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OURACU1S1T1O FRO1 FRANCE
; Eegio Bepte86thd in the Orcat Tram
misiszppi Exposition.
\4 1R0M WILDERNESS TO FERTILE 11E1D
.
)1nrrI1on , . Chnnwe Wrought In the
: Yn.il Territory flongbt VnsIer
3're.tdent Jelrr..un % . fjy
the Vntted 8tatc3 ,
' p. Manaeron tn 2tay CoRmopoUt-an.
The rxmn who ndxnIn8tered the oath of
A , _ omce to the first ircstdcnt , of the nItd
EtatoR 'wn $ dcttn d a few years later to
render a still more illustrious ienica to
his country.
The charm tfl1 Hngcr ou thu od page
Cf our bstory , etghtet as it Ii wlth ueb
immcaurab1e conrequencta , not realizea by
cXr foreatbcrL Itvcr7 scboothoy knows
the itory of Mr. L1vIngitons eppothtnient
aa American mth1ste to Prance ; of Ma In-
. - - atructiona from JrcsIdcnt Jefferson to pur-
cbaae the Inxd of Oricana for a dockyard
t&nc dcpo8Itory and of the miniBter's amaze-
rneflt bcn Marbol , the French trcaaury
inInster , offered to e11 him , not an thiand ,
buta domain of Imperial extent , the heart
of the continent. rcac12tn from the Gulf
of l1exko to the lnlIsh poaEcssiona on the
north.
The presIdent had been authorized to cx-
pond 2OOOOOO , but thie proposal called for
$ l&,000.fto. ) Mr. Monroe was Font over as
an assocIate of the mInIster , but Mr. Liv-
lngston had assumtd the responsibility beT -
T fore Mr. Monroe's arrival , and had practi-
call ) ' accept-cd the proposed terns , aa there
- waB no tIme for deIa. 130th mInisters , on
APril O , 3S03 concluded a treaty whereby
France ceded to the United States the vast
territory known na I.ouistana , "forever and
in full sovereignty. "
Then the storm broke. The purchase , un-
- - denlably , wea somewhat revolutionary , and
thoroughly unconstitutional , as allecting
suture membership in the union , and a menacing -
acing the riglith of the original parties to
1 the "Federal Contract. " Mr. Jefferson , himself -
self a strict constructionist , did not consider
It a constitutional act ; "the executive , ' he
said , "has done an act beyond the constitu-
tion. The legislature must ratify it and
throw themselves upon the country for an
act of indemnity. " The senate ratified the
treaty and conventions , and on December
20 , 1801 , ftc territory of Louisiana passed
a to the United States.
-
, . Lin-g.lIty of I1IC Aequtaltion.
Our most. interesting notes , aside from the
question of the legality of this acquisition.
relate the arguments brought forward by
the opponents to the purchase. "Some were
svorried lest the east should become depopulated -
latod , lest a great emigration should set in ,
lest old men anti young men , nbandoning
homes and occupations , should cross the Mississippi -
sissippi and perhaps found there a republic
cf their own. Some feared that mere extent -
tent of territory would rend the republic
apart ; that no common ties of Interest could
ever bind together under one government
men who fought Indians and trapped hears
around the headwaters of the Missouri , and
2ne0 who built ships and caught sh In the
harbors of the Atlantic ocean. " And then
the purchase would enormously increase the
public dcbL Tuo millions for an is'and , and
Zossibly as much ground on the mainland
a5 is now covered by the city of Now Orleans -
leans as enough , in all conscience ; but
5.OOOOOO for a "wilderness" containing
over 1,000,000 square miles was revolutionary -
' ary , unconstitutional and not to be permit-
ted. Even Mr. Livingston beat to the
storm be had raised , by pleading that we
could sell a part of the tract if we could
not use It.
But few of the men of 1SO reafly under-
teed the vast irnporthnce of the Louisiana
purchase , in its relation to the development
of AmerIcan nationality. That whIch now
xnaes the crowning pride of the American
citizen. that the states of the union are
prend from the AUantie to the Pacifle ; was
held then by many patriots as the extreme
of danger. Though the Lewis and Clark
expedition of 1804 and succeedIng years gate
the itret accurate inlormation regardIng the
basIns of the Missouri and the Columbia ,
thus throwing a flood of lIght upon the then
unknovn part of our newly acquired tern-
tory , still the opposers of expansion re-
, -
roamed unconvinced. As late as 185 this
feeling was still strong. Beside the immense
area on this side of the Stony ( Rocky )
mountains , coot-abed in this purchase , there
were also the lands lying beyond , which
now constitute the states of Idaho , Oregon
and Washington ; and in 1824-5 a strong
gifort was made in oongress to secure
this territory against the conflicting claims
of Great Britain. Mr. Smyth of Virginia -
ginia declared In the house that "the
limits of the federation could not be
rafely extended beyond the Stony moun-
. - tatns ; be would not object to one or two
tIers of statel beyond the Mississippi , but
.no further. " In the senate , Mr. Dickerson
or Now Jersey pronounced the bill absurd.
