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About Tägliche Omaha Tribüne. (Omaha, Nebr.) 1912-1926 | View Entire Issue (March 12, 1915)
Moutrnlitv Aiul Public Opinion. AiMff m I; Mori. CMAnLro MAOff., Utmtf fWrM.Vf ,t, Cortimrr ffN't tfififjp i(Mhf in A'tfif. nitf?ti'fi ff fr?, last Utf-r.t umff fh Aulff N? Ht tl,iirr 0MH-Mff us H,. t. ' ,5 t .'" f f f I i t , I '' 1 ! f i t 1 i .- ! ., I ' i ! 'n ( i i I r 1 .' V I I : l n f : ! ! . t I. n-! i f f i t f-H I ' ! 1 1 1 5. . j , t. . ., ; ! f ... t- r 'j t'f S, 1' f I ."!.-!? 1 i 1 , I V f- , : f li ' 1 'I V S 1 . 1 ' , .( , , ,,,,, , I ij (..- 1t f '! h i I ! f t , " I lr I I '" f -- I .,, , ' I 1 I t !, ll" t i i !- .t !! ! ' !. :;! f 1 1 1 t V I !, i ' r I Vi t . f ''s ' - - 1 r s U" j jr. , ' lir j I ' tt nM Um ( !" ' ' i' i , f 1' nf lm tu ' ' i l' Mir j (1'iiH IllC't.lfli-fU l I ; W !! in ! " ' fi.il !' f"'H ti ,t-i,ltl ! I , 1 .i ihn J Ui'. . i U ! ,K "l:e rt t'l !? . ,! ,1 '!.!' in !, J" ! ii- i'tti.l cruf irrmn1 ') fi'rtt.tm !' r lirtr ik"iKI t' lf fi'-o -:hrr c- im , si'l, in (:! fc ';'' 1 1, II. (n'iitijti m.y tinu'i l (.v i! ie In xltur. lit Ihr (otlticj siftj t'il -f'ifiiirftf I , l-nn iMit;ii.rly mh -vimHi !, 1t i if !n .i ,iy .r inii!tiil ii'isiti'iin have N l ln r: rt rrf ntci ) htm wi'li ny ilf rffe o( (rn,;i nrv l'.yt lh.it I tiatuiül ani! norinal, ti ai wi i hat in ; ittit t. in f.( l' iur l'h firiR'ii krpt niilmi !,! f!nrie 's ths reprrf niativf nf ,,, jm-oj I who ini!,! tc rxprctf'l t hnvp sie l ettcr u I, s,I,n,!m f tht" ituii tution. I!uf whrn w( citunlor i'tir country pari fn in !ic tru tly tmlit ieal pliasf. and imlulc thi' tmlustria! and ocial, it nuit bc nl that the Oerman branrh o( Mir cme iikhip ha done in sharc. 1 know it 'h rustom ary to point to the cnntributirins of (krman sricnrc and art and Jiwsic and learning. I!ut Ict us look for once in another directiun. . When, for illustratirm, wt ask whn dnrs the farminK, it will not be dinicd that foremost ainonjj the real tilb'rs of the soil arc the Gcrman. ttic Bo hemian, the Swede, the NorweKian, the Pole and the Itafian. If we ask aüout the composition if our pcople, we will find tlwt the Enlish, the Scotch and the Iris.li sturk do not represent . substantially morc than fjfty per cent of the population cf this country. These are facts, and we oiißht to congratuiate ourselves that they have not. been mane rnore prominent in the consideration of our questions than Jias betn the case. Evcry contribu tion has been made to the common inalRamation, which, in my judpment, is so complcte that there should bc no room for the ternis that we hear bandied about, which are perhap8 not intended to mean as nnich as they seem, but which, in my opinion, are to be avoided. Our sympathy we cannot deny. For many it nuist be dimcult to restram it withtn the consines of patriotism. But we who glory in an independent citizenship must be careful that no word and no conduct may tend to commit our country to a false Posi tion. We must keep in mind a dis tinction between sympathy ior' a par ticular bcllij?erent, or en an opinion about the right and ;wrong oi the war, and the Position which we ask our Government to take as a neutral country. In ny opinion there should be in our citizenship no German- Amerieans, no Insh-Aniencans, no Italian-Americans, and no Endish Aincricans. The use of the hyphen as I see it really defeats the very idea for which we stand. And I say this fully appt'eciatintr that there are Lnghsh sympathizers who might well cmfjov the hyphen to identify them itlvea as Americans. There is just eine platform upon which all the prin ciples and traditions of all the races her represented must be assembled, änd frora which must be announced every rule for our Ruidance. That is the platform of the United States. But, Standing upon it, every citizen lias the right to ask questtons of him- sfif and of others; and he may even he under the Obligation to express bis convictions as they com to him, upon every probiern of Moment to this na tion. I know that it has been said that the foreign war does not concern jts. ICminent authority in our nation has made that Statement. How