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About The Columbus journal. (Columbus, Neb.) 1874-1911 | View Entire Issue (Dec. 31, 1902)
- -.- j --ta-msnBsnnManlllannBnM vsS , -,-.j. a w "V ' M- i. r : L .&?- y ' 4 .. 1 NEBRASKA IN GENERAL a& rv-j ."BnBKSSk BBBnw nBnBBBBnnnBBv - .-BBB I alnapwrlfVlw'KL m SjHmwaV-m .aWrmPalTarashL waVMW EValmmW3' Rbbbbbbsk1 fsEfSESBSSL. nssnrnVkY I r t r v i.vsS t -.. 1-iA & AN OLD SOLDIER'S STORY. "Then the waves of shadow sweep Vorthward on this meadow deep. Tls the charge of Pickett's hosts In the gambols of the Khcsts: nd when southward bends the wheat, rher are acting their retreat. nd the wraiths of men in blue. Siding on the breeze pursue. fonder lowly wall of stone Marks where War was overthrown; Dying now In fitful strife. . In a world once battle-rife. 3roans the monster that his sight Vever shall behold such fight. Kor such heroes see again Death defy on gory plain. Poetry! The roster call: 2rown the humbles of them all With thy wreath of honor's weave, 3o that Wonder may perceive t rhat the laurels here are due Unto all and not a few Michael Cuddy of New York! Franklin Dodd of Benford's Fork. When the fiery Southron there Charged his last in fierce despair. North ten paces from the wall Stood a color-bearer tall. Srasplng in his hardy right. Foremost flag in all the fight. Banner of the Tammany-sent Forty-second Regiment. A BRAVE FIGHT FOR. LIFE. L "I was never so startled in all my vmy experience," said the old cav alryman, "as I was by a newspaper paragraph in June or July, 1865. I have served my full time in the army in a cavalry regiment and had located in a farm within market range of Omaha, Neb. It was stated in a dis patch from Washington that in the case of Lewis Payne, on trial before a military commission for the murder ous attack on Secretary Seward on the night of April 14, and for participa tion in the conspiracy to assassinate President Lincoln, there had been un expected developments. After his as sault on Secretary Seward and escape from the house. Payne had remained in Washington and was arrested at the home of Mrs. Surratt on the night cf April 17. He was then dressed as a common laborer, but was identified as the assailant of Secretory Seward and the confederate of Wilkes Booth. "During, the trial, or at its close, while public sentiment was running more strongly against Payne than any other of the living conspirators, two old people from Centerville, Va., came to Washington to testify that Payne's real name was Powell, that he was really a humane man, and that while te was a member of Mosby's cavalry, operating in Virginia, lie saved the life of a Union prisoner, whoso four companions had been shot down af ter their surrender by Mosby's men. A great deal was made of the Incident in Payne's behaf, and the inference was that he could have had no asso ciation with the assassins of Lincoln. I was startled by this plea, because I was the cavalryman whose life was saved by the intervention of Powell or Payne, and because I felt he was associated with the conspiracy to as sassinate the President. "I enlisted in the cavalry when I was 17 yeas old. On Christmas day, 1863, 1 was still a very young man. On that day I, with four others of our company, moved out on a scouting ex pedition from Alexandria and were rounded up by Mosby's men. We were taken without much ceremony to the little town of Centerville, and drew up in front of a salcon, where a num ber of Mosby's men were drinking. The drunken men rushed out of the saloon with their carbines In their hands, and, without a word of warning, opened fire on the prisoners. "One or my men was killed. Three others, were wounded. I dropped be hind my horse and escaped the bul let meant for me. Thereupon my cap tor, who had been riding by my side, placed himself in front of me, drew his revolver, and swore that he would shoot any man who fired at his pris oner. There was a great commotion over this, people running from the houses near, ethers of Mosby's com mand coming to re-enforce my protec tor, and I was saved. "I wore on that day a suit of cavalry blue, new from top to toe, and I was very proud of it. In ten minutes, how ever, I was stripped to shirt and draw ers and stockings, and stood shivering in the street, when two old people, man and wife, came out of one of the . houses, and gave me a shabby suit of clothes, a pair of old boots, and an -overcoat These I put on and was then ordered to take my dead comrade to a graveyard near and bury him. The three wounded men I never heard of afterward. "We left Centerville about 4 p. m. My captor and defender told me his name was Powell; that he was the son of a Methodist Episcopal minis ter in Texas; that he had been fre quently in Baltimore and Washington, and could go to the latter place when ever he pleased. In his free talk he 6aid he would be in Baltimore now. but In his last trip he shot a man, and the police were on the lookout for him. He drew a revolver, made a pretense of aiming at my head, and fired three shots at a post behind me. Then he asked me to look at the holes in the post and -said: 'If you try any of your blamed Yankee tricks on me, yon know what to expect.' I told him that I understood the situation, and I did. I knew that Mosby's men could shoot "As we rode along towaYd Mosby's headquarters, Powell said the South 'would never give up, and asked me what I thought of the political and mil itary situation. I told him that with the great resources of the North, with thousands on thousands of men ready to re-enforce those already In the army, I saw no hope for the Scuth. Thereupon Powell replied, 'You don't know what you are talking about If worse comes to worst, we will kill Lincoln and all the others at the head pf the government I am ready to do ft bow, "mod I can go to Washington whenever I please!' "As night came on we came to a house, where Powell seemed to be well acquainted. Our horses were put In the stable and