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About The Red Cloud chief. (Red Cloud, Webster Co., Neb.) 1873-1923 | View Entire Issue (April 2, 1914)
RED CLOUD, NEBRASKA, CHIEF fr V I; ti n Bl wry i I ! JTI t,f . fe CfiAKMDISKDAr r jhv 4 ISABEL CLARK P3 T wna by way of Phlllppovllle, ono ot tlio brightest of tho smaller Algerian ports, that I Journeyed to Biskra, and pnsHod through, for tho first tlmo, tho beautiful landscnpo of tho North African Toll. It was In December, but i thorn wns Uttlo to suggcBt winter In tho scono that met my eyes. Tho trnctB of forest, filled with cork, llox and ollvo trees and thick hushes of arbutus, wcro colored tondorly In shnden of softest green nnd gray, and tho endless orchards ot orango and citron trees were hung with bright fruits. Great blue stars of convolvulus decorated the hedge rows and twined ovor tho porches of tho Uttlo French homesteads. Ovorheatl, tho sky was of cloudless supphlro and tho mountains wore sharply etched against It. It was only when I passed tho wldo vineyards, empty except for tlui stunted brown stotiiB, that I could realize It was December, lloyond Constantino, upon tho high plateaus that make a well-defined rldgo between tho green and fertile strip of the plains and tho ondlcss waste of desort to tho south, an arid, rocky land presents Itself. Scant and grudging U tho pasturngo offered to tho (locks that move ceaselessly across the IiIIIb. Thin nnd meager are tha crops grown upon that land so pntlently plowed. Iloro and thcro a chott, or salt lake, clear as crystal, gleamed like a shield of polished steel, reflecting every detail of tho mountains with faithful exactitude. Hero, too. may bo Been tha Kroen, serubllko growth of tho nlfa grass, so much exported to England, where It Is used In the pro duction of highly glaed paper. So fnr It bus re sisted nil tho efforts that havo been made to culti vate It. Eatly In tho afternoon tho t?nln dipped down suddenly Into tho oasis ot El Kantara, known to the Arabs as Foum-ol-Snhura tho Mouth of tho Sahara. It Is a plnco of palm trees nnd orange groves, watered by" sweet springs, nnd possessing strnngo old Itomnn tombs und delicate fragments of Iloman architecture. Hut tho great ' marvel of El Kantara lies In that deep and narrow gorge whero tho litigo violet Bides of DJebl Metllll, rlvon asunder as If by tho mighty stroko of an nx, dlscloso that abrupt and wonderful cutruneo In to the Sahara. At Its narrowest tho rent Is about 40 yards wldo and tho length Is 300 yards Prom tho verdant and palm-clad beauty of tho oasis tho traveler gazes through that ront torn In tbo high rocks, and ees before him tho II Hmltnblo whlto expanse of desert, sllvor palo and Bhlnlng as If cucrustod with gems. A Uttlo wind came up from tho south, blowing the flno whlto sand Into my foco, re winding mo of tho dosolato solitudes that lay bu yond, tho ondlesB empty sands dipping far south ward. Groves of dato palms grow closo to tho river bank, and hedges of wild oloandor still showed a fow belated blossoms of fragllo pink. It Is thus almost dramatically that one onterB the desert from tho stony alfa-strown wayB of tho high platoaUB. No longer needed now woro the fur coats and foot-warmers that had been so neces sary nt tho hour of our early doparturo from Con- stnntlne. We soomod to havo passed suddenly Into a sub-tropicul land quivering In tho burning sunlight. i It Is tho fashion to say ot Hlskra that she has been spoilt sinco "Tho Garden of Allah" awakened the world to her hidden beauty, mado her popular to tho hordes ot Cook's tourists and gave a fresh Impetus to the loafing profession of guide, which the Arab Is always only too ready to adopt. Ho Is, Indeed, somewhat more ot a pest than ho used to be; he knows that ho has been written about and perhaps presented In too flattering nn aspect, and It has made him conceited and solf-conscious. But he Is really no worse at Hlskra than he Is tu Tunis. Immense and luxurious hotels have sprung up to supersede the simpler caravanserais of for mer days, when tho Uttlo town was a