"A member of congress. " be said , "travel-
tog from his home to Washington and no-
turn , would cover a distance of t.2OO miles ;
at the rate of thirty miles ier day , and allowing -
lowing him forty-four days for Sundays ,
350 dnys would be consvmd , and the mein-
her svoulU have fourteen days in Washington -
ton before be started home ; It would be
quicker to come around Cape horn , or by
liering straits , Baffln bay and Davis strait
to the Atlantic , and so to W'ashington ,
True. the passage Is not yet discovered , cx-
COit upon our maps , but It will be as soon
as Oregon is made a state. " Mr. Dicker-
son's geographical eloquence was so efft-c.
tiv that the bUl , on his motion , was tahled ,
S.iine Conleiupurjery O.Iniois ,
So much stress upon the old story , because -
cause this is the stone almost rejected by
the builders.
l'rophesiea .01 evil grew with the years.
.iorse in hts "Uciversai Geography" e.
cIart'd "All settlers who go beyond the
Mississippi river will be forever lost to the
UnIted States. " Pike whose name is attacked -
tacked to the giant peak that was to serve as
a magnet to draw adventurous spirits from
the cast across the idain , condemned by
him to everlasting sterility , made of-
ilctal report to the 'war department ;
"From these immense prairies may be
derived one great advantage to the
United States , nam'ly , the restriction
of our IOPUlUtiOfl to sozn certain limits , and
thereby a continuation of the union. They
; iiI be constrained to limit themselwei to'
the borders of the Missouri and Mississippi ,
while thep" leave the prairic , Incapable of
cultivation. to the wandering and uncivilized
t'onigine. of the country. "
Evva is late as 16S the ? orth American
Ileview declared : "The people of the
Vnited States have reached their inland
vestern frontier , and the banks of the Mis-
sourl river are the horses at-the termination
of a vast ocean desert over 3,000 miles in
breadth , hicb It is proposed to travel , if at
all , with caravans of camels , anl wbicb inS -
S terposo a ilnal barrier to the .establishment
of large communities , agricultural , commercial -
cial , or even pastoral. "
These uere the prophecies , What of their
,1fulfillment ? The wr of the n-hellion , with
* 11 iti sacriee of life. shedding of blood
and elpenditure of treasure , 'was not an un-
zuixed evil. Ranking close to Its prime re-
suIts , the citinction of human alayery and
the bomogepeity of the republic , came that
I
great factor in the untcaticuj of the naUon ,
th building of the l'atiVc laliways , The
; 'can&van of the camel , " jre1cted In 1 * , I
becatnb 10 realiasUon the express train in
'BC' .
Condilinn of Pnrehnae Today' .
Let us glance briefly at the "purchase"
today. The representation of states in the
Transmlssissippi xposItIon at Omaha this
year from June 1 to lovember 1 'will come
largely from the territory acquired in 1S03.
Among those certain to make a magnificent
showing cIlI be the states that were unUl
recent times included In an area marked off
like the dcsert of Sabar nd eprinkled all
over with sand dots. The men who helpe1
to mold and develop this empire of the west
well remember the scluoI maps of forty
years ago , 'whereon that strip of territory
lying east of the Rocky mountains and west
of the Missouri river , extending south to
the l.iexicae border and north to British
America , was an almost unknown land , and
a very considerable portion of it was designated -
atod as the "Great American Desert , " That
sandy feature of the znsp baa been dropped
many years , for good and sufflcient reasons.
Some of the reasons arc that the tranarnis-
sissippi region produces a crop of 1,100.000-
000 bushels ot corn , valued at Z3,00,00O ;
'wheat. , 300,000,000 bushels. 'valued at $135-
000,000 , and 27,000,000 toni of hay , valued
at $1&O,000,000 , This cannot 'very well ha
scheduled as a desert land , Between the
Mississippi river and the Rocky mountains
is the magnificent and undisputed granary
of our country , a farm of 67,000,000 acres
under cultivation , yielding agricultural pr3i-
ucts to the value of $1,000,000,000 a year ,
And the value of live stock and horses
reaches the same fgure. The mineral
wealth of the transmississlppt states in-
eludes practically all the precious metals
and the bulk of other minerais produced in
the United States. The annual value of gold
and silver mined exceeds flOO,000,000 , while
the output of coal is 20,000,000 tons annually ,
valued at $25,000,000 ; there are 200.000 open-
atives to mills and factories , earning 7'-
000.000 per year , and the value of the man-
Wactured products reaches $1,400,000,000 :
the personal property aggregates over $6-
000,000,000. which represents less than one-
fourth of the actual property value.
In 1560 there were , l00 miles of railway
'west of the Mississippi river and only twen-
ty-six and one-half miles west of the Mis-
souri. The railway mileage west of the
Mississippi now exceeds 80,000 miles. 'rho
Increase in population has been marvelous :
so recently as 1S69 , only thirty years ago.
the transmiaslssippi population was 6,49,16S ,
and in lSO it had reached 15,1'O,21i , a
growth of 250 per cent in twenty years ; at
the close of 16 the estimated population
was 20ICS,260. The presidential 'vote in
1592 was 3,109,7SS and in 1896 it was 3,9S3-
756. Education has kept pace with the ma-
tonal advancement there are 121 unlver-
sit-lea and c..lleges , 6,000 school houses anti
5,100,000 school children in the transmissts-
SipPi region.
