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About Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922 | View Entire Issue (June 22, 1895)
T11HJ OMAHA DAILY BEE : SATURDAY , JUNE 22 , 1895 , 11 TOE flELD OF ELECTRICITY Details of Another Plan to Pleco n Curb Bit on Niagara. WHEELS SUSPENDED FROM A BRIDGE Electric 1'ower on It.illroniM Or.itlnilly : In- i ; 'I ho Summer 1'uii a * n Loot * ! f Agent DerolopiiiFitt 111 I.lncn. Atonzo C. Mather , a Buffalo Inventor , has applied to the governor of Now York for permission to harness Niagara In a manner radically different from the postty plans now epproachlng completion at the FatU. Instead of itouo-banUcd canals , power pits and tun nels for carrying off the waste water , Mr. Mather proposes to throw n bridge over the river just aboio the rapids , and by means of mammoth undershot wheels develop an almost unlimited amount of power. As soon as tha necennary permission Is ob tained an experimental ppan will be erected and run suindcntly long to give It a hor- ough trial. It will have stone abutments supporting a etucl truss bridge sixty-live or seventy foct above the water and a steel girder supporting a uteel undershot wheel. This wheel Is 200 feet long and forty feet In diameter , and Us bearings are mounted on four powerful hydraulic cjlljidurs by which it can bo raised Instantly ten feet above the river or snnk ten feet Into the current. Al though the wheel Is 200 feet long , Mr. Mather claims that It Is so perfectly constructed and braced that It will have the same power of resistance that an ordinary twenty-foot wheel has , and possess as much rigidity. Of course the power generated from this wheel could not be taKen from thn axle , but Instead In taken from th circumference by link bells , running up Into the bridge. These belts have tighteners , which keep them al ways taut and help to regulate the strain. The wheel will weigh over 500,000 pounds. The brldgo Is eo designed as to have atone ono slili * a house containing the dynamos , next It a roadway and tank for electrical cars and finally a footway. The brllge , when completed , will have ten spans Probably not morn than three or four power wheels will be hung beneath It. The transformation of the pqwer generated by the wheel Into electricity presents no particular dlfilculty , but the amount of horse power so produced cannot well be estimated. It would depend on the depth to which the wheel entered the current , but engineers differ considerably In their calculations as to the results obtain able. The bill authorising the construction of the bridge passoJ by the last legislature provides that the work must be commenced within two years and finished within five years1 , but that this period shall not begin until the permission of the Cansllan govern ment Is obtained , provided this Is granted within two jpars. To complete the structure will cost several millions of dollars , but If It succeeds , Mr. Mather says , Buffalo will bo the greatest electrical wonder of the world and he has the utmost faith In his project Ho has do- votoJ five years to the subject and In experi ments and expert advlco of engineers has spent some thousands of dollars. He Is the Inventor of the Mather stock car. of which over 2,000 are now In use , and several other contrivances , Including a self- lacing glove. ELECTRIC POWER ON RAILROADS. Electrltlty Is steadily crowding Into the domain of steam as n railroad motive power. The Pennsylvania railroad , It is expected , will soon operate an electric line from Wash ington to Alexandria. The New York Central Is eald to bo considering the proposition to substitute electricity for steam on the New- York & Putnam railroad , a line cf fifty mlloa In length , that runs northeasterly from New York City through the Harlem valley. It Is quite likely that the change of motive power will be entirely unobjectionable , for there will bo no decrease of speed and there surely will bo Increase of cleanliness and a greater number of trains. Should electric motors be installed on the Now York & Putnam road there teen may follow direct electric car communication between Now York City and Jlwton , for the Now York & Putnam would provide that desirable and necessary some thing entrance Into New York City. The Introduction of electricity on the Nan- taskct branch of the New York , New Haven & Hartford lines and the studies which the New Yoik Central road Is making to deter mine Its suitability for the Uultalo & Nia gara Falls branch of that system have been noticed widely in the papers , but a French Journal , the Revue Generate des I'hamlns de Fcr , states that the Paris. Lyons & Medit erranean railway has been operating a short branch by electric ty for over a year , ? o that It Is probable that the American railways cannot claim priority In the use of the new system of propulsion. This French line is qulto short and Is used chiefly as a coal road. From Clapler , a small station on the St. Qtlenno & Lanpeac dlv slon , It rises for five- eighths of a. mile on a G.C per cjnt grade to Montmarte , and then runs for a mile to the mines over more level ground , the maximum grade being but 1.4 per cent The steeper part Is operated by a cable at the top of the Incline , so arranged that eight loaded cars in descending drag up as many empty cars The remainder of the line has two tunnels along Its length , one of which was subject formerly to frequent cave-Ins. These caused annoying delays In the operation of the line and led to the lining of the tunnel with tim ber. This part of the road had been op- " crated by steam locomotives , but as they were , of course , unsulled for use In a timber lined tunnel , electricity wa.1 adoptol In place of steam. The current Is distributed by a rail placed on blocks at ono side of the track In the manner adopted on the Intramural railway at the Columbian exposition. The locomotive hauls eight empty cars over the steepest part of the line at a speed of three and three- fourths miles an hour and five miles an hour elsewhere. The trip , with the loaded cars , being on a descending grade , Is made some what more quickly. From twelve to fifteen trains are run each way dally and the con- numptlon of coal Is said to be a trifle le-is than with the steam locomotives used pre viously. AN ELECTRIC SOLUTION. The Phlladelphlans are greatly exercised over the big statue of William Penn which surmounts the tower of their flne city hall. As