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About Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922 | View Entire Issue (March 8, 1914)
5-B A Talk with President of Perui The Omaha National Bank Statement made to the Comptroller of the Currency MARCH 4, 1914 r THE OMAHA SUNDAY BEK: MARCH 8, 1914. &teajn plows in -ike Peruvian JDesoHr (Copyi'lghcd, 1914, by Prank G. Carpenter.) in n in 1Xfl Peru. 1 havo Just ro 2 TP turned from the Rational pal P y acc, whero 1 have had a Ions Rr mi chat with Senor Ciulllcrmo iil.SfiL BlUlnghurst, tho president ot sl t10 pcruvlnn Republic. Tho palace stands on the Plaza ancles to the great National Mayor, at rlsht cathedral that was founded by Pizarro in 1S35. The palaco itself was built about tho name time, and 'It has all tho feu turcs of the Spanish architectures of the days of Columbus. It covers a whole city block, and its ground floor area must be six or eight acres. It has two stories, and It consists of large rooms with wide marble stairways leading to the second floor. Tho building runs around patios, and in these are royal palms and tropical flowers. On my way in I was shown a flgtrc that was planted by Pizarro. It is more than COO years old and is still bearing fruit. My audience with tho president, was ar ranged by tho American minister to Peru, Mr. Benton McMlllln. and we went"tothe palaco together. Passing the. soldiers at the entrance, we walked through the hall in which Pizarro was killed, and ascended a marble stairway to the second floor. Hero we met Mr. Clsrieros, the secretary of the president, ,and a moment later were shaking tho hands of the man whom I might call tho Theodore Itoosevent ot Peru. An Airirreaslva. Itnler. President BlUlnghurst is an aggressive Rnd progressive ruler. Ho Is a fighter, a man of the people and h believes in the masses. Like Mr. Roosevelt, he has had a military career, and has won his spurs on the battlefield. He is not afraid. He told me that the danger of revolutions as fnr as Peru is concerned Is over nnd that even should there be trouble, he had something like 250,000 hard-fisted men who would come to tho support of the administration. The presl dent .told me that ho was elected without applying for the office. He did not want to be president and was about to retire from active business. His support was so strong, however, that l. was induced to head the presidential ticket, and he is now putting (n fourteen hours of hard labor each day in serving Ills country. He s a. progressive president, and has under way reforms which include the building tip of the national credit and tho development of Peru along modern lines, President BlUlnghurst Is, I judge, about 611 years, old. He Is ot medium height und weighs pet haps ICO pounds. His head Is large and his faco full, with a nigh forehead and twinkling black eyes. He awake English. fluently, und our conver sation was carried on In that tongue. The first subject woo the present condi tion of Peru, Tho president said: . Coveted ! Many. "One of the great troubles of Peru la that It Is coveted by the countries about it. '.-We have an enormous territory. Our'tountry is ono-slxth the- size of all Europe, and parts of It are exceedingly rich. Wo havo about us smaller coun tries, the most ot which look with long ing eyes upon our possessions. We arc, in fact, in the same position as the rich man Versus tho poor man. The rich man has many law suits. His neighbors covet his possessions and dispute his titles tq them,. That Is tho condition of Peru. We have had trouble with Ecuador, Colombia, Brazil, Bolivia and Chile as to our boun daries, and In many ot these cases tho cxac: territory of each country is still unsettled. Nearly every country- is try ing to claim something that we think, is our own, and wc been kept so busy In trying to hold to our rights that we have not r"ad the opportunity to develop our resources." Wllllnur tu Arblfi-nte. "We are willing to arbitrate matters with Ecuador, but the Ecuadorans seem afraid to risk such a decision. Our records indicate that our boundaries extend al most to Quito