monstrous a proposition! The forcipn war con rerns us, not only now in the most material sense; but the consequences of that war, no matter what the re sult may he, will be of vast siniii t ance to this nation for years to cotne. The mere cutting- of communication between Germany and Austria and this country has brought anguish and sorrow to homes here and there, has "deprived people here of the privilege of communication, and of the right to give Support ofttimes to those dcar eit and ncarest. to them. So pro foundly are we interestcd in this means of communication, that its de struction may well present the queg tioH f our r!ht to protest, and how the Situation is to be remedied. Civil Ir.eA peoples are sq closcly related today that the consequence of such a war cannot be escaped by us, priv ately or ossicially, Lome of the questtons forced upon u are of public rnonient, and concern the Government. As to them we have a riit to ask how they are dealt wilh, and how they are an fcwered; and whether they are con gidered with that deree of impar- ,-tia!ity, judment and firmness, which the unitcd citizenship of this r country ha the right to exnect. ; For Illustration: It is urged that the United States should. not permit the salc of arms and ammunition to bei li'crerits, and that contention has t I .. ',.'' I . r-f ' m t 'f 4 ' t " ? f F : . , i li '4 ,.'! " , I " ! ". truttn , 1 ' f m 1 y I! (f I I I ll'fll "' I A üir'Jl! , i ' 'tirt .(;.- ( I t U l 1 I r "I r i:H'H i ' f V ' " t.t ! " f f ft-.l , .1,, r v, , W ,' I t Ii l I I 111"? t i 1 f ; t t i' , ' st ' ' iiii' ; r ni. f ,1 1 !! r I, t -. t I p , ., I . " 11" t 1 '!! I. 1 : ' K 1 It ui-t I e ! 1 ! Atl-'flt ! It 1, ' !!.. l' t !i I ,',4 ; . iji ii! irni.-ti it, r ill'i'j t-i in i" i'"i' ' i in-n i-d ,,,-, i-.. ,,!,,, , ,I, ,,I" i",vf ill II, r , . 'II,,,, !,,,,,, 1 .y jr t: o in--tMp, m' tr in'--,i,Tn 1 , im um) ira'!'1 v 1 t.nue? Willi rr. t In thi (.',!, 1,1.1, an. 'N-I" Cvtr.,',y wi'h tftpfv . Mt - , ff w ycii n trl I ffw yrau ntri at tl fd rrt'-hi' i' .1 iiirli ,,,!li,i,!,,' ,1 (he!finf ,iy !,,'! not 11,1 (.ther. n 1 itiii'ii iit i 1 die l iiittil ; W.c to jre vrnt lUe f x ,'t!,i!nm es i-n, to na-ti-iii, ein thu ('uns itn-nt. 'Hut iitlinr i'y w.i iturd, and arm wrre i,,t in,, purlrd for .1 t,r. I are rc'.ly ai iiliritrui a!rut prac oti ho otbrr i'lc oi the ociaii a we apprr ti Ie hat i thrre to prevrnt ui irmn ex!, dir. that rcsulut um ? That 111 in y opiumn, m the wnlit ,,f the! aruient ainHt the tale nt arm. 1 1 s true inat ine tue ot tue i rr sulent s authority is pursuance of that resolu tion has iiinewliat obsctircd nur Po sition. We did aftrrwards aüow the export of arms and ammunition to hclp a particulap sid 111 the Mexican cotitroversy; and we did hinder a Gcrman ship front deliverinjj arms and ammunition at a particular point to the other side. But that circum stance might be used to show the danger of . playinzz favorites, and to accentuate the necessity for extreme circttmspectioii in our attitude now. In any event this much is true. Our Position as a Promoter of peace will tjot be jud,'''d by hih-soundin trea,tics, platforms and political Speeches, but by the promptness with which we cast our moral declaration with- legislative form. Auain, we have a shipninir bill. which presents the question whether we have the right to buy merchant- men that are tntcrned in our harbors Personally, I am opposed to this bill; becausc i should regret to have s seeming emergency used as the in duceineiU for the adoption of a doI itical poücy which, to my mind, con stitutes a radical departure from ac- ceptcd pnnciple, and which invites the sirst step towards government ownership of large enterprises. But the further doubt has been suggested and is now urged, that we might give offense to one of the belliger ents it we bought such shios. I can not follow that argument. If we have a right to seil ammunition to Eng land, we must have a right to buy ships trom uermany. 