we were assigned to the. parlor on the first floor to sleep. "We carried in our saddles and blank ets, as as we prepared for bed I aotlced that Powell himself was tnv er tne tafanee of applejack, aad It ocewred to me that I might escape. "Powell vast to sleep with his hand eaU.tta revolver, but when he slept as illy. I raised a window, dropped my overcoat aad boots outside, climbed oat myself, and in my stock lag. feet ran through the slash sod ever the frozen ground to the woods. am JBr)aray.ThereI took off my Inr tinea aad pat on niy boots and started at a faB rua aorthward. in thwe aillesl cam to a wide stream. i anaaa; In cabas apoa tka surface C the wssmv wfck vu very celd. I Rushing first of Pickett's men Lanky Dodd espied him then Through the smoke of battle hell. Through the roar of shot and shell: "Boys, hurrah; we've got their flag! Watch tne git the Yankee rag!" And before he jumped the wall Stopped and aimed and sped the ball Sergeant Cuddy forward fell. Heard the shrilling rebel yell. Saw. when half-way in his fall. Hundreds, thousands, clear the wall; To his knees he rose and raised Up his banner. "God be praised!" Moaned he. as the rush and shout Told of counter-charge and rout. Michael Cuddy, kneeling there With his banner floating fair. Died, while Dodd's death-stiffening hands Bound his wrists like iron bands. Side by side and hand in hand. In a gliding, ghostly band. Michael Cuddy, Franklin Dodd, Fell in line before their God. And a Voice of thunder rolled: "Here my best. My bravest-bold Dwell, but may return at will To their fields of glory still; Gettysburg on all will bind High respect for human kind; So do heroes work My plan For the brother-peace of man." P. J. Tansey in New York Sun. knew that I must cross, so I took off my clothes, tied them in the old over coat, put the bundle on my head, and started into the ice-cold water, slip ping on the bowlders in the bottom, staggering among the cakes of float ing ice, but finally reaching the other shore. "Once across, I found that I could not bend my chilled legs. I got my shirt on but could not get my trousers or stockings on because I could not bend my legs at the knees. Finally I pulled my trousers and boots on with out bending the legs and again start ed northward. As I staggered along I got the use of my legs and made fif teen miles before daylight. Then I lay in the woods all day without shel ter and without food. At 10 o'clock that night I went to a house and was met in the yard by an old colored woman, who asked me where I be longed. I told her I was one of Mos by's men and that I was starving. She went quietly into the house, asking me to stay where I was, brought out a piece of bacon and a corn pone, and said in a whisper: 'I know you is a Yank, honey, an' you must run away as fast as yo' legs can carry you. Five of Mosby's men are in the house.' I sneaked behind the house, started on a full run for the woods, and, tc make a long story shoru in three weeks reached our lines at Harper's Ferry, and, after recuperation in the hospi tal, went again to my own command. From the night I waded that ice-cold river there have come upon me pe riods in which I could not bend my legs. This infirmity drove me from the farm into other business, but whenever that old feeling of numb ness comes over me the face of Powell comes up before me." Chicago Intel Ocean. Game to the Last Two civil war veterans were talking over old fights the other night at the Waldorf, when the older of the twe asked: "'Bill.' do you remember the day that you thought you were dying down in a hospital in Virginia, aftei that hard fight which we had with the Confederates?" Some way "Bill" could not remem ber. "Well," said the other, "you were lying there on the cot, shot through the head and through the hip." "I remember the wounds," declared "Bill;" "I rather do. I can feel then: yet" "As I said, you were lying there,' continued the old soldier. "Some visi tors came in, and there were women in the party. You had given up hope and thought you were dying; but yor, always were anxious for a 'grandstand finish,' as my son would say. Whal do you think you said to the doctors who were working over you?" "Bill" had not the slightest Idea. "You said: 'Gentlemen, stand aside and let the visitors see a brave mar die!'" "Did I say that?" he asked. "And here I am, years and years after, a stronger man than you ever were John." New York Tribune. Interesting Decision Made. An interesting decision which was recently given by Assistant Secretary Campbell untangles another of the knots of red tape which the late Com missioner, Mr. Evans, is accused oJ tying around the administration of the pension office. It seems that he re fused a pension to Corporal Tyler oJ the Sixth Massachusetts, who was wounded in the famous Baltimore riol on April 19, 1861, Mr. Evans' reason being that Tyler was "not in the serv ice of the United States." Secretary Campbell goes into the common sense of the thing, showing what everybody else but Mr. Evans knew that Tyler was actually in the service of the United States, because he had obeyed the order of his superior offi cer, the governor of Massachusetts, who was carrying out the order of his superior officer, the President of the United States. He must, therefore, have been in the service of the United States, no matter what the records ol the War Department show, inasmuch as the records of the State of Massa chusetts substantiate his claim. In connection with this Secretary Camp bell takes occasion to make a very in teresting discussion of the status ol the state roldiers who were called into the United States service. New York Sun. Knew Ail the Facts. "Negroes generally have funny an swere for almost every question." said L. W. Mitchell of Atlanta to a group of comrades at Camp Roosevelt "Yon have heard, perhaps, of the fellow who was visiting at the scene of the battle of Antietam and met an ole woolly-headed African, who took pleasure in