and they fear the result. The Colombians hold much the same views as to arbitration, and wo are hav ing disputes as to Bolivia and have had some with Brazil. If we could only agree upon some middle ground as our perma nent boundaries and allow the balance of .he territory to be subject to arbitra tion, we might be free from come of our complications and In the end be better of) What wo need Is peace and surety of potsofclsion. We only want a square deal V Only a day or two after this Interview -was had the president was imprisoned by revolutionists ' and wo are willing to submit the ques tions to fair Judges. Some ot tho countries have proposed that It be left lo the pope. I .would not agree to that, for, Just now, you know, Peru has thrown off tho dic tation of tho church nnd has declared re ligious liberty throughout the whole coun try. I will not say that that was a wlso thing to do at the present time. Wo had rellglouB liberty before Jn reality, al though not nominally so. At any rate It does not seem to be the psychological moment to ask tho popo to pass upon questions of such vital relation to us." "But havo you really much good terri tory, Mr. President?" I asked. Empire In Itself. "We have an empire. The greater part ot the republic is susceptible of develop ment. This is so of tho coastal zone and of tho high plateau In the mountains, and alBo of the slopes to tho cast which go down to the Amazon valley- Right ricre on the coast we might have three times as much cultivated land as wo now have, and' we expect to secure this by irrigation. Wo have , more than fifty streams that now flow down from tho Andes and cross 'the desert on their way to the sea. There are tracts oi cultivated territory along each of these streams and wherever water can be go to the soil lit produces llko tho Nile jvalley. We have had surveys made and we bcllevo that wo can treble tho irrigated area. The matter is already well under way and congress has authorized mo to -issue $10,00d,000 worth of bonds, the proceeds from which are to bo used .for that pur pose. This money will soon be available and wo shall begin work at once." "Does this mean that you will turn tho water out over the desert plains or tho pampas?" "No. Some of my people believe that advisable, but r am In favor of using tho valleys until we have made every aero of them Into plantations. We know the soil there, and when that. has been reclaimed there will be time enough to consider the pampas." '"Tell mo about your plans for -the high valleys between the ranges of the Andes, Mr. President." - Knorraonx Possibilities. "There is"unother enormous field - for j development We have uplands there i that aro much like the high valleys of Switzerland. We have plateaus upheld j by the mountains, and those plateaus aro nlready covered with sod. We have vast herds of cattle and millions of sheep In the Andes. They feed upon the plateaus and we believe that these pastures can bo ; greatly Improved. Wo are trying to breed new grasses, and If we can do as we hope there is really no limit to our pov fllbllltlcs In the production of- beef aytd j mutton. We aro Introducing now breeds J of cattle and sheep, and the day will some time come' when Peru will be orio of tho great wool and meat exporting coun tries. Indeed, I see no- reason why we should not eventually send meat to your markets through the canal. "Another feature of our hlRhland devel opment," continued Mr. BlUlnghurst, "is in the raising of .grain. Wo find that barley will grow welt at 12.000 feet nnd moro above the sea, and we aro Inducing the pople to plant it. Here Is a bottlo containing dome barley from the high lands. It is not at all bad. We have millions of acres that are adapted to that grain. We can also raise wheat In northern Pjeru, and we shall eventually produce our own flour. Just now I am planning to import wheat and grind the flour here. We shall protect the industry by tariff. Wc aro raising good tea near Ouzco. All the tea I drink at my table comes from there. Illrli Mineral DeiiosKa. "And then as to .our mineral lands." continued tho