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About The Sioux County journal. (Harrison, Nebraska) 1888-1899 | View Entire Issue (May 7, 1896)
One County's Work. Kuu-uu County in a good example of the MjKMibilititi latent lu a gravel bed and developed by experience, common sense anil a little persistent bard work The writer well remembers the time wben the only gvod roads In that coun ty wi the highway running easterly from Princeton and known as the old I eru road. For yean that road wan lu pood condition the year round, and the farmers along Its route Increasing l.v prosperous, while everywhere elm the roadH were, for a large portion of the year, hideous UN a mince pie night mare. After suffering from this in cubus for half a generation, people be gan to think. Finally It dawned utsm a few bold and venturesome souls that Jf gravel were good for the ioor road It might possible he good for Home others. So the Idea spread and the experiment ' tried until now the graveled roads, comparatively smooth and always pass able, ramify the whole county ami dis tant farms are brought approximately close to town by that wonderful genii, gniveP-Itloomlngton (111.) Leader. The Wide Tire Camnalnn. Not only do wide tires save the pave ments, but they are also a saving on 1-eaMs of burden. The Missouri (Jood JCoads Association at Its recent conven tion in Columbia declared In favor of wide tires, prof. II. J. W aters, dean of the State Agricultural College, added to the tabulated results of the tests made letween narrow and wide tired wagons the following: "By using the wide tires an average of fifty-three pounds draught is mi red, A horse Is computed to exert a pull of l.Vi pounds for ten hours, traveling at the rate of two and one half miles per hour. On this basis the wide tires save slightly more than one-third of the ex ertion of the horse." The experiments with heavy wagons from which the conclusions of Prof. Waters were readied formed the most interesting part of (he proceedings of the convention, and the results of all the tests were carefully noted. In ev ery test It was demonstrated that the wide tire lessens the labor of the horse nud Is lu other ways far superior to the narrow tire, which is the most com monly used. l'.loomingtoti till.) Pnnta gniph. ' Chen Heads. A very wise philosopher has observed that the great bulk of the people must always support the mass of the popula tion. The people pay for everything, the people have. The public pays for the railroads and the expense of running them. If the railroads were only half as good and could only haul half as Hindi it would cost the people twice as much to tide or ship over them. It is fortunate for the people that railroads are conducted in an organized business-like way. If the opioncnts to Improved roads hail their way the rail road would be neither profitable nor pleasant. The people of a community are t'.e ones vitally Interested in the roads of that community. If the farmers of cadi tow nship were to get together and mutually agree that they would go about It In an organized way to build and maintain a system of good roads their sum of happiness would be Increased. Since the people pay for the roads why not have those that are cheapest and most pleasant the best ones. In Holland, where they have the best roads In the world. It Is said that a farmer will haul, with a team of large dogs, as heavy a load as can be drawn over a bad road with a team of horses. This reminds us how dog-gone bad our roads are. This country has 1,300,000 miles of common roads. This would encircle the globe fifty times, or go to the moon more than live times. Hut If most of them would go there Just once and not come back, earth would be Just alxiut as happy. He Liked to Ik Kick. Imaginary and fashionable discus -s lire among the most painful and vexa tious annoyances of the physician-!) life. One venerable doctor, Dr. S. .. Itusey, of Washington, goes so far as to wty that but for them, men of his pro fession might hope to live as long as the average of people! "Kvery communi ty has its drug lletid," he remarks; ami he proceeds to describe an example, ,-a small, red-haired, very bad-tempered niau, who may once In a while have ls-eti actually sick, though ofteuer lo thought he wa sick, and oftener still was trying to innkc himself sld;.'' On one occasion I was summoned at night In Impetuous hnste to hear this man's story of the sudden loss of the senses of taste and smell, and Indeed of general sensation. I found him sitting lsjit upright in an armchair, his rel hair standing on end, his face Hushed with rage, and his mouth pouring out volleys of curses. The spectacle