explaining to the visitot all 'facto' about the engagement there The negro was asked if he was pres ent when the fight took place,, and his answer was: "'Sartinly, sah; sure, wuz right heah.' "'Guess you saw the whole thing; then?' "'Deed I did, sah; an' it wuz righ billions times, sah.' " 'What position did you occupy? " 'I waz down in de cellar, sah. I got down dar to keep out de way of J Yankees, case I kaowed dat I woulc be bleecad ter whoop for dem, an I knowed dat Marse Bob Lee didnt pec dat of me, eo I Jis get down In de cellar, am,' let 'em. ft it ont " The Plumbago. From Fanners' Review: Among the best of winter-blooming plants adapted to amateur culture must be listed the Plumbago, with Its large, loose sprays of dainty blossoms of the softest, most delicate lavender blue. I know of no other flower so exquisite in color. Individually the flowers are small about the size of, and almost identical in shape with, the annual phlox of our summer gar den, but there are so many in a clus ter that the plant is quite showy. Cf course, because cf its subdued color ing, it cannot rival, the geranium, or the Hibiscus, but what it lacks in brilliance it makes up for In refined beauty. To see a well-grown speci men of it in full bloom Is to admire it, and make one feel envious of its own er. But there need be no envy of Its possession, as any one can grow it with but little trouble. I would not advise attempting to grow it from cut tings, as I have found it a difficult plant to propagate in that way. The best way Is to get a young plant of the florist It will probably have an unpromising look, when received, as many cf its leaves will be shed, while in transit, but if the stalk is hard and green, no harm has been done by its journey. Pot it in a soil of ordinary garden loam made light and mellow by mixing coarse sand with it Do not use a large pot at first Water mod erately, and give it a place a little way back from the sun. In a short time it ought to begin to grow. When growth really sets in, its development will be rapid, and after two or three months a shift to a pot two or three sizes larger will be advisable. The habit of the plant is to send out branches terminated with flowers. As soon as the flowers have faded, cut back the branch to about one-third its original length. Soon the buds at the base of the stub will develop into branches from which you will get more flowers. By continued cutting back, as advised above, you keep the plant producing new branches, conse quently new flowers. It is an easy matter, therefore, to keep it almost constantly in bloom. Old plants often send out branches four and five feet in length, and repeated cutting-back makes them so bushy that there will be scores of flowering-points on each good specimen. It is a good plan to force the plant to take a few weeks' rest in summer. This can be done by keeping it quite dry. No harm will be done if you allow the soil to dry out until most of the leaves -fall. By and by cut it back about one-third, give more water, and allow it to begin the work of renewing itself, as it will soon do. Those who have never grown this charming flower will be delighted with It The variety de scribed is catalogued a P. capensis. There are two other varieties in cul tivation, P. rosea, red, and P. alba, white. Both are pretty, but they lack the free-flowering qualities of the blue variety. Eben E. Rexforti. An Upper Study. In city houses it is becoming quite common to find an upstairs sitting room or library to which the student who wishes to read, write or study can go and get away from the hubbub that often characterizes the evening reunions of a big family socially in clined, who like to visit among them selves or to entertain their friends after the business of the day is over. There is less need in city than in country houses for such a den as in the former there is ordinarily a gen eral and uniform system of heating, which makes their bedrooms comfort able and available for all who desire privacy. But one cannot always have a library in one's bedroom and there is a certain fitness which appeals to most people in having one room in the house sacred to intellectual uses. Though there is great need of such a provision in many country homes, par ticularly if the family is large, it is seldom found, perhaps because the ap propriation of a room to that service would seem a kind of trespass on the long established custom of devoting the second story of a dwelling to dor mitory purposes only, yet, as already remarked, the need is great because the majority of country houses are equipped with neither furnaces nor steam heating plants, but instead are dependent upon stove heat which is unevenly distributed. Often the bed rooms are only partially heated and therefore cannot be used as sitting rooms in the winter. Sports and "chores" generally consume the hours of daylight which the boys and girls have before and after school, which means for them study in the evening; and a suitable place should be pro vided for them. Literary men have been fond of utilizing attics which often make ideal studies. A good sup ply of daylight should be a prime con sideration in locating such a place unless it is to 'bo used exclusively in the evening and then the best of arti ficial light should be furnished. That requirement can be easily met by pro viding a student lamp, than which no better reading lamp has ever been made, and they are no longer very ex pensive. In many a country house there is a large upper hall, and if no other room is available a portion of this may be screened off and furnished with a table, chairs, book shelves and other necessary or desirable fittings. Scientific Poultry Raising in Canada. Poultry farming' in Canada is a busi ness that is being developed substan tially in several market branches, notably the selling of specially plump well dressed chickens to Canadian city merchants and to commission mer chants in Great Britain, the selling