the figure now stands It faces the old 1'enn Treaty park , the point at which Penn landed , and the right arm Is extended In that direction. From the entire southern section of the city only the back of the statue U visible , while from tha extreme east and west only a profile > lew of Penn's features can be obtained. A local engineer 1ms conceived the novel idea that the way to please everybody would be to make the itatua revolve , and the common council lias aet about putting the Idea Into execution. The statue is to be removed from Its fastenings on a permanent plane and bolted to a re volving plane , so that it will turn completely around once In twenty-four hours. The tow r is to be supplied by a central shaft driven by electrical machinery. The revolution of the shaft of the statue U to bo so slow that its movement r.Ill not ba perceptible. It U also proposed to place permanent marks on the base of the north , south , cast and west points , and on the revolving base to Indicate the time of day. These marks are to repre sent 12 o'clock midnight , 0 a. m. . 3 and G p , in. For the further convenience of the public It Is contemplated to Illuminate the statue at night by electric light , eo that the time of day may bo discerned at all times. TELEPHONE l.MPI'.OVEMENTd. Among recent telephone Improvements U an attachment for neutralizing disagree able sounds produced in the telephone by induction , and enabling the h'arer to concen trate himself on the ccnver.'atlon he Li listen ing to , undisturbed by surrounJIng nolsoi. A cushion of soft cum rubber Is fitted Into a metal rim that clamps over the end of the telephone iccelver. This cushion Is adjuried so as to pl\e exactly the right distance be tween the diaphragm and the ear drum , and is said to Improve the hearing of telephone talk fully 50 per cent. As the cushion ts large enough to entirely close the ear. the ad vantage of a round-proof booth Is practically eecured. Another Ingenolus attachment hat > b."en devised for telephones to be used In factories and t-hopi where the din Is to great that it It almost Itnpoiv'.ble to hear the call be'tf of the Instrument. It conslsta of a steam whittle , which U turned on by means of a lever operated by magnnlsm. When a call l made , the boll ring * , usual , but the current then pjisea through a magnet , and t wdght 1 * released which pulla th * vrhUtle lever. The whlitl * Ve pi tp Its wntnlrg note until tome ODO answers th call and turns elf the rteam , which I * donby replacing tbo n eight. Tim SUMMKH FAX. There Is just now more activity In th ? silo of motor fans thun 'In any branch of tlcf- trlcal business , and clwtrlc fans will'on I e more commotrthun tc tng machlni-i. Tt7 ! nbllc l beginning lo r alr-j ! how tiiuoh ex- nptlon from dlvanifort In hot weather de- ends upon this Lnndy little nppllnm1 * . In flcsi It quickly pay * for Itself , for It en- bles a man to do his Cull share of work on ay when the p nple down lu the Mrect nrc lopping their brow * and blocking the ride * alk around the thermometer. In n prhate QU90 It li useful in a dozen wayi. ati'l It laced at night In a bedroom H brings re- rcihlng sleep Instead of the wiory wakeful- ess of n clojc , stifling atmosphere. A rc < - aurant proprietor of Ixis AngclC'i jIvc ; to ic electric fan the credit of saving him from ankruptcy In certain weather th smell of Is kitchen became so pervasive that It Vtai riving all his customers away. After vainly rylng dirt-rent remedlpn. he had a large tan o fixed that all the fumes of the cooking ere drawn tip n shaft and passed Into the tiler air. The difference In the atmosphere f the restaurant was not lost on the pub- c : the business returned , and teen went oyond all former records. A writer In an lectrlcal Journal tells of an experience In a nctnry gallery where huge vats were lm- lerlng. The cooltst Inan In the factory was he attendant standing over the vats , who \as briskly blown upon by a little fan motor , n another case a valuable cook had given lotlce to leave , In consequence of the heat > f th kitchen. The mailer of the house v.is dlconolate , and told hli plight to an lectrlcal friend , who suggested putting a an motor In the kitchen. This was done and the cook ts there > et , and vows , more- iver , that she will never leave , except to go o some other kitchen where a fan motor can be found. HOME COMFORTS. From the moment the public saw for Itself hat electric currents could bo delivered and kept ready for any purpose without rare or anxiety , the business of the manufactur- rs of storage batteries entered a new phase Where the street mains are not available , a ew cells of battery can be left at the house , and called for , to be recharged when neces sary. So common has this utilization of electric current become that many families are new dispensing with ono of their lervants , as they find they can now do by ts agency much of the domestic work for merly left to hired help. A significant In- llcatlon of this development Is found In the fact that an extensive company has been organized at a popular Now Jersey watering ; > lnce for the supply of all manner of do mestic labor-saving appliances , and storage batterlca for operating them , to the Iran slent Usltors and the permanent visitors of the town. A special form of storage battery will bo used , made of lead wire , which will jive a large surface , with little weight. One branch of the company's business will be the building of electric launches , supplied with storage batteries , which will be Bold outright or rented to the visitor. The num ber of those who are fond of the water and of water sport , but wish neither to row nor to handle sails , Is very large ; more over , electricity at once renders women or Invalids , as well as the man who has come out from the city with the fixed Intention of being as lazy as It Is possible to be , quite Independent of physical exertion In cruising about. about.DETECTING DETECTING SHAM DIAMONDS. An Inventor has devised an electrical ap paratus for the detection of sham or paste diamonds. The diamond is moistened and slowly moved toward a small , thin disk of aluminium , which Is rapidly revolved by an electric motor. The contact of the diamond thus constitutes a brake to the motion of the disk If metallic marks are found on the supposed gem. It Is not genuine ; otherwise It Is a purs stone. The idea Is based on the fact that It a sharp piece of aluminium be rubbed on