was an ludicrous as It was Had, though the innu's poor wife was In a coudltlon of terror. I know him well enough to believe that it wax "all cry and no work," a pretence to frighten his wife for some fancied In attention or neglect. I knew, also, that bis love of deception was so great that he would submit to torture rather than Hi know ledge his deception. When the vocabulary of v Mires was for the time exhausted, I Kiel to hi in that his maladies were apparel tly complex and each would have to be treated by itself, and as !li ! of gen eral sensation was the most se'-ioiia I would attack that first. Then, seating him lu a ane-eated chair. I euveloed hiin In several heuy blankets, put his feet in a hot mustard bMth, to which at brief intervals I add eil some hotter water, and placed uude; the chair a lighted alcohol lamp. He lsre this for a time wi.h print ing fortitude, but finally the nu'd lim-s of his face softened, the wrut pound lu streams from every poiv, and his hair fell dripping over hU brows. As he l-gan to w ince, I offered him a dose of tincture of capsicum. To -ny sur prise, he swallowed It without a giim ace, but when I quickly offered him another, he relielled aud rehicta nt! i c knowledged a partial rc-uor:! .lo:i if taste nod sensation, additu', ho.vever, 111 Insolent glee, that the sense of smell was still absent. At that I pou re, I from a ImimI- of tin' milk of nsfootlda such a dose as I thought would bring smell and lasfc to a tin funnel, and forced him to take It. He Kindled it, ami soon after , left hllll sleeping quietly. lie was cured for a time, nud re mained for a considerable period a sen sible convalescent, ills 'm iiiiaiy ail ments continued, lint assumed a mild and harmless type. He lived to i.n ad vaneed age. and died ns he ,i:t,l lived u complaining ami fretful bore. He Trusts the Iteporlers. Chiiuncey M. Iepew knows newspa per reporters as well as any man, and nere la what he truthfully snvs of them: r.very profession hns its code of honor. That code Is always baaed upon confidence ami trust. I see more re porters and oftener than any ten men In the universe. They breakfast, dine. sup and sleep with me, or practically. that Is what It amounts to. They conn1 to me blue-penciled at all hours of the day and night for a revelation which they must take back lu some form or be discredited at the oflice. It Is often a matter which It Is Important for me, In Justice to the Interests which I rep resent, or the people who trust me, not to reveal, but when, as often happens, something can be said w hich will reach over the Important crisis by a sugges tion of facts, and I he situation can only be understood by a full explanation, the reporter hears In confidence the story, and then the line drawn beyond which he must not go, nud never has that confidence been misplaced nor t lie line overstepped." Meadow Lark's Music. During a short residence In Califor nia one of our delightful experiences came to us through the vocal entertain meiit of the mocking birds and meadow larks. Of the meadow lark 1 now write. It is a Joy forever to have lis tened to the Incomparable notes of one of those birds, which, cradled on tin- topmost point of some plume-like eucal yptus, beiidln.' beneath the weight of the bird, and swayed by the passim: breeze, poured forth Its soul In Irre pressible ovcrllow of song, in tones so full, clear, sweet, and dellcutelv modulated as to place this songster beyond the possibility of a rival. We were horrified. Inter, to see by a San 1'rnnclsio paper that these songsters w ere being exterminated by I lie hunt ers, who killed them for the markets at so much a hundred. lioston Tran script. A KciiMtrkuhle Photograph. Professor lioys of Loudon recently diveredau Illustrated lecture In which he showed phutogra plis of the Lec-.iet-ford bullet us It passed through a qunr- ter-lncll sheet of glass. Just before the bullet touched the sheet the air wave cut a disk of glass about half an Inch In diameter clean out. At the same time the glass around the hole was crushed Into powder and driven back at an extremely rapid rate. The glass stuck to the bullet for a short time after It had passed through, the disk being driven out. In front of the "bow wave." In this experiment the waves caused by the vibrations of the glass were plainly shown. A photograph of the bullet after It had cleared the glass by nine Inches showed the remainder of the glass lutuct, but when the bill et had proceeded another sixteen Inches the sheet of glass was seen to break and fall In fragments. Aluminum Will He Cheaper. The production of aluminum lu this country has Increased from eighty three iMiunds In 