Image provided by: University of Nebraska-Lincoln Libraries, Lincoln, NE
About The Columbus journal. (Columbus, Neb.) 1874-1911 | View Entire Issue (Sept. 23, 1885)
it ". , ME ' i N .' 4! w r i. ! I.: U s 1 ? $ K I'!! i IK 13 lil THE JOTJBNAL.1 WEDNESDAY, SEPT. 23, 1885. Isttrtl at tit Fe:to3et, CuJtmtu. Sit., u tiesa elm mttttr. NATURAL PHILOSOPHY. Wfean thing run smoothly, and but ratal sky la clear of docaa and there's no cauaa fw alfhs, Xbat la. when alt it lovely and aerene. taaal Philosophise. But when the little ilia of Ufa appear. To pester. om, pile care a eara; Wfeea mere existenoa la aand-papered, a It were. Why, then I swear. When on tke riffbt aide is my bank account. And great good lack my effort! seems to crown, Then upward toward the sky ay spirits mount: I own the town. But when misfortune never seen to 1st Up on me, and each more appears a Una der. And life seems one "demnlUon grind." I get As mad as thunder. , Tis so with mbatfwe all'can smtle at strife. At cares and trials from which e are Tree: And calmly reason o'er the ills of life We never see. , But when the clouds obscure our dally skies And evils from Pandora's box fly thick. Instead of stopping- to philosophize. We mostly kick. Harry J. SlxlUnan, in Texas SifUsiO. ATLANTIC ICEBEB0S. The Great Bisks Bun by North At lantic Vessels. age Masses of Ice Borne Along the Broad Bosom T the Labrador Carrent Ships Discovered oa the Kads of Iassaeaae Bergs Late . Collisions. V.-' In the daily papers, at intervals, more or leas widely separated, we may tee notices of icebergs passed by ships .on their passages to and from the ports of North America. Not unfrcqucntly a thrilling account reaches us of ship wrecks, suffering and sad loss of life, caused by some ill-fated vessel collid ing with an iceberg and sinking in mid ocean. Occasionally, some noble ship, replete with all modern improve ments under the command of a skill ful navigator, carrying a previous freight of eager hearts' and . filing bands to their Eldorado of the Far West, sails from our shore. .Xafothing more is heard of her. In a little while be is posted at Lloyd's as mjasing, and a total loss. Her insurance is paid; and except to a few hearts at home be wailing their loss, her, fate fades away ia oblivion. Few landsmen would, however, be able to infer from these necessarily crude and fragmentary paragraphs oL the newspapers the great risks which are run in all seasons of the jrear by passen gers and crews iu the North Atlantic. The most important dangers are ice bergs, fogs, and derelict vessels. Ice bergs are more especially to be met with in this ocean from the middle of February to the commencement of July. The barrier of northern ice ia broken up by the increasing power of the sun's rays as he marches onward in bis apparent path towards the summer solstice, attaining day by day a greater northern declination, far to the north, in those awful ice-bound regions within the arctic circle where so many brave men have perished, each glacier pro trudes an icy mass beyond the land and resting on the water. In course of time the extremity is wrenched violently off by the upward-bearing pressure of the sea. After a few convulsive somer saults, the resulting ice-berg, iu all its grandeur, 11 oats placidly in its new element, and be acted on by wind and current. is now tree to the forces of The bergs are borao southward by the Great Arctic or Labrador current, which vast body of water washes the east coast of North America from Labrador to Flori da, and constitutes what is known to meteorologists as the "cold walL" Huge masses of ice or ice-islands are borne along on its broad bosom, mixed with smaller icebergs and field-ice. Icebergs and field-ice are formed in quite distinct ways. A berg, as we save seen, has its origin as ' a glacier probably far inland, and moves down ward to the sea as a component part of the glacier ; whereas field-ice is formed oa the surface of. the sea during the polar winter. Side by side with the Arctic current flows the warmer water f the Gulf-stream. The direction of tae Gulf-stream is, however, opposite to that of the Arctic current, and it is more remote from the American coast. So sudden is the cMange in the tem perature of the sea-surface when crossed by these currents, that the tem perature of the water at the extreme ends of a vessel has been found to dif fer from twenty to thirty degrees. The influence of these' two great riv ers in the ocean is verv noticeable when we compare she climates of two places, both equally distant from the equator, but separated from each other by the wide expanse of the Atlantic. The Americans have the cold current hug ging their coast, thus increasing the severity of their winter; while the warmer water of the Gulf Stream, stretching across in a northeasterly direction from about Cape Hattcras to the west coast of IrelanuVtends direct ly or indirectly to ameliorate the rigor of our climate. In March. 