West of the Mississippi river have been
founded some of the most important centers
of population and commerce in the United
States. At the mouth of the Mississippi we
have New Orleans. th commercial emporium -
porium of the gulf states. in the center is
St. Louis , among the most prosperous of
American cities , reaching out clear to the
Gulf of Mexico and Gulf of California with
its jobbing trade and manufacturing enter-
itrises. Up near the headwaters of the MIs-
slsslppi are St. Paul and Minneapolis , the
greatest milling and lumber centers in
America. On the Gulf of Mexico lies Galveston -
veston and near the Rio Grande Is San An
tonio , both with grtowing international trade ,
In the heart of the corn belt are Kansas City ,
St. Joseph Omaha , Sioux City , Des Moines ,
Topeka , Lincoln and Council Blus. On the
crest of the Rockies is Denver , the beautiful -
ful , and south of the Colorado capital are
Colorado Springs , Pueblo , Santa Fe and
AIbuuerque. Beyond the Wasatch range ,
Salt Lake City , the famous capital of Utah ,
challenges attention , and points the way to
the golden shores of the Pacific , of which
San Francisco is the commercial metro-
polls , vith Los Angeles holding a profitable
monopoly of the semi-tropical fruit trade ,
which has assumed enormous proportions.
Then comes Portland , where flows the Oregon -
gen , and Tacoma and Seattle , contesting the
supremacy of the 'vast commerce of Puget
Sound. Other important and growing corn-
mercial centers have been established in the
mountain thtes. Notable among these are
Boise City , Spokane. Butte , Helena , Ogden ,
Laramie , Cheyenne and Deadwood.
Nci.n.er . Izidex of Intelligence ,
A fair Index of the intelligence and progressive -
grossive spirit of any country or section is
its newspapers. Measured by that standard ,
the transmississippl states are the peer of
any portion of the United States or the
world. In point of character and enterprise
the great newspapers west of the Mississippi
will compare favorably with those of the
most populous nnd progressive states. Thirty
years ago the number at newspapers pub.
lished J.n the whole United States was less
than & ,000. Now the number west of the
Mississippi aggregates nearly 6,000 , and
these papers are distributed through 22,000
postoffices.
There was no boundary defined by either
of the P3XUC to the aale wlen we purchased
the Heart of the Continent. May not we take
it as a happy omen ? mr there has been no
boundary or limit as yet to progress in
many-sided advancement during these
uinety.flve years. The most fantastic
dreamer of them all could not foresee in
those dawaing days of the century how his
children and his children's children would
people and develop the wilderness we bought
from France.
"When we took ioasession In December ,
1503 , the eastern boundary was the Missis.
sii'pi Item 1t source to th thirty-first
parallel , but where that source was no man
knew , and the boundary below thirty-one
degree was long In dispute , Americans
claiming as far eastwad as the Ferdido
river , But Spain would acknowledge no
claim east of the Mississippi and south
of the thirty-first parallel sara the
Islapd of Orleans. The boundary on the
southwest was never definitely drawn until
the treaty of 1619 , 'when 'we secured Florida
at a cost of $5,000.000. "
fly the convention of hiS with Great
Britain the utmost northern boundary of
Louisiana was to begin at "the most northwestern -
western point of the Lake of the Woods ,
run due north or south , as the case might
be , to the 49th parallel of north latitude anti
westward along that parallel to the summit
of the Stony mountains , " The region be.
yond ( now Idaho , Washington and Oregon )
was claimed by both parties. Fiom this
time for nearly thirty years the "struggle
for possession" alternately n-axed and waned
until heroic Dr. Whitman made his lznmor-
tai ride of 4,000 miies in midwinter and
saved Oregon to the union , This was in
1b43 and by the treaty of iSIG the matter
was peacefully settled. W'e are apt to congratulate -
gratulate ourselves on peaceful victories-
and often they are cheaply won In every
sense , It the old war cry of ' 7lfty-four ,
forty or fight" in 1846 bad stood for anything -
thing we meant to stand by-in effect , fight.
tag , and not temporizing-we should today
be in control of a coast line connecting us I
with Alaska and masters of a country
wherein could arise no Kiondike complies-
lions-of which country and our right of
entry thereon we may be informed in no
uncertain terms ere long.
% 'I.It be Mn ; . Sausa.
.A glance at msp will show the extent
of territory acquired by this purchase. Out
of it have been esrved nine whole at-ales ,
namely : Louisiana , Arkansas. Missouri ,
lansas , Nebraska , Iowa. North Dakota ,
South Dakota , Montana and a part of Mm.
nesota. Wyoming and Colorado. The other
; 'a.rt of Mtnnesota we derived from the
orthwe4t Territory and the remainder of
Colorado and Wyoming from Mexican tea-
alone.
Very Interesting and cry profitable Is a
study of the rise and pt-ogress of these
states , this great domain we call the trans.
mississippi country. It will do no harm
and possibly much good for us to review our
history-too often neglected , both in public
and private eueation. Surely nothing becomes -
comes an American , young or old , more
than accurate , thorough , intelligent knowledge -
edge of his country-not in narrow
Retloos , but with a 'new us broad as
the land in which he lives. A doubt
arises whether a Xebraeka youth knows very
much about } Centucky with her years of fas.
cinating history , and this doubt becomes in.
tenelfied when we consIder whether a Massa-
chusetta lad has a clear practical 'view regarding -
garding the state of Nebraska. There is
e'om.a danger of state insularity ,
While this Is perhaps natural , still it
would seem 'we should be loyal to our ideals
and the country and the flag , 'ahich mean
so much to us all. The Transmisalssippi
Exposition ought to and 'will bring together
an immense number of our own
people , and out of this comming-
flag and fraternizing should come a
better understanding of each other's
resources , broader views of the underlying
strength of states and communities , and a
correspondingly increased pride in birtlf-
right and country-the whlo country-this
United States of ours , north and south , east
and west. Coming to this exposiUon , our
eider brothers and sisters will see those cvi-
denecs of culture which they may have
deemed well nigh absent from this region.
