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About The Nebraska advertiser. (Nemaha City, Neb.) 18??-1909 | View Entire Issue (Dec. 3, 1897)
M C m - PICTURESQUE OLD CITY. yk. !ho Most Falthftd Romnant of tho jxuacuo .agog. lUldcnhclm, a Ilnnovcrnnlnn Town, CuntnliiH Alnny Knrc Historical Treasure) A Hone IlanU 1,100 Ycnrn Old. Special Berlin Letter. Hildesheiin Is one of the oldest nnd most interesting towns in Germany, and I recently spent a day there sightsee ing. At present it lies in the Prussian province of Ilanovcr, nnd it is easily ac cessible by rail from Brunswick. Dur ing the middle ages, though, Hildeshelm ivas a powerful and very wealthy com monwealth of its own, and it waged war successfully against the bellicose Ijishops and dukes of the neighborhood. Its citizens were so proud and luxu rious that on festival days they would cat and drink out of nothing meaner than pure gold nnd silver, nnd the ivorld-famcd "Hildeshelm treasure" a collection of rarely artistic and beauti ful dishes, plntcs, tankards, etc., of solid silver, buried in times of war by a cau tious Hildesheim burgher and now ac cidentally dug out of the earth again after the lapse of centuries gives plain evidence of these bygone days. To-dny, however, Hildesheim is a pro vincial place, narrow, very bigoted and unenterprising; ouly its antiquities give it interest to the outsider. With Prot estants all around it, it hns remained Catholic, and is the see of n bishop. The name itself, Hildesheim, meant in the THE CITY HALL, ancient German of its founders' days "Home of the Saints." Charlemagne Limself is the ruler who, about 1,100 years ago, made Hildesheim one of the strongholds of the new Christian faith in the northern pnrt of German'. He it was, too, who planted that an cient rosebush which is still putting forth myriads of buds and ilowers every year, sheltered by the inclosure of the inner court of the Dorn, or cathedral, against the rough winds of winter, and still the greatest curiosity of all in the ancient town. A couple of years ago this rosebush began to ail and it was then feared that it was dying. But a learned old gardener was summoned COURTHOUSE AT HILDESHEIM. who prescribed for the plant, tended it for months, put now vigor into its roots, nnd the following spring the bush showed its gratitude by becoming once more covered with pink roses roses by the bushel. The roots nnd the thickest stems are protected by n pretty semi circular railing of forged iron. Some graves of bishops and priests nre nenr it, and the choristers' pillared halls are also close by. The top branches of this bush cluster under the roof of the rear wing of the cathedral, CO feet and more. Another point of interest is the so culled Romnn emperors' house, an an cient patrieiau residence once belong ing to one of the wealthiest burghers, who had it built in the flftceuth cen X tury and then decorated by great sculptorsand painted by Nuremburg ar tists. The bronze and stone sculptures nre of special moment to the student and lover of nncient, nnive art, an art teeming over with ideas and original conceits, but not quite up to all the trickB of the modern technique. 1 lfEBBffllfffn . 3 ajjJUtui.iiwyww y In four niches arc magnificent stntuea In more than life size of n few of tho most famous known emperors, and a lower frieze shows, in three rows di vided by ornamental strips, the medal lion portraits (in bronze) of the entire line of known rulers, from Augustus down to the last, Romulus Augustutus, in -170. There are humor and rest, too, in some of the other sculptured ornn ments, but it needs n close study to discover it, as the artists of those days loved to hide their humorous concep tions to the eye of the unwary. Of distinctive interest, too, is a very tall building facing the central mar ket square, a building which might properly be called the forerunner and prototype of the "skyscraper" of to day, for it has eight stories and stands considerably over 100 feet high. It is also richly decorated nnd ornamented in its lower stories, and in color effects for much of this is painted nnd heavily gilded it is quite gay. Mottoes and shrewd sayings nre likewise inter twined by the artists of these early days who built it about the time of Luther. The Hildesheim city hall, too, is worth a visit. The ancient structure has been repeatedly renovated, and it makes u very stately effect. To right and left of it narrow, winding lanes open, nnd nn ancient well, built and dedicnted to the saints during the cholera epidemics of the fourteenth century, spurts crystal wnter. Inside the city hall the visitor does well to view with special attention the banquet hall upstairs. Gigantic frescoes tell the striking events in local history, including the legend that has grown up anent the ancient rosebush. AT HILDESHEIM. Fine oaken carvings and pnnelings sup plement this. .Not fnr I'rom the city hall is the ancient chapter house of the Knights of the Temple, dating from the days of the Crusades, ft is entirely con structed of rough rubble stone; the windows show the pure Romanesque arch, and the stone carvings, etc., nre of the kind which the unskilled hands of the men of those days was able to contrive. But in front tlmrc is an ad dition, built against the original wall later, and much prettier nnd more fin