moistened glass , brilliant metallic markings appear , but the phenomena Is ab sent when similar contact ts made with a diamond. Thij same Inventor is credited with an electric egg-testing device , which consists of a box' provided with two holes and fitted Inside with a mirror at 45 degrees. A small electric lamp outside the box throws lighten on the egg placed in one of the holes In the top of the box. Through the other hole can be seen In the mirror the reflection of the il luminated egg , which will bo clear of streaks and stains or otherwise , according as It is stale or sound. THE ELECTRIC LIBRARY. There are many remarkable things about the new Hoston library , of which the most novel Is the method of conveying the books between the main desk and the bookcases on the various floors. It was early in the work of building the library that the problem of book transporta tion presented Itself for solution , sajs the Electrical Engineer. In the old library , now , vacated , a score or more boys were employed , their duty being to run to all parts of the building for the books required. Under the new order of things about five times more work would have to l > e done , which meant an army of boys , each one of whom might have to tramp from eight to ten miles every day. The Impossibility , therefore , of continuing such a system was realized and a change de cided upon. A local company was called upon to design and construct a mechanical system suited to the requirements of the service. It had no data to go by , and so had to devise something entirely now , by means of which the attend ants would bo able to secure a book from any part qt the vast buiWng , with Its five acres of book shelves , and Wat with a minimum of time and labor. They designed a .system by which an attendant on the floor has only to pick out the book wanted , put it In a railway car with a cable attachment , push It oft the side switch to the main line , from whence it runs 'round at the rate of 000 feet a minute to a special elevator , which drops automati cally , as soon as the car Is In position , down to the delivery room , waits till the empty car rolls back and then delivers It on a return track to the switch It started from. For the accommodation of the hundreds of thousands of volumes there are six stories or stacks , as they an technically called , of books. According to this arrangement , the delivery room , which opens on to the main reading room , although on the second floor front , occupies a position between the fourth and fifth stacks. The aim of the designers was to focus all the books toward this one place , and as a first step they constructed an elevator well , long and narrow This pierced the entire building , from basement to roof , run nlng by the stacks and delivery room. In this way they set up shafts for threj ele vators , ono for each stack. The delivery roof , being between the fifth and sixth stacks , two distinct elevator motions had to bo provided for ; the one from the fifth and sixth stacks going down , while the ones from the tint , second , third and fourth went up to the room. In the basement the ten- her e power motor has been Installed to haul the elevators , which It does very satlt- factorlly. Then there had to be constructed a railway around the building. A miniature track with an eight-Inch gauge , and follow ing the lines of the Interior court yard was built. The track ii ever half a mile In length. The cars are maj > of wire , and travel 500 feet a minute , with ten to thirty poundt weight of books in them. At cer tain points are aw Itches working outomatl- cally , by menas of which the cars are di verted to whatever part of ths building or different floors they may ba required. There are eighteen stations along the track , so ar ranged that certain cars ktop at the-lr own assigned depots and at t other. The same company constructed the pneumatic tube sys tem by means of which cards , tickets and other messages are dUpatched to any de sired point and returned by the same route. This apparatus Is operated by the came motor. itrctrlril : Notel. Telephone rates at Ottumwa , la. , dropped to $30 a year for otficej and $12 for houses. Score another for competition. The recent hot spell down east caused a tremendous rush for electric fans. One firm In Now York City sold an average of 400 a day for a week. The city of Springfield. III. , has gouo Into the electric lighting business. It was being charged $138 per arc lamp a year by the pri vate company In the field , and the debt of the city was already up to the lawful limit. So atxty men of property loaned their credit tu the city and a municipal lighting plant has been put up. This has been Iei4ej to two Dktlled electricians for fHe ) eir on a con- trtct to supply the city with llgat at ( GO a lamp. Appropriations will be ma Jo by the city at the rate of $113 a lamp , and the dif ference turned Into a sinking fund , which will extinguish the debt Incurred In five years. Thun the cl y expects to run the plant Itself. It has recently been claimed , says Elec tricity , that oils and fats may not only bo bleached , but sweetened and purified gener ally by treating them with an electric cur- | root. The syjteni upon which thlc Is ef fected ts as follows' There Is a tank divided Into two part * by mean * of a porous parti tion ; In one of the compartments thus formed U plactMl a solution of common salt at 8 degree Twaddell etrenRth , and Immersed In his solution U a carbon electrode. In the other compartment there Is a mixture of the oil or fat with a similar silt solution , anJ mmoMed In the mixture Is a copper olec- trade. A continuous electric current Is then generated by means of a dynamo , the oil and salt solution being agitated by median- cat means at the satim time. UNCLE SAM'S OWN FARM. One 1'atoll of 43O ( Irmiioi Ne r Ideal In ( Jri vli5 I'laiU' , Ilack of the big brick seed barn of the Department of Agrlculltire Is a very funny kind of a garden , which has just begun to sprout , vays the Washington Star , U covers about half an acre , which Is divided up Into ever so many llttlo rectangular patches Of the latter there are 450 In all , which arc sown with as many different kinds of grasses. The seeds for most of these have been obtained from foreign countries , through United States consuls , who have responded to a circular sent out by the De partment of State requesting them to for ward samples. In fact , they