The progress in music , literature and art
has kept pace with all material advance-
mont. It is something to be proud of that
this state of Nebraska , thirty-one years old
and rescued not much longer than that from
Indians and buffaloes , has the smallest percentage -
centage of illiteracy of any state in the
union. The state of Idaho , eight years old ,
raised on irrigated land apples which took
first prize at the Worid's fair.
But let us call the roll. fore are the
states which will be present at the exposition -
tion from the transmississippi country-the
States representing the Louisiana purchase
of ninety-five years ago :
The Itoh of States.
Louisiana-Admitted as a state in 1512 ;
45,000 square miles of territory , or ,00D,000
acres , and about ,000,000 under cultivation.
Oa these acres are grovn sugar , $15,000,000 ;
cotton , $21,000,000 ; corn , oats and hay , $10-
000,000. and other products bring the total
value of her output up to $75,000,000 an-
nunily.
Arkansas-Admitted In 1516 ; anarea of
Z3,840 ; square miles , abnut the size of England -
land ; population in IS'96 was 1,600,000. Five
million acres under cultivation ; annual live
stock product , $21,000,000 ; farm products ,
$44,000,000 per annum ; 19,000,000 acres of
timber lands , and the largest deposits of
marble in the United States.
Missouri-Admitted in 1121 ; population ,
3.20,000 ; has an area of C9,415 square miles.
Maine , Massachusetts , Connecticut , New
Hampshire , Vermont , Rhode Island and
Delaware could be put down side by side
in its limits and still leave a margin of 900
square miles. Seventeen million acres under
cultivation.
Kansas-Admitted In 1561 ; 408 miles long
by 208 miles wide ; farm products , $140,000-
000 annually ; thecorn , crop of 1Si6 amounted
to 221,419,414 bushels , valued at $35,633,013
Nebraska-Admitted in 1S67 ; an area of
; csst ; square miles ; 33,000,000 arable acres ;
the second sugar beet raising state in the
union , producing 15,000.000 pounds ; has
raised in one year 300,000.000 bushels of
corn on her portion of the "Great American
Desert. "
Iowa-Admitted In 1546 ; a grand agricultural -
cultural state ; her farmers raise products
valued at $500,000,000 annually ; corn , 255-
000,000 bushels ; oats , 200,000,000 bushels ;
9,500,000 buehels of wheat ; fruit crop ,
$3,000,000.
North Dakota. Admitted in 1889 ; population -
lation , 225,000 ; area , ' 70.795 square miles ;
world famous wheat country-one farm
contains 75,000 acres. The Dakotas pro.
duce annually upward of 60,000,000 bushels
of wheat.
South Dakota-Admitted in 1583 ; area , 42-
050 square miles ; population , 235,000 ; there
are & 0,000 farms In South Dakota valued at
$170,000,000 ; raises 30,000,000 bushels of
wheat annually.
Montana-Admitted in 1S19 ; area , 146,080
square mile ; population , 185,000 ; 30,000,010
acres of farm lands , 38,000,000 acres grazing
land ; in gold alone Alder Guich produced
siuuovuu. rica state In mlueruL , ii-
, ,
culture and lumber.
Minne'oth-Admitted in 1858 ; population.
1.610,000 ; area , 53.531 square miles ; value
of manufactured products , $792,000,000 ; annual -
nual product of corn , 35,000,000 bushels ;
wheat , 65,000,000 bushels ; oats , 77,000,000
bushels. It has the greatest flour-making
city in the world , with a capacity of 38,000
barrels of flour per day. One of these mills
has the greatest capacity of any flour mill
in the world-it can produce 7,200 barrels
of flour a day.
Wyoming-Admitted in 1890 ; an area. of
97.890 square miles ; 90,000 population ; It is
us large as all New England and Indiana
combined ; its forest lands cover 10,000,000
acres ; 1.00,000 cattle and 1(00,000 ( sheep
are grazing all the year round , and the live
stock interest represents $100,000,060 of
capital. -
Colorado-Admitted in 1876 ; area , 103,925
square miles-as large as all New England
nd Ohio combined ; population , 450,000.
The bullion product of Coiorado has reached
beyond $300,000,000. but so accustomed are
we to think of Colorado In connettion with
mines that. it is forgotten she is a inagni-
ficent agricultural state-her farm products
leading her mine products.
Thus briefly , hurriedly anti Imperfectly has
the region of the old Louisiana purchase
been outlined. There ire great states lying
outside the Louisiana purchase of which
extended mention should be made did space
permit ; states whose early history of
struggle and ultimate triumph Is a most
ascinatiug subject. The stories of Texas ,
of California , of Oregon , are those of history-
making epocha in the progress of our
country. These and the rest of the sisterhood -
hood of Etates from north and south and
east will , at the Trausmississippi Ezpnsi-
tion , reccivo a warm western wceome.
Arnold's llrorno Gtlcry cures headaches.
lOc. 5e. SOc. All druggists.
