Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922, November 21, 1897, Part III, Page 21, Image 21

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-Y\rATTA T > ATT/V TTRTCj Q1 TWO' ? . n-l
TWO MILLION ON THE BLOCK
The Nnmbjr of LorJlj Gobblers Necdod for
Undo Sam'c Feast.
PflEPARMION OF TURKEYS FOR MARKET
How Tlicy Are Klllril , Stonmcd ,
Plnrhril , Iced nnil I'nrUcd A
3toiiM < or Co In mn of Poultry
I Ttrrlvc Jlllen I , ( > iifr ,
Considerable preparations are being made
by tbo produce men of this city for the re
ception of the great lAmerlcan Thanksgiving
bird , ; whlch will be ushered by tbc thou
sand Into the public pretence on November
25 , The resources of Ncbroeka have been
exhausted In the search , and a portion of our
citizens " 111 bo obliged to H down on tbat
day before lurkejs fattened on Kansa * and
Missouri soil. Omaha poulterers state that
the turkey supply of this section Is fully 25
per cent thort of the Usual quantity. The
deficiency Is attributed to the wetness of
last spring In tbla vicinity and which , while
excellent for corn , was unylhlng but health
ful for joung turkeys. So It will be neces
sary to draw on tbo south for a portion of
among the birds kee s a eteady line trail
ing along the chute and prevents them from
becoming wedged In by crowding. At the end
of the po BC , where It opes * Into the
factory , Kands a man who holds In one
hand a sharp knlfo thnt looks like a diminu
tive Ice pick. As each bird marches through
It Is seized by this man , who quickly die-
patches It by A ftlngle blow on the head. He
tlirows the dwd birds In a heap at bis aide ,
and thence they are carted away to the
soildlng room , where they are placed In long
tanks filled with hot water. Here Is where
the poulterer's art comes Into play , for the
nater must bo of just the proper temperature
to give the droned birds a neat appearance.
If It Is too hot the birds have a bluish tinge ,
while If It Is not up to the correct degree
the quills come out with difficulty and give
the body a "plucked" appearance.
From the scalding tanks the birds travel
on to another room , where deft hands and
plenty of cold running water thoroughly
clc-anoe them , Next they are laid out on
long blocks of Ice until thoroughly cooled ,
when they arc packed with Ice In barrels ,
the barrels are covered with ordinary bag
ging , and as soon as weighed are ready for
shipping.
Though this Is the ordinary proceeding ,
the turkeys which travel to quick markets
are sometimes dry picked and do not pass
through the soildlng tanks at all. Under
this treatment they will keep longer , with
out Icing , than when they have been ecaldcd.
From the factory the dressed turkeys are
shipped In refrigerator cars to their desti
nation In the big cities. Some Idea of the
extent of the trade In dressed poultry may
bo gained from the statement that for the
eight or ten weeks of the holiday season
the rccdnts In New York City alone run as
'
j
I
KILLING TURKEYS DV THE THOUSAND.
cho ten carloads which will pass through the
hands of local produce men for the Thanks
giving supply.
About half of this numer U used In filling
' western orders and the balance will proceed
to Omaha dining rooms to make the day
complete In the heart of the small boy und
his elders. These five carloads represent a
mass of toothsome freight neighing 100,000
pounds , and the number of lirilvldual fowls
In tills stock Is estimated at between 12,000
and 15,000. This might seem a sufficient
number for a city of this sire , and one
reason against even a larger demand Is given
In the largeness of the chicken crop. The
latter are about 20 per cent more numerous
than usual and as a result can be secured
for nearly one-half tbef price asked for their
more prized cousins.
The supply of turkeys sent Into the city by
country shippers Is Invariably live stock.
"
"When they rcch the produce merchants here
they arc stored for at least twentj-four hours
in capacious coops. The surroundings are
kept scrupulously clean and the birds are
Slvcn a chance to recover from the cramped
postures In which they are often forced dur
ing a trip and also , as it Is described , "to
get the fever out of them. " When they arc
ready for the market tfaey are subjected by
most of our merchants to the dry picking
process. The blid is suspended head down
ward and u sharp knlfo Is Inserted In Its
mouth. The Jugular vein Is severed and the
blade penetrates the brain. The feathers
are at ' once removed and this la fully accom
plished' before the fowl is dead. The pickers
see no cruelty In this , as they claim the
Unlfcstroko results In paraljsis. The birds
are first scalded by unother method and In
this way can be picked in half the time , but
are fitted for a more immediate use.