favorite but quite unfashlonablo resort of French people in search of simplicity und sunshine. Hut 1 am In clined to think that Hlskra Is unspollablo. "Tho Heart ot the Desert," as tho Arabs affectionately call her, she was the Ad Plsclnnm ot tho Romans, and tho famous Third Legion sojourned in that wonderful and fortllo oasis which can now bo reached on tho fifth day after leaving London. "Two things aro necessary," says Stevenson, "In any neighborhood whero wo proposo to spend a life a desort and naming wuter." Hlskra pos sesses thoso essentials In abundance, and sho has tho additional advantago of constant, nlmoBt per potual, sunshine. Her palm und ollvo and orango (roves aro watered by springs that havo never failed. Close to her so closo, Indeed, that she almost seems to mock at Its parched Infertility lies the whlto splendor of tho desert with Its pallor aB of a calm sen faintly touched with bluo haze. Tho moonllght-colorod city with its blanched stroots lies surrounded by a frlngo ot perpetual verdure. Watch tho dawn waking lrls-hued In tbo astern sky, painting tho Aures mountains to a dooper roso and drawing a flltny amber veil aciosa tho sands, and I think you will agreo with mo that Biskra Is unspollablo. There aro many simple sights that cannot fall to interest tho' unaccustomed visitor from tho North, on account of tholr novelty. Tho Arab chool, with the bright-eyed, iuattontlvo little tur banod or befezzed scholars, listlessly reciting vomes from tho Koran, under tho aegis of tho tolba, or schoolmaster; the market-place, teem ing with native vendors, story-tollers and sand dlvlnors; tho groups ot picturesque Arabs wrapped in their whlto burnouseB or shabby gray lialcks; tho caravans arriving almost dally irom tho south with their loads of dates; tho swaying palanquins within which tho women travol on tho camels' backs, hidden and mysterious; tho lino gardon of Count Landon, with Us lovoly tropical trees and flowers; tho village- ot Old Bickrn, with -Its clay-built huts swarming with dark-eyod chil drenthese nro but a fow of tho picturesque, quaint or beautiful things that Hlskra offors to the vUltor. Tho nomad camps, too, aro a sourco of interest with tholr touts of cnmolhalr cloth, guarded often by a whlto Kabylo dog. Tho nomad V HOW TO KILL CHICKEN ILLU8TRATION8 8HOW MANNER OF GRA8PINQ FOWL. Co -. V m P jKBBtLMmtm -tm- -P-B-----B-V-f--- - -'C-HB---B------Bl-H----K T'",-T. . j k. KV j- ' WA MOTBr TT. " ' -V . . . ... - 1, (vs&PAftffnr cou3-cor& yzZMX rMijmmm& & U II aai afTi l - rlHiMaaB OS '' iamTiiMT i :.' mmmmmzmm.izj i iw , i ''i BBMaWaBalBBEJ'-TsWi WW ' ' W Wlv: vy;?avi i I c3'MJi -If-Hf . OffiS " Vm&&f&8 External V.ewof ifJif 4W fi!.iwirp4l--a8rfc ' mm wm M9- - a'fx. t t r j Svii j IhlSwmi-' iBSx'&K.y psksscs't- 'i mt&7r Ik -fE KM&W WW fMV of Veins. nent Aside from asitmSSlriPmTi y, -v ' -" M-i?$$Jg$m J I ancs of Incompletely bled chickens, " ,-jfCSaagggijb. w ???S.flSflsW' y . I their keenlnc tironertles aro very in- --aJmrSSmvimMBi&mffi . -g -?jgggJKI forlor. Tho flesh loses Ua lirmnesa Bar XtKixWtttJmuSm'-. mtOiKKttgmM' "MBtAssSMWy DCf,JYliZfi A ,,-. un t.nr u nni nn i-nnd- Mm aju. .jtj?ijyri.m?Kff.iimEmimwm wmamnmmKxta o'bp nrnr-rri iirm i ftrtiisfin r u.w..w. , . ....,,,. ..-. - -., g il "ilfcf jPTtgliBMWVJ r t i B ?lftWlr 'f tflfeJ'? a vs'fV jJ9r laiiiiiii v. " j-TT"t-"'iSi ttaW'ww'' Mnm m lth IfWi r,-mmy'-ii&if:i Awmm. m izz,xz Xm&i CataiJaaaaaaaaiHBaaKVsH73 ' a2at laaf iHrMtit vwd Jfm I f I wiii re- WM"V rHHBPMBjjH vxctj IjjaWT UMHiwrfrrr 1 frf 'ff ' " ' laiiMf I Hi I i WHt rf Ifwc of vMMtairiiMMMiiiksaBfiaEtBfeMi-i s . "v . "",':". iilJI.riiinMl II I V. I Thirty Per Cent of Poultry on New York Market la Incompletely Bled, Resulting In Lost of 2 to 5 Cents Per Pound. (Prepared by the United States Depart ment of Agriculture.) "Grasp tho chicken, when killing, by tho bony part of tho skull. Do not let hoflngoratouch tho nt-ck. Mnko a small cut with a small, sharp-pointed knlfo on tho right sldo of tho root ot tho chickon's mouth, Just whero tho bones of tho skull end. 13 rain for dry