president. "I hardly know how to express their extraordinary rich ness. The whole, of the mountains from Ecuador to Bolivia are highly mineral ized, and wo must have vast unknown deposits Nf silver and copper. The oM mines of the Spaniards aro now being reopened, and wo are finding new mine and new minerals almost every month. We have, you know, tbo greatest deposit of vannadlum In the world, and we hav Vast quantities of tungsten near Ch!ni bote. The copper mines of Cerro da Pasco are about the largest In all Sout America, and there are other treasure vaults of tho Andes yet to be opened Tho gold placer deposits on the eastern side of the mountains aro said to be enor mously rich' "And the Montana, your excellenoy, what can you do wtb the slopes of tun mountains on the eastern side of tho country?" Work In Itn Infancy. "That region is a world In Itself," re piled the president of Peru. "Wo have a heavy rainfall on the eastern slopes of tho Andes, and the cllmato varies from the: temperate to tho. tropical zones. Wo can prow coffeo and cacao pretty well up In tho mountains, and further down' we have all sorts of tropical fruits. On the lowlands wo have rubber and vast traces that will p rod u co sugar cane, tobacco and cotton. That Dart ' of Peru comnrlsej moro than half our territories, and It Is all virgin soli. Tako the provlnco of Madro do Dios. which wo havo recently opened down .near Bolivia. It Is esti mated that over 6,000,000 pounds of rub ber have been taken from that reel on. and that thero are largo quantities left. Tho lands there will produce sugar cane rice, cotton and coffee, and on tho slopes of the mountains they aro grazing cattle and sheep. The country is also rich mln- eraliy, nnd this is so of much of the Montana. A great deal of the cold of tho Incaa camo from that region. Transportation la Handicap. "Tho Chief difficulty rut tn tlin rinvAlnn. ment Of tho Montana." oontlniinrl Trnl. dent BlUlnghurst, "Is transportation. The oniy way to got tho crops out Is on' the backs ot men or on mules, and tills makes It impossible to do any farming upon a largo scale; Wo expect, however, to ex tend our railroads that now cross 1ia Andca down Into the Amazon vpiinv. Thi can bo easily done, nnd wo will then have nn outlet to both the Atlantic and the Pacific oceans. Wo have nlann for iv. eral railroads to go through that country to me great tributaries of tho Amazon. Just at tho present we havo not tho money to mako tho cxtenslonit. nnd tht la one reason why I have not approved ot tho McCune concession, which pro vided for tho building of a. rallrnurl tn the Ucayall river. I believo. however, that wo shall soon have railroads reach ing to the Amazon valley, and that tho Montana will cventuallv h nrtA nf tlin most thlctfly populated parts of Peru." win not tho Panama' canal hurry up this development?" "It should do so. Bni With railroads to tho Amnion. 11. hlf,hn; pricea products or the eastern slope of the mountains may be brounht down in the Pacific and go northward through tho canai. utners or the products will go Uown the Amazon and out tn th Atinn. tic. We do not expect to receive o great ncnctit from the canal right nt the start, but we believe that it will steadily In crease our trade, brlnclntr ia much r!n.r to your country and Europe, It Is our hope that It will lead many of your Amer ican capitalists to come down nml innit over the ground with a view to Invest-Ing.- As it Is now" some of our most val uable .mines aro owned in thef United States nnd some of the best development works-of Peru aro being dono by Ameri cans. This Is so with Cerro de. Pasco, with Morococha and with other large copper properties." Work In Itn Infnncy. ' What are you doing to prepare for the canal?" "Our work so far Is at Its beginning," replied the president. "I have here a scheme for the' Improvement of the har bor of Callao that will give us tho finest anchorage for shipping on the west coast of South America, If not one of tho fin est of the whole world. We have, as you know, Just opposite Calloa. lying parallel with the coast and loss than three