1NN3 to K'iO.OOO pounds in bS'.i."), and the estimate for lw.Mi Is H.CHii.ooo pounds, the process s for milk ing It 'having been greatly Improve:!. The price at the reduction works ranges from f0 cents to ,VT cents a pound. Applied electricity explains the ease with which the light ineinl Is now ttirni-d out. What Wejrler's Hllence Means. (Jen. Weyler has gone on a new tack. When he wns naked about the report that twenty-four Cuban citizens had been taken out and shot he said that he knew nothing about it. The New York Sun says there could be no plainer Intimation to his subordinates to go ahead and do their worst. Wood. Wood soaked In a strong solution of common stilt Is thereby protected against decay, especially when placed underground. It nearly always shocks a man to see a woman attending church In the mid dle of the day. There Is one thing we have alwiys admired atsiut pop corn: It kMps Its promise; 1t pops. NOTES UN KiUCATlON. MATTERS OF INTEREST TO PU PIL AND TEACHER. Pith of Good ttccltation Work TUo fed ug our Craae for Novelly-t-a vc Time iu the School Houra Teachir fshoulU Know tba Host Literature. Gnol Recitation Work. 1. Self-activity on the part of the pupil in seeing, thinking aud mustering things tor himself. 2. Vigor and Intensity of mental ef fort so as to establish habits of couceu tratlou and of strength, avoiding care lessness, sleepiness and general laxity 8. A proper use of a child's previous knowledge us he advances into the new lessons. 4. All the knowledge acquired by a child should lie based upon concrete and real objects of thought. The history of education since Co- meulus' time emphasizes, over and over again, the necessity or sense training and the basing of all knowl edge upon an experience with real things. There is perpetual danger in all schools of knowledge becoming simply verbal, a pure memory drill. 5. Thoroughness of knowledge. The knowledge gained by the children In the schools should be thoroughly mas tered, and one of the most Important things for the teacher to do lu a red tatlou is to give such tests, reviews and drills as shall bring about a conscious mastery of the principles of a subject and the ability to apply them under variety of forms. 6. School children not only need to master the school sciences theoretical ly and In the text book form, but they need to learn how to use knowledge in the practical affairs of life. The school cannot undertake the whole of this duty, and yet It must teach children how to use their knowledge: how to bring school Information Into relation with life, with real experience in the world. 7. in some studies the children are to learn not so much science as arts, such as reading and writing. They are to form habits In reading and writ Ing which will be of the utmost value to them In school and lu life. 8. As children move along through the school grades they should liecomc conscious more and more of the scien tific order and system that prevail in studies. There Is a scientific frame work In every study. The principal fundamental principles, which give unity and correction to the parts of a Htudy, as In grammar or geography, should be seen in their importance. As children advance In their studies they nre capable of a better grasp of knowledge In Its scientific form. t). Knowledge should be so. selected and presented to children thnt It will awaken a natural and spontaneous In terest. There may indeed be many se vere tasks and knotty problems to be worked out. but even these may often times contribute to a growing and deepening interest. 10. Children should be trained In school to think and reason, to exercise their own judgment, to be Independ ent, self-reliant In thought and deed. Their minds are not so much to be molded as to be developed lu every proper direction. These are at least a few of the simple requirements w hich most teachers will agree to. The Pacific KiUicatlonal lournnl. A Criticism by Dr. Harris. In nn article on "Flemcntnry Kduca lloti," contributed to the May North American Review, Dr. William T. Har ris tells the following about what he calls pedagogy craze for novelty. While the old education In Its exclu sive devotion to will-training has slighted the Intellect nud the heart (or feelings), the new education moves likewise toward nn extreme ns bad, or worse. It slights direct will-culture and tends to exaggerate Impulse and Inclination or Interest. An educational psychology that degrades will to de sire must perforce construct nn elabor ate system for the purpose of devel oping moral Interests and desires. This, however, does not quite succeed until the old doctrine of self-sacrifice for the sake of the