come from all over the world , and the purpose of the garden described Is to moke a fairly com prehensive exhibit of the grasses of all lands. Included among the 150 species arc vari ous kinds of forage plants. The Idea for this novel exhibit Is original with 1'rof. Schrlb- ner , the agrostologist recently engagsd by the Department of Agriculture. When all of the plants are fully de\eloped , along toward autumn , the garden will be very pretty to look upon. There will even be bamboos , which belong to the family of grasses Ad joining the garden Is Mr. L O. Howard's Insect rearing establishment , In which bugs of multitudinous varieties are bred under glass. The latter gentleman jocularly threat ened to let out his bugs to browse upon Prof. Schrlbner's grasses , not to mention the plants of different kinds which Trof. Wiley Is cultivating In the Immediate vicin ity. ity.Prof. Prof. Wiley has an outfit of a very pe culiar sort. It consists of a shed with a glass roof , out from under which run a series of parallel railway tracks , for a dis tance of about sixty or seventy feet. On the ralU are miniature flat oils , which carry huge earthen rots and wooden tubs. In each tub Is a growing plant. There are a number of specimens of each kind of plant potato , pea or what not each growing In a differ ent kind of soil. The purposs In vlow Is to find out Just how much available food Is con tained In various soils. The soils employed have previously been analyzed. The quantity of plant fool In a ,1011 may not determine ttt usefulness for producing crops. Inasmuch as It may not be In such shape as to be easily absorbed. Feeding plants Is like feeding babies ; the diet has got to be not merely nutritious , but easily digestible. Having ascertained by analysis just how much plant food la con tained In each kind of soil. Prof. Wiley wants to know how much of It Is assimilated In the process of vegetable growth. The soils ex perimented with are from all parts of the United State. ! , end the Information obtained Is cxpecteJ to be of much use to farmers. The days of farming by gueawork have nearly passed by , and now agriculture Is a scientific pursuit The rails and cars enable Prof Wiley to run his plants under shelter when It rains. Haiti water contains nitro gen , which being added In iinletermlned quantities would Interfere with the accu racy of his experiments. Only distilled water Is furnished to the plants. The Department of Agriculture raises every year on Its farm many thousands of plants for distribution through members of congress and to applicants generally This season It will take 85,000 cuttings of grape vines , com prising twenty-five varieties. Of course , the grape vines are grown out of doors. Twenty- two varieties of olives will be grown under glass for the same purpose , to be distributed In the south. Of these , 10,000 will be pro duced , some varieties being best for oil and others most suitable for pickles. Out of doors will bo grown thirty varieties of figs , from which perhaps 1.500 cuttlugs will be taken. To the list will bo adu > d 100.000 strawberry plants , of forty varieties : also 5,000 camphor plants , raised from seed , and pineapples , guavas , oranges and lemons. Olives and figs are distributed only south of North Carolina , camphor plants south of Savannah and pineapples In eastern Florida , due regard being had for the climatic condi tions suitable for the raising of these pro ducts. * MACHINERYAND IABOB. Mnnufucturcrors ami U'orMnemcn Under < ImiiKlnc Conditions , The Doston Transcript tells of a manufac turer employing 700 operatives who is busy with experiments to determine the productive unit of a working day , In the hope of being able to diminish the number of hours of labor In that day. Ills Idea la to ascertain what constitutes a fa r day's product , and then to help his employes to fewer hours of labor by requiring from them only that pro duct , turned out as it may be In fewer hours than at present. If nine hours of fresher and more buoyant labor will turn out the same product as ten hours of more jaded labor , ha can afford to pay and Is disposed to pay the same wages for the former as for the letter. Ills operatives , he believes , by rea son of this Incentive of more leisure for re creation , Will .do swifter and better work , while they are employed , and the shorter working day will be a boon to them , while It will inflict no loss upon him. In the furtherance of such experiments as this , the Improvements which have been made In machinery count as an Important factor. These Improvements , to a largo ex tent , have taken the direction of Increased speed. The American Wool and Cotton lie- porter furnishes striking corroborative evl- denceon this point. In some print cloth mills spindles are run at a speed of from 10,000 to 12,000 revolutions a minute , which Is double the rate of thirty years ago. Broad looms , which twenty-five years ago would run seventy picks per minute , on woolens and worsteds , are now run at 100 to 110 picks. The Improvements spinning machines have resulted In better yarn , and this enables the looms to do more rapid and better work. Cotton looms making print cloths are run up to 210 picks per minuteas against a rate of 160 picks per minute thirty year * ago. The most remarkable performance was that of a loom at the World's fair In Chicago , running at the rate of 2SO picks per minute on ging hams. There have been similar gains In carpet-making machinery , and in all depart ments of manufacture. It Is true , doubtless , that the swifter ma chinery is more exacting In Its demands upon the workman. Hut It results In a very con- _ slderable Increase In the product which he Is iable to turn out. A part of the advantage of this Increase very properly goes to the man ufacturer , as a return upon the increased cost of his plant. A part of It Inures to the public. In the form of lower prices , nut a part belongs to the operative , and may prop erly be realized by him in the form of fewer hours of labsr or better wages. To a certain extent these gains are already his , and they will Ito his to a larger degree , as such ex periments as that of the manufacturer to whom we referred at the beginning toke shape In new rchedulet adjusted to the new conditions. Twenty for Two. Here Is a pomewlut new story of tha Niagara falls hackman , told by the Buffalo Rxpre&j. Two tourists , a lady and a gentleman 1 , stopped off at the falls