of live chickens to firms who export, them to Great Britain, and the selling of fresh winter eggs. There are mer chants in Montreal who will pay from 10 to lie a pound for fatted chickens, and one of them has offered to buy 500,000 lbs. of those especially fat tened chickens this fall, guaranteeing to pay not less than 10c per pound for each chicken. The government of Can ada has established a number of fat tening stations, and teaches the farm er not only what Great Britain's poul try markets require, but how ia make the chickens to suit the market Na tional Frovisioner. English judges have worn the pe culiar wigs they now wear since the reign of Charles IL Music is the only sensual gratifica tion which mankind may indulge in to excess without- tajary to their moral or religious feelings. Addison. Maria Dressier Hsalth Impreves. Notes from the Rang Catintryw Laramie County, Wyoming The shipping of caXUe is about over. Ship ments this season have not been as heavy as usual owing to shortness ol feed. Most of Wyoming had little or no rain, the southeastern part getting the most moisture. The hay crop was about 20 per cent short' Alfalfa Cut two fair cops when generally we get three. Potatoes would have made a large yield, but the heavy frost of Sep tember 11th, which made ice in some locations, cut the vines down. The yield was in the neighborhood cf 5 bushels, while the quality would aver age 85 to 90, taking 100 as the stand ard. Sheep have done well to data both in shearing and in lambing. The fleeces average e to 7 pounds, but prospects from now on for both sheep and cattle depending on range feed are poor. With a mild winter no great losses may be looked for, but if we have severe weather the loss will be heavy. A great many cattle hav been shipped to market on account of shortness of range feed. Sheep ship ments also increased. The increased cattle shipments are 25 to 40 per cent, sheep 50 to 75 per cent The quality of cattle as compared with other years is about 90, taking 100 as the stand ard. Sheep are nearly up to the aver age. Horses have been In demand and have brought good prices. The colt crop Is large, there having been no late snows or cold rains. Owing to the short crop hay is in demand and brings good prices, all the way from $6 to 8 per ton in stack. Wheat and oats where water held out for irrigate ing were big crops both in yield and quality. Taking the state through I would estimate the yield at 90 per cent and the quality at 95. Little or no corn was raised in tho southern part of Wyoming. Our weather to date is very fine with only .06 of an inch of melted snow this month, which is not moisture enough. Sheep and cattle will commence the wintei in fair condition. Chas. H. Edwards. Latah County, Idaho. This has been one of the most prosperous seasons that the farmers and stockmen have experienced in sev eral years. The prices of grain, horses, cattle and sheep have been above the greatest expectations. The weather and general conditions of the country have been such that grain was all harvested in good condition. The acreage in Latah and Nez Perce counties was very large and the yield above the average. Flax ran 22 to 28 bushels, wheat 30 to 60, oats 60 to 80, and barley 60 to 80. Grass did well and pastures are green at present on account of the late rains. Potatoes, were a very large crop but are not keeping well. Apples are about 4C per cent of a crop and are of only medium quality. The apple scab is doing its work on the older trees. Hogs have brought and are still bring ing a good price, 64 to 6c per pound on foot The market is a little weak at the present time. The cattlemen of the Palouse and Potlatch counties have increased the value of their herds by importing improved stock. Hundreds of well-bred bulls and cows have been added to the herds during the past summer. Good horses are high and scarce and the latter arc also being improved each year by the use of better breeding animals brought from the east The larger per cent ol our native horses have gone to South Africa, therfore, when our country is restocked it will be by a better and more desirable class. U. S. 'G. Evans. To Prevent Fraud in Live Stock Registry. The secretary of the American Aberdeen-Angus Breeders' association, in an official communication, says: All honest breeders are alive to the ne cessity of guarding well the integrity of the record. It is, therefore, wise tc note every beacon light indicating rocks and shoals in the way of pre serving what has so far proved a re liable record. One of the largest and most successful recording associations of America at its last annual meeting was told by its president "that its business in the past few years has un dergone a marked change in charac ter. Formerly the great bulk of ani mals registered and transferred were the property of large and well known breeders who generally registered their stock in large batches; whereas at present a great part of the business is with small breeders unfamiliar with the rules and who register but one or two animals at a time. This has re sulted in largely increasing the num ber of individual accounts and the vol ume of correspondence. The impor tance of having applicants vouched for when unknown.... is apparent If the purity of the . . . .breed and the re liability of our herd register are to be maintained we must be informed as to the character of the men upon whose statements both are founded. To thil end a reference book has been opened and now contains 1,017 names ol breeders who have been vouched for and the list is being added to as fast as possible." The association alluded to in the above extract has expended about $5,000 in ferreting out a few per sons (who have abused the confidence placed in them) and in bringing merit ed punishment upon these individuals. -This thorough and expensive investi gation resulted in finding 445 animals affected out of a total record of about 160,000. and these 445 have been