When the national consumption of turkejs
on Thanksgiving Is considered , tbo estimates
assume a surprising magnitude. A probable
computation of the amount will show that
It only one family In every dozen cats tuikey
next Thuuday over 2.000.000 turkeys will
be required to go around. These turkeys are
Bent flying north , east , south and west , to all
parts of the United Stairs In refrigerator
cars. Each of these cars will hold about
1,000 birds If packed closely In barrels , so
that at least 2,000 cars may be said now to
be transporting turkejs to their destinations
If placed end to end , a line of these cars
would bo over twelve miles long. Fig
uratively , therefore , a solid phalanx of turkey
twelve mllra long , five wide and six feet
high Is rushing along In search of hungry
holiday diners. Nearly as many men as
there are turkejs are required to handle this
Immense amount of poultry and the cubic
contents of thu mass In very nearly a square
foot to each bird , or , more accurately 1 000.-
SOO square feet. If piled together In the
name proportion , these turkeyb would make
a column eight times KB high as the Washing
ton monument , and a pyramid made of them
would look well beside the ancient piles of
Egypt. They would probably weigh upward
of IS,000,000 pounds.
IN A TUHKEY ABATTOIR.
To kill n few million turkejs and ship
high as 30.000 cases per week. Each i c
or barrel ctntalns .ibout 200 pounds , so that
this means something like 0,000,000 poundii
of poultry per week. When one comes to
multiply this by the number of big cities , be
realizes how capacious Is the American man
for such delicacies as these.
IN COLD STORAGE.
Though the receipts are fairly steady for
several weeks before Thanksgiving , the
great bulk of retail sales are crowded Into
the space of a few dajs. So the problem
ol storage must be solved. More "than one-
half the poultry ahat c cues to the brg markets -
kots In October and early November travel
at once to the great freezing and storage
warehouses. Here they are first placed in a
free-zing room , where .the tompcraturo Is 12
degrees or fifteen degree1 ! below zero , and
where men In heavy overcoats and mittens
handle them. When solidly frozen they are
convcjed to the nlorago rooms , where at a
temperature of ten degrees to fifteen degrees
above zero and In cold air kept In circula
tion by a powerful blower they may bo kepi
for a year. If need be ; at any rate until the
market calls for them. Then they emerge
as frcah and sweet as though newly killed.
There are probably 50,000,000 pounds of
poultrjIn cold storage In the different
cities of ithe countrj' at the present time.
Some of It has been there only a few dajs.
some two or three months , but If It has
ncr fade Into Insignificance teelde this regal
bird ; and the amount of turkoji now stored
on Manhattan island , or expected during the
three days before the great festival Is almoit
Incalculable.
A rough estimate , may , however , be made
from the reports of the wholesale dealers
and the varloui railroad offices. Over 27,000
barrels of drcssc-d turkeys ore now in stor
age In New York. Tomorrow ( Monday ) ,
which will be par excellence the great day
OAR CONTAINING LIVE TURKEYS.
of turkey storing , fullj' 11,899 barrels are
looked for by the poulterers. On Tuesday
6,177 more are 'booked to arrive. Now ,
about ten large turkeys or 20 small ones
go to a barrel , so "that It would be no ex
aggeration to accept the statement of a
dealer to the effect that "At the least cal
culation the number ofturkeys which will
be sold In New York for Thanksgiving
week will reach G22,2oO. This Is exclusive of
the turkeys which arc brought alive In crates
to the licensed markets. Adding the live and
dead stock ono reaches the remarkable total
of 700,000. "
An average calculation 'based ' on the last
ten Thanksgiving \lajs may be taken a *
tj'plcal of this one. For years , on the Mon-
daj- before the .festival , there have come
Into Now York over the New Yoik Central
railroad about sixty carloads of turkeys ;
over the union line of the Pennsylvania
about 110 carloads , and over the Lehlgh Val
ley railroad about 105 carloads. A carload
generally consists of fifty birrcls , which
moans that the three railroads mentioned
brought an avcrago of 200,250 turkeys on
one daj- alone each year.
TURKEYS BY THE THOUSAND.
