Image provided by: University of Nebraska-Lincoln Libraries, Lincoln, NE
About Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922 | View Entire Issue (May 19, 1918)
lHt; OMAHA bUDA Bz: MA. iy, llJ16. STREAMLINE BODY DEFINED; TORPEDO AND FISH EXAMPLES . ' Many Motorists. Ignorant as to True Stream-line Design 1 and its Relative Importance to the Opera tion of a Motor Car. The term streamline has become luch synonym for the present day utomobile body that if a man in the itreet were asked what a streamline Jody.U he would point to the first , jsodern car' that passed and say: ; . rThere you ' are; that's what a , Streamline , body is." The streamline Is applied to an automobile body is 'Snore than an actuality. : For the high racing speeds the body thape plays an important part, and so, , , n -fact, does evey part of the car ihat has to be forced against the wind. Nearly everyone knows that the larger the frontal area of a sur face going Straight against the wind ihe harder It U tq propel it, For in stance, in walking against the wind in a very stormy day it is as much as rou can do to press ahead, and when t very bad gust comes you are apt to stand sideways and then the force igainst yon is considerably lessened. Adding this experience in wind pressure to . the knowledge in me , chanica, that it is necessary to have a sharp edge on the knife or axe to cut with, then our conclusion is that a sharp-pointed or knife-like shape ywili move through the air easiest. With this idea in mind it is natural that we should call the body line which presented a fairly sharp front : to the wind and long smooth lines along its sides a streamline. Cuts Into Wind. The reason why the. automobile bodies are not true streamline forms ' is that they were all cut off sharply at the back and the long, tapering tail, which is necessary for a streamline is not there. When the sharp-nosed car cuts into the wind a hole is formed V and this has to be gradually closed up. This would be accomplished if it were possible to have a long, taper ing tail at the back of the car, but it is obvious that this could not be used, is it would make the car too long. Torpedoes are built feith stream lines; so also are fish.) Fish have comparatively blunt noses and long tails. A true 'streamline is , some what fish-shaped. It has a rather blunt nose and its largest part is forward of the middle, so its tail be : gins early and is long and carefultv Uttered. It is proportioned in length with regard to its diameter, and also In other respects. The proportions may vary a good deal, but these are its main characteristics If a stream line form is taken and Its tail is cut off, a gap or vacuum is formed be hind. This vacuum is often noticed tt the back of a train, which will be leen to suck up a cloud of dust and paper behind it when it is going along it a high speed. When the stream line body passes through the air, the tail fills the gap and so gives the minimum resistance to its progress. . Resistance to Air. " While the subject of air resistance 'o bodies is under consideration,, it uld be well to have a general un - Jtrtanrting on the importance of air . resistance to the car s ability and teonomy of performance. In the first place, consider the windshield resist ance to the air. The air current strikes squarely on the flat surface and leaves a vacuum behind for a certain distance. Various eddies and back draughts are caused. On a roadster these are extremely unpleas ant for the driver, and in a touring car the rear passengers suffer. A sloping windshield helps to deflect the air current in a better way and a!o decreases the head-on resistance. The resistance which the car has to overcome is the resistance due to the speed of the car itself plus or minus the speed of the wind, according to whether it is a head or tail wind. For the sake of simplicity a direct wind will be taken so that complicated figur ing can be avoided by ignoring the side winds. In order to determine the car's resistance to the air, the area of the surfaces that are presented must be determined. The parts to be considered are the radiator, radiator mudpan, windshields, fenders, front and rear: maximum width of the body, and the headlights. If tooKor battery boxes and spare tires are carried on the side of the car or running board, they must also be taken into account. Not only do they offer additional re sisting surfaces to the air, but they tend to break up the air streams, form ing various broken and cross-cur rents. Formula, for Resistance. In order to obtain an accurate idea of the power absorbed by the air re sistance, an area of 25 square feet will be taken as the frontal surface af fected by wind resistance, as this is a good average for an ordinary car The formula for getting the wind re