ished. To-dny there are no more knights in the building. Instead, a well-to-do baker has purchased the whole structure and is conducting his business inside. Sic transit gloria mundi. Quite n number of other interesting old buildings are to be s.een in the im mediate vicinity, though the natives set no great store by them, being used to see them every day. It is a pecul iarity of these Hildesheim patrician houses that they show a great wealth of outside paintings and rhymed mot toes. Many of these are funny or sar castic, a few are obscene, or that to day seem so to our more squeamish idens. The town. too. is full of old churches and convents, but it is not so easy to gain access to them and view their fu riosities as it is in other towns. The whole ancient part of Hildesheim and outside of a few streets near the rail way depot there is nothing new is nbout as pitiful a remnant of the mid dle ages as one may find anywhere in the world. The streets go uphill and downhill, often quite steep, and here nnd there they nre so narrow that peo ple inside the houses can almost shake hands across. These streets are cool in summer nnd mild in winter, but from a hygienic point of view they cannot be recommended. WOLF VON SCniEUBItAND. Lcitrony, In Frniice. At the international congress of lep rosy, which hns just been brought to n conclusion at Berlin, the startling fnct was elicited that the disease is very prevalent in France, especially in the northern districts thereof, nnd that it i3 on the incrense. This discovery nnd the datn furnished by the French med ical authorities contributed in no smnll measure to the resolution voted by tho congress to the effect that leprosy is, contagious. The WlNilum of Nature. The fish's belly is white and his bnck green because in swimming nbout in the water the white belly is the color of the light shining through the water, hence protects him from his enemy be low. His bnck being green makes him, on the other hand, appear from above as part of the green water, nnd is his safeguard from hawks and other enemies. FARM AND GARDEN. POINTS ON DRAINAGE. Hew to Keep n, Jtonri In Ciood Condi lion the Year Around. Tho grent enemy of good roads is' water. It does more to injure them thnn any other one thing, unless it be narrow tires; but those can be changed by common consent or by legislation, while rain, like death and taxes, is sure to come and is certain to do harm unless it is enrried off nnd away by a thorough system of drain age. If this is not accomplished, a smooth, compact surface cannot be mnintnlncd, nnd the effect of cold weather and frost will be disastrous. Drainage is often neglected, or very poorly done, because the effect of wnter on roads is not fully realized. Roads only too frequently become the gutters of the country on account of being level, or even trough-like in shnpe, nnd because of being insufficiently drained, and the sides not kept elenn so that wate.r can readUy flow oJT the surface, if the center of the road is not some what raised so that water falling on it will run freely into suitable gutters or ditches, pools nnd mudholes will be formed and the whole road become soaked, to its lasting detriment. It is nlso important that a road be so laid that no water shall be able to find its way upon it from adjoining lands which may be higher and shed the rainfnlls toward the roadway. It often happens, too, that the sides of n road nre at different levels, and thnt at some low point the water from the ditch on the higher side flows across and joins the lower ditch, maintaining a perpetual mudholo at such crossing. The heavy rains of the past season have afforded many a startling object lesson of both these points, and inadequate gutters and ditches, more or less filled with obstructions, have been responsi ble for serious injury to the roads. Fiom just these causes miles of mac adam were so badly washed that thou sands of dollars will be required to make good the damage. It is necessary for the surface of a road to act as n roof to keep the base dry, shedding nil water that falls upon it, nnd nmple drainage must then carry it entirely off the road limits. Side ditches should have a fall throughout their length, their size depending on the volume of water they are likely to be required to carry. If the water cuts their bottom the channel should be pro tected with n pavement of sonic sort. Frequently it is impossible to make open ditches deep enough to drain the center of the roadbed, and in such cases side or central drains should be used. The foundation course of a macadam road needs to be sufficiently jxrous so that such rain ns may soak through the top covering, or work in from the sides, may find its way into the earth, where it can be led off by drains. A drain of four-inch earthen pipe placed beneath each gutter at n depth of fully 3V. feet below the crown of the rond, and cov ered with coarse gravel, pebbles or broken stone, nearly up to the surface, should be used, though if the road lies in a very wet place a larger drain lo cated under the center of the road bed is more effective. A slight fall is essential, nnd also a free, open outlet. With attention to these details, nnd a system of continuous repairs, it is not difficult to maintain a good roadway. Good Roads. PATHS AND WALKS. They Add .Much to the