A visit to the largest wholesale poultry
market and provincial distributing agency
revealed a curious sight Imagine a long ,
glass-roofed hall , hung for Us entire length
with four rows of dangling turkoj-s pach
bird gaudily decorated with tiny flags nnd
streamers and slips of evergreen. At the
further end of the hall Is a great pair of
Weighing scales , upon which , as the visitor
enters , a barrel load of turkej's Is probably
piled. The atmosphere Is almost arctic , and
the customers as they hurrj * hither and
thjther have their coat collars turned up or
wraps around their necks to keep out the
cold. The effect of this enormous display
of slaughtered turkey upon ono seeing It for
the first tlmo Is as though one had entered
EOUIO fabled giant's kitchen such as arc seen
depleted In the pantomime scenery of our
childhood. One feels as Gulliver must have
felt In the larders of Brobdlgnag.
But when the visitor reflects how , before
the dawn of Thanksgiving , most of that vast
array of dangling birds shall have vanished
from their hooks , and been carried cast , west ,
north and south by hungry holiday makers
the mighty display does not appear eo
mighty after all.
The largest quantities of turkeys come to
the New York center from Delaware , Mary
land , Now Jersey , south central Indiana and
Ohio. At the Erie railroad the writer was
Informed that hardly a carload of turkeys had
leon sent to the metropolis by that route in
years. It Is a not uninteresting reflection
for the gourmand , as he sits over his Thanks
giving piece do resistance , that the particular
turkey upon which ha piles knife and fork
may have fed upon tne prairies of the great
VIEW OF PLtCKING ROOM.
IN THE STEA MING ROOM
thorn a thousand mlle-s to market la no Ugh *
task , and the old-fashioned methods o
handling and marketing have had to glvi
way to newer and more elaborate arrange
ments.
The great majority of the turkojs con
sumed by the American people are picked
up on the poultry farms by bujers who give
their whole time to tbla work. They are
gathered at the nearest elation and shipped
In carload lot * to the poultry factory which
the buyer represents. The uio of the word
factory in connection with poultry Is apt to
convey a peculiar Idea , but lu this case It
refers only to a ehed-llke structure , halt
open on the aides In which the birds are
prepared for market.
The birds are stored lu a big shod from
which a narrow passageway , just wide
enough to admit them In single file , leads to
Ui factory prcper , A driver itatloneJ
difference In quality when It Is cleared out ,
fta It nearly all will bo within the next
lew week * . It is an Instructive sight to eu-
iw. i/uo 01 thf e mammoth refrigerators and
U > view thtt tons on "tons " of poultry pile-d up
there. The whole thing Illustrates as strik
ingly as anything can the fact that modern
Ingenuity and modern appliances ore equal
to any conditions that 4he requirements of
modern trade may Impose. Poultry can be
stored as easily ae grain today and It Is
safe to predict that however great the de
mand there will bo no turkey famine on
November 25
TURKEYS IN NEW YORK.
New York , at < he approach of Thanksgiving -
giving , looks a * though a Gargantuan feast
were being made ready within It * gates.
Hut of the feast the turkey i * king. All i
other concomitant * of a Thinkcglvlng din-1
west , or grown fat within the farm fences ot
New England.
To handle the turkey supply properly calls
for unusual exertions on the part of the rail
way emplojca On the Monday before
Thanksgiving they are obliged to work all
night , bo that the prized bird and the other
articles of Thanksgiving fare may be un
load c-d and sent duly and on time to their
temporary destinations As a result of the
rush , It Is stated at all the railroad depots
tbat all the available poultry and cold storage
cars are In use The turkej's ro brought In
specially prepared cars lined with tin. and
kept at an average temperature In "muggy"
weather of 42 degrees.
FIHST \\ICSRIVI\ti
Indian Chlrfx Wenlloxnltiilil > Knlcr-
tnliu-il ! > } IMlKrlm I'atliiTN ,
The first Thanksgiving was appointed by
Governor Bradford , at Plymouth , Mass. , In
1621. the year following the landing of the
Pilgrims. In order tbat the colocXs In a
more special way could rejoice together at
having all things In good and plenty , writes
Clifford Howard In the Ladles' Home Journal.