stricken from that record. Properly Cooling Poultry. When dressed poultry is"- to be shipped to the cities in considerable quantities it is necessary to -get the animal heat out of it before packing. Much complaint is heard In the large markets on account of poultry spoil ing in transit, due to the animal heat not having been taken out before pack ing. The Ice has been pnt around the barrels in proper manner, but when the barrels are opened some of the fowls in the middle have heated to the point of spoiling. The outside layers are cool enough, but the cold has been unable to penetrate the whole mass. The only way to prevent this state of things is to cool the middle of the mass to near the freezing point before it is shipped and indeed before it Is solidly packed. A little care in this regard will save a good deal of money first and last No well should be near enough to a barnyard to be tainted by washings from it Tis an in wind that doesn't raise the dust for somebody, .v .... Political debts of hcijor' are ? some ! times -honcred in the breacav aaaaaaa aBTBHnaaRkr avasaav s. AUrSaBataTlj Keep Up Dairying. tn times of prosperity it is well not to forget the days of adversity that we have seen and may see again. To lay there Is money la almost any cind of farming. Mote money can ae made in raising beef and pork per aaps than in making butter, but this is a condition that belongs to pros perity. When the gloomy days come, ind the pig and the steer cease to re turn a profit, is the time when the cow Is found to be a standby. The profit she returns in prosperity and in ad versity is not a large one, but it is a profit nevertheless and not to be de spised. It is Very noticeable at a time when other things are returning losses. So at this time the cow should not be forgotten. Many a man will have to fall back on her yet During the hard times of a few years ago thousands of men went to milking cows that had never done so before. But they discovered then that they had not been preparing their herds for that possibility, and consequently had to milk cows that gave them very little proat They had been in the past breeding to beef bulls and had calves of mixed blood. They then wished they had sated their best calves for mllkera. Yet after the clouds had passed away they forgot all about their former experiences and went to selling their good cows and good calves and breeding dairy cow3 to beef bulls. They arc likely to re peat their old mistake and experience the old regrets. What should be done at this time is to keep the best dairy cows and breed them to the best dairy bulls, retaining their calves if they show signs of developing into good milkers. In this way a fairly good lot of cows will be ready for work when needed. It is sad to relate that at this time even good cows are be ing sent to the butcher, the owner having become fixed in the idea that prosperity is henceforth to be per petual. Farmers' Review. How to Get Good Butter. The all important question of the day with creamery and dairy men is how to 'obtain a uniform and fine fla vored butter. Nearly all investigators agree that the secret lies in the proper ripening of the cream; and when we read of the tons of low grade butter brought into the markets daily, all owing to the fact that the negligence or igxorance as to the proper treat ment of the cream lies at the root of this great fault, it appears to be a point worthy of consideration. To state the subject of starters plainly and intelligently, it is neces sary to take the fundamental princi ples of the ripening of cream into consideration. The ripening of cream includes two features upon which the luality of the butter largely depends. These are flavor and texture. The effects of ripening with starters are .ar more marked upon the flavor of jutter than upon the texture, for it .s during this process that the char tcteristlc flavors are developed. Cream .ipening is merely a fermentation process caused by bacterial growth. I'his growth is controlled by tempera .ure, in which a rise (from 60 degrees a, and not to exceed 100 degrees F.) .induces growth and develops immense tumbers of bacteria; while lowering .ne temperature retards growth. The action of these germs in cream re sults in the conversion of a part of the jiilk sugar into lactic acid, and a slight formation of carbonic acid gas and a few other volatile constituents not definitely known. Oscar Erf, be fore Indiana dairymen. Asiatic Butter Trade. At a convention of dairymen in Wisconsin Major Alvord of the Dairy Division Department of Agriculture was 'asked concerning the sale of American butter in Asia. He replied that an agent was there, but that there was no probability of doing any thing, as the price the foreigners were willing to pay for butter was below what Americans would pay for it He was then asked what use there was of keeping an agent there, and replied that it was casting bread on the waters. We fail to see the ad vantage of trying to build up a for eign trade under such conditions. Of course it makes a position for some man to fill at a good .salary, but that i's all. In a recent report tho agent jn question says that the American butter he finds in Eastern Asia is as good as the Danish article, with the exception that the American butter does not stand up as well as does the Danish butter. Some declare that this difference is due to the Danes feed ing largo amounts of bran and the Americans feeding large amounts of corn and cornmeal. Butter to sell in a hot climate must have a good body and be able to stand up. German Butter Trade. The trade in German butter with the United Kingdom, the principal market has (the British consul re ports) had to contend with the sharp competition of other butter exporting countries, particularly Denmark, Rus sia and Canada, and has decreased of 'late years to a considerable extent, says London Grocer. On the other hand, the import of foreign butter into Germany has increased during