sistance will be taken where P O.OOJ AV A is the area in square feet. V the velocity in miles per hour, and P the pressure in pounds. This will give, for the speed of 10 miles per hour, 7.5 pounds; for 20 miles per hour, 30 pounds; for 30 miles per hour. 07.) pounds. The next thing to do is to find out how much power is used. This can be determined by the formula. P X it. per min. 33.000 P is the pressure and 33,000 pounds er minute represent one horse power. forking out the three pressure ob tained, the horse cowers reauired are -wo, 1.5 and 5.S, respectively. It is noticed that the horse power required increases very rapidly with the speed. and if a speed of 60 miles per hour be taken, the pressure becomes 270 pounds and horse power required 43. This last condition could occur if the (car were running at 30 miles per hour gainst a wina going at ju miles per hour. This would result in the same wind pressure that would be had by drivihg at 60 miles per hour without a head wind. April Motor Life.- Nebraska Beets May Win. War for Nation and Allies Beet Suf ar Factory at Gering, Neb. It is a far cry from the bucolic nitrates and also for rebuilding im- Locking the Car. Many modern cars are fitted with a battery ignition system in which the distributor arm is removable. By removing this arm the car owner makes it possible" to steal his vehicle only by towing it away or by fitting another distributing arm. The arm may be removed by unclasping the distributor cover to which the wires are attached. It usually, happens that there is only one way in which this arm will fit. ao that ther nA be no worry about replacement i beet sugar fields of western Nebraska to the belligerent batteries of big guns of the allies along the western battle front in France, yet war has brought the two sections into intimate rela tionship. A large part of the high explosives required to propel the immense pro jectiles used o wean the Hun from his worship of the god of war and the Idol of autocracy are produced in the peaceful irrigated valleys of the western part of Nebraska. Sugar, made from the beets grown in the semi-arid district of Nebraska, is a basic element in the making of high explosives. The raw product, treated with nitric acid, mixed with sulphuric acid, converts sugar into nitro substitute analogous to gun cot ton and nitro glycerine. Why Sugar Is Scarce. Because Mars is ravenous for the food which reduces human beings to pulp is one of the reasons why sugar for human consumption is so scarce that it is seriously proposed to give it out in rations by means of sugar cards. By the use of synthetic processes the modern beet sugar plants, located at Gering, Scottsbluffs, Baird and Grand Island, in this state, have reclaimed from the pulp of the sugar beet many important valuable by-products, but it remained for the necessities of war to reduce this to the nth power. In the days when all was well with me universe, and oetore it was ptunged into the hecatomb of world war, potash was a mineral product so pienmui ana cneap tnat there was never a thought that it would ever be scarce and fabulously valuable. German Had Monopoly. Germany had a practical monopoly on the product and when her gates were shut as a source of world suoolv by her offensive the best brains of the nation's chemists were called upon to discover new sources of supply. - Almost by accident the potash lakes of western Nebraska were providental- iy round, ihen came the. discovery of the process of converting vast marine fields of kelp, found in the waters along the Pacific coast, into potash and iodine. Greatest Discovery Comes. List comes the greatest conserva tion discovery of all, the process of reclaiming- from beet- molasses and the alkaline waters used in washing the sugar beets, and the bone black used in refining the sugar, the precious potasn neeaea tor making explosive Ml CHfi W DIE ft S f X Famous For lis Manveloiis ' Motor -. ......... , . j ' Why Women Choose The Chandler WOMEN choose the Chandler Six quite as much for the ease with which they may drive it on any kind of roads or in any kind of traffic, as for the grace of its body designs, the comfort of its deep-cushioned seats and the beauty of its finish. . They choose the Chandler, too, because of Its mechani cal dependence, its ever-readlness. Thousands of women drive Chandlers, and, even though they may not know the why of its mechanical excellence, they know and appreciate tle extraordinary quality of this great car. f Chandler body designs offer a pleasing range of selection. SIX SPLENDID BODY TYPES Svn-Pusfngir Touring Car, SJ998 1 JtourJOimn?tr Roadster. 41S9S Four-Passenger Dispatch Car. S167S Convertible S04an. S239S Convertible Coupe. 