In preparation for the feast "gunners vvero
cent Into the woods for wild turkeys , which
abounded there In great numbers ; kitchens
were made ready for preparing the feast
especially the large one In Dame Brewster's
house , which wcs under the Immediate direc
tion and charge of Prlscllla Molina ? , sbo who
afterward became the wife of John Alden
while a mcsssngcr was dispatched to Invite
Mas'-jsoit , the chief of the friendly tribe , to
attend the celebration.
"Early on the roorn'og ' of the appointed
Thursdaj- about the first of November Mas-
sasolt and ninety of bis warriors arrived on
the outskirts of the village , and with wild
jells announced their readiness to enjoy the
hospitality of their white brethren , The
little settlement , which now consisted of
seven dwellings and four public buildings ,
was soon astir with men , women and chil
dren , who gave the Indians a hearty wel
come as they filed Into the largo Equaro In
frent of the governor's house. Soon the roll
of a drum announced the hour of prayer ,
for no day waa begun without thla religions
service. Then followed a holiday of feasting
and recreation , which continued not only
that day but during the two succeeding days.
The usual routine of duties was suspended ;
the children romped about In merry Flay ; the
young men Indulged In athletic sports and
games In friendly rivalry with the Indians ;
the little American army of twenty men ,
under the leadership of Miles StaudUb , went
through Us drill and manual of arms , to the
great delight end astonishment of tbo na
tives , while tbo women busied themselves
In the careful preparation ot the excellent
meals , which were eaten In the open air. "
"Tho ttato dinner of the occasion the real
Thanksgiving dinner took place on Satur-j
day , the last day of the celebration. NotJ J
withstanding that the kitchens of these
wllderueb * homes were tudly wanting In I
many of the most common e&sentlals of i
cooKerj' , there na * no lack of good thing * :
nor of appetizing dlihei at this great feast. ,
/The earth , the air and the water bad yielded
of tUelr bountiful supplies , and the good
dames had done ; honor to their skill and in-1 ;
genulty by totting before their hungry guestu
and companion * a repait as eumptuoua and j
tempting a * Itwai varied and delightful. 11
Foremost of All there wa roast turkey. 11
What's the Use
Seeking elsewhere wasting time and energy when right here you will
find just what you want at the price you want to pay ours is a big store
we have to buy in large quantities to fill it that's why the assortment is the
best and the price the lowest a natural consequence.
.Music Cabinets Iron Ingrain Carpets Rugs-
We have them Beds
iti the window
and we are making An entirely Beginning at 25c , and on up Still selling them at 8c , 20a
some very at 30c , 40c 55c 65c and 70c
, ,
low prices on them , too. new assort and 35c a rug running in j *
Oak ment of for the finest ingrain made in
or mahogany finished yard , yard and 2-yard lengths *
closed music cabinet $5. 75 , $6,50 special this or any other country.
and up to $17.00 for the choice designs. JRillow Covers
mahogany pieces. Iron bed , any Wilton Rugs
size , $2.65.
Ladies' Desks With a slight advance in price 9x.ll feet , beautiful patterns , Imitation Battcnburg for pil
Oak or mahogany finish at up to the handsomest designs at finest co'orings , they will be ap low coverings , new and elegant
$4.75. We can give you ladies' $24.00. preciated on sight ; price now designs in red , blue , green and
desks at almost any price. Dressers $42.00. olive , 22 inches square , 35c
An extra choice each.
birdseye ma A full and complete line of We have a few German rugs
ple desk for $6.75.
dressers to match the iron beds. left in sizes , 7.6xJ0.3 , at $17.50 , Japanese crepe covers , with
Roclzers Our stock of furniture was up to 9.10x13.1 , at $35.00. and without tinsel effect ; 20
Our special this week never more complete in all lines These prices are made spscidl inches wide , enough to cover a
on a than the time. pillow both sides J5c.
rocker will be a mahogany finish at present to close them out. ,
piece , upholstered seat and back Patent JPoot Stools
and fancy velours , $4.75. Wooden frames , bronzed iron Smyrna Rugs
We show a complete line of legs , carpet tops round , big Reversible , same at
rockers , cobbler seats and arms , enough for the biggsst foot , dain both ends , 9xJ2 don't
ranging in price from $1.75 up. ty enough for the daintiest foot , expect it to be all wool ,
85c. because it is not $16.
85c.The same in oblong or square 7.6x10.6 sizes at $10.