Comfort of the Karmer'N Finally. The walks about farmhouses are too often not only unattractive, but at many times disagreeably muddy. The rut shows u plan for making a very ucnt SUBSTANTIAL FARM PATH. and permnnent walk. A shallow trench is dug out, and the bottom filled with jound stones. Smaller ones are placed on tlie.se and gravel on top of nil. At either side nre placed two strips of board, nailed together, as shown. This keeps the outer edge of the walk straight and true and free from grass, that will grow with the ordinary walk. The board at the bottom keeps out much grass that otherwise would grow in under the upright board. American Agriculturist. CotVM Keiiiilrc Illuh Kood. A cow cannot go from day to day, putting n pound or more of casein in her milk unless she has the necessary protein in her duily feed, over nnd nbovc what is required for mainten ance, to make this casein. She ennnot put fat in her milk in paying quan tities unless the material for it is in the ecu. she consumes. Hence the grent importance of feeding a cow in such n manner as will enable her to do her best and nt the lowest cost. This is ac complished ns a rule by feeding prop erly balanced rations, due regard be ing had at all times to tho relative cost of the several available food stuffs. -Dakota Field and Farm. In the full is one of the best times to set out raspberry planU. FOR KICKING COWS, A Slulilo ArrniiKfinent Thnt AVI 11 Ef fect ix Cure. I have found the plan illustrated be low n very good one for kicking cows. A pole three inches in diameter and tho length of stall is swung in front through nropcloop in the top of manger nenr tho feed box. At the rear, nbout 20 inches from the floor, is a piece of plank 1-1 or 10 inches wide, with several auger holes from the left to right lnrge enough to receive the end of the pole. When n cow is disposed to kick, I tie her head to n ring in front, put the pole through the rope loop, crowd her over against tho partition, nnd put the roar end of pole in one of the auger holes in the plank. Next pass n rope around left leg nbovc the gnmbrel, bring it up in front of right leg, drnw tight and fasten to n ring in rear of stall. The TUM g R0 "Pole. 6X0' MILK SHELF AN ANTI-KICK1NO STA11LE DEVICE. rope prevents kicking, keeps the cow nt a hoist, and pole keeps her from swing ing round or falling down. After a few times it is hardly ever necessary to uso the ropes, ns the polo put pretty low down will be sufficient to keep her quiet. Besides the pole, the illustrntion portrays the plan of my milking stable. There nre two shelves, the. upper nbout five feet from the iloor (not shown) and running clear across the stable. In this I keep sponge and cloths to wash and wipe the cow's udder, a dish of salt, milking stools, etc. The lower shelf, about two feet from the lloor and reach ing nbout two-thirds across, is for empty pails, milk, etc. Shovel nnd fork nre kept in the rack at end of this shelf. Farm and Home. PREPARING RATIONS. Cooklnpr Kood for Stoelc Ih Not n Prof itable 1'raetlee. Wo have tried several plans of pre paring feed for stock and have come to the conclusion thnt it is only in excep tional cases that it can be considered ndvisable to cook the food. Under whnt may be considered average conditions, the additional gain secured with the stock will not pay a fair profit for the extra work required to cook. With the dairy cows, growing calves and pigs, it pays to grind the feed corn, wheat or oats, as the kind of grain bejng fed may be. With sheaf oats, no matter what kind of stock they are fed to, we like to run them through u good cutting-box, nnd then add a small quantity of wheat bran, and feed in this way. By this plan there is little or no waste in feeding nnd n very complete ration is made up. But with the average teams kept on the place, the growing beef cattle and the thrifty, vigorous sheep, there is no particular advantage in grinding the grain. Even with the classes of stock named, in a majority of cases to make grinding the grain pay a good profit, n feed mill should be owned and operated on the farm, as the expense and work of hnuling to n mill nnd bnck, with the cost of grinding, will lessen very materially the possible profit. Where any consid erable number of stock is kept n mill can, in n majority of cases, be made to pay. We are inclined to think that more or less of this work of ndvocating cooked food, through the press, is from parties interested in selling some kind of cooking apparatus. There is one good ndvantngc in grind ing grain and in cutting roughness, that is, a better opportunity is afforded of making up complete rations. Ohio Farmer. MAKING SMALL CHEESE. Seven Found In ait Excellent WcIkIiI for Family Uwe. A great deal of inquiry has been made this season for some means by which families with perhaps only two or three cows could make full-cream cheese of their milk whenever they might for imy reason choose to do so. Families want cheese ns well as butter. Sometimes butter is very low, says Practical Farmer, and ngain the weath er is too warm for the ordinary farm er to make n good qunlity of butter, because ho has not the necessnry con veniences for keeping milk and cream nt the proper temperature. At such times and under such circumstances, if the milk could ensily be made into a good quantity