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About Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922 | View Entire Issue (May 24, 1908)
"What a Wool Market at Omaha Means to Flockmasters of the W est , I '1 ( , r f i . . . ..'... V ' , j J -'-Li ... ., ..:----)A;vi-.-';:v;. ' -v.-.i- ry ' ansjsr i e ' ' ' s Y-M 1. ' '. ' it , -it-..-' . ir ,,,,-. r r- - ' "- 1 -4 " . ; CIIARLRS II. KINO. PRESIDENT OMAHA Storage Company. ORE than 110.000,00 pounda of wool, valued at la.OOO.OCJ. passes throueh Omaha Mirh year on the way to eastern markets, being sold to manu facturers, consigned to com mission merchants and "wool buyers, buyers," specula- who bear a close resemblance to tors. When the valuation and number of sheep In Wyoming waa compiled January 1. 1908, by the state sheep commission It was learned that there were 4,622,278 sheep valued at S2O.35O.00O In that state alone that state alone PUnd" 1H,WM,M. which last year marketed of wool valued at about Careful Investigation showed that Wyom- , ,, , ... ,. . n!ISwalm0,,t v,'yU,lnB had,tcU ... vyinai,., cur ui uu iui bought everything lu growing population needed ln Omaha-the market town. Further Inquiry disclosed the fact that the railroads which haul the wool of the Tran.ml.sour. country to the market, of trie east, or rather originate the traffic, ZT.nat cte"te,r. o"! MiS80Url rlver and that center Is Omaha. t ha. also developed within the last few years that the cattle barons of the west, who once held undisputed sway over the great public domain, have been dls- placed by new lords of wealth and power the sheep men. In Wyoming and Montana, states which depend on Omaha a. a near market, the dust of cattle trail, once clouded the blue skies, but now the old highway, of the steer are grass covered and dusty-backed herds feed on them. The Incessant "ba-a-a" had to be recognised and the sheep men who have gained every foot of ground on the range, which they now possess, by their own enterprise and courage, re solved to take one more step. It was to establish a "near market" which would bt well equipped with fireproof warehouses where the season's clip could be stored at a nominal rate, and backs whose vaults were full of gold. The warehouses which were demanded had to be public ln their character, rather than owned by commission men and brok ers who handled the wool. The bank, had ' to have funds which would be loaned at a rate of Interest not to exceed per cent and accept for col lateral the warehouse certificates, loaning on them up to 40 per cent ot the value Of the wool. For years the growers had been consign- Ing the wool to eastern cities where It wa. stored ln warehouse, belonging to com- ....... u.. w.. v. place of the banks, and. having abundant capital, advanced from 36 to 60 per cent of the market value of the wool and charged Interest for the advance until final settto men was made when the commission dealers .old the wool. In addition the grower, paid the storage. These were some of the condition, and requirement, which confronted the wool grower, of Wyoming, Charles H. King, banker and wool grower; C. F. Redingtoru formerly of the Northwestern railroad company, and President 1. A. Uelfelder of the Wyoming Wool Growers' association, When they resolved to estabilsn a market" for the wjol. near one look at the railroad map of the j ransmissouri country; one estimate ' f rlvep the available capital at Missouri ltlrs and one Inquiry at the banks con con. vlnced them that Omaha was the plao which would meet all the requirements and beside, extend a glad hand and give more than something in return. With tbelr answers In hand from the bankers and a few business men, the pro moters of the wool market applied to the Commercial club for co-oueratlou, especially ln the matter of securing the necessary railroad rates. It was not a new proposition to the Com mercial club this "near market" for the trool crop of the west. For over a yoar Commissioner J. M. Guild and the club' committee on the location ot industries had worked on the proposition to establish a wool market for Omaha. Their efforts had been only rewarded by "favorable answers" from the wool growers and some comments from the railroads, as well as complete discouragement from the eastern markets asked Indirectly to express an opinion as to the necessity for a market at Omaha Neither was the proposition new to