picking by thrusting tho knlfo through tho groove which runs along the mid dlo lino of the roof of tho mouth un til It touches tho skull midway be tween tho eyes. Uso a knlfo which Is not more than two IncheB long, one fourth Inch wide, with n thin, flat hnndle, n sharp point nnd n straight cutting edge." The nbovo in structions on tho proper methods of killing poultry wero IsHued by tho department of agriculture. At least SO per cent, of nil the poultry coming Into the New York market la Incompletely bled. Much of It Is ho badly bled that it results In a loss of from 2 to 5 cents a pound, as compared with the corresponding poultry which Is well bled and in con of the chicken's mouth Is a guide toi tho position of the blood vessel whlchl it is desirable to cut, this point belngj behind and to the left of tho end ot tho groove when tho chicken is held head down and with tho lowor sldo of the head uppermost. Tho direction and position of the cut which Is to sevor tho veins Is shown In flguro 2 to be on tho left side ot tho chickon's head when In tho position Just do crlbed. It will be observed that Just In front of tho lino which Indicates'' tho point at which these veins aro to bo cut they divide into two small branches, the course of which Is not furthor shown. This Is becauBO thoy vory soon paes through small holes in tho Location of Cuts In Mouths of Dadly Died Chickens (Lower Jaw Removed.) bono nnd go into tho insldo of tho skull, and Into tho deep tissue, whero they are qulto safo from tho killer's knife. If theso largo vcIiib are to bo severed, tho cut must bo mado far enough back to reach them beforo they penetrate tho bones of tho skull. On tho other hand, if tho cut Is mado too far back and over tho eiigo ot tho skull, as is shown In connection with the illustration, much of tho certainly gives a very practical exam of tho simple lifo, for his needs are duced to a minimum. Food, shelter and clothing of tho rudest kind are all that he requires as ho wanders from desert tell with his flocks. Like the bishop Hrowulng's poem, ho seems only to ask that "That hutch should rustle with iufllclent straw," but he la nevertheless said to suffer greatly from rheumatism caused by In cessant exposure to all weathers, and al&o from ophthalmia, which Is a real scourgo among tho nntlvoB of Algeria, and results all too frequently In completo blindness. About a week or ten days beforo ChrlBtmas the "courses Indigenes," or native race meeting, takes placo at Hlskiu. This meeting Is, of course, much less popular than the fnshlonablo ono which is held In the spring, but a good number of French people alwuys attend It. There Ib a superstition In Hlskra that this particular week is always the windiest In the year, nnd certainly, on tho soil tary occasion of which 1 have had experience, tho reputation was Justified. Even in the shelter of tho stand wo were thickly powdered with fine whlto sand that was blown In upon us by tho high, strong wind. Wo drovo out to tho course in one of tho shaky Uttlo carriages drawn by two swift ponies, which can bo hired so cheaply In tho town The Illppodromo d'El Alia was thronged with people, French for tho most part, with a sprinkling of English nnd Gormnns, and same native Katds gorgeously appareled. Tho flist part, "Courses du MInlBtere do la guerro," consisted only of two eents, tho distance In each case being 1,600 uietors, In tho second part, "Courses de la Com mune Indigene" there wero three events, and tho longest distnuco run was 2,400 meters, this rnco bolng open to horses of nil ages. Tho horses bore such names as Houcouclut, Lamarl, Sulah and Mabrouk, whllo the Jockoys tlguro on tho pro gram under such nomenclature us Messaoud-den-Chebha, Holgncom-beu-Mohamcd and so forth. The courso is of hard, white sand, upon which tho fly ing hoofs beat with a noise like thunder. The streaming burnouses of tho Arab Jockeys red and whlto and bluo of all shades made patches of brilliant color. There wero no rows of laucous-volced bookmakers shouting tho odds; but as the , Arabs are lnvoterato