Sionusicoua ( 'ombuh.'lon ,
Blutwurat. frankfurters. a choice line of
Swiss cheese and ether inflammatory
material stored for prudential reasons in a
hermetically sealed vault Ignited auto.
maticaily last night , reports the Chicago
Chronicie , in the Steats Zeitung exchange ,
Fifth avenue and Washington streets , and
caused a blaze 'which for a moment threat.
ened the building ,
The prompt arrival of one of the down.
town engine companies secured 'immunity
for nil of the contents of the beer dispen-
Lary except a few time-honored bar , rna.
znents in the shape of sandwiches , whose
tinth'rlike condition rendered them an easy
prey to the devouring flmez , ,
The blazE' started at a4me 'when a most
animated diaeuulon wa , In progress be.
tween a man wboe accent was strongly aug.
geative of the fatherland and another who
was unmistakably a Frenchmau. The subJect -
Ject of discussion was admiral Dwey'
victory in Manila bay , The German niain.
tamed that the galiant commander had wbn
agaInst great odds. The Frenchman , on the
other baud , declared that any other good
fighter could have vanquished the Spaniards
with the same advantage in respect to guns ,
'The eaciternent canned the discussion to be
dropped.
Get a map of Cuua anti get the best and
must complete. The Bee's combination map
of Cuba. the West Indies sad of the world.
With a Bee map toupon , on iage 2 , 10
tents. at lIce oce , Omaha. South Omaha or
Council Bluffs B mail. 14 cents. Address
r.uban Mao Deuartment ,
COL , FRED CiIT'S ' CO1f AND
Oo'Iontl of'1ew Y4t'ig1iting Tourtoenth
Talks n tue War ,
WHAT HIS FATiPLA4UtD IN ' 13
A Conflict Tiiftt _ Will flcnflt This
Conntry-Ncc41 for Patience
and Conflule's.o in the
Nntlon'a Lender. .
I saw Colond Freterick Dent Grant , the
Son of his father surely , taking command
of the Fighting Potrteenth of Brooklyn ,
and an old soldier rushed up to him and
cried :
"Gel bless you , colonel. I was with your
father at Vicksburg , and I wish that I
could only march into havana with youl"
Fred Grant wan also 'with his father at
Vicksburg , a lad of 12 , at the headquarters ,
himself to the saddle , receiving a gunshot
wound In the leg one of the days because
he ventured out into the fighting too far ,
spraining a leg another day because he
would not give up the horse , and attract-
jag the admiring attention of General Grant
even in the rush of tremendous affairs
which just then 'ngagcd the thoughts of
the hero of Vicksburg.
Later I saw Colonel Fred Grant of the
Fighting Fourteenth at his house on East
Sixty.second Street It is evidently not the
house of a rich man , though pictures of
Grant and Sheridan , rare and priceless for
their associations , and articles of furniture
and art , evidently Inherited from the son-
oral , adorn the parlor moms. There are
rare things also from China , some of them
the gifts of Li hung Chang , and articles ,
too , torn Europe , reminding one that Colonel
Grant himself made a most creditable roe-
ord at the Austrian court during the administration -
ministration of Benjamin Harrison.
"Yes , it. Is true , " said Colonel Grant ,
"that my father planned in 1873 , in the midst
of the Virginius excitement a raid into the
heart of Spain. The plan was to land 50,000
veterans of the civil war on the shores of
the bay of Biscay , to send them under
Sheridan to take the Spanish capital , and
immediately to re-enforce them with another -
other army of American 'veterans of perhaps -
haps 100,000 men. You could hardly find
in the history of the world an army so well
suited to this venturesome design ; but we
had the veterans then , the trained and
seasoned soldiers ; young men. too , just out
of the war , and we had Sheridan , who for
such a purpose could not have his equal.
Sherman ? General Sherman was probably
to remain at home to mobilize the troops
and be in general command. Sheridan was
enthusiastic about the expedition , and there
is no doubt that General Grant meant busi-
ness. We had not4nju h of a navy then.
We could not wait for pain to come to us.
If a quick , hard , dedlsP.'e blow was to be
struck , it seemed tthtt this was the way to
strike it. I am quite sire , too , that it was
felt that the lesson of'btir victory , which , of
course , would hard ben almost certain ,
would have been a dod one for the world.
But , as you know. tad trouble blew over
and our people ner hbd the satlsraetion ,
nor the world the xample , of seeing that
bold design carried out.
.An Estrir Volunteer.
"You were one of the first to offer your
services , Colonel Grant. for the present
wart"
'Yes , " replied thyeolonel , "I volunteered
Immediately. It seemed to me only fair.
ainee 1 had enjoyed- . the education of , a ,
soldier , that I shoulddo everything I could.
It is true that I waa only a boy at the time
of the rebellion , but I was with my father
for two or three years , and perhaps began
even then to realize the satisfaction as
well as the duties of a noldier's life. I
have been eleven years in the service , all
told , and have seen sCveral Indian campaigns -
paigns , more , perhaps. than I could tell you
about modestiy. Military affairs have been
the study of my life time ; they have interested -
terested me more than any other tpic.
This perhaps is only natural. My immediate -
diate determination then was to offer my
services to the government , and if they
should not be required at Washington , then
I thought Governor Black could have them.
I am very proud to be the colonel of the
Fourteenth. We only hope that there will
be something important for us to do. "
" country has been thoroughly
-
ing the riChest of her colonies. our neighbor -
bor The uses of the methods of diplomacy'
are clear. The president utilized them all ,
bItt Spain tusbed on into the teeth of war ,
Nothing , not even the good advices of the
powers anti the pope could bold her back.