good Is reached. "Our wills are ours to make them thine." The philosophy of the liliagnvail Glta holds that the goal of culture Is to annihilate all Interest and attain ab solute Indifference; this Is adopted by Buddhism In the doctrine of Nirvana. Indian renunciation reaches the denial of selfhood, while the Christian doc trine of renunciation reaches only to the denial of selfishness and the adop tion of altruistic Interests. However this may be, the pedagogic Impulse to create devices for awakening the Inter est of the pupil becomes sometimes n craze for novelty. Change at any price and change of any kind Is clamored for. It Is n trite saying that change Is not progress. It Is more apt to bo movement In a circle, or even retro gression. An amusing example was lately furnished In educational circles. A superintendent of rural schools de fended their want of clapslllcntlon as an advantage. It wns "Individual In struction," and, as such, an improve ment over that of the graded schools or me cities, ins reactionary move ment received the supiwrt of some of the advocates of educntlonnl reform, on the ground that It was a new depar ture. This happened at a lime when one-half of the school children In the United Rtates are still taught, or rather allowed, to memorize their text books by this method! The subcom mittee on training of teachers and on the organization of the city school sys tem havo brought forward, In lielr re spective reports, the latest devised measures for the perfection of normal schools and the procurement of expert supervisors fof eltj school systems. The Importance of the reconunelid utiona regarding school for iLe train ing of teachers Is seen xheu one re calls to mind the fact tlut the entire upward movement of th elementary schools UUm been Initiated aud sustain ed by the employment of professional ly trained teachers, and that the in crease of urban imputation has made It iMssilIe. In the Normal School the candidate Is taught the history of edu cation, the approved methods of in struction, and the grounds of each branch of study, as they arc to Ihj found in the sciences that it presup poses. The School Journal. t-uucentlona to Buperiotendeiita. The Wisconsin State Hoard of Health makes the following suggestions to the county superintendents of that State, to the end that the public schools may be placed In good sanitary condition: 1. To clean and perfect all sources of water supply of their own, to furnish such. 2. In the absence of a better system, to prepare the windows and transoms, so that ventilation can be had without causing drafts, and that all schools In troduce Improved ventilating systems as soon as possible. 3. To place buildings in good repair, with tight floors, good roofs and under pinnings. 4. To see that the grounds do not per mit standing water, aud to prepare gravel or board walks to keep the children's feet out of the mud. o. Suitable closets for each of the sexes to be provided with every school house. They should be situated so as to secure privacy, be kept iu good re pair and cleaned aud disinfected at least twice a month. U. the rooms should be so warmed as to maintain an even temperature. auu an to be Uept comfortable; stoves and furniture should be safe and In good order. 7. Itooms should not be over-crowded; not less than fifteen square feet of floor space and 215 cubic feet of air space should ever be allowed to each pupil. 8. Blackboards should not be placed between windows; the surface should be dead black, not glossy. 11. The light should, if possible, be admitted from the rear, or rear and left of the pupil never from the front. 10. Desksaudsentaof different heights should be furnished to suit the size and age of pupils. Hhonld Know the Best Literature. This paper has at all times endeav ored to Impress upon its readers the belief that a teacher should be an tin tiring student of pedagogy lu all Its phases. At the same time we believi that too much stress cannot be laid upon the fact that the teacher should not iiuike the mistake of allowing his professional studies to absorb all his time Htid thought, lie who restricts himself to pedagogy can hope to be come ai hOHi our a pedagogue, some writer has said. While it cannot be di nieil that there is a cultural side to pedagogical studies, especially In the Hue of the history and the philosophy of education, the teacher cannot be the embodiment, of culture iu Its highest forms unless ho give no small degree of his energy to the study of literature. Literature Is specliically and distinct ively life, nud it Is for this reason that we would have every teacher Intimately acquainted with the best literature