1 am told, and rcad in the press, that it has been ossicially said that no objection is made to the purchase by us of Gcr man ships, provided those ships are used in South American Commerce. That argument I cannot follow. We either have a right to buy those ships, or we have not; and it must not be lest to any foreien country to say how we skall employ those ships, or where we shall carry our commerce. The uncertainty of the objection to such a purchase is well illustratcd by the varving grounds that have been assigned. Originally it was said that Ureat ISritain might take exception to the fact that a purchase of German ships by us would result in a material monetary Support to her cnemy. Now we are told that these interned shios might be converted into armed men- ot-war. i'robably these obiections are readily disposed of. In the first instance, the validity of a purchase for cash from Germany must depend en- tirely upon the character of the Sub ject purchased. So far as the ships the Subject ot the purchase are con cerned, they are not armed at the present time, but are merchantmen pure and simple; and, further, they are merchantmen upon whom we have, in the absence of a merchant marine of our own, denended in a very large measure as our carriers, in the pursuit of our legitimate business with foreign countries. The only argument. therefore. which, in my opinion, is deserving of serious attention, is the one that these ships in their present condition are Subject to capture by the allies; and of this question the utniost that can be said it that it is undetermined. Ac- cepting it as such, it is for us to de cide whether it is our purpose to permit every doubtful question in vhose answer we are interestcd. to be settlcd for us by another power, in aecordance with the dictates of her immediate necessities. Or whether we will for ourselves enquire into the rule of reason of the particular case, and, having reached our own conclu sion, will stand for our decision. What is the reason of the case? To repeat, these , merchantmen constitute in large part our reliance for carrying our trade between friendly ports. They are not, now prepared for war. They are in o sense to be likened to men-cf-war bullt in neutral ports, and there transferred to a belligerent to be employed upon the high seas. The change of ownership in our case would involve nothing niore that the employ ment of these ships in the same bus- ! - ilt 4 ji. t ' , ! I ; ni' n ( - 1 ! I ()". t'i- n t 1 1 i- I ! r ü t , ;t ' ! I, ,! f i 1.1 1 I 1 : ' f f .! " J 1 i. 's il I! r " i '! , I t I ! l.y ' ,' M !r .1 i ! vi '.-ii it ! M... tn-.in n t It f. tm-fo-l ..( r 1 t , .,.. ir I 1 f t- .. ,., ' (iiif'n t'.-Mil I, 11 !(. i, ..M ,. !.-i:i-n 1 ,,-,!,' ,,,d ,,, - !.,,, ! iii-i-n '.hr c t t-, in 1 ! i il. n. f 1 ftMi'f 1 f ''! t.iti f.ti.frl fjt ;r ii-n II trt r f in 11- !, hi ,,!, 1 jltvc hrjf.! it ,,, ,!-,yn i tut n,',..t-'t,!y d Is, n, It .r-l ) tll !,!, s k IV pul. I ful t- f hv lh uruumriif ,1" ,1,1.! It ,,, iiuy 111 thi fj-e waiil tu rfntult oiir tl intrry t, tilhi'i ha (l -nc ; iid, in my jii'lxnir nt, r liave a rinht tu mi't !"N lif.t of Iicr K oi sul tianuaiiy a, it sih-i rtlrf e tlie v..ir tva di'c!,irrl. Vhi!e l jiii not a hf- hevtr in our ability to tirrni.tnrtitlv build up tmr trade upon the inisfur- tuiin of olhir couiilries. wc have r,I,I to takr dvanlae of thr 1,-iti. matt rondition that have ariüfti; and we must t Irast have he privilcge to seil to any nation v.uli vliotn we are not at war any goods that were not commonly reengnized as cmitra- hand by international rule. Bclliucr ents may bc permittrd to modify In ternational Law nt so tar as these modifications affect only the immed iate contestants. It is quite another thing to have either belligerent by declaration or conduct deprive a neu tral of established rights. More than that. Great B ritain has exteuded the right of blockade. She secures the effect of an actual block ade of Gcrman ports, by withdrawing ner ne to tne ftortn bea, per- haps even to the western coast ot England, and by taking neutral ships into her ports upon mere suspicion, without any such wcll-desined grounds as have heretotore been recogmzed. Her trials in her Prize Courts, and her ultimate purchase of cargoes, allord no relicf, because her Kourse nccessarily results