Empire porcelain lamps , duplex . .
shaped , $1.25.
plex burners , patent extinguish jMoquette Rugs . Ruffled
ers , globe and bowl decorated Mantel Scarfs
with painted flowers and the Japanese scarfs , fringed , 2i J8x36 inches at $ f.OO. IBatiste Curtains
true Empire designs. There are yards long , all sorts of colorings 28x54 inches at $2.50.
lower prices but none we can 35c. 36x72 inches at $3.50. The west window is full of
guarantee so good as these at We doubt if these prices can them and it's the most beauti
$3.00. Table Covers- last long as these goods are ad ful window ever gotten up in
Lamps at all prices up to a Japanese table covers , yard vancing every day. This is a Omaha The goods are unusually
fine Dresden lamp at $25.00. square , fringed all around , beautiful
special purchase of unusually ally fine and the price is unusually
We have banquet lamps as tiful colorings , 33c.
low . . fine patterns and are very choice. ally low $1.95 a pair.
as $ J.50. Another , 30x32 inches , 21c.
1414-1416-1418 Dotiglas Street.
dressed with beechnuts ; then came rare veni
son pasties , savory meat'stews with dump
lings of barley flouri delicious ojsters ( the
gift of the Indians , and ttho first ever tasted
by the white men ) , great bowls of clam
chowder with sea btecult floating on the
steaming broth , roasts of all kinds , broiled
fish , salads ; cakea and plum porridge ; while
the center of each of the long tables was
adorned with a largo basket overflowing
with wild grajes and plums and nuts of
every varietj' .
"It was thetlmo of the Indian summer
The soft , mellow sunlight shone warmly
through the drowsy hsze , Illumining the
sombre woodland with a rich golden light ,
while the- gentle winds of the south , laden
with the sweet perfumes of the forest , came
as a lingering dream of summer to add to
the Joy and brightness this Thanksgiving
feast Upon the balmy air arose the hum
of many voices and the merry music of
laughter , as the Pilgrims with their Indian
guests partook of the feast that the Provider
of all things had given them. "
CIIA.MIUUIIY JIKICIvS.
Tin * Siu-culi-iil Herry I'rnruii liilo
Solid IllocU-M.
Turkey and cranberry sauce ! By force of
long association and the eternal fitness of
things the two go naturally together. What
Is one without the other or Thanksgiving
day without both ? And so to make the
2,000'000 turkejs required for the national
feost moie palatable 500,000 barrels of cran
berries are raised on the marshes of Cape
bottom. This Is dressed by bprcadlng over
It a coating of seashore sand. Into which the
slips are stuck and left to grow at their own
sweet will. In connection with the bog there
chould bo an Irrigating ditch or a reservoir ,
from which It can bo flooded at any time.
The juvenile member of a Sioux City
household attended the services of the Ger
man Lutheran church commemorative of
all the largest marshes Into the control of
stock companies.
It requires hand labor throughout to raise
cranberries. The chief expense once the
crop Is started Is In the picking , which Is
largely performed by women and children ,
who receive from 1 to 1 % cents per quart for
the work , and are able to earn from 75 cents
to $1 per day through the season. The ex
perienced picker works on her knees un
mindful of the wet moss which soaks her
garments. She thrusts her hands through
the moss and vines , lifting up the whole
mass and rapidly stripping off the berries
with a dexterous movement acquired by much
practice. The sight of a long line of men
and women , half a hundred In a group mak
ing their way on hands and knees across the
level field Is picturesque In the extreme , an
effect heightened by the tattered and varie
gated attire of the workers.
A < ? fast as the berries are gathered by the
pickers they are measured out by the "boss , "
and unices they are to go at once to market
ore packed away In boxes for storage. This
packing Is done In what Is called "chaff , "
the moss and leaves picked up In the field.
In boxes with slatted sides to allow a free
circulation of the air. In this way the berry
te4iff
.IN THE COLD STORAGE WAREHOUSE.
Cod and New Jerse. . To be sure not all of
these are eaten on Thanksgiving day , but a
fairly large proportion of them are , and It is
the almost universal ueo of the tart little
botrj' on Thanksgiving , that has led to the
present wonderful extension of the business.
The bunInisH of talslng cranberries is a
peculiar ono In all its aspects. It require * a
special kind of ground , considerable capital
and a vast deal of labor , and It Is a special
trade , more or less Irregular In Its retu-ns ,
llko all of its kind. It I * the chief Industry
of i two sections of this countrj- , where nearly
all the cranberries uiod In America and
Europe are raleed , and which It has trans
formed from waste bog lands Into rich farm
ing ! communities.