Omaha. It had been suggested before and In years past, during the long and active life of Edward Rose water, editor of The Bee. the wool market was advocated. Mr. Rose- water congratulated th. city on having the live stock market and commended the efforts and final establishment of a grain market, but with his far-sighted mind he estimated the Importance of bringing the wool to Omaha as second orjy to the live stock market ot South Omaha. When the shearing season was only sixty days off, the Commercial club took up the matter of securing tlie rates and the Great Western Railroad company promised to furnish a site fur the first wool warehouse. This marked the decline and probable fall ,nd,ai although tht.y a compete Will It. of eastern market, so far as the wool of Tno., tlda, whk.h aM coming- 4,wn to the greatest producing states of th. west Ul, ,hIp oa the h)(aa, of thttl gafc of na are concerned, and opened a new era of tlv. tr. destined to be made .t bewta Independenca to the growers of the wool an(1 ,hoes In our American f merles, and who have been at tba mercy of eastern buy. ,ven now many of you ha' Lake Vlo ers for years. Tba proposition was put torla oow.kln under your t. We for s.iuarely to Oeorge 8. Walker, secretary of marly got our best goatskin, from the Bo th. National Wool Orowers association, and malt coast, and they we si! shipped from to the Commercial olub he replied: "The Aden. Arabia. Then one of the Uganda establishment tf a wool market at Oraelia officials, who had been on duty ln Brit, would certainly ba a great assistance to the tsh SomaUland. decide that the goat )rvl growers and I trust that your piaaa skies fruta ther might sent t Amerloa, J. A. DKtFRL.DEn, VlCfi BtorK Comiiany, and Growers' Association, will work out In a manner satisfactory to .11 concerned." To the Inquiry of the club about the wool market. J. A. Munroe. freight traffic man- ager of the Union Pacific, replied: "We shall be glad Indeed to see a wool market ii. t. n i. - x , ,t - eaiaoimnea ai rmu ii.o iiivji i.. with our approval and we shall bo glad to assist all we can." No less cordial was the reply of C. E. Bpens, general freight agent of the Bur- . . . . ungton. wno sam: -wnus mis means a possible division of traffic as between competitors and would result in the read- ...in. thai nit a ti competitors and would result ln tne reaa- justment ot tariffs that might tend to re- arran119 tha present a,V""n' f reVenU as between lines cast and west of the ...... .v, im. , nt - the opinion that the establishment of such m market at umana wouia result in an aa- vantage to the city and ln Increased traffic generally; that all Interested would derive benefit, and so far as the Burlington railroad is concerned we will gladly assist ln making this project a success." Samuel F. Miller, assistant general tMt and p"8enser ttKent ot the chlcago & Northwestern railroad put himself on record ln the same spirit and the three railroads agreed to bring ln an answer by April 15, 1808, aa to what could be done to make It possible to establish a wool mar- ket at Omaha. It was not with any degree of anxiety t . . i, , lu" ol . .u , was awauea oy euner m .womniLTciui club of Omaha or the wool arowers of Wyoming, as the railroads were friendly w uom mo uny oi.u mo u.vini w" ut- Ward an enormous tonnage to the east each year. The condition was that there were no local rates from the wool shipping points - A Future (Copyright, 1908, by Frank O. Carpenter.) WANZA. (Special Correspond- ence of The Bee.) I have left Bukoba and have come to the extreme southern end of Lake Victoria. The distance was nlnety-three miles, and our lit- tie steamer waa ail day coasting the shores, We made our way along a rocky coast. s, t, .y and are now ln a harbor surrounded by rr.l t hills mnA hilMjira fit irrlnltA ...... - Th l.wo. r,mr r. TiV. Vlnlnrli a filf -" ' v- " up by great bays. At my left Is Speke gulf, whlo extends fifty miles Inland, and at my right 1. Erntn Pasha bay, which waa dla- thought they had outlined this part ot the lake. Lying between these Is the peninsula upon which this town or Mwanza is situ- ated. It Is the place where John Hanning Bpeke first saw Laka Victoria and an- nouncod Its existence to the world. The first man to go clear around the lake waa v 1 ' a German Tn f Mwansaw Stand with me on the steamship Wlnnl- re ana iaae a iook at mis town or Mwanxa. It