in the discourage ment and destruction of our com merce. These are questions that present themselves to us as citizens; and we watch the answers that are mad be causc we are interestcd in thdevel opment of international law and rules as they are now being formulated. We have an Illustration. There is a ship which has been purchased by a citizen of the U. S. and our Government has decidcd that bis purchase is proper and ; t;ru,lar. That ship has a cargo conf'.ssed!y . not within any Interpretation of the contrabrand list. In other words, by every rule of in ternational law, and by the decision which our Government has deliber atcly made, as I tmderstand it, this ship has a right to carry that cargo to a neutral port. We are told that this ship will be seized because the salc is questioned. What are we going to do about it? Two extreme mcasures are possime. rernaps a man-of-war might go with that ship, with the announcement that whoever seized one would have to sink the other. Or we might wait to have sometlung turn up, and content our selves with insuring the cargo for the time being. Une Course is as surc to invite trouble as the other. In my judgment there is a middle Course. There might be a Sccretary of State who would declare in un- equivocal language that we had de termined that this ship has a right to go, and that she will go. In such an event we would not need a man af-war, because the right to(the cargo are conccacci, ana tne quesiion 01 ine ship' bona fide sale has been decidcd by us. We are not interestcd in dis puted questions to be brought into moot courts. The delay of diplomatic correspondence is well calctilated to serve the same purpose as seizing the shin itself. Protracted discussions nean no foreign commerce for us dur- mg this war. If we yield, the result wjpuld be a solemn declaration of the right of our manufacturers to seil am munition to the aljies, and , ac quiesce in the refusal to have us de liver cotton to Germany and Austria for fear that we might give offense so her enemies. In the last analysis we might be asked to admit that it is eauallv unneutral to refuse to seil ammunition to Great B ritain. and to offer to eil cotton to Germany and Austria. In any event, is, it neutral for us, without protest or enquiry, to receive and accept Great Britain's npte in which she announce that she may not continue the observance of the rule with resnect to free cargoes, be cause her enemies are guilty of bar barous conduct tn making warfare? Are we prepared to Institute compan- sons in the methods of wartare, anu to accepty this Charge as against one belligerent, and upon that to surren der our right with respect to the other? Another international question is presented; that is, with respect to the right of belligerent on neutral ships. It may be said that we are not substantially concerned, because we have no ship to speak of to be : . ! j s 1 1 .. i i , -,! . . V e ' 1 ' , ,1 , , f 1 t " ' I ( if.. It I - . Ii- , ; - I I Ii -, fl t t il Im. IT I , f I V '-st- -ü-i-it fi , .nti-r.ru r t , 'i " r 1, 1 ii "ii ! !. v it r i" t- U ' ' ri- I hy ti:- Il isnit ' ' l t - I -.! Ü'-i I !i,i,iN !!. ? Irsr t ,!, it I sie t i - i 1 ! td , 1 "ir.i-nr Iniy 111 fr bc f iiImhI'-I 1 - Ii'.,- t-iif r.ii-.i t "i an f.if":s,il li'i l'liti. 'l Iht! !t , i.ll.l fr Ais. I Itiif, tllilt w III ,y I! I b r nur 1 1 an I our 'i!n'v4iiMii 111 our II ii.v.iii-, rts't '.t -!. i'ili. 11 tu .my imIi.'ii, Il thi-re t e tu eil f..r a I!" I, Is t it the I.ir, and itriiir : "' ui4 , "'' " '"""ir " ',er. thrre a ,iu,.ati..n t" si,I. 1' Nl! n,.