miles away, the high island of San Lorenzo. At tho southern end the strip of water between tills islarid and the coast Is very nhallow, und we havo found that by tho building of a breakwater we can unlto the two and make an expanse of deep water perfectly shut off from tho sea, large enough to hold all the fleets of the world. "We are making our surveys for build ing this Improvement land, as our engi neers figure, it will require the dumping of only about 1,000,000 cubic yards of rock, which can be easily gotten from the islands and the mountains of the main land. Colonel Ooethals has looked over the plans, and he says the Job Is an easy one. There seems to be no engineering difficulties In sight, and, according to the estimates of our surveyors, it will require less than (3,000,000 to build When this Is done, Callao will be the chief port of western South American and one of the great coaling stations of the eastern Pacifia Wo have beds of anthracite coal at Chimbote which we can use. and we 4 i 1 RESOURCES toans and Discounts Overdrafts U. S. Bonds for Circulation -Stocks and Bonds - - - . -Banking House and Vaults U. S. Bonds for Deposits $ ' 207,000.00 Due from Banks and Ap proved Reserve Agents 4,097.478.11 Cash on Hand - Due from U. S. Treasurer $7,429,219.66 1,617.04 1,010,000.00 405,893.69 650,000.00 2,208.756.06 50,000.0a 6,563,234.17 LIABILITIES '-i Capital - - Surplus - a; Undivided Profits5 Circulation Deposits - r - . ... ,1 " M $16,059,94,92 $ 1,000,000.00 i 500,000.00 . 324,429.8.6 1,000,000.00 13,235,535.06 $16,059,664.42 OFFICERS ; J. H. MILLARD, WM. WALLACE, W. H. BUOHOLZ, WARD M. BURGESS, . President. Vice-President. Vice-President. Vice-President; j' J. DeF. RICHARDS, FRANK BOYD, B. A. WLIOOX, "u Cashier. Ass't. Cashier. Ass't. Cashier, ' t EZRA MILLARD, O. T. ALVISON, , " Ass't. Cashier. Ass't. Cashier. v DIRECTORS w CHARLES, H. BROWN, E. A. OUDAHY, LOUIS 0. NASH, ISAAC W. CARPENTER, ARTHUR 0. SMITH. Farnam and Seventeenth Streets . have also fuel oil In great quantities to supply any steamers burning petroleum." Have Wireless Stations.- The conversation hero turned to wire less tolegraphy, and President Dllllng hurst spoke of the wonderful results that have been attained by sending messages from the top of Mount Cristobal, a desert hill about 1,000 feet high, that lies Just back of Lima. Said he: . "We had been warned by the German scientists and wireless experts that thero would bo no use ot putting a station on that little mountain. They said we could not send messages over the Andes, which, as you know, reach an altitude of threo or four miles, and lie Just behind. Never theless, our Peruvian advisers told me thoy believed tho thing could bo done, and we decided to try it. Wo put up our steel towers, and tho results havo proved that tho Germans were wrong. W6 nro now sending messages light over the high Andes, down to our wireless station at Iqultos, on the Amazon river. Wo are sending messages to different places In the high mountains, and even northward to Panama and direct to New York. We have not only dono that, but we have sent messages right over the Andes and across the wholo continent to Wo Janeiro, and wo have gotten messages from ships coming into Rio, Wo received such a message from a German steamer only a fow days ago. The steamer had not yet landed at Rio, but it announced Its com ing to our wireless station at the top ot I San. Cristobal. We have, In fact, tho whole ot South America now accessible to that station." Majority are Indlnns. "What Is the condition of your people so far as advancing civilization Is con cerned? Am the masses, Including the Indians, becoming more enlightened?" "I think so," said President Billing hurst. "The people are advancing far more rapidly than tho educated, classes of Peru realize. Our laboring men are beginning t.o think for themselves and to make their demands upon their em ployers. I have men hero every day from all parts of Peru, bringing In grievances of one kind or another. They know that I sympathize with the labor ing man, and they look for me to stand between them and