the last eight years from 18,000,000 to 26,000,000 marks. To a statement of the Prussian minister for agricul ture that the German butter, particu larly the so-called factory butter, is no longer considered good in the United Kingdom, the German butter exporters made the following reply: The reason for the decreased export does not lie in the quality of the but ter, but in the fact that the British Importers will not pay a high price. Business is only possible if the Ger man butter can be supplied a little cheaper than the Danish butter, and this is not possible, the average an nual home prices being higher than in Denmark. Keep Up Markings of Poultry. From Farmers' Review: I am sure a breeder cannot be too particular In keeping up the markings of his or her poultry where they are bred for fancy breeding purposes, and if they are solid colored then I am just as partic ular to have the shape right and the size. I never saw a herd of stock or a flock of poultry but what had calls enough ia when you do your nest to prevent them. So my advice Is cull your stock close and let all culls go to market Don't sell them for breeding purposes because you can get a few cents store for them. Tows for good W. P. Rocks. A. Z. Loss tn Uitatantfarilized Creatft. Nearly every cream separator has some contrivance by which tne rich ness cf the cream can be regulated, but these regulations are far from accurate. 'A 'fairly uniform cream de livered by the separator In daily op eration may have a range of varia tions of 5 per cent above or below the per cent desired. These variations even in a minimum case would result in great profit or loss, as the case may be, too great for a healthy, legitimate business. To Illustrate: Take flfty gallons of cream containing 20 per cent of butterfat and as a variation, let there be 5 per cent more butter fat than the standard requires. As sume that the cream is sold at an av erage price of 80c a gallon. The toes to the party selling the cream would unount to $10 on the flfty gallons, which could have been saved by standardization. Even though each separator has a regulating con trivance there are always some con ditions in practical operations which influence separation and cause varia tion in the richness of the cream. These conditions can be controlled, to a certain extent but In order to secure as little variation as by stand ardizing the operation will require such vigilance and close supervision that it would become impracticable for the creamery man as well as for the dairyman. The first and probably the most Im portant cause of these variations Is due to the speed of 'the bowl ia the cream separator, for anything that tenc to change the speed must neces sarily influence the per cent of fat in the cream. Second, the temperature of the milk has considerable influ ence on the per cent of fat in the cream. A difference of ten or more degrees in the temperature of the milk will cause a decided variation in the per cent of butterfat in the cream. If milk is warm the cream will be thicker, if cold it will be thinner, other conditions being equal. Third, the per cent of fat changes with the amount separated per hour. If milk is fed into a separator at an uneven rate or if the flow of milk is stopped, the thickness of the cream will be greatly influenced. Although cream separators are nearly all pro vided with .floats to regulate the in flow of the milk into the machine, yet a slight variation of pressure as that due to the difference In the height of milk In the receiving can or tem pering vat influences the per cent of fat in the cream. Fourth, the amount of water or skim milk used to flush out the bowl at the end of separa tion will naturally tend to affect the cream test Fifth, the condition ol the milk changes the per cent by having small clots obstruct the cream or skim milk passage in the bowl oi the separator. Saving Seed Corn. From Farmers' Review: In youi issue of the 12th inst an article or seed corn saving in the cellar by A T. Evans, leads me to say that seed corn saving can be much simplified by making a flat box large enough tc bold the seed required, with doors along one side and covered all ovei with screen wire similar to that used for window screens. Suspend thh from the floor joists. This prevents all loss from mice or rats, which is some times considerable, saves much time labor and string. As to dampness, 1 have seen corn come out quite mouldy, but still vigorous, safe seed Surely no cellar too damp for corn is fit to live over. A wet cellar should be drained and plastered on the out side of the walls with portland ce ment A damp one made dry by a ventilating hole in the chimney near the cellar bottom. W. L. Frisbie, Win nebago County, Illinois. From Farmers' Review: In regard to saving seed corn in a cellar I would say: Corn at this time of year should be sound and ripe. Any common cel lar on the farm will prove to be all right A green mould may form over it, but that will not prevent it from growing in the spring. Before shell ing hang it in the air and let it be come dry- A. T. Evans, Knox County, Illinois. Keep Up the Feeding. A force pulling in the direction of large and economical milk-giving. U persistent dry milking and persistent high feeding. The trouble with most of us is that, as the cows get farther along in the period of lactation, we drop off the feed prematurely. We follow the false doctrine that we should measure the supply of nutri ents by the yield of milk, and when ever the cow drops in yield we punish her. and, through her. ourselves, by making a corresponding reduction in the food supply. We forget the drafts upon the feed other than for the pro duction of milk, and we forget that these drafts increase as the time foi the birth of the next calf approaches Remember, on the other side, the danger of milk fever, and guarding ourselves against it as best we ma during the last three weeks prior to the birth of the calf, we want to con tinue a