-!i-r,s ,-tr f.,r ,.ir.rchzii,men:'dopendt'i,ce ..f'.Sot via lirtst-It'; and that liiere i danucr "f al'use and frie;nn; and sn Imu as liiere i irietu,n liiere is (ianiier oi war; an! tlut we sliuulu be prrparnl ti meet. I reier to t!ice ritiestionn I,ecatie they are real, and because, as citizens. we are cntitled to our opinion, It may bc said that thi last question to i ttt. . t l ff , i which I have it rclerred is affected y the declaration ot London ot 1W9, in which the broad term is ein- filoyed that all citizens embodied in the army of a belligerent country may be taken elf a neutral ship, the lan guagc is nut that inen, Subject to rall or service, may be taken, but that tuen embodied in he army, may. It is to be remembered that the decla ration of London has not been ratiried by Great Britain, and has therefore not been accepted as binding by her; bitt even so, the declaration has re- ceivtd interpretation in two cases aris- n g between Italy and Turkey. In one case Italy did take Turkey's sei diers and otheers off an English ship without protest. In the other case Italy took passengers on the ground that they were enlisted inen from a French ship. she last controversy was submitted to The Ilague tribunal. and it was decidcd that Italy was right becausc some of the passengers taken were really enlisted mcn. In other words, the decision restcd upon the presence of passengers who were enlisted men. Jiut apart from that. it must be remembered .that many citizens ot Germany and Austria tak en off neutral ships were not only not embodied in either army, but were not even subject to cail or Ser vice, because they were tar beyond the years wnen army service could be contemplated I submit that! there has been no modiiieation of mtcrnational law in this respect; and if there is a principie at stake" to which we, as one of the nations, have contributed at our cost, then that principie should not be changed without protest from us. If we act otherwise, the law will, in every instance, be made without us while we are waiting. We will be told. that these questions should be submitted to tribunal for desinite set tlcment. Ordinarii y, I favor that course; hüt not when the delay is had under circumstances that must work obvious and irreparable injury to us. Submission and awards of that kind are consolations for the weak. Present insistciice upon right and jus tice in reason is a part of the strong. It should be remembered that inter national law is now in the making, and that not unlike all other law, it is the growth of conduct. If we stand helplessly by, the lcvcling pro cess will be downward. .' There are other questions, in my judgment, more difticult still and per haps more far-reaching in their con sequences, with reference to which there is great danger, that we may take partisan views and be guilty of hasty expression. For my part, I say again that I should regard it as a calainity if the difficulties and con troversies on the other side should find reflection, by friction, on this side. But the way to avoid it, is to speak promptly, dcliberately and fear lessly. I rue, our Institution are of English origin. It is not stretching a point to say that in the last analysis they are of German origin. It should be remembered that the English are not an unmixed stock, that the great mass of her people is Saxon, and that it was essentially this brauch that con stituted the early settler upon our shores, and gave direction to our in stitutions. We are not so far apart, between the United States, and Eng land and Germany and Austria. Even other couptnes might easily be in cluded, but the pressure is upon this particular point now. When England had her war with the Boers, I expressed the opinion that .the Hoers could nev.er wir,, be cause the English langn age would de feat them. They could not be un derstpod in time to make a success ful war. Even in great war public opinion is a powerful,factor. Today the English language is still the most powerful nionopoly in the civiljzed world. A beneficent mon opoly, no doubt; but in case of emer gency, capable of great abuse. That monopoly has existed for a long per iod. It has beea used to frame and I 1 . ,, I ! .'t i,.I. I ,.. jl, -.!' ' I t. ! .1; i I I - ' .t ' f I IM I ' ' 1 f I S". tr t't r- i-.r fl r-, f r- i-i In i- ! . 1-; f I - III - I - - tf. ... A I t I ,t 1 1 1 ' t I -. t I 1 ' ,., , , r . , i M' IV 1,1 . t !.,! IHII'I 1 : ItfMll i 1,1, M , jtnd ivv that .1. 11 ,,,.,, ., ' , I, I in -I I Ii ,-I t i rlt ' f M,l':v , t 's n t 'i i II t ! .'-Ill- lll I pri nii Hin .Hit ,",e ! ! ' !. !' ' ' twri-,t.!it-e f wüe a 11 in,! I llll- 1 r in iii!i P"y'i "i. l y !,.., tfif ri'MiK ,11,1 (.-ni iiistii.