of cheese at home, it would be i. matter of much importance, not only in the north, but especially in the south, where, ns n rule, ice is not to be had to aid in butter-making. The Pennsylvania agricultural college has been working on the line of milking small cheese to meet the exigency of these conditions. They huve been mak ing a cliee.se of about seven pounds weight. This mnkes u cheese of good size for handling nnd for fnmily use. It is reported that Prof. Hayward, of that institution, says there has been a ready sale for all that has been mndo in that vicinity, nnd more could hnve been sold. The price received is 13 cents u pound, equal to 20 cents for butter. IF YOU WOULD BE CORRECT. Here Arc Sonic Thin km to Ohncrvc nnd Home Othern to Avoid, It is right: To make visits of ceremony after jfour in the nftcrnoon. When calling upon a mother and idnughters to leave two cards, one for thc mother, the other for the daughters. To cnt vcgctnblcs from the same. ;plntc as the meat. The custom of serv ing vegetables in saucers is no longer In vogue. For n young lndy to wear her be trothal ring upon the mnrriagc finger, the third finger of the left hand. For social correspondence to us plain white or cream-tinted stationary, without lines. To use blnck-cdged paper for social correspondence during a period oC deep mourning. To uso writing pnper for all social correspondence with the address of tho writer in plain, legible print in tho upper rlght-hnnd corner. To be punctilious nbout the dating o each communication. To offer congratulations to a gentle man upon the announcement of liin engagement. To write letters to one's relatives nnd intimate friends announcing a mnr rlnge engagement. To send a congratulatory note to a gentleman upon tho announcement of his nppronchlng mnrrlngc; to call upon n young lady within a few days after receiving the announcement of her en gagement or to send her flowers, with n note expressing wishes for her future happiness. To use discretion in the time of one's stay at nny social function where hours are not specinlly stated. To pay n ceremonious visit within three days after an invitation to a din ner, whether accepted or not. To nddress all letters to gentlemen in the following mnnner: "Cyril Hamil ton, Esq.," except a note of invitation, which should be addressed: "Mr. Cyril Hamilton." To help one's self to olives with tho fingers.' To serve bread at hinncr, cut in thick squares, or to serve dinner rolls. To serve butter nt dinner only with the biscuits that accompany the salad and cheese. To place the knives on the right hand of the table nnpkin, when laying a. cover, the forks on the left hand. To speak of eating soup. To serve only a small amount of soup to each guest at a dinner. When writing to a mnrried lndy, to address the envelope with her hus band's full nnmc. For example, "Mrs. James Wilson Hunter." To address "The Reverend and Mrs. John Clarkson Hunt," or "Captain and Mrs. Alexander Martin Scott." N. Y. World. MISPLACED HAIRS. Clarence Won Too MImcIiIcvoiim for (he (iciiernl Good. Ill an insurance office in the city is a blonde-haired, good-looking steno grapher, also an office boy, who shall be known in this story ns Clarence. Now, Clarence and the blonde didn't get along well together. No matter why they didn't. Matters came to such a. pass that Clarence said to the girl: "I'll git you fired 'fore many weeks, see." "I guess not," said the girl. "I'm just , ns solid with tlie old man as you nre." Thus mntters stood for n time. Clarence went to the wnshroom every day after the blonde had been there primping, nnd he made it a point to gather every blonde hair that had ad hered to the bristles of the brush. These, or some of them, he deftly placed on the coat of the old man, arranging them nbout the collar and shoulders. There they remained until the old man went home. Here they nttractcd some attention from his wife, and she re moved them dny b3' day without say ing n word. When she hnd gathered a fairly good collection she called hub by's attention to the lock of blond hied hair. "There," she said, "I never did have any use for that girl; and now you can discharge her instantly, or I will come down nnd do it myself." Of course, the girl had to skip, and theold gentleman explained the circum stances. Clarence overhenrd the ex planation and chuckled. He wanted to tell the girl nil about the trick, but he was afraid that it would cost him his job, so he let the matter drop. But he did give the thing nway to a clerk, and tho clerk told the old man, nnd he didn't do a thing to Clarence. He scared the boy nearly to death talking nbout divorces and family jars, and for a punishment he made the boy go to his house, and explain the whole thing to his wife. This brought peace to the family, and in justice the girl wns re employed. All is serene in the office now, but Bertha never spenks to Clarence. Cincinnati Commercial Traveler. Without llenellt of Clergy. Miss Pruyn Oil, dear! So you were on the City of Pekin when she went down? How many souls were lost? Capt. Silt All of 'cm that was drowned, mum. She went down so blamed suddent, they wa'n't no time fer death-bed repentances! Brooklya Mfe. Poets must suffer before they can ft-rite, says n philosopher. After that the public lias a monopoly on the suffer ing. Chicago News.