their employers. In deed, they have so much faith In my desire to help them that I fear some times to redress their grievances. The trouble is that when they get back home thoy camiot distinguish between liberty and license and thoy are liable to commit outrages, believing that I will uphold them. You see we hayo here a nation Just in the making, and many of the peo ple ot our tower classes are beginning for the first timo to feel freo. "I am Interested In the welfare of the, poor man," continued Senor Dilllngriurst. "I want to sec him havo a better home, higher wages and a square deal. Among the other things that I am doing here "in Lima Is the building of borne model homes for our workmen. We are making them of concrete and they are muoh more san itary than tho ordinary dwellings," Only Certain Kinds. "Does Peru want Immigration?" I asked. "Yes," replied the president, "but not such Immigration as is going to take away the work from Us own people. Our Asiatic labor has not proved to be a success. The Chinese do not work, and the Japanese are too Independent and they want to work tor themselves. Just now we have more labor than we can use right here In Lima, and our people ar going to Chile. I should like to see them stay here and with the Introduction of foreign capital we ought to have plenty of work for everyone In Peru. Our people mako good workmen. Tho laboring claBnea ot tho high Andes nro efficient and even the wild Indians mako excellent hands, Just now wo aro Having quite an awaken ing among the laboring men, A month or so ago a delegation ot Chilean laborers camo here and discussed socialistic and other questions. They wero ycll recolved and upon leaving they asked somo ot our people to go back and mako upceches In Chile. The laborers applied to .me and I sent about twenty of them there. Thoy made speeches all 'over the country In favor of fair hours and fair wages and tho rights ot tho laboring man." "What aro tho relations of Peru to tho United States?" I asked, "Thoy are ot the very best nature,"' replied tho president of Peru, "unJ we believe that the friendship of the two countries - will grow closer and closer. You are rich in money, and we are rich In mines and lands. We can help ach other." FRANK G. CARPENTISR. PRATTLE OF THE KIDDIES. .mall Kdgar had been spanked for pull ing the cat's tall. Tho next day he was found doing the same thing. "Edgar," said his mother, severely, "do you want another spanking?" "No, thank you." ho replied. "I don't really care for any more." "Mamma," said a little -year-old, looking up from her plate, "I used to eat. wlf my spoon and now I eat wlf my SUFFERED AGONIES WITH ERUPTION Soto on Face for Three Years. Nothing Would HhaU Red, Angry and Inflamed. Frightful Disfig urement, Cuticura Soap and Oint ment Cured, Left Not a Scar. 710 Green St., Boone, Iowa. 'I went to seo my brother Jut summer and was hor rified to find a raw sore on his faco tbo tiro of a quarter or a dollar. He said It bad been thero three years and nothing would heal It. II If pillow was stained .with blood each morning. He had suffered agonies with pain. The sore wa red, sngry. Inflamed and bleeding at the edges or tbo soro. It was a frightful disfigurement to his face. "He had used home-made salve and (ptions of mny klodi but nothing kept It heeled. It would break out again after we thought It was healed. Then I washed It threes times a day with Cuticura Soap and spread on the Cuticura Ointment. It gradually bealed around the edges snd In three months it healed all over leaving not a scar to mar bis check. He was cured." (Signed) Mrs. Emma rhclan, June 2, 1013. If you with a skin ciear of pimples, black heads and other annoying eruptions, hands soft and white, hair live and glossy, and scalp freo from dandruff and Itching, begin to-day tho regular' uit of Cuticura Boap for the toilet, bath and shampoo, asiisted by an occasional light application of Cuticura Ointment. No other method It so agreeable, so economical, and so often effective. Cuti cura Soap (25c) and Cuticura Ointment (fiOc.) are told ererywhwe, A tingle set la