runs around a harbor, which i.. -. " '" wc" .guarded by .mall rocky Islands, itie en- narrow urn we seem www ?J.'itllI!I.ne,J,hU. IVr, r.t1 k1" ior.a yanza, a wooaen pier na. Deen Built out into the harbor, and It is at thu that our steamer Is lying. At the begi .in. nlng of the pier I. the custom house. shed walled and roofed with galvanized Iron, and back ot It are the round white towers of the German port. In front of which tall black soldiers ln kakhl inarch up and down. At the right of the custom house are the low bungalows, with white walls and red roofs, which form the hosj.ltal and offices of the civil governor, while at the feft, high up on a hill. Is the home of the mili tary commandant, by far the best house in the place. Between that and the shore extends a forest of oil palms, and further back, behind the fort, running for miles out into the country. Is the native village ot Mwanza, with Us Hindoo stores and thatched huts. The village is cut up by wide streets. There are many trees, and everything looks spick and span and new, future Tradlaar Center. Before 1 tuRe you on shore, let us look at tlie scenes about the wharf, and the loudlug and unloading of the t tamer. This will give some Idea ot the trade of the region, and also of what is going on way out htra ,n lh heart of Ejst Africa, Only a few years ago this country was ab- olutery unknown. It was supposed to be an Impenetrable wilderness; it people were ln continual warfare, and the chief business was the buying and selling of slaves. Today we buy many of Its products, and the richer of Its natives are wearing our cottons. Be that greoi baie of guuda which la being taken off now. - That contain ' Amerlcani, a kind ot sheeting whUi bring, more and sells better than r.lty brourht In from Enirland. flniu. nwt ... WOOL. AND M FRK8IDENT WOOL AND Becretury Wyoming Wool to Omaha on the product, ana no thoughU of proportionate rate, from Omaha to the markets of the world. But the railroad of- flclals worked out a "storage In trsjislf - rate slmlllar to tna -rammg in iransn rates" given on gram, in Drier xney wouia oIMmt lh wnn tft ha hilled to lllA east AJld stopped at Omaha, where It could remain lr storage for one year or until sold, and forward! to the manufacturers in tne east on the same bill of lading on wnlcn 1 asBSaaS naal rrl Haltu BVllntakA " m.w For all present need, this was perfectly satisfactory to the growers and promoters r th hn,,.n in HmDhi Th.n sa.usracto.ry to the growers ana promoters of the wool warehouses ln Omaha. Then th8 Ch,c reat We,tcrn pany, through its general agent at Omaha, n i tpiu. i.i-.j . , .v,,v. v,- ,u. iiMu.ci.cu a wim. "- n' advantage, ot trackage facilities and con- nectlons with all the railroads entering Omaha. Just forty-five days after Charles H v King and C, F. Redlngton walked Into the office of Commissioner Guild of the Commercial club a gang of 100 men waa put 2 Zl t TJ thVf.r.t warehoused store the wool of the 1908 clip. The plan Is to bulId 11 upon the unlt "ystem en" large It on the present site to hold 40,000,000 pounds of wool, on an amount equal to every pound of wool grown In Wyoming and Nevada If It was all sent to Omaha tor storage. when definite Information as to what th .,,., or Omaha would do In furnishing ' fund3 wltQ whlcn t0 nan(iie the 125,000.000 ., vrhlrh will nrnhah v ah n share of their wool to Omaha was de- uZTZZ reived tTom four Omaha bankers: jr. f, .aj. Erection of your new wool warehouse and Great Trading Center on Lake Victorias and so an Immense trade ln that prod- uct has grown up north of the lake, it has extended down here to the south, and some of our finest skins now come from this region. This is so of cattle hides, as well as the skins of goats and sheep. All are exported ln quantities. The regions about the lower end of the lake are largely devoted to .totk raising, The native, have big herd, of cattle, h. .htof nrnfi aliAAn ArA oc,n am. tVt. tVttt r-rft ovm... m.v -- . . t .1 .,. Hunt uio nun ing here for $5 or $4 apiece, and a sheep- skin or goatskin can be bought for a yard or so of American sheeting. Back ln the mimor m prapu w cumum no ion- .kins, with the hair on, as clothing, and even here ln Mwanxa both women and men are dressed ln such skins. , Peamata and Cotton. This country" Is also a land of peanuts, Indian corn and cotton. There la some hubbuoo uDoui me conon, out mis snip