-.ttf.l I, I -rn-i; .tif.lK It Hat ci.iinn'l II, Ute rarty rrpxr! . . - ' - I i " ' ',"!""! -MiHttia-iiiii-j, iry, m aktti iariiftnaie in t i- ir.ii.nt' , '.rr. a, wiiiiti tr. atf-.rd, lad xi'N so ,,tr , tr, denv ,he ii'e-.r,y n.I i. imcrprel-ilinn ha imind support here, Wli.it is the fact,1 Ai,tna dir! nut leniaiuJ to sit m jinlcment upon an.iiii renewr-d the temler and it was the wrotig-dui -rs; she did ask that'again refused. In the light of Ger a representative of her participate many's conduct will, respect to Lux- iii nie iinc.nigauon nni in ine jung - "",,. Jier rcipiest in that respect v w. war, and upon that narrow mart?in has was assiKneü as the cause of the il neen attcmptei) to lix the resoonst- biliiy of this war by a great many dnionKsi us. the surrt awaroed has even now been Let us see how it compare with'paid. other ltistances. It was claimed by Austria that such a demand as she maui: was not unusuai in simuar in - ternational COlltroversies. But we need not go back far. Only the other day the newspapers stated that Italy'sj nLiuüiiu upuii iuimj iiäu ut-cn mccjiitncs liiere scems to be a clisposition by an agreement to return an Englishjto dwell upon our Sympathie for the uiisui, anu 10 name a Commission 10 mane enquiry into.tne guiit ot the participants; and that thereunon Italv accepting these ternis, had at once landed her own Consul with instruc tions to participate in the investiga tion, and to see to it that that enquiry was brought to a prompt conclusion. The cases are precisely siniilar, with this exception, that Austria asked for the right to participate, and Italy took it. And yet there has not been an adtferse comment upon the cpnduct of Italy, in public qr in private, that has come to my attention. But let us come nearer hone. We have had controversies now and then. We went down to the Gulf of Mexico and made an attack upon a Mexican city. We killed a number of people, and lost some of our men. What was our rievance? Because somebody whom we would not recog nize would not speak to us. That was the substaiure of it. We never declared war, but we made war. Are we in a Position to pass upon the formalitics of intercourse between na tions? I speak of it because if we as a people propose to condemn the abuses of war, we should reflect upon what we ourselves have done through our Government. What did we do about Sp?,!n? One morning the country was aroused by the Information that the Maine had been blown up. When did we ask or make an investigation? Some years after the war. We came to the conclusion that some Spanish , officer, without any reason to believe that the Spanish Government knew of it. must have been instrumental in the blowing up ot the Maine. And President McKinley himself could not ston the populär demand for war upon Snain. We made that war. We took territory in consequence, ana we investigated afterwards. Ey way of comparison, we should remember that Austria-Hungary, in making her demands. even to the last offered to guarantee to Servia, and to the great powers, that the integrity of the Government and ter ritory of Servia should in all re spects be maintained. - I-urtherinore, as late as 1909 the great powers had solemnly demanded of Servia that her conduct towards Austria must be mended; that she had givcn constant occasion for unrest, a.id that the patience of Austria had been tned to the extreme. Is it to be wondeed at that in view of the past experience and the immediate tragedy, and .the unsatisfactory re sponse from Servia. Austria found it impossible to. further control pop ulär impatience, and feit compelled to resort to aggressive measures? And if she did, are we in a Position to pass judgment on her conduct? 'In this connection, is there not reason to believe that Russia exer cised practical control over Servia throughout; that some of her people were, as Austria charged, instrumental in furthering the friction on the bor der line? I it not of p'eculiar inter est now to rccall that Grey said throutrhout the efforts to nrpierve peace that he was nut interested in the Austria-Servia controversy; but if Russia entered he would become- in terestcd? And is there no reason how in the enquiry which has been made in the English Labor Organ of late why it was that Grey, appar ently solicitous for peace, exerted his iiifluence at every point except the one where it might have been effective, natnely, with Russia? Take the case of Belgiura. I know f 1 ( ! t I i 11 1 - - , f i- t -11 .