of all ages. The teacher who knows sym pathetically tin? best of the worlds lit erature lives In a higher and richer world than the teacher who contents himself with mere information. He Is consequently u greater power among his pupils both lu and out of the school room. .lournul of Pedagogy. Save Time. Learn to do tilings in the most direct way, In tlio way that takes the least work. If an Interest problem can be solved by writing twenty figures, then the method that requires twenty-five figures Is wrong, even If It does "get the answer." A man might go from Chicago to New York by way of Alassm and finally reach his destination, but It would not be the right way to go unless sight seeing Is his object Instead of business. It It Is possible to save time jy mldlng two columns of figures at a time Instead of one, it will pay to learn to do It. Remember that, extra labor means extra time, and that this extra time costs extra money. Exchange. Need of Compntalon, In sohool relations there Is need of some compulsion. Of course many cases of disorder could be checked without this aid, If the teacher were more perfect. Still he Is associated with imperfect pupils and Imperfect appliances. This being the ease, he would hardly fee at home If he had reached anything like approximate per fection. Notwithstanding he knows that he has shortcomings, he ought to hold his pupils to reasonable require ments. Only In this way can a school be kept In a vigorous working condi tion. Kducnt tonal Exchange. In talking about his father, the late James II. Beard, Dan Heard, the art ist, of Chicago, said the other day: "He painted the portraits of the long list of distinguished men Clay, John yulney Adnnis, Zachary Taylor, Will iam Henry Harrison and others. While painting Taylor, father said to him: 'Well, general, I suppose you are to lie our next President'' 'I hope not." grunted the bluff old hero. No mili tary man has nny business in the Presidential chnlr. but If fluey offer It to uie I suppose I'll be fool enough to accept It.' And he wns." K. C. Kent-diet, President Cleveland's Wall street friend, who lives at Green wich, Conn., lias bought the American club grounds at Greenwich, on which ho will build a fine summer residence, In which, It Is rumored, the President will spend some time this year. One variety of the cricfcgt has lr ear In Us hind legs. WHAT WOMEN WEAK. STYLES FOR THOZZ WHO WANT TO LOOX PRETTY. Colors that Are and Tboae that Are Not Faahionable Gray Shades een feen Everywhere Percaline Liningr No Longer Mistaken Tor bilk. Fashion's La?c Fancies. New York correspondence: EW better oppor tunities are pre sented to the iu vestlgator of fashions to enable her to appreciate the vast amount of details at the hands of the dress designer than iu considera tion of what col ors are and what are not fashionablue. It is not put ring it too strong to state that more colors are permitted than are forbid den. Among the mis cardinal red is not worn this j-ear, nor any of the simpler and primitive shades. Cerise, coral, deep wiue and inullieiry red aiv used, the two hitter ones rather for older people, but red Is not generally in favor. All kinds of green are much used, though the dull shades tending to sage and bronze are less liked than bright grass, lettuce, chartreuse and hunter's green. The favored blues are turquoise and the standard navy that Is never out of style." Hrowns hold their own always, but the artificial shades like tobacco and cinnamon are discarded and the old-time red terra lor, better, "terror") eotta is never seen. Gray is seen on every hand. It is worn iu the delicate romantic shade that the impoverished but virtuous stage hero ine affects when she marries the young mini of her choice, and proves that she Is poor and domestic by wearing a dove colored gray gown, with white muslin cuffs and collar, and by laying a table with the cover very crooked and with nothing on it. but a sugar bowl and two plates. Prom this delicate shade fash ion deepens to all stones and also runs into dull blue grays. The stone shades ire esiMM'Ially suited to elderly women who do not like to go into black, and w ho yet prefer dark cloths. Mack for facings or braidings combines with these stone grays with excellent effect. Gray is not relegated exclusively to the elderly or middle-aged, nor to dresses that are simple and domestic. Particularly handsome and dressy cos tumes are seen in this shade, and two of them have been chosen for these first two pictures. The first Is made of gray etvpon gauze over a gray silk foundation. Its Isxlice has a yoke of guipure over white satin with a point that Is ornamented with the dresden