Her necessities were largely political , it is
true. but they existed , so that this nation ,
great and humane and fotheaiing as it is ,
found it well as necessary to curb
her desperate spirit and to crush her few
remaining pretensions.
When and how to Strike.
"The uses of strategy In war ,
the employment of means which
might be called humane in contradistinction -
distinction to the quicker anti harsher
methods-these , like the uses of diplomacy ,
are necessary it one Is in the position of
the president or of the secretaries of war
and the navy , or of the general of the
army , or of the commanders of the fleets.
It is all important to understand just when
to strike and how to strike. The victory
may seem simply brilliant-whose could
seem more brilliant than 1)ewey's7-but
those who cannot in the very nature of
things be aware of the ditflculties surrounding -
ing those In command , or the responsibilities -
ties for loa of life and treasure , of the inexcusable -
excusable losses which may occur from a
step taken too quickly or taken falsely-
those , I say , always need to remember
that , while telling blows can be delivered ,
it is also of supreme importance many times
to be sure that you are just right before
you go ahead. It is hard for real soldiers
and sailors to stand with patience the delays -
lays of a siege or a blockade , but suppose
they starve the enemy into submission and
crush him just as completely , and also almost -
most as quickly as if hundreds of thousands
of lives were lost In an engagement ? No ,
, lt Is not only the duty of every soldier and
every sailor to obey ; that is not only his
first duty , but it is the duty of all our citi-
Zeus to support the administration , to be patient -
tient while our cabinet and our commanders
on land and sea w.rk , out their plans to
success. I should peraonally like to take
my men to Cuba right away. The Ibland
is not unknown to me. W'e could fight
there and should be glad to thko the chances
of war there. But if it is not yet time we
car. wait ; in any event , we shalt be ready
'when we are wanted. "
"It seems to be the general feeling now ,
colonel , that this war -ili place the Uulted
States before the eyes of the world in a
new and better light , " I remarked.
euetIta of War.
"It will , " Colonel Grant replied , "and that
'will be one of the great and good things
about it. First It will unite and solidify our
people as they have never been united be-
fore. It vill prove to our foreign-born citi-
Zeus that there is something absolutely sub.
I stantial about our country after all , some
thing which makes it for them , as for all
t
others , a real home and a real new father-
jiand. In the matter of the diflerent see-
I tlons of our country-I refer , of course , to
I the north and the south-the results wili be
incalculably large. You notice how quickly
and loyally the Fitxhugh Lees and the
"Fighting J00" Wheelers are ready to rush
to arms , and that not only means that our
brothers of the south really love the flag
again , and probably always have loved it
against the foreign aggressor , but you notice -
tice how it makes our own blood tingle , and
especially how our northern veterans of the
war feel again that no southern brother of
theirs shall excel them in their loyalty to
the same flag.
"But you spoke of the effect upon foreign -
eign countries. Let me give you a suggestion -
tion about that. I have noticed abtoad that
our people are not held in sumcient esteem -
teem by foreigners generally and I have
sought the causesaf it. Ninety-five out of
every hundred Americans who travel In
Europe go the usual rounds and behave -
have themselves perfectly. They mind
their business , interest themselves in
the sights , go about intelligently ,
pay their bills , deport themselves like model
travelers. There viiI be five in 100 perhaps
who do not behave themselves so well. They
get about all right and pay their bills , but
but they are noisy , and , in a word , attract
unenviable attention. It is these. and not
the other ninety-five , who are known as
inericans , and it is an unhappy fact that
they give us a bad aame. There is another
consideration. Our newspapers are some-
tims Seen abroad. Their attention is too
apt to seem , in the case of the foreigner ,
to'be devoted solely to the scandals of our
American society. There is everything. for
instance , about the unhappiness of the Deacons -
cons , and now I suppose our foreign frIends
find themselves regaled with the unhappi-
. 'A Gunshot : I
Wound
_ _ _ _ _
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I If
, COIONgL FRED GRANT IN FRONT OF HIS TENT AT HEMSTEAD CAMP. MAY. 189R.
aroused , " I sugcet7'"cnore so than at
any time since the civil war. "
"Undoubtedly , " Colonel Grant replied ,
"The destruction of the Maine angered all
true Americans thoroughly and from that
time we hastened on , no matter if we
seemed to be hastening slowiy , toward a
war with Spain. I Ujjk it is a mistake to
.cali it a desire for go for the destruction -
tion of the Mainc-Jh1ieling that Svain
ought to be punisbi4 . that and for her
unspeakable babarrWj.afa Cuba. A desire
to iunish them as djwId whip a wife.
beater , or as ' a murderer
for the iroteeton ofjcIey for the preser.
vation of the rociot oflnat400s , as you
might call it , secms'o express it better. Au
immediate i9quiry4nto the causes of the
destruction of the Maine instituted by the
proper inttrnational authorities , might have
? oftened this anger somewhat especially if
Spain bad agreed , as under international
regulations in such ceea she -would have
been obliged to agree ' 3eforeband to accept
the flndig. But the , , barbarities and inhumanities -
humanities Practiced open the Cubans were
continuously before' ha and Maine or no
Maine Spaip was hastenlag on to her In.
evitable punishment and our American pee-
pie were hastening on inevitably to their
detemination to punish her , to avenge the
Maine , if you thooae to put IL that way , .