gamblers, no doubt a good deal of quiet betting wont on. Among tho spectators were many French officers, wearing tho palo bluo tunic of tho famous Chnsaeurs d'Afrlquo. Most ot thorn wero combin ing business with pleasure, for the Arabs from all parts ot thu desert bring their best horses to competo In tho races, and theso nro frequently bought for tho remount department ot tho African cavalry. Every effort is being mado by the French government to encourage horso-brcedlng among tho Arabs. , Closo to tho giand stand somo ot the harem carrlagos, with their shuttered windows, could bo seen wherein tho Arab ladles of quality woro sit ting, concealed, catching Imperfect glimpses ot the races and also of what probnbly Interested them far more tho toilettes of tho Fronch wom en. A group ot Spahls, In their bright red burnouses and high red boots, added to the plc- turesquoness of tho gay sceuo. When tho races woro over wo were luvltpd to mount up Into tho Judge's box to witness tho fnntnsia. This was a thrilling and rather dramatic flunlo to the day's proceedings, v Tho men of each gouin, or trlbo, rodo past, head ed by tholr kald, or chief, galloping In rapid sue- wrcnzTTG' z?n? tzztF cession down that hard, whlto course, waving their sword and firing their guns bb they went. Tho very smell of powder never falls to fill tho Arab with maddest excitement, and tho fantasia had all tho appearance of a fierce cavalry charge. I retained an impression, vivid if fugitive, ot kaleidoscopic colors passing Bwiftly by, blurred by the blue mist of the Bmoke mingling with the thick, white desert dust Tho noiso ot tho firing, of the beating hoofa nnd of tho wild cheering of tho multitude of spectators, the sight of the many colored burnouses and tho bronv.o faces under their white turbans, loft a confused sense upon my mind as of something strange and fantastic, almost unreal. Driving home, wo saw the bun setting behind the groveB of palms In a sky that was colored like a pomegranate blossom, with u glow that turned the very sands to flame. DJebl Ahmar Kraddou, tallest peak of tho Aures mountains, caught the reflection of It nnd shone as with rose colored lire. The palm fronds wero boftly bten died against tho sky Then the swift, sudden twl light of' the South drew Its delicate purple veil over the scene. Strango musie stole out of tho Hllences, the faint flute notes, liquid and tender, of tho gnzbah, tho dull throbbing of tom-tom und derbouka. The moon lose oer the whlto clt of the desert nnd, touched by Us matchlcsH radiance, tho streets looked as If they had been wiought of gleaming mnrblo; the cold Indigo shadows flung by tho Iioubob were sharply defined. And surely nowhere in tho world can ono see a wider expanse of sky, filled from end to end with dusters of golden sturs, than that which hangs Its canopy, velvet-soft, nbovo tho Heart of the Desert. nead ana ncck, .. oo ,. ,,. blood will settle In tho looso tissuo Rhnuu nn Pncltlnn "- . uv,,.. w . . . . . t I or tno necK msteau or running out ot the mouth, thereby clogging the ves sels nnd preventing completo bleed ing, as well as making unsightly dlB colored ureas In tho neck near tho head. Dclow is shown tho position of a chicken ready for killing and held by tho feet In a U-shaped shackle. No tice that tho thumb of tho killer le pressed flrmly down on tho head Just below and behind tho ear in tho spaco to which attention was called when discussing the bones ot tho skull. Here, too, Is tho hinge ot tho Jaw. Pressure of tho thumb on ono sldo of this portion of tho skull rmd on tho other tddo at tho samo place with tho forefinger, or with tho forefinger and second linger, will result in opening the chicken's mouth, and holding it open whllo tho operator makoB tho cut to bleed. Held in such fashion, there is nothing to obstruct tho blood vessels, thereby preventing tho blood from escaping even though theso ves sels bo cut. Tho position of tho knlfo In the mouth, which is shown by tho dotted line, needs no further explanation. Tho knlfo Itself, however, Is very differ ent from that