rlblsm bows extending down the cen ter of the front to the waist. The belt Is of the same riblKin as these two Ikiws and fastens nt the side with a third bow. Bretelles of plain gauze and a collar to match with a pleated bow In back make further trimming for the bodice, aud tho-sleeves consist of two puffs over a gray foundation. The second employment of gray was In a summer dress of a coarse poplin de lalne that was embroidered with GIVING OUT A VALUED SWISH. small gray silk dots. It was tnn le In an untrlmmed godet skirt and in a short fitted bodice whose lining fas tened In tho center. The revers wid ened at the shoulders and formed a narrow turned down collar In back. They were of pale gray faille and the same shade of satin ribbon have the stock collar and tho straps at bust and A Sl'MMF.H II It EMS I.V OKAV. waist. The full Vest was darK ecm over gray s'lk. Concerning these loose fn.nts It may le said In general ihat the folds grow more anil more exact, and the tit of tiie lining to loose waists ! becoming more and more abso'ute. It is no longer the thing to line gowns with crinkly percaline, for the oweful car has become trained and it nc lon ger mistakes the crackle of the vjlgar material for the i.oft swish of silk. So to crin kle is not to pretend silk, but to confess percaline. The correct skirt hangs without any stiffness, aud silk with no interlining is the proper Inside finish. Such a skirt is the one that MIDWAY I'lTFS. next received the artist's attention. It certainly should be correctly made in side since it is ou the outside so har moniously adapted to the Jacket bodice that tops it. The skirt's material is lavender figured silk, and it lias two panels of accordion pleated mauve silk poplin. Prom this latter material the bodice Is made. It has a wide Louis XV. vest of guipure over lavender sat in, which is ornamented with two rliinestone buttons iu the waist. The material is shirred several times on the shoulders, forming a head, aud also lu the waist. In lieu of a belt, the stuff springing out Into panniers on the hips. A collar of lavender chiffon is worn, and above this the wee toque would be almost Invisible were it not for corre sponding chiffon bows. If the peaceful Injunction, "Let by gones be bygones" has any application to matters of dress, then crepous should be left severely alone, for they are certainly well gone by. Only the most careful and elaborate making up silk lining, novel effects, etc., can relieve the stuff of commonness, and even then the gown is likely to excite pity rather than admiration, folks im agining that the wearer In misguided fashion spent a lot of money on the material before she realized how rap idly It was falling Into disfavor. Of course the stores still hold lovely weaves that are remarkably cheap, but It won't do. If money is an object, then get some other material that Is also inexpensive and not so conspicuous as crcpon. Take souk? of the pretty heath er mixtures that nre seen lu so many new gowns. One of these was employ- SrtTAIlI.E FOR STRIPED STUFFS. ed In the original of the fourth sketch, a rig that proclaimed Its newness by the novelty of Its design. Its jacket lsxlice had fitted back and sides, but the front was boxed. At the shoulders In front only were boxpleats of the goods and three crescents of the stuff ornamented the front, being In turn set off with buttons. The novel sleeves were very wide and were laid In pleats half way dowu the upper arm, allow ing the stuff to spring out full at the ellow. Bishop sleeves are now very plentiful, and not a few designs of sleeves that inclose the arm tightly from wrist to shoulder but that drape it with an outer puff are to be seen. Pretty, simple summer dresses are made of striped dresden wash silk. The model shows n redingote of the silk that opens wide nt the throat, turning away with shawl revers from an under bodice of white. At the belt line the redingote almost closes and then It spreads out again to show a narrow panel of white. Of course tho gown Is all in one, but for those who do not like coats and who are tired of round waists aud like princess effect, this model serves charmingly. A simple model for utilizing striped stuffs Is the subject of the final sketch, the goods In this Instance being a light-blue and white striped silk. The bodice fas tened at the side aud had a stiff stock collar of the silk, the garniture consist ing of a drapery of fine lace on one side and three Jeweled gold buttons on the other. The sleeves were shirred at the top to gain the drooping effect and were finished with lace ruffles. Copyright, turn. A dog Is fully grown at the end of bit second year.