-, . 1 -1- h i, t .' ' i't j . r . I't f- ' ' '!( ,',,'t f t r r.- I, !:!. I I . ! t I. .. ..! WM I 1 I Cy V . t. ' j i'l t I 1 1 th I ft. ' r I ! 1 it -i I il ' v fit -1 1 ,t i .y !. i h- I i'l; I e , r t y I ,1 1 I imil.if 1 " 1 ; ' '' it 1 '. !. Zu , ,!,,!,. u ' y 'in: y I I'l I irtfii tu te !i l t ! l-.it 'h.it li'il;i'i i fc ir-liy prnintuf .,r t'i Aiicrn-Jit nun !, If, , f , 1 1. 1,'ftnj" at i'iili' in iiviio lim 1 1 1 ii mt t- y ncu'i u. tt ,!,? I i i"i!i n.i- n 1 1 I 'ft th.tt IVixitmt w,H 1,1 nnitrtl, t!, , ,i. in iny i,,Iiy,i. ,,, t"iilI Nt hrAM . tu at; ; l-ciMimt" (ht own Zti'in de I-!,,!, , ,r.. u " u Plll ulm'H, nf, liilllil tu'An.l in thu c.,nnrni.n it ,!totild not. f, ,r, ,tt,.n ,,,, ii,h. ;.i r.tvcnon tt Brl,it,m', ii,er,y nd ' rrin-.l.i.r......., l. .il .1 i iimrhl 'l,c tloiie by the ernsti,! ok ,i ' troups. whirh was rcfincd, and that evrn aftrr the f,rt conlliits Germany i cniburg, wlicrc slie also crossed with out stnet right, but where her oller was aceeoieil Gernianv i Kl nun nifiui, v.n. i iliany I t leös 1 entitlcd to have it said th.-it an a,t tustment of the ininrv Hnno ha hrnn i reached. and that the larger part of But niore has conie so the surface now, aithough little enough Publicity : tias Dcen givcn to lt. We are still ' told about the nnor inh.ihilani nf lielgium, and God knows every human being sees that picture. But some- people, in ortler that the later dis closures about Belgium's ofticial con duct may be covered over. There is no question now that Belarium and Great Britain had had Communica tions. Not treaty, but an under Standing, to the effect that Great Bri tain would land troops in Belgium for her protection. Such understandings are more dangerous than treaties, be cause they are even more secret. Originally that understanding appears to have been based upon the supposi tion that Germany might encroach upon Belgium; but in the last inter view reduced to writing, the repre sentative of Great Britain makes it perfectly plain that his country in tended to land troops without request on the part of Belgium, and would do it when England thought that such a Course was necessary. When the Belgian representative insisted that English troops could be landed only upon Belgium's request, the an swer was that Belgium was not strong enough to defend herseif, and that Great Britain herseif would decide when stich landing should be made. (lo be contmued.) Nothnittige Töpfcrkiinstler. Sogar südlimerikanifche Gelehrte selber erklären, daß sie niemals solche Töpferei-Artikel gesehen hätten,, wie der amerikanische Forscher Dr.. Fa rabee sie auf seiner letzten Expedition in die Wildnisse des unbekannten Peru bei Conebo-Jndianern gesunden hat. Es sind wahre Wunderwerke dieser Kunst darunter, so z. 23. Kru ge von fast 4 Fuß Höhe und über 4 , Fuß Weite und dabei auffallend dünn nur einen kleinen Bruch, teil von, einem Zoll dick, manche klei nere sind so dünn wie Papier und mit sehr , schönen Dekörationen. Und das alles ist ausschließlich Handar beit, nicht einmal ein Töpfer-Nad wird von den Eingeborenen dabei benutzt! Das sind, wohlgemerkt, heutige Kunstwerke, nicht etwa Ueberbleibsel einer glänzenden Borzeit. Dr. Fara bee erlangte 100 Proben solcher Ar tikel, von denen man nicht weiß, zu welchem Zweck sie von den Indianern angefertigt werden. Es ist schade, daß seine Expedition infolge des , Welt krieges, welcher die Transport und die Geldwechslungs-Verhaltnisse zu schwierig gestaltete, bor der Zeit ab gebrochen werden mußte? fa' dürfte aber unter günstigeren Verhältnissen wieder aufgenommen werden. Merk würdigerweife können die Conebos ein noch so gut wie unbekannter Stamm, der etwa 3500 Meilen von der Mündung des Amazonen-Stro-mes lebt außer diesen erstauiFi chen Kunstwerken nichts von irgend welcher Bedeutung schaffen: es ist ihr einziger Beitrag zur Kultur. Die Krüge geben beim , Anschlagen einen metallischen Klang,-nicht selten einen melodischen. ,',". Das furchtbarste Grubenun glück der letzten 20 Jahre war das von Courriöres. bei dem 1200 Men fchen ums Leben gekommen sind. 1 , f.'i f '( ' ,,'t .'''"t I ', ?..,''' k"t ! ti !'