win carry awav 11.000 Dounds when it leaves here, and it was all raised within a few miles of Mwanza. The cotton Is put up in 100-pound bales and was carried to this port by two men to each bale. I am told that the seasons are so uncertain. however, that there Is little expectation of maKlna- the 77,000 tons were shipped from German East Afrlc li EurP ycar. anl aomethlng nka 6,ooooo0 pounds went out from Mwanxa. A. . v.,,.. h ... . ,v,. - " ..".. vu .... United States via Aden or Naples, so that there 1. but one transhipment after they leave the coast of the Indian ocean. X have spoken of Mwansa as a future -,- -""': 't: e. 1 f . Lis f - .V- '-ft 1 V 9 - - J r .' "H 9 VAKSUMA WOMAN AND 4 BREAKING! GROUND FOR the launching of a new enterprise, thua tak- JkeC ThS wVceTtflnly E5td vant&geouHly to the sheep Industries lo- cated west and northwest of us. and par- -m a v.- ui.-.,.. J,- " Vm hav s system of certlfl- cation and that your house will be mads ''rvttTUlar." ' nic. bnfc -riu h, nltuuied to make loans wVln,t wVreliS rlcpts for wool when you are ready for business. vy"ri oesi wisues, w. remajn, vry . yiee president First National Bank. understand that you are about to erei? a warehSu.a ror the storage of wool In Omaha, and we believe the location you have selected to be a aood one. in Omaha, and we believe the location you have selected to be a good one. poYslbrefor1 uXo to -lilt's woomar'- kot In Omaha, and to this end have always exoressed a willingness to extend every ..mrnrtaiinn o wool owners SfS.&VWX proposed to Dulla. very truly yours. n fw' ?, CI?T'k Cashier omaba wauonai uant We are especially pleased to know of your intention to build a warehouse In this 'Jn. this direction will be gratifying to you and wt?Wh.rk:f pfS and favor collateral paper, we will no doubt t times be very g ad Indeed to handle yCur.Ct?uTy A.MILLARXyOU' Cashier United States National Bank. We are glad to learn that you are con structing a warehouse for the storage of wool In the city of Omaha. The grounds on which vou are locating Tour warehouse possess excellent trackSge facilities. We bl ova the Flora r a of wool In the c v of P'naha LitL Ll'l'i I", tfe.rTroxy storage or wool in eastern cities, we wish you the best of success in your enterprise f&Xj men In the way of advancing money on trading center. It may be the Chicago of tne Uerman possessions. It Is on a lake which is 10,000 miles bigger than Lake Mich- Igan, and It has a rich country extending for hundreds of mile, to the south, east and west of it. The goods which now come In here are over trade routes which go to Lake Tanganyika and the coast of the Indian ocean at Dar e. Salaam. The trade route, are merely paths-'througrr the .... .1 ,, t . a . I. ... . . i . i ..1 i vvwub. uub nitrjf ie ami u an ii uuuuu uy . . . . . me Dare loot oi mouBunus oi poners, eaca of whom carries sixtv nounda upon his head. The distance from here to the Indian ocean .. not over 600 miles as the crow files, but this human freight train takes seventy daya to make the Journey, and the rates are consequently high. The Germans are now proposing to build railroads between these two points. They have begun at rar es Salaam and are laying a trunk line to- n- .....- rr.i.. u. w v. ,ected at town f d oln norUl to Mwanla Thl, wlu lv9 ... . . . Indianapolis bold In regard to Chicago. Btgb Freight Rate. At present nearly all the freight from here Is carried on British steamer, across the Ua.nda railway to the coast at Mom- basa. I understand that the Germans WAiiM IfltA f n nut f hif tt wn at nmrsi nn l" V. " VI mi iiu, uui inai mo m iusu itiu.o io bring In over their railroad the machinery or supplies necessary to build the boats, They Intend to keep the carrying trade of Lake Victoria to themselves as Ions as ... i V 1 CHILD. JTATTVES THE FIRST OMAHA WOOL. WAREHOUSE. warehouse certificates Issued by your com- pauy. Yours very kjMjjj drake President Merchants National Bank. Few who have not Investigated the rw wno . Din not invesugaiea me sheep Industry In the United State, are aware 0f iu growth ln the west, which . .... .... Deen KTtax trial ss per cent or tne wool dipped each spring Is now produced west of the Mlsslsslnnl river Of the as- nound. ellnned In 1907 over 180- 000,000 pounds clipped ln 1907 over 160,- 000,000 pounds were clipped In the states west of Omaha and which are counted as those which will ship their product to Omaha and give the strongest suorjort to v the market. The promoters of the wool warehouse. In Omaha learned further that the states -hih ,i .K., ... 