good full ration of roughage and grain well through the entire period of lactation. Clinton D. Smith. An Old Hen. A western paper reports the death of a hen that had arrived at the ripe old age of 14 years. She was a great layer for several years, but during the last few years had laid no eggs. She was useful, however, as a sitter. D;ir ing her life she was said to have hatched out about thirty broods oi chicks. We have not yet been able to ascertain how old a hen must be be fore she ceases to be profitable. Some follow the practice of killing off the hens when they arrive at the age of two years. This is doubtless a good practice with some breeds. Doubtless also the rigid carrying out of the vule results in some good layers going to an untimely death. Here and there are hens that have great vitality and fecundity and in some cases these qualities, doubtless, increase beyont! the two years spoken of. Little Chronicles. Its Destiny "What became of that little kitten you had here?" asked lady visitor of the small girl. "Why, haven't you heard?" "No; was It drowned?" "No." "Lost?" "No." "Poisoned?" "No." "Them whatever did become of it?" said the lady. "It growed p tiim cat,' was the reply. -' . TIACHCM COMIN IN POKCt. Well Superintendent ef laatractlM Fow ler believes the meeting of the' state teachers this year will be more see cessful and of more interest than any previous meeting. In an iaterview be said: "The teachers of Nebraska are coa tag to the state association this year in larger numbers than ever before. The vastly better program Is attract ing them. Many will be here Monday and Tuesday (29th and 30th) to take the state examination for life certil cates. Ia fact, the oMce of the state sHperintendeat of pablic instruction will not be large enough to contain them all. Many other teachers will be la Tuesday to see the art exhibit before the regular meetings begin. iae county superintendents will all be here Tuesday to attend; the basi ness session in representative hall and to discuss school law. The education al council will meet Tuesday evening aad Wednesday forenoon, and Wednes day afternoon nine meetings of the auxiliary association will be in fall blast. From that- time until Friday night you won't be able to throw a snowball on O street, or between the Lindell and the Lincoln, from St Paul's church to the university with out hitting a schoolma'am. And they will not all dissolve from view Friday night Many will remain over Saturday ko do some shopping, and others will 'remain faithful to the program at St iPaul's church Friday evening and go to the "play" at the Oliver Saturday afternoon or night "Much Ado About Nothing." MANY FARMERS USE 'PHONES. This Fact Appears at Mcetinf ef Tele phone Men. LINCOLN Twenty-five representa tives of independent telephone com panies in the state have gathered at Lincoln for the fourth annual con vention of the association of inde pendent telephone companies, which began Saturday. It is claimed (hat during the past year the independent concerns have established more 'phones In the state than the Bell company has. Plants are being constructed now at Beat rice and Fremont, and a determined effort is to be made to get into Om aha, by way of South Omaha, where a franchise has been voted to a local independent company by the people. The increased use of the telephone in the farming communities is declar ed remarkable, and the officers of the Independent companies declare they have more work to do than they can attend to. FARMERS WILL ORGANIZE. Grain Associations Will Join Together for Mutual Protection. LINCOLN. Neb. Representatives from all the farmers' co-operative grain associations will meet in Lincoln next mdnth to organize into a state body. There will probably be sixteen such organizations represented. It is likely that within another year at least flfty of such organizations will be ef fected. The grain buyers over the state, so it is alleged by the farmers, have or ganized themselves into a state asso ciation, which tends to compel the farmers to accept weights and prices that do not seem just. The meeting in the second week of next month will also consider the proposition to join the proposed in terstate merger with Oklahoma ana Kansas. Passenger Train Buried. LINCOLN, Neb. Fifty passengers on train No. 302 on the Burlington, running from Denver to Deadwood, were buried beneath ten feet of snow for twenty hours. They were rescued Sunday night after ten hours' work by a relief force sent from Sidney. Neb. The relief force also numbered flfty persons. The little town of Mercer. Neb., was the home of the snowbound. travelers for twenty hours. The place is only a cluster of about ten houses and shantie- and the train was obliged to remain beneath the snow until aid could be secured from Sidney, ten miles away. Cudahy Builds at Lincoln. LINCOLN The Cudahy Packing company of Omaha will build a large new storehouse here wnen warm weather sets in next year. The pres ent building is too small. The build ing will be a three-story brick with basement and fitted with cold storage purposes. It will cost $60,000. The basement will be used for poultry, as the Cudahy company is going to en large that branch and oppose the Ar mour company in the poultry busi ness, of which it has a monopoly ia the west Wins Oratorical Contest CRETE, Neb. In the annual ora torical contest held here three of its best orators contended for the honor of representing Doane in the s'tate con test soon to be held in Lincoln. Ar thur F. Gulliver, the representative of the sophomore class was the sucess- ful contestant "David Livingstone" was the subject of bis oration. Mr. E. W. Altvater won second place, aad with it the honor of being chairman of the delegation to the state contest Congressman Robineen Recovering. MADISON, Neb. CoBgressBUUt Rob inson, rho became ill with appendi citis, snd whose condition was for a time alarming. Is oa the way to re covery. His temperature and pulse