and to punish Spain t41l.tttrther by liberal-
ness of the tie in Mare ; so that the un-
presslon Is that these are our leading respectable -
spoctable and important people. Again too
many of our newspapers Persist In abusing
our. public men. For no matter bow -worthy
the motives of our public men may be ,
no matter bow bard it is for them to notice
the attacks upon them , they are continually
abused for things for which they are not
nt all to blame , They are continually
called flippantly by their first naides , and
are continually written dowa as big igno-
ramusen , if not highway robbers. You can
easily inikgine what the effect abroad of all
that must be. These things surely do not
give foreigners a correct idea of our people
and the worst phase of it is that we , ourselves -
selves , or rather a few of us , are to blame
for this. -
Increased Prestige ,
"You are right in thinking that the result
of this Litanish war will cause us greatly to
be respected the world over.'e are 75,000-
000 , iowerul , resourceful , Indomitable pee-
pIe. We have been too busy to think much
about anznioi and navies , and surely in ( lii.
I vreaent case we have forborne to the last
degree to quarrel with Spain. MI that will
snake our triumph the more worthy and
I significant in the eyes of the world. Our
t navy , for its numbers and its personnel , ( or
Its eonmauders and its sailors , is matchless.
it tse have a large one , that will be all the
From Which 'Dane
gerous Blood
Poison Re
suits.
I matters noL how blood
poison is n.cquired , whether by
inherithnco or accident. , it is
a stubborn , obstinate disease
and otio 'which the doctors find
themseh'es unable to successfully -
fully treat , Whenever there is
the slightsb impurity in the
blood , any accident which produces -
duces even a trivial bruise or
contusion of the flesh , is likely
to rosuit seriously. Chronic
sores and ulcers often result
from such causes , and in many
cases they are so obstinate that
it ; takes years to get rid of them.
The doctors are unable to cure
such cases beefiuso pottsh and
mercury ( the only remedies
which they evvr proscribe for the
blood ) tend to Silut in the poison -
on and dry it up in the blood ,
Hero it lies dormautfor a. while ,
only to break out in a more ag-
grarated form than before.
This treatment is continued
and the same conditions exist
for years , the old sore or ulcer
becoming a constant companion -
ion to those 'whom it afflicts.
Capt. .1. II. Mc3rayer ] , the
well-known distiller of fine Ken-
Lucky whiskies , had just such
an experience , and ho is so delighted -
lighted to find a cure after
many years of suffering that he
wants everybody to know just
how to get rid of these horribJe
chronic sores , He now resides
at Lawrenceburg , ICy. , and
vriths :
"Some enrs ago I was shot in the
ieft leg , receiving what I considered
on'y ' a slight wound. The place was
iow in healing and became flInch
swollen , increasing in size and becoming -
coming quite angry-looking and in-
flamed. Before long it had devel-
D _ into a running sore , and gave
me a great deal of pain and moon-
venience , I was fronted by many
doctors , and took a number of blood
remedies but none did me any good ,
and did not seem to check the pro-
ressofthe sore. I had heard Swift a
I truer , and we can have a larger one for pun-
. poses of defense largely , like the present ,
without becoming a quarrelsome or brawling
. power , thinking only of war and living on a
volcano. There is no 'way of preserving
- peace so good as being prepared at all times
to show fight. We have shown fight , and
up to date and as far as we have gone it
would seem as if the other fellow ought to
have enough. We can keep that attItude ,
and thus foreign countries that think we
, have not an ) ' army , or that it cannot fight. ,
will not be so sure of it ; In fact they will
know hatter ; and those countries of the
world that believe that a navy is everything -
, thing , and that they have great navies and
that ours has not been respectable , wili
surely stop to think a second time before
they venture to quarrel with us. I have
thought a dozen times since the first news
of Dewey's victory reached us , how electric
and unerring the effect of it must be the
world over. It is inconceivable that a
stronger or a more effective word could be
passed around to all of our International
friends and enemies , that while we are not
t looking for trouble , it Is hereafter going to
. be a litUe too risky to attempt to wrong us
In the slightest particular. "
"Our people , too , " I suggested , "have
realized lately what the enormous reserved
force of patriotism is. "
lleaourc-s of I'anlofisni ,
"Ye's , " the colonel "
replied , "a strange
as well as a beautiful thing is patriotism.
I have thought about that somewhat. here
is the Turk , for instance , confusing , and per.
haps naturally enough , his religion with his
iatriotism. He loves his country because be
loves his prophet , dying ( or tither 'a'itli
cqual happiness , Here is the Gcrtnzo , Icy-
log his fatherland but pretty deliberate
about it , and tending pretty generally towards -
wards a larger love of liberty with it nil ,
which perhaps might endanger the very cm-
ire lstel ( if it becane too imperiuus. Here
is the Frenchman , loving the very soil of
his country , industrious , Sober , happy , cx-
uberant in his entbniasm for Frauce. Here
is the Spaniard , Iowiu , a country , iutt as be
ftud It now , but as It used to be 41i0 yenr
ago-and so fgbting , or thinking that he can
fight , with a real , Quixotic featber.brain
dcsperatioo. Here is the EuIishnian ,
whose patriotism s partly the reault of the
grandeur of his country , Ho acts freely and
knows that be is safe. England's expansion
bus neccaaIthted this protection of her citi-
SpeelflcS.S.S. ( ) hIhy recommended
for the bkod , and concluded to give q F'
itr a trial , and the ? Csut was highly
gratifying. S. S. S. seemed to get
right at the troub'e ' and forced the
poison OUt of my blood ; soon afterwards -
wards the sore healed up and witi
cured sound and well , I , un sure
B , S. S. Is b far the best blood
remedy made. '
It.'isThasy to explain why S.