4 tnW0"' S JTflSl - - ' thelr product' on 1W7 ba"1 re a" follows: tZtrrS.hon 3,m',M0 l.A.W 26;9oiO 8.'liMxio 7,S11.0"0 H51'0"0 J Pounds. Colorado J? J26, i!I5 SSSfi. T.:....-........!? Idaho 17,2W.0uO "h?..:.::::"::::::'!.'?.- Wyoming ............ ...M.OT.OOO Nebraska 1,875,000 Other states which are apt to ship to champion shearer of the United States, has 11 h3 kept down the wool production. Omaha reported the crop of 1907 aa fol- clipped 100 sheep In three hours. It is said In 1878. according to the figures fur low.: that thi. .hearer turns out 178 sheep ln a nished by the Department of Agriculture. Washington 4.8no.O00 9M.000 day through the season. About 100 sheep tUertt wera 86,740,600 sheep ln the country Montana 30,820.000 7.&m.oo . .nm.H .. .n avera. for a and on January 1, 1907. there were 63.- North Dakota 2.112,5.0 6SH.150 may ba ocePti as an average ror a 0', ', , ,90, ther. South Dakota 8,900,000 WW.OO0 shearer. The operators get about 8 cunt. "u' 0 " Ja""ar ..Ll The fact that Wyoming wool growers 'f lL1" 1 .V'8 in making It a success by shipping to "aha. but no less Interested are th. frowers In Montana, Utah and Colorado. they possibly can. And so. If the Germans want steamers, they must bring the iron and other materials for them ln pieces of not over sixty pounds each, on the heads of porters for 6)0 or 700 miles through their own country. This would be costly and al. most Impossible, and the probability 1. that the German steamers will have to wait until the German railroads are built. How would you like to pay J40 a ton for -v,i i i n kln..l,. 1 . jj. . m fwt oii.jiii giauu ui lui i v uiiutnuB vi w m. . . . ... . . ..,-t .fii ium is me raio a young uigiwn- man on board expects to pay to get some rice taken from Bukoba 2u0 miles inland, He wants the rice to feed a gang of port- ers wno are to go with a commission wnicn i now outlining the new boundary between Uganda and the Congo Free State. The rice Is being taken on here, and It will be unloaded at Bukoba, from where the port- era will carry It across country to the boundnrv cnmmiirn Tt la narked nr. In boxes of sixty pounds each, and 1,030 men win be required to carry It. The amount ni i. thirty i.i it win taka, these 1,000 men a month to make the jour- ney. Each porter will get 4 rupees, or $1.33, 0ng enough to wind about the body of a the western wool, regardless of any re for the work, so that the transshipment man or woman with the accompanying ports which may have been sent out from cf that thirty tons of rice will cost 11.833 ln folds. Such a length constitutes a dress eastern cities that the wsstern wool was wages alone, not Including the freight rate on the steamer from here to Bukoba. Trad of Lake Victoria. During my trip around the lake I am VisaVlnir a ami r.i.rw-rt nn t v in rn H.inut 7 'r:1 .. , irauo mailers, lutro are ii.anjr uniiiuin ui natives who might be reached by this lake, and Uncle Sam should send out his drum- mers to show them our goods and study their wants. I have already written of WHO FILE TlfiulR TEETH, : - : V- -: 1' : : ' s ; ' ; f ;e ;.'yf ;'fn: ; . . . ., . I . . I - i ( V ' i Tat ' ' - i .. ' " . 1 ' ' " ' ' .: i' . ' ; - - ' .. . 4 - . . j t5- JAMDS A. Railway. The Burlington railroad runs direct to Oman from Billings, Mont., the greatest wool Bhlpplng center In the world. From the P11"8 s.bout Billings a constant stream OI wo' Pur 10 ln m,i" wareiwuses ana Blrll)s" OI ireigni cars on sweiracKS wn It (n cr fir thn ihlnmunti wfilVi la in " - " " " ,acks- TheM "ck ar Pulle(1 mn tlmcB from thirty to 100 miles across the counrtry, P"ea "'a" on 8 real ireigm wagons ana drawn by six, eight and even slxteen-horse P1Ie high on great freight wagons am! teams. . Shearing season Is now on In the west. Some of the growers have half their flocks clipped. The work Is done by machinery, which takes he fleece off almost ln one ploce. The men who operate them aro pro- iessionais. i ne neraers oring ineir oanos ot sheep up and run thorn Into pen The fesslonals. The herders bring tbclr bands shearers grasp them. There is a "ba-a-a" or perhaps three of them, the keen knives cut through the wool end It drops off like ona garment. ' The shearers, who travel from Texas to Canada and