Jietwoen trains. A hackman engaged them for a brief tour of sightseeing. The time actually consume : ! was flfty-flvo minutes. The hackman said ho must have $10 The gentleman remarkol that It was an outrage. The driver OTp'alncd that ho had be n of great assistance In pointIng - Ing cut the places of Interest , and stood firm. The gentleman prepare ! to pay under protest. Unfortunately for himself he handed the man a $20 bill. "Do you pay for the hdy alr > ? " asked the hackmin , promptly. "Do I iwy for the lady ? " repeated the fare In attonUhment. "Of course I do. What do you mean ? " "Then there will bo no changa , " replloj the hackman. "My charge of { 10 ii for one person ; { 20 for two persons. Tbo amount you have handed me ti exactly cor rect. Thank you. sir. " Two silver wines at Granite , near Butte , ilojiU , bate closed , owing to the low price of silver , throwing out 1,000 men. Another niltlo In the same locality l > likely to close shortly , and It is expected that tbe town of Qranlto will be completely abandoned to tha mine owners. AN OPAL IN TitILDERSESS A Western Jewel Racily Sketched bj an Eastern Tgpdoifcot. IIUVBLE L'FE ' IN A LOFTY ALTITUDE The Ilnro ( Jrnlinlio I'rctlileA Over the t tiatiiinaniHl mill Hoolul 1.1 to of the Metruiiot | ut tlio Ulnlali 3Iuuutulu i-Uirlmltlc . Scattered on either side of a heavy up grade of the Union Pacific tracks , leading from a canon of the Ulntah mountains of Wyoming , are some half dcren log houses , a store , a saloon and as many corrals. This Is Opal. It seems the height of Impudence , writes n tenderfoot correspondent of the Philadelphia Inquirer , that a town so llmlled In Its proportions should occupy a place on the map , but Opal Is an important city. Tor that matter , a section house , a sidetracked hand car and a sign board are all that Is re quired itf the makeup of a western "city , " and a guaranteed license to appear on the map In the same sUcd type as any of Its alster cities. Opal , with its half dozen houses , is a metropolis. It Is the railroad center for a district covering 200 miles to the north , em bracing a region of sheep and cattle ranches among the wealthiest In Wyoming and the newly dlsco\ercd gold mines at Cora , the hope of thousands of speculators and miners. Opal has many advantages. It Is away up , resting some 7,400 feet above the sea level. f Then there Is plenty of room and no crowded streets. rour-horaa teams of bunches of cattle pass each other In the busiest thoroughfares without coming within speaking distance. The only government building In the place Is the postofflce , which occupies a corner of the llttlo station , while the noticeable absence of jails and police stations strengthens tha air of freedom . which characterizes this t > plcal western town. The Opalltes are as Interesting as the place they llvo In. The man who owns the store is the acknowledged mayor of the city. Ho is not elected to this high olllco. He don't need to bo. His position demands it , and thrown in contact with every man on the range ho hears all their troubles , while putting up their orders , and Is broad-mlndod enough to agree with all , one at a time. In this way ho Is the confidant of every cus tomer , arid If ho occasionally or Invariably charges for a half hour's sympathy In con nection with a side of pork , no objection Is made. A WESTERN BUSINESS MAN. The storekeeper at Opal Is not only recog nized to be , but naturally is , the cleverest man in the place. He Is Just what the suc cessful western storekeeper must be , a first class business man , a hustler , a true judge of human nature , with ability to use hla knowledge in hla own behalf , good-natured , always to be rolled on In time of trouble , a clever entertainer , cool , courageous and all-in-all a man , embracing all the true and genuine qualities of that Intricately con structed animal. Just such a man is the storekeeper of Opal. Always on the alert to make a dollar , he Is quite as quick to drive all night with a doctor from some neighboring city to the bedside of a suffering ranchman. If he Is quick to charge a' man who comes to the store in possession of his full health , he Is Just as quick to forgot to charge the same man when he Is sick or In trouble. There Is an unprlnted city ordinance In Opal to the effect that "this ts a country where you get nothln' for nothln'and d d little fer a nickel , " but In sickness or In real distress the westerner Is the quickest to see the wants of his neighbor , ot any man In the world , and he gives assistance In a roughly delicate way that dpes not make the receiver read "charity" In everything ho gives him. WYOMING WOMCN. Although woman suffrage Is way above par in this state , and running in full opera tion. It will bo a long time before she has an equal voice with the original voter. Ac cording to statistics , Wyoming has ten men to one woman. Under the present statute the woman Is only allowed one vote at each election , and from the corrals and the ranches of the I.aramle plains to the Arapahoe - hoe steppes of the Shoshone reservation the females loudly protest against this unfair reprjsentatlon. In Wjomlng woman Is all powerful , and It Is In her minority she derives her great strength and Influence. She Is universally respected , thoroughly western , and , if fa miliar , It is In a way that is understood to court admiration in this country. Insults are unknown. DRAWING THE LONG BOW. The following incident occurred in a sister town of about Opal's sUe A ranchman ap plied for lodging at a section house kept by a woman. He was accommodateJ , and when he went to bed he left under his pillow his money , a considerable sum In the morning he left his room , forgetting to take his money with him. Later ho remembered It , and , rushing back , found the landlady mak ing the bed. Ho asked her for his purse. She said she knew nothing about It. He was sure she had and finally caught her by the arm and earnestly demanded his money. She screamed , and a lot of men hearing her , rushed in , and thinking the trtan had Insulted her , hung him to the nearest telegraph polo without giving him a chance to explain. It was afterward found out that the woman had stolen the money , but beneath that same telegraph pole lies burled an Innocent man , a strangely silent monument In honor of a dis honorable woman. OPAL STYLES. Styles In Opal vary llttlo. Overalls , cow- hlde boots , a Jumper , a flannel shirt , a red