ordinarily used in tho bleeding of chickens. Tho knlfo in common uso Is much too large, both, too long nnd too broad for tho most successful work. Ineffectual cutting, duo to a lack of knowiedgo of tho structure ot tho chicken's nock and head, tho uso of force rather than skill on the part of tho operator, and a knlfo ill adapted to tho work which it has to do is illus trated by tho cut above, which, shows Lower Jaw of Fowl Removed (A). odor of stalo flesh and finally of pu trefaction comes sooner; and in every way tho product Ib more perishable. A very largo proportion of tho un sightly poultry In our markets asldo from tho rubbing and tearing of tho skins, Is caused by an incomploto re moval of tho blood. This is evidenced by red dots which frequently occur whero tho feathers have been removed, especially over tho thighs and wings, or by the email veins which aro seen over tho breast and in the angles of the wings, or larger veins, which mar tho appearance of the neck. Two sketches of a chicken's head aro here shown from which tho lowor law has bcou removed. Tho lower Jaw of tho chicken is much longer than tho beak. It runs back to a point Juet below tho ear, whero tho hinged Joint can bo felt. Tho skin which make3 tho corner of the mouth and limits tho length of tho beak ends is indi cated In tho anatomical drawing .72 r-- I SLANGY PA. Mother Now, Willie, put away those drum sticks. Don't ou know our father has a head acho? " Willie Hut, ma, when 1 was going into tho par lor with my drum ho told mo to beat it." Hostoq Evening Transcript. DOING HER BEST. "Does your wife run to meet you when you come home In the gloumlng?" "Well, her gown 1 a trlflo tight for running. Sho hobbles toward mo as rapidly as she can." , THE LONGER THE BETTER. "I took a long walk yesterday," said Coroman, as ho collapaod lntoa sent at DuBymnn's desk. "Take another, old man," suggested Busyman; "It'll do us both good." Puck. - : -1 1 y i - cur "77vW j OF JAW :'W$ .. WO iffifritKW I ' ' nostril -icrf tSaOvW 1 n WSSA n s t, i WHICH IS UNGENEROUS. Dlx I always keep my troublo to myself. Dlx Quito right, too! When you toll them you aro taking up the tlmo of tho man who is waiting to tell you hli. Showing Angle of Jaw (B). marked "A." Tho skin and lowor Jaw havo been cut away in order that jtbo position of the volns which Ho far back of the root ot tho mouth and Just below its surface may bo seen. Tho groove which occurs in tho root Correct Grasp of Head at Anglo of Jaw and Position of Small Knife When Cutting Vein. Bomo of tho most common types ot cuts In badly bled chickens. A study of theso Illustrations indicates very plainly why theso chickens aro badly bled. Tho lower Jaws from theso heads woro removed bo that tho position of tho cuts could bo noted. Head A has had two cuts. Ono has run parallol with tho connection between tho two veins and very closo to it but has not cut it, and another has run from tho anglo ot tho mouth too closo to tho point whero the blood vessel on tho loft sldo of tho head breaks into tho two smaller vessels and penetrates tho bones ot tho skull. The only ves sels which wero cut in this chicken woro tho small superficial velnB sup plying tho root of the mouth and from which tho bleeding amounted to al most nothing. Head B shows a cut in tbo right direction but it did not go quite far enough back to reach tho veins nt their Junction. Head A, in tho cut shows tho cross cut which ie advocated by so many killers. la this caso it was made too far front Both ot tho largo veins escaped and only tho small vessols of tho roof of tho mouth wero disturbed. "B" is a good Illustration of indiscriminate cut ting by a badly directed knlfo, which In all probability was far too largo, sinco tho uppor cut extends all tho way across tho roof ot tho chicken's mouth and almost as far front as tho beak. Another cut which partly fol lows tho groove In tho roof of tho mouth would indicate that tho klllor had tried to mako a cross cuL y liil. .'. i--. .i ,.y.,. it , .Uiii'n. . .i,!!..,... ktA'nt-'t m .'iw. ii mi n T5W i " ?1 1 . -A .