32193 Umoxuine, 92893 Com Choose Your Chandler Now CARD-ADAMS MOTOR COT T 2421 FamajnSt Omaka. R. L Alley, Chandler Manager. Lincoln. CHANDLER MOTOR CAR COMPANY CLEVELAND poverished soil areas in the eastern and southern parts of the country. The sucrpse content of beet sugar molasses contains a high percentage of potash, which is reclaimed from the sucrose by chemical destruction. This product, after it had passed the various stages of sugar extraction was so offensive that it coufd not be used for cattle feeds and was waste. Now it will be as valuable in proportion as the sugar itself. ; The water that is used in washing the sugar beets and that is extracted in the centrifugal processes of macre ation is heavy with basic salts and saccharate of lime, all potash produc ing. Building Big Basin. The Great Western Sugar company at Scottsbluffs has already commenced work on the construction of a big settling basin, 12 acres in extent and 30 feet deep to hold the water used in washing the beets and which hold in solution the alkaline and saline pre cipitates that produce the potash. The same evaporating plants used in extracting the sugar from the pulp juices of the bfcets will be used to re claim the potash. Another industry that has lain dor mant for ages has been developed by the war. That is the production of Epsom salts in this country. Epsom Salts in Albany. Brooklyn lake, in Albany countv. Wyoming, is essentially a lake of Epsom salts, or sulphate of magnesia. Until the war the United States was supplied with the product from Eng land, Spain and Italy. War demand for magnesia as an explosive element shut off a large portion of the Ameri can supply and as a result of the in sistent demand the waters of Brook lyn lake are being evaporated and made to yield Epsom salts, and mag nesia for th?s country. The lake contains the largest visi ble supply of this product there is in the world and it can me more cheaply manufactured than any place else in the world, and after the war will re main an enduring and important American industry, born of war con ditions. Spare Latch. In battery ignition systems there Is usually employed a notched rotor against which presses the latch or tripper, wjth short springs attached. When' this latch becomes worn, the entire system - will fail to operate properly, and it is a wise precaution to carry a spare latch in the tool box. It is not difficult to remove and re- lace this latchP which fits in but one way, so that there is no danger " of placing' it wrong. , , , , - 4 y ' ' Fuel Waste. The correct proportion of gasoline for a perfect fuel mixture is .07 of a pound of gas to a pound of dry air. It is possible to operate on a mixture containing as much as .12 of a pound of gas to the pound of dry air, which is nearly twice as much gasoline as is needed. This wide range of mixture strength constitutes the greatest factor in wastage of gasoline The majority of car owners run more near Iy at the maximum strength than at . the minimum, which would give them better results. They are using nearly twice as much fuel as there is any need for. - Think it over.' mi bJeeroElGET Seven-passenger Tourster THE average gasoline mileage of more than 60 Cole AeroElghta of all types driven from the factory within' the last two weeks has been in excess of 14 miles to the gallon. The general performance of the cars more than substantiated every claim made for them. TO ENDOW a ear with die aetounJlng power, epeed and acceleration of the Colo Aero Eight and at tHe same time pre serve its extreme economy of operation has required real me chanical genius. To conceive designs as perfect in their symmetry, as alluring in their poise and as complete In their fittings reflects the crafts manship of the master Builder DE BROWN AUTO SALES CO. Who!el Distributer for Iowa and Northern Nebraska 1 Soma Good Territory Open for Live Dealers. 2210 Farnam St., Omaha, Neb. 1414 Locust St. Des Moines, !a. Traynor Automobile Co. Retail Distributer 2210 Farnam St. Phon Doug. 5268. COLE MOTOR CAR COMPANY, INDIANAPOLIS, U. S. A: 1 if fJ Be Independent of Mile Posts! Transportation is our vital national problem. It is not only esscn tial that we convey more soldiers, food stuffs and supplies overseas, but we must also quicken our stride at home. "Speeo! up" is the clarion call that sounds throughout the nation. And Speed means the automobile. If your car is a Paige you will be independent of mile posts. If your car is a Paige, you will have a staunch, sturdy ally that will .enable you to double your business efficiency and bring healthful relaxation to every member of your family as well In addition, lyouwiUhaye PAIGE-DETROIT MOTOR CAR COMPANY, DETROIT. MICHIGAN MurphyBrien Auto Company J: 18l4 18 Farnam St-Omaha, Neb. Phone Tyler 123. , . Dealers Some good territory available for dealers. : J A 1 f D. OHIO Jj