The land on which cranberries will Qour-
Uh : U seldom fit for anything else. In the
state In which it U usually found It requires
about J300 per acre to make it fit , eo that the
transformation of a swamp Into productive
cranberry bog make * It a very valuable piece
of property. The first requirement la a peat
"avveata" without decaying and will keep
for P. long tlmo.
When the berries are to be marketed they
are screened , The screen Is like an old-
fashioned fanning mill and serves the double
purpose of removing the chaff end sorting the
berries. Beneath the hopper into which the
berria ) are poured are a number of steps
leading down like a flight of stairs with
openings between them. The chaff Is blown
out at the aide and as the berries fall from
the hopper they bound from ono strp to an
other until they reach the bottom , where they
fall Into receptacles placed there to receive
them. The hardest berrk-t will bound more
than tbo others and run the whole course of
the step * , falling Into the lajt box , while
the softer ones drop through tbo nearer
spices , and In thla way tbo berries are easily
graded. The softer ones are 8blu > ed to the
nearett markets for Immtdlato sale and the
hardest ones are sent abroad or to distant
points.
England takca thousand * of barrel * of
j American cranberries every year and the
1 west has become a great market for them on
account of the scarcity of other small fruits.
| At present more cranberries are sold In Chl-
| cage than In New York or any other eastern
city.Cranberries
Cranberries are not Injured by freezing and
so It Is an easy matter to ship them In cold
weather. They are often sent as far as
Manitoba In ordinary open box cars. When ,
thej' arrive they are frozen Into solid blocks
' a few daj-s ago , had for the last thirty years
, lived tliu life of a recluse with her husband
' and was never seen outside of tbo fence that
Inclosed her homo.
Fifty jears ago Mr. and Mrs. Jarrctt
Ha j ncs , wibo were the pioneers of Paducah.
Ky , and each of wiiom Is more than 90 years
of age , planted a walnut tree In the yard ,
from which sprang u tree , it grew to be a
largo tree , and a jear or two ago Itwas cut
down and sawed Into lumber. The lumber is
LOADING THK U EFRIGEIti\TOIl CAR.
of Ice. The sides of the oases are knocked
off and the berries are exposed In a solid
mass , llko cakes of Ice , except that they are
much more beautiful from their rich red
color. They are chopped off exactly like Ice
and the < : ltlzen ot Winnipeg Is so accustomed
to buying his cranberries eu bloc that he
doesn't mind In the least , though an Dasterner
would prob-tily object to taking them In that
ay , thinking , la his prejudiced mind , tbat
the berries are spoiled.
TIII : ( > i/n-riMii.s.
Mrs. Nancy Sullivan , who died recently In
L-ipeer , Mich. , at the ago of 114 years , was
the oldest resident of the state.
A dinner was recently given In Boston to
ex-Chief John Damrcll , the veteran hero of
the great fire of November 9 , 1S72.
The Comte do Montorun , whose deat'i oc
curred at tbo ago of 87 , wiis one of
the few surviving pages of Charles X. His
fuller was the well Kmwn cavalry general
who fell at the Moskowa ,
Mrs. Barbetta Offeln , wiio died In Illinois'
now at the Hayiifs homo , and la being sawed
to make the collins of the eccentric couple
when they die
Alexander Ramsey of St. Paul iwas ap
pointed by Zachary Taylor first governor of
'Minnesota , and , though his active life covers
the whole period of the stain's history , he Is
Billl prominent In ! all great public move
ments and speaks with us muob energy aa
when ho was governor.
Mrs. Githerlno Angelica Schuylcr Bleock-
or , who died In Brookljn , Friday , was de
scended from the Scbuylera und the Van
ItcnirielfltTs , and the widow of Nicholas
Blcecker , a soldier of the war o ! 1812 ,
whom the. married when hu was well along
hi life for she was not born until 1811. The
late Eugene Echuylcr , diplomatist and his
torian , was her nephew. Though 8C years
old , ehe was warmly interested in all public
uffalrs.
Small clll , tofo pill , nest inn. i > o WItt'i m
Little Early Risers euro blllouoncss , conslU
pallon. tick bnadocne , j
HOW TURKEY S ARIJ ICED
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