shear sheep all the way up, d0 tne work fa8t tnat ,l doel not relulra a great while to take every fleece from a flock. One shearer, Frank Hewitt of Sara- tna-a. Wvn . ishn la rrAltrA -with belns: the per fleece, and though the work Is exhaust- 'JX '" " Some of the sheep men are making for- tune. In th. west, but the -bH-hment of a near market for the wool, where K American sheeting. We are landing a dosen bales of them here. They are sent ln through Arnold, Cheney & Co. of Zanxibar, who have their traders going through this part of Africa selling goods and buying hides and ivory. They get the sheeting from New Tork, and It has to compete with goods made to Imitate it In England and India, and .old at much lower prices. Of late some cheap German Imitations are also . . . ... . . , n.. . . . . i coming in. i no naiives preier our jviucu- . . ... . . . . .. can gooas to any otner, ana are reaay 10 pay more for them. They can tell the gen- uine American by its smell, and. upon put- ting their noses to the Manchester or Bom- bay goods, they will throw tnem aside in disgust. Indeed, back ln the interior our cottons have become a standard of value, and are used a. money. A sheep, for In- stance, Is estimated as worth a yard and a halt of American!, a cow Is worth nine . v,,,, w r is nr u . valued at sixty yards or more. Contracts for earning goods are paid for In so many .v.n. .-j . u i ,. Umrth n which the goods are sold being strips pattern. The merchants buy tba stuff In pieces of thirty yards each. Watlv Markets. But ... u. , a. i . . . t shore and take a look at ln "'" " " there we can see how these people do business at nome. Wl tne way W8 pa, .PVeral German officials. They are nattily dressed In white duck and each wears a white helmet. Every man of . . . . 1 , , , them carries a hippopotamus skin whip In his hand. These whips are as thick aa one's finger, and slmost as elastic as rub ber. The officials use them to keep the natives In order, and the .lightest cut will draw blood. Going on to the market, which lies Just beyond the fort, we find ourselves ln a Each twist Is the slse of my little finger, covering a quarter of an acre. It Is open at the sides and Its thatched roof Is upheld by round wooden pillars. Upon the floors are scores of black women and men, somo drerd In cottons, others In bark cloth, and not a few ln cowsklns. They are slt- " ting on the ground with their wares lying before them In almost Infinitesimal piles. The poverty of the country Is such that no one can spend more than a cent or so at a time, and the averase purchase Is In the fraction of a cent. H.-re, for instance, is a peanut peddler. Srie Is a blank girl with plugs In her ears. The red shelled nuts are spread out on a mat In bodies of ten, each pile selling for twelve cowry shells, or one tenth of a cent. Farther over la a woman selling tobacco at bne-half cent per twist. Each twist la the site o fmy little finger, and those packages of snuff wraped up ln leaves are not quite as large, Boap and roasted ants are sold In much the same way, and so also are eome klnrtj of Ira ported goods. Here, for Instance, Is a man selling needles and thread. No one here thinks of buying a whole popcr of needles or a whole spool of thread at one time. The needles aro divided up into blocks of two. tl ree or five and stuck into green cane, whtlo tlie thread 4s cut Into short lengths and wrapped sround bits of dried banana leaves and thus sold. In one corner of the market are thy but her shop. All meit is quite rhap, but there Is ro rolling of (he carcass. Into steaks, chops and roasts, as at home. Kach butcher has the dead body and en trails of one animal lying before him. They are usually spri-ad on the bloody skin of the animal which has been killed on the spot where It la sold. The butcher chops 4U.il saws off little chunks of meat accord- (Contlued on Page ThraaJ o ' ELLIS, CHICAGO GRUAT WESTERN 'may be held for better prices, will greatly Increase the profits. Most of the men who have made fortunes have started as sheep herders and have put - - -- ' u.eir savings nuo sn.au holm oi liieir own. uno oi tne mvnem snoep owners m tlw vvrtrlil la fhnrloa f Knlr et Ttlllinira " - " - Mont- Ile ha nla(lu hl fortune with a small beginning. Mr. Bair, besides owning a largo amount oi snecp range in xuoniana, leases a large portion of the Crow Creek inu.an reservation ror grazing