silk handkerchief , a broad-brimmed sombrero and heavy gloves constitute the regular dress. The cowboys with their schapps and fancy toggery belong to another class , but the abovp description covers twelve out of a possible thirteen of the citizens of Opal. Every thing Is made to wear ojid Is worn until every section of the garment positively refuses to hang together , when It Is cast aside by the citizen and made up Into some thing even more unique for ono of the com ing generation. As for the clothes the women wear , they are eo few , not few per woman , but there is such a marked scarcity of both women and women's dresses that It Is like describing the herds of buffaloes that roam the plains If there ever were any they are gene. Nothing can approach the stillness of the Wyoming1 night. The mountains and hills that surround the range on every side seem to guard the placeillkeunlehty monitors at such a time , and the only noise that breaks the omnipresent stlllncsp Is the occasional moving of the stock Jn the neighboring corrals , or the steady , rjppllng of the little creek , so faintly heard that the soft murmur seems like nature's lullaby with which she overcomes in drowsiness this little world shut In among the ( great Ulntah mountains. The smoke which rit > es from the camp fires of prospecting parties bound for the gold mines of the north country , which line this little stream , gradually grows dimmer and dimmer , until the moort and stars alone are left to watch the sleeping world below. Just now Opal Is shaking In the tremor of unprecedented excitement. The storekeeper Is digging a well. The labor Is being per formed by a couple of section hands , but all Opal gathers around th < ? mouth of the new enterprise to direct , criticise and superintend the work. But while the planning , the sug gestlon of many alterations and the general discussion Is going on above , the section hands are steadily working out their own plan of digging a hole , for they are happily unconscious of the criticism above. They are Japs , Every one says the well means a big boom for Opal. MINERAL DEPOSITS. As implied by Its name , Opal Is rich in minerals and preciouj stones. It Is from this place that the wonderful specimens sold at Manltou and other Colorado health re sorts , as peculiar phenomena and natural formation of the hot springs , are first shipped. Although thete curiosities came from Opal , the town derives no revenue from their sale. The specitncni are common prop erty and are to bs had for the picking. One of the Interesting places always pointed out In Opal U the saloon. This resort has a reputation that Is as unique us It is wide spread. There is DO sign orer the door to show that liquors are sold Inilde. It doein'l ncd any. The plice needs no advertisement , for there Is always a Urge number who are glad to ( bow a stranger , or particularly a Underfoot , the war. Mixed drlnki ttre un known , but straight whiskies go piling ortr tha rough tmr seven dsyi n n rk. The quality of tbe whisky Is juit tha oppoill * of the roy and reluctant inge bush. It hat no medicinal properties , but a small amount will open a thousand bounties I'l pic turesque scenery In "less than a holy min ute , " as the storekeeper say * . It was In Opal that the story of the tenderfoot , the fthUk-broom and the gins ) of whisky orig inated. The tenderfoot asked for n drink of whisky. The bartender inve ; him a glass and a small whisk-broom. Th * t ndcrf < rjt , not understanding the its' * of the l.ut r , waited for someone oNo to drink add watch the proceedings , lie iukc-1 tha bit tender to "ha\p one , " but ho only ecjnlrd savagely. Finally the Hlg I'lney stnio ; driver came In. The bartender treited him In th tame way. Taking the whisky and whlik-broom to one corner , he brushed away the dirt , dranlc the whisky and had a fit. Ho recovered just In time to tee the tenderfoot running ( jut of the door , leading his "fit" untouched on tha bar. bar.In In a business way this little toun nar the Utah line of Wyoming Is an example of western push and enterprise. Each jear mora than 10,000 cattle are shipped to Chicago cage , a ) many sheep and one-quarter of n million pounds of wool to Philadelphia and other eastern markets. In return , supplies for the hundreds of ranchers In the north country are tout here for distribution , and about the little station tlure Is always as busy a crowd of teamster * as there Is at the Dread street depot , even If the number U smaller and of somewh.it different kind. Al together , Opal Is a tjplcal western to n , a place where the chase after the almighty dollar supersedes the chase after the soft and scented anise teed bag as a form of .imuso- ment , and the possession of gold Is the one ambition of every man's life. DARING EXPKE5S HIDER. AM I'ngllsh I'nrty Aiui/ailntn 1'rontlprn- intii mi tiio ri.iin * . In the days when the west was wild and woolly and a yard wide a party of London- era bent on the destruction of the buffalo struck a small station on one of the now long-forgotten coach lines of the plains. Not one of the englishmen had over been In the country before , relates the Now York World , but each was confident of his ability to do the region In proper style. The whole outfit had rounded up at the sta tion on the discovery of Indian signs , but after lying o\er for two days the English men concluded that the three frontiersmen acting us their gukles had been unneces sarily frightened. On the third day they announced that they were going on to the icxt station. "All right , " said the frontiers- nen , "we'll go with you , but It will bo a run and a fight for It. " At dawn the following lay the party was preparing to mount when .he agent called out "Here comes the ex ress' ' " Far to the eastward a horseman was coming over the crest of a nso In the prairie. \s he came Into full view the party could see hat ho was hanging low over the pommel of his saddle and that he was laphlng the wiry steed galloping at full tilt under him. Pres ently over the rise came another horseman. Then another and another , until a t > corc i > ere strung out on the trail of the pony ex press. The agent silently withdrew to the station and reappeared with a rllle. "In- d.ans . , " ho remarked. The Englishmen drew their shooting-Irons and retreated to the cabin. Uut the agent and his helpers led a pony out of the stable , saddled and bridled the animal and held It besldo the trail. "Jim