S. S. is so successful in Curill
all manner of blood troubles , ii
matters not how deep-seated
they are. It is a real blood
remedy and goes down to the
very bottom of the blood and
forces out every impurity , noting -
ing on tile correct principle of
eliminating the poison , rathoi
than shuttIng it tl ill lllO'53'S.
tern like mineral remedies do ,
I I1 :
Q --t\k \ ;
V
S. S. S. cures because it is
purely vegetable , every ingredient -
ient of which it. is made being
gathered from tile forests. It is
the only blood remedy which is
guaranteed to contain not a par-
tide of potash , mercury , or any
other mineral. S. S. S. will
cure the most obstiuath blood
disease , which other remedies
can not possibly reach. Valuable -
able books on blood diseases
vi1l be BoUt free to any address
by the Swift Specific Coupany ,
Atlanta , Georgia.
seas everywhere , and so cause anti effect
have combined to make the Englishman I :
pugnacious and aggressive , but with it all
loyal , true and magnanimous. It. our own
country the nentinient Is the most beautiful
of all. We have been aggressive , like our
English ancestors ; we have t.aken to our
shores seekers after liberty from . : ' 'er'-
where ; we have fought many Umes for the
oppressed and against oppression in order
that all might have an equal chance , with
sympathy for the weak and without license.
Our people , for illustration , are aniere'i ; beyond -
yond expression by the destruction of the
Maine. They are too big-minded , however ,
I to think merely of revenging thensclvcs.
I upon Spain , but they do insist that 'paia
should be punished. The condition of affairs -
fairs in Cuba has long been intolerable and
it only needed to be accentuated enough , so
that we could really understand It , to make
it Imperative , in our love of justice and right
and of sympathy for the downtrodden that
this condition should be changed no matter
what the cost. Think of the highest ineo-
* , - . - . ' . ' .1. . . . . . . . , . . . . h
, , CD .U UL4UJ LU
of the world. There are none anywhere to
compare with our own patriotic impulses. "
IVICIID OP 'rain lIOUlL.
John G. Holland.
"God give us men. A Urne like this de-
manda
Strong .minds , great hearts , true faith and
ready bands :
I Men whom the lust of office does not kill ;
Men whom the spoils of otllctt cannot buy ;
Men who Possess opinions and a will ;
Men who have honor-men who will not
lie ;
1en who can stand before a demagogue
And scorn his treacherous flatteries without -
out winking ;
Tall men , sun-crowned , who live above the
fog
In public duty and in private tlinkinc- , "
'I'IIld oLl-'i'iaiiiits
At a celebration in his honor fast week
Eleazer Smith of Danbury , N. 13. , beat the
drum be uaed in the war of 1812. lIe was
lOO.ycars old last Moodny.
Although he is 80 years old , George
Jacob Hol'oake is busy delivering his lee-
tures in Londoii , He is in cxcellent health
and takes an active interest in the aairs
of the world ,
Miss Sarianna flrownlig , sister of Robert
Browning , and his life-long companion ,
has recovered from a severe attack of In-
llutnza at Canoes , and returned to Asola.
where ho lives with "Pen" lirowuing , the
only son of the two poets. Miss Browning
is over SO years old ,
William Stetson , who died in Marlborough -
borough , Mass. , a few days ago , had been
a member of the choir in the Orthodox
church in that town for sixty-one years.
lie was always noted for his punctual at-
tendanci' , and at the age of 75 'ears re-
tamed a good voice , filling a position most
acceptably ,
vaun nenIer , tue lamous French actor ,
who has just died at the age of 79 , was one
of the few Frenchmen who are never seen
ungiovcd out of doors , lie was affably
chatty and fond of giving good advice to
young actors. He frequented for over forty'
years the same cafe and in summer sat in
front of it. A short time ago it was turned
into a beer saloon , This , he said , would be
lila death , and so it appears It was.
Senator Jus'in B , Merrill of Vermont has
recently lassed his 88th birthday. lie has
lived under every president except the first
three. Entering congress during the i'resi.
dency of Franklin Pierce , he served twelve
years in the house , and was then sent to the
sentte , where be has served thirty.one
years continuously. Senator Merrill is still
a man of strong mentality and an active
figure in the councils of the nation.
A ltenirkubir lcsue ,
Mrs. Michael Curtain , Plainfleld , Ill. , makes
the statement that she caught cold , ticb
settled on her lungs ; she was treated fur a
month by her family physician , but grew
worse , He told her she was e hopeless vie.
tim of consumption and tiat no medicine
oouid cure her. 11cr druggist sugge.cd Ir ,
iCing's Naw Diicovery for Coaaumptieo ; he
bought a boitie and to her delight found herself -
self beneflttel from first date. She continued
its use and after takkig six buttit. found
herself sound and well ; new de tier own
bueework and is a. well as she ever as.
Free trial b-.ttl of this Great Diecorery at
Kuhn & Co.'s drug store , Large buttit *
cents and $ L0O.