often tufSclent. Liberal sample of each mailed free, with 32-p. Skin Book. Addroi pott-card "Cuticura. Dept. T. Boston." ' r I 1 i ... tlcura Soap will find it best for skin and scalp. fork: how old must I bo 'foro I can cat wlf my knife?" Mamma: "Now, 1cla, -you 'should be po llto and' offer grnnuma a 'share of your birthday candy." . , Little Iola; "I would, mamma, " I was sure sho'4 be polite and not tako any." Mrs. Kawler Your slslor's fiance's name Is Turpln, I understand. Willie Yea, and I guess he must bo a holds sister up every time he calls. "Tommy," said Tommy's niothor, "I am afraid you will make yourself ill. Do stop eating'. How Is It that you can pos sibly eat so much?" "I'm sure I don't know " said Tommy, thoughtfully, taking another bite, "gucs it's just good luck." niram. ' When a man Jumps at conclusions) the rest ot us can generally-see his finish. No man has such an Impediment In his speech that he can't say a good word for himself. t Second thoughts aro best only when thoy arrlvo on time. Even tho people who are sure of their reward in heaven on't seem to be In any particular hurry about claiming it. The man who . raises objections is pretty auro of a large crop. Many a man with a futuro before him is handicapped by a past behind him. Borne society girls blossom Into wall flowers, and somo arc nipped In the bud. A great many young men have an en tirely falso idea about marriage. Some of them even expect to have their own way about It New York Times. Mary T. Goldman's Gray Hair Restorer Will Restore the Original Color to Gray and Faded Hair For years we have displayed iu drujf store wiadorrs a woman with gray hair on one side of her bead, the other half of her hair being restored to the original color by Mary T. Goldman's Gray Hair Restorer. Those who have seen this display nave seen with tbelr own eyes the truly wonderful powers of Mary X. Ooldaiw'ti Hair Restorer to restore the original color to gray and faded bsir. The Original Preparation AS ceod thlntfl are cooled. MirrT.OoM- tnsn's Gray Hair Restorer is tho original preparation, so beware ot Imitations with names that look and sound like the original. There are now many imitation being told. They have copied labelt. boxes and style of bottle as nearly as they dare. But It's what's inside the bottle that counts. Poor Imitations made to sell at a low wholesale S rice are fount, at dsalers' who waist to nib a 1 to 73 per cent more than they can make by selling, tbs original Mary T.Ooldaan'a Oray Hair Restorer. Somo dealers bay theiepoorimltations so cheap that tbey cast and do pay their clerks 10a commliilon oa every bottle they sell. Andyoupaythecoos mlttjon und seta worthlett article betides. Think it o-er. Then tntit t oq the renukae At ci MA sad jmr thick, hetrjr Led wtr and eonUInt .no and Hulnliup thtt molt ha htkta up. It dotj nnt sir ilia hair a"ajd" M.rr T. Goldmia't Qnt Hair lie. to re r Is th hair will In roatorad tn lt aHptnal eelor apiMariine. beoanaa U la an roll' Tha hat will Imi vntnrad tn 1 la from four In ataht .lata. Whara tha hair li jtut bafunlng to tarn erar. tba graiDeaa will alaajr alaapp ar with ona crtnoappllratloni. it la abanlutalr harmlMianlorerW,0OJaatl. nan oaara nay praraa 11, air ror inj 3 em bar. we acrid to full-tltaliottla that larrc ai7 aoltl for (l.O). EraroHo'tlo latent prepaid. MarrT. Goldman. 39lCUman Bide, St. Paul, Minn. Bhtrmatt t McConntU Drug Co., lour storts. a MARY T. GOLDMAN, (CJ) 391 Goldman Oldf ., St. Paid, Mlaa, j Said matalMiadtt.MbatUaalNarrT.aoMBUa'a a Oraf Hair lUttartr 1 aacloae tta la ataaa areata ta owchartt, ltnl.malrwarUut I taafrelkaRatlartr for mTewauMiUull will aot .tiler l It arret, ead I 4ht I nara atrer n.4 ar porcaaaad aary T. 0ildiaaa?a a Uruj llalr lUiienr. rail Win yfMt,r.pn" Oftee S Coi"it yut Tha orllaal color of ml hair before t It Ur4 to fado or tera rrr era ' a tlnckeo .awpteeC aalr It eoa.auloot) "Live Wire" Business Men of Omaha Telephone Numbers and Addressee of the Gmaha Business Houses File this for reference, you wlU find it bandy. For Complete Information See Classified Section cJ TODAY'S BEE