may want to go on , " explained the agent , Just before the trail turned Into the station It ran through a watercourse filled at the time with suffocating alkali dust. The Eng lishmen watched the "express rider until he dashed Into the further opening of the cut , and then prepared to fight for their lives. As the pursued , and pursuers went out of sight In the duet the men at the station heard a rifle crack and then horrifying yells , the war whoops of the Indians. Presently out of the dust-clouded watercourse dashed the express rider , followed cUcly by painted , screeching savages. The expressrider's face was gashed by an arrowhead and In the flank of his foam-lathered animal a feathered shaft waved to and fro at every leap. As the In dians came on , Englishmen , guides and sta tion men opened fire. With the first volley three bucks went down , find two of them never rose again. The third leaped astride ol a companion's pony , and before the smoke of the first volley had floated upward In thin blue wlpps the war party had sought the shelter of the watercourse. The express rider came on , and as he was abreast of the fresh mount held by the station agent , he leaped from his still running pony , dragging the saddlebags with him. "Going to stop over , Jim ? " asked the agent. "Hell , no , " was the answer , and he threw himself aetrlde the fresh pony ami dashed down the trail. Presently he turned plucked on arrow from his sleeve , and with a laugh tosaad It away. Then he leaned over the neck of the pony and lashed its flanks. The next station was ten miles away , and at every mile there mupt be an armed bind. The Englishman stuck to the station for ten days , when a troop of cavalry came along At the station down the trail they found the express rider knocking about the bar with a strip of plaster across his face. One of the Englishmen walked up to him , and after looking Into his face eald : "My friend , you are a brave man , but you are also a d fool. " o TJIK1IC Cowper read only his bible and his prayer book. Hallam said that Llvy was the model his torian. Chopin rarely read anything heavier than a Trench novel. Paul Veronese thought there was no equate to the "Aeneld. " Auber hated reading , and never read save under compulsion. Caesar Dorgla had a library of works relat Ing mostly to art. Titian read his prayer book and the Meta morphoses of Ovid. Voltaire's favorite classical author was Juvenal , the satirist. Hosslnl , for nearly thirty years , read noth Ing but French novels. Jean Paul Illchter had only five or six books , all philosophical. Lord CIlvo said that "Robinson Crusoe' ' beat any book he ever read. Franklin read all ha could find iTlating to political economy and finance. Michael Angelo was fondest of the books o Moses and the Paulina of David. Hogarth was fond of joke books and forces and enjoyed them Immoderately , Cherublnl was a lover of botany and mad collections of works on the subject , Beethoven was not a great reader , but oc caslonally found pleasure In a novel. Bach was no great reader , but much en joyod books of jokes and funny stories. George III. for many years of his life read nothing but his bible and prayer book. Marie , the great tenor , road anything ho could obtain relating to sports or hunting. "Papa" Haydn liked stories , and he said "The more love there Is In them the better. St. John Chryaostom never tired of read Ing or of praising tbo works of the Apostl John. Da Vlnel read Pindar and thought him th noblest poet who ever wrote In any language Swift made a special study of the Latin satirists and Imitated their style and lau Heine seldom read anj thing but poetry but he read that with the most scrupulou attention , round tlin .MKHlncVoril. . A hotel clerk told this story to the Louis vlllo Courier-Journal. Three men from th country came Into the hotel and reglMere for lodging , and a few minutes later two o them went out to ceo the town. "I wll stay here , " said the thlrJ , "and look afte things , " and he took a teat near the door. At 10 o'clock , a half hour later , the ma ; who was left went up to the clerk , "I want to remain , " said he. "All right , lr. " answered the clerk. Th man .Hood and looked at the clerk anJ flnall ; went back to his chair near the door. He vat still another hour and returned t the desk. "If you please , I'll remain , " he said. said."That's "That's all right , sir , " was the respoaie. "We hope you'll bo with us some time. " The man hejltated and went back to bl chair. It was away after midnight when Jo went up to th * > clerk for the thlrJ time. "I think I'll remain , sir , " he tald. The guest did not go back to his chair , however , but stool still Shortly after ward anotheguojt came up anl asked the clerk for his key , "and I'll retire " "Retire ! Retire ! That's the word I've been trying to think of for three hours. 1'or heaven's tiako let me retire , " InterrupteJ the man who had BO desired to remain , aad he was ju ( set tappy THE QUEEN OF EXPOSITION Chicago Enthroned tLo Ktofr , Pnrls Will Turnisk the Queen. GREAT SHOW OF THE DYING CENTURY Una for the 11)00 ) Cxpniltlon Urn ITU on n Scale at Gorgeous .Mitciilllcunon bom * ot the Womlori that May He Horn There , If enterprise and push will Insure the suc cess of the Paris exposition of 1'JOO then an unparalleled achievement may b txpecttd on the threshold ot the twentieth century In ho gay capital of the worl.1. The vvollc of preparation for the great un dertaking , saji the Now York Journal , has jogun In earnest , and will henceforth bo 'arrled on wit ! . "Igor. The plan of thu grounds naa already beou submitted to the exocutlvo committee. It uot only provides for an arra more than four times as largo as that of the exposition of 1389 , but alto calls for work ot considerable magnitude and : ho greatest pretensions , Intended to outlive the exposition and forever after beautify the city. city.This This plan will Involve an expenditure of 75.000.000 francs , about $15,000.000 In our money. One-quarter of this sum will be used In beautlf > lng the Champs Elvsecs , al ready ono ot the most beautiful spots In Paris. The principal entrance to the exposition will bo situated near the Seine , at one of the angles of Iho Place do la Concorde Within the visitor will find on his right the Administration building , and next to It the Building of Education and Instruction. No structure ot any kind will Impede the view of the Seine on the left , but a