are normal and he Is free from pain. Tfee doctors say that his recovery is certain, and without an operation at present, though one will be performed latatvs - ajiiBJ j Mm alia. VaFiwWP9 BBajaaaaBjawmnk Mm Oette, s weH ceaaty raacamM, It beHevee Is aSVe psrlstssl IS tbe fceat settn. It Ml aJe itJMfc Is leak up stray cattle, Me4a lC aia bees ef aim staee. tbrea . Says alter ate departure bw ierse re target aJsne. Mack Interest is beiag stirred vp as the state tmtversHy at Uacetn IS am UcipitftMi ef the preliminary debates next Month, The nalvemity will hoM debates witb Colorado at Denver. Kansas at Lawrence. Kan., ana Mle sonri at Lincoln early in May. The water famtae at Nebraska City is over and the company baa all the water aeeded to supply all of the ae amaSs of tne city an iadnstrles. The river has been risiag steadily for asms tlsse past aad now there Is three feet of water at the intake pipe at the pumping station. The state game warden baa brought action agaiast the American Express company, claiming that one of Its messengers, George D. Buchanan, was illegally transporting two barrela of game. The game was coaflscatei by the anthoritiea and the suit against the company will be pushed. William Bielfeldt. a well-to-do Halt county farmer, reputed to be worth. 120.000, has been commanded by the county authorities to provide for Ma daaghter, who is subject to epileptic Its. She has been permitted tu wan- -der from place to place, and is sate to have had bo parental care. Thiags about the state bouse are being put in readiness for the coming session of the legislature. The desks have been revaraished aad cards witb the Barnes of the various legislators ' have been placed on the desks. Some of the members have been here fa miliarizing themselves witb the condi tions. A new democratic dally will be started in Fremont about January 1, or before. A stock company has been formed and will be Incorporated as soon as n few preliminaries are out of the way. The stock will be $4,000, of which Waldo Wintersteen of Fremont will own half and about twenty lead ing democrats of the city and county the other half. The "Hello Bill" company, which showed at Beatrice, had the receipts of the box office and baggage attached by Miss Mildred Claire and Frank T. Glenn, members of the company, who claimed that Manager Kellogg owed them back salaries to the amount of $100 each. Mr. Kellogg denies the fact that he owes the alleged debt ard proposes to fight the case. Frank Roberts, the young man who disappeared so mysteriously about a month ago from South Omaha, where he was employed by the American and Pacific express companies, is now . in Hastings at the home of his par ents. When asked about his disap pearance he said that everything was a blank to him from the time he left Omaha until he found himself in Chi cago. It is quite evident that he ba? came demented. $ Plans are being made by a njsnber of local business men o fAshmnd to purchase the south half of bjock 17. Flora City addition, and present the same to the City of Ashland, to be used as a public park. The ground is finely located for a park, being within one block' of the business center. F. H. Chickering and C. N. Folsom are ' circulating a subscription paper, head ed by a donation cf $1,000 from E. A. Wfggenhorn. and ranging in amount from $150 down to $50. The Nebraska Association of Osteo pathic Physicians held its annual con vention in Lincoln. A number of in teresting papers were read and dis cussed and a legislative committee ap pointed, which will look after matters of interest to the association before the coming legislature. These officers were elected for the coming year: Dr. Milligan of Grand Island, president; Dr. Moss of Ashland, vice president; Dr. Grace Beedan of Omaha, secretary. Governor-elect Mickey was in Ne braska City to Investigate the manage ment of the institute for the Blind. In an interview Mr. Mickey stated that he found the people very well satis fled with Mr. Morey. the superintend ent at the Institute, but that there is Home dissatisfaction as to the way in which the school Is managed. Mr. Mickey said he had not yet decided whether he would retain Mr. Morey. but would carefully investigate the situation before rendering a decision. NO DANCE FOR MR. MICKEY Governor-Elect Would Not Attend the Inaugural Ball. LISCOLN, Neb. Governor-elect Mickey seems considerably surprised ' . that his opinions on dancing should -have been given such prominence in the press of the state. "I regret that there has been so much publicity given to the matter," . he said, in explaining his position. "The church of which I am a mem ber has elected me to several respon sible positions and places of trust and a it is opposed to dancing I did not see my way clear to attend the propos- ' ed inaugural ball. I certainly should not attend it if I were simply a private citizen, and I see no reason why 1 should attend it as governor. "I said some time ago that my po- sion should not interfere with the ball." Inasmuch as one of the leading fea tures of every inaugural ball Is the grand march, which the governor leads, those in charge declared It off as soon ss he declared his position. H. R. Penny, formerly a grata brok er, will open a new jobbing house In Omaha. January 15. The concern will handle hosiery, underwear aad other furnishings. Governor-elect Mickey was a visitor at the State Iadastrial school at Kear ney, droppiag In without announce awat of his coming. He made a. criti cal inspection of all parts of the in stitution, but made a comment on. the administration of .inerintendent e ("jl ssr smnsssBBi fM i - f 5 . M , -W v 3 mnsrBBml t naar mnmn nn"-si ? V ass! assH ass! asT I rrst, . Tf-r,. rt - ? Vt' -1 i. Z" rCW-W- ' .- yv?.- r sir" A; . "2 J-T i . - --. :. 5 ,As: ... i..vrj- , - r fa - ', riJv" 4.. J . 're-f M :S ii ,; r-i ,. 3Z&??4 icfJZx'ZZCr!. . -. ..-rfc- i? '? --i .. -l- .. - rX' to jf&SLv&r mrx .- &..-.. ...a E&1-" -..- r. -,'. E.r)bJki