purposes. This year Mr. Balr's clip will amount to l.DOO.OlO pounds. It he holds the wool he will probably realise 2 cent, per pound on It, and net 30,u00. Yet this probably repre- sents only about halt of Mr. Balr's income for the year, as his sales of mutton and lor tne year, as nis lamb, are very large. with the wool market located ln Omaha and the packing houses of the olty buy- ing and slaughtering on the average of 1.000 sheep each day, the growers of Wyoming are gaining an advantage which can only be appreciated when they have eoured a neat sum each year by holding s.nd securing a better price. The heavy demand for mutton and lambs promises to become greater each year. Since 1904 ' extraordlry Tot iZ iambs, leading to the selling and slaugh- . - larea nortlnn of the total num. of ,h((p! rep0,u Omaha, Kansas City and Chicago In the last few years show a tremendous ln- crease ln sheep shipped for slaughter and still the supply has hardly kept pace rlth the demand. According to sheep men there are now about 1,000,000 less sheep In the country than at shearing season last year. There has been a evy decrease ln Montana and Idaho, mn "lc"M" ,n ,ul"- ttul ul" W001 market at umana promises lndu"try which must necessarily be a Dene"t t0 tna growers. The "pullery" follow a wool market as a general thing. Already the Commercial olub Is eoaslder- . 1 a nlajit f r nulU the from the hides whlchthey will buy ,h ..,. h. lnm pacKing nouses. t, ,, i. . v, rt , , u ..,,.1 -,i.w - I1"-'""! UOUBBS COU1Q lUrniBQ B rjullerv with more than 1 000 nelta tiar d y Th. D lu Montana and Idaho ,,', .hi a ... ni ,.x,.... v.1 diverted to Omaha, while a large number can be picked up from the country butch- ers. giving a pullery some 1 600 to 1 800 poiU per aay M a .tarter. The largest pullery In the world is the McMillan pullery at Minneapolis, which when run. nlng at Us full capacity, and having bsn tnKiiui,.H . mK.. . KT only pull from 8,600 to 1,600 pelts per day. . That h. t.. ... .in be compelled to come to Omaha to buy not needed. Is shown by the report of the Department of Agriculture which credits the wool of the west with being the finest offered to the buyers of the world. Here Is a report of a few states, show. Ing the quality and average value per scoured pound October 1. 1907: r. in Wyoming-Fine, f"e medium.... Value. ....$007 63 U7 Nebraska line, fine medium.. "ana- me. une meaium Utah Fine, fine medium guuih UiUtota Fine, fine medium, Colorado Fine, fine medium .67 .1.3 M ..a .66 .w .64 .M .69 Idaho Fine, line medium.. Pennsylvania fine; 76 medium.., New Hampshire 2 fine; 70 medium. Indiana 15 fine; Sf. medium North Carolina Medium Massachusetts Medium Michigan fine; i& medium Thu. it Is seen that while the sheep on the western ranges already furnish the fin est wool grown ln the United States, the rtate authorities and the government are working constantly to Improve the quality. The government Is giving particular atten tion to breeding the most suitable sheep for western range condition, and an experi ment station has been established at Lara mie, Wyo., where the development of the Ideal sheep Is being curried out. It la the aim to produce a sheep that Is at one hardy and active, a great wool producer and first class for market purpose.. When this result has buen obtained America will have to depend on no other country for a portion of Its wool as It does toGay, but th. manufHctuiers may come out to Omaha and buy their wool at auction or private sale, and turn to the great range, of the west which pri.mife to help America be come the first, Instead of the third among tho sheep breeding nations of the world, de.i'lte the trouble and trials of sheep rais ing eluKciihtd by the shepherds and chanted l.y them ln the lonely Wyoming camps: O. Man that herds the sheep has got lots e.f .'UUM to weep He'd belter join u.o army and get fat; Fur will, sheep you do ,i't lazy, though their mind la never ai.;v. And at length they will drive ve you crazy wuh their blut. 1 ; Vou t. ke It In the spring when the lambing You walk ui.ii your feci ,re slweeya sore ror 11 .y aie if., 0:1. r here n.i.l tU-.-r aud And the, (ti blut and the lambs keep u a re.ir. When the press gets short below to the mountains then w go; Thu ew.s start off like greyhounds nit. a-pat; ' " They e aii beat the swiftest deer or an Texas steer, ' While vou travel to th musio of their 6