gorgeous spectacle will greet the c > o In the terraced gardens , which will bo constructed on a ; irlncely scale on the border of the river. A new promenade will bo provided between the Champs Ulysees and the Quay do la Con ference. On the right , and facing the Hotel des Invalldcs , will bo erected the Palace of Flno Arts , and on the left will rise the palace , of smaller dimensions than those of the Palace of Flno Arts , of the proposed Exposition of French Art. These two buildings , with the monumental bridge , will bo the only permanent ones of the exposition. They will bo so arranged as not to change the character of the great Parisian avenue , and their distribution will lend itself to the same artistic purpose for all time as does that of the actual Palace of Industry. Porticos , statues , beds of flowers and the like will help complete the beautiful picture thus to bo created. METALLIC LACU WORKS. The monumental bridge will bs sixty Inches In width , and * will not Interfere with naviga tion. A unique arch of beaten steel Is ex pected to lend unusual grandeur , a part of which will bo covered by an ornamental scheme of extremely light porticos , forming a metallic net of lacework appearance. The system which has been adopted for the elevated constructions on the esplanade will bo different from that employed In 1889. In that these constructions will be placed In the center. All this part of the territory of the exposition will bo reserved for the In dustrial arts and all that appertains to them It was proposed to tear down the Palace of Industry , but the project has startled a great number of people. Artists , sports men and agriculturists were especially alarmed lest they would bo deprived of a place , as a critic has expressed It for them , wherein to exhibit themselves for four years. But the committee within whose hands the work of laying out the general plan was intrusted , has assured them that they need not fear. The annual salon of the Society of French Artists , they say , will be given a home or habitation In some part or other of the Champs Elysces and as for the other societies concerned the committee says that they will make it their business to find quarters for them also. The exposition will co\er both banks of the Seine up to the. Alma bridge. On the right will be the buildings of tin city of Paris , of horticulture and facial economy , and on the left the foreign buildings. From the Alma bridge to the Champs de Mare station will be erected the palaces for the exposition of land and naval warfare , m rchant marine , forests , hunting , fisheries and crops. TO BEAUTIFY THE SEINE. The minister of public works proposes to put the banks of the Seine In order down from the Hrldge of the Invalldts. This plan Includes the erection of projecting buildings the Isngth of the river between the lines of great trees and the sheet of water. No two will be alike In form , and the reflection of their picturesque facades In the rhcr In the ilajtlmo and of th-lr 'brilliant ' illumination at night Is expected to furnish a scene of fairy grandeur. Superimposed walks will enable \leltora to enjoy the beautiful sight , and thus a superb setting for Venetian fetes will result. All the colonial expositions will bo In stalled In the Trocadero of the Champs de Mars. The building to be devoted to ogrl culture , mines and metallurgy , chemistry , transportation , electricity , clothing , foods , civil engineering and the like will also be located here. Two series of palaces , on the same general principle , each group , nevertheless , having different characteristics for the sake of va riety , and arranged according to gradation , will be built along Suffren and La Dour donnals avenues. They will culminate at an Immense 'vater castle with cascades , aim also at the Palace of Industry. These bulldtngi ! will bo arranged In a manner to heighten , byon effect of per spective , the apparent depth of the park , which they will envelop and which will rise by a gradual ascent from the Quay d'Orsay toward the Ecole Mllltolre. Over all the circumference of the garden will be de\ eloped a series of terraces , from the top of which will be afforded a panorama rama of the Champs de Mars and the Troca- dero. The Electricity building will bo a palace of resplendent glass and will be so brilliantly Illuminated at night that It will look like a gigantic beacon of light. The Machinery building of 18S9 vlll he preserved , though its form will be jomewhal modified , as aUo the use to which It will be put. In the center will be Installed a great meeting hall , of which the palare ( if elec tricity will constitute the brilliant Vistibulo and the two Mings of which will ncreen the group of agriculture. EIFFEL TOWER TO STAY. The famous Eiffel tower will ulso bo re tained , but beyond this the commit.a has not yet arrived at any decision. It will un doubtedly bo added to In many particulars with the view of making it a Htlll greater wonder than it already is. The committee that drew up the plan has given asurances that the means of com munication between the north and south ol Paris by the A\enue d'Autln , the Ilridge oi the Invalldes and the Latour-Maubourt , boule\ard , as also by the Alrna bridge am the avenues that converge there en botl sides of the Seine , will be maintained with out any obstacle. Care will also . o taken to preserve the approaches to property ci the Cours-do-la-Ilelne from ( he Quay du Hilly to the Quay d'Orsay. A , jittagti for pedestrians will probably be oitabllnhuJ. en the Esplanade of the Invalids , bat some changes In tramway routes , tipcially from the Louvre to Saint Cloud sit'l to Sevres will bo necessary. Traffic within the. exposition roucls w | | be amply cared for by an ekc'ric and numerous other means by u > il"i torn fort and rapidity will be ensured The facilities in thlir respect propsiid aie for an attendanca that oven the mou t jii | n n of the projoclora does tlot really expect. In all , the plan preaupposes an mmenilty and grandeur that will make the exposition far superior to any that has -Vir Ix-en 1'tli anywhere. The underlying purpose h ? been and la , to overtop the Chicago World's fal Children Cry for Pitcher's Castoria. Children Cry fo Pitcher's Castoria. Children Cry fos Etcher's Castoria. ren moro ( hot that great achievement th reatest up to Its tlme--ovcrloppiil the Perls xpoiltlon of ISO. 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