. .''i'l b'i t, r ,!tt i.:-'l j t II '? I I il. v;" :, 1! '' i ,.:.! ,-1 " ' -a: si h , I s 'l-.t l'tyt'yii t v ! '1 kf st ?,'.,' u !' frn fn,- .1 fi:t'-f'i1 '- )ft;t, t-tk At'f:fit Is ku?t. tut s t -tt I't r ; st -ii .t.-sl'c: ?!?,'.'. tf i vtM It Ha i' tt! ,!.'ff :,,. ;i t:--tm gti i nt 3fil ist die Ak ffit ttt t'"!f, fr . r l;t b-tU'K t itit lit I'!!'l sli-.d. tint I'.k-tts, cM t-it f it fltit'i liiilin-ftt erteilt v'tk i'.o :tn ctl.r.ii-fUnt. Ihter üic'jtitit Nitt? sttia ttittt t'-cctirnrn .!-;'- oUt Univttj'i!.,: f'!r,ca.'n!tt und .(inrultf, die zur JUAH.'iUjji zu, sfsüffkn sind; tiuch title s', h'--i.i lJif.tniirjfiif)rft find daiuiilkt. ,;iä Lcftjt'N ntbkiidn ncil) gar man:!; cn hxt Y tchszniititisse ct'tt nuisien sich solche bkhufi er .'Igteichkk Beireidunz geiviiser lliiiersuchuiiizeii eigkn. timi den. Vor noch nicht langer Zeit z. V. argwöhnte WS Justiz Ministerium, daß unter Fabrikanten einer Sorte Glas, welch? für Bedachungen ton Treibhäusern bedurft wird, eine Bcr schwörung zur Einschränkung des Handels bestehe. Ein Sonder-Detekliv wurde hinterher gesandt, und derselbe studierte vor allem das Gärtnerei und Blumenzucht Geschäft, sodaß er ganz wie ein Fachninn reden und überall als solcher auftreten konnte. In dieser Eigenschaft suchte er auch die Händler auf, welche sich mit jener . Glussorte befaßten, und sagte, er wolle eine Anzahl neuer Treibhäuser eröffnen und natürlich das bedurft Glas möglichst vorteilhaft erstehen. Mit einigen der Händler, welche vollkommen einheitliche Preise hatten. freundete er sich besonders gut an und entlockte schließlich einem das Gestand ms, daß ein Einvernehmen zwischen ihnen bestehe. Auch erfuhr er. daß in einer bald abzuhaltenden Sitzung ein neuer Preis aufgestellt werden moae. Ja, er erlangte, als erwarteter guter Kunde, sogar Zutritt in die Sikuna und erfuhr alles, wasr wissen wollte. aus erner Hand, uns am Schluß der Sitzung wurde einfach das Pro trokoll beschlagnahmt, und es blieb, den Händlern absolut nichts mehr' übrig, als .sich schuldig zu bekennen! Ein Agent dieses Dunstes rn e, ner westlichen Stadt bemerkte eines Morgens in einem -Hotel, daß ein Gast an einem anderen Tisch, .-er Oberkassierer einer der größten Ban ken der Stadt, und zugleich ein sehr angesehener' politischer Führer, mit der Hand, die einen mit Saft von Pompelmus (grapefruit") gefüllten Teelöffel hielt, heftig zitterte, sodaß der ganze Inhalt verschüttet wurde; noch auffallender wurde dieses Ge bahren dadurch, daß der Mann sofort verstohlen um sich blickte, ob nicht je mand seine Nervosität Wahrgenom men. Dieser kleine Vorfall wurde zum Anlaß, daß in ein paar Tagen Unterschleife dieses Oberkassierers in Höhe von mehr als eine Million Dol -lars entdeckt wurden, trotzdem diese! den mit der feinsten Kunst verdeckt worden waren! Der Mann wurde 12 Jahre ins Zuchthaus gesandt. E,n Versuch des Generals Berna trs NeyeS, im Jahre 1911 auf ame- ruanifchem Boden eine Nevolution zum Sturz des Präsidenten Madero von Mexiko zu organisieren, wurde durch einen Agenten deS obigen Am tes, dessen Mutter Mexikanerin war, und der alle Geheimnisse der Nevoluz zcr als vorgeblicher Genosse derselben ' ausmittelte, gründlich vereitelt, und die ganze Bande aufgehoben. Das sind nur dte Beispiele von sebr dielen. STinS Wiiffhiinrn hnn Justiz-Flüchtlingen führt nicht selten Agenten dieses Dienstes um den gan zen Eroball herum, unter vielen Ber, kleidungen. Die Pappel wächst schnell: ein bei Königswustcrhausen stehender Pappelbaum, der erst im Jahre 148 gepflanzt wurde, hat jetzt bereits etwa 18 Fuß Stammumfang. Das Wort Muskete kommt aus dem Italienischen Moschetto, eine Art kleiner Habicht. Das Wort Husar auö dem Ungarischen husz, welches 20 deöeutn, also eine kleine Truppe. Um den Film Hans Gersien korn" (eine Verherrlichung des Biers) aus den Bildertheatern zu entfernen, haben die Prohibitionisten $25,000 geboten.