1883. the Dundee whalers reached a point iu lat itude' seventy-four degrees thirty min utes north, longitude four degrees thirty minutes east; while at the same time the harbors of America were im penetrable by reason of ice even as low down as Bordeaux. Icebergs have been observed aground on the Banks of Newfoundland, where the deep sea sounding had showed that bottom had been reached at a depth of six hundred and fifty feet. During the past two or three years many large icebergs and field-ice, hundreds nf miles in extent, have been saet with in latitude forty-two degrees north. Many of these bergs attained a height of three hundred' feet above the level of the sea. When we remember that but one-niuth of the volume of a berg is exposed to view, it would ap pear that the total altitude may have been, roughly-speaking, about tws thousand seven hundred feet. They have been fallen in with in the North Atlantic as early as January and as late as September. In March, a vessel aas been jammed so firmly in the ice ia -latitude forty-four degrees north, longi tude forty-five degrees west, as to en able her master to enjoy the luxury of a walk on the ice in mid-ocean. Ice bergs have been seen richly laden with stones, earth, and other substances, which they deposit gradually on the bed of the ocean, perhaps for geologists of future ages to ponder over. Occasionally, icebergs are the car riers of more interesting objects. In Jane, 1794, His Majesty ships Deda lss and Ceres passed ,a very high and dangerous ice-island on which a ship wss stranded. In June, 1845, in lab tod forty-six. degrees north, longitude forty-seven degrees west, the Perth shire passed an ice-island thirty miles soar, and on the north end was a snip high and dry with her crew; but no assistance could be afforded them. In April, 1851. the Renovation, in latitude forty-five degrees fifty' minutes north. a the edge of the Grand Bank, passed a very large berg, on which were two three-masted ships nigh and dry. Xfasr hisfsawaflj bass; sutde sasf assl secure at sosse previous time for win ser quarters in the Arctic regions. These tws Teasels were supposed by some to have been the Erebns and Ter ror of Franklin's long-lost expedition, thoarh later tidings do not support this, supposition. Is May. 1883, "the City of Luteals passed tweaty-sevea birr bergs in latitade forty-five degress north, longitude forty-eight degrees west, with many Polar bears on them. The Magdalen, ten days previously, bat two degrees farther to the eastward, ' had passed tretsendous bergs, like islands, with many Arctic animals oa them. In April a large berg was seen with a hut on it: and on the 28th of the same month the Glamorgan passed store than ons hundred bergs with nusserous bears on them. The ice was two hundred and sixty miles ia width. Probably these animals would exist on fish and seals. Dr. Scoresby once counted five hundred bergs at one time in the Polar Seas. A steamer has passed ss many as three hundred dur ingber passage across the Atlantic There 'is .scarcely anything .more, grandly beautiful and majestically im pressive than a large berg seen under favorable conditions. It is a sight hardly to be reproduced on the canvas of the painter or to be portrayed in words. Its stately domes, its glittering pinnacles, its fairy-like arch itecture, its peculiar sea green tint, the miniature cascades, all conspire to hold captive the senses with a feeling of aw. They are. however, as treacher ous as beautiful, being extremely dan gerously to approach except at a re spectable distance. Owing to the con stant melting of the ice, the bergs are always changing their form. Their center of gravity becomes displaced; they topple over, and woe betide the unfortunate vessel close at band! If the bergs were easily distinguishable, the mariner would have little to fear. This is not the case. They arc gene rally shrouded in mist, and are met with in latitudes where dense fog is prevalent. The thermometer gives but imperfect indications of the presence .of ice. With the utmost vigilance, bergs are close to the ship before being seen. The passenger in his warm berth can hardly realize the intense strain on the senses of the captain and officers at such times. The Meteorological Office Is in formed, by telegram from America, of the exact position of bergs passed by steamers on their outward passage to New York. This information is pub lished in the daily papers for the imme diate benefit of the mariner. The Admiralty place on their charts the limits within which ice is likely to be met) whilst the American Government published monthly charts in which they embody all the reports of ice met with up to date of going to press. It is a matter of wonder and sincere thank fulness that in this iron age, when time is more than ever money, out of ths large number of vessels carrying pas sengers across the tracks of these un welcome pests of the deep, so few casualties occur. This year, icebergs have been unus ually numerous and very far east for the time of year. At Quebec, on the 10th of May, as many as three steam ers were behind time, owing to the fact that the unprecedentedly heavy ice had blocked the entrance to tho Gulf of St. Lawrence. Such an occurrence has hitherto been un known in the annals of the port Six sailing-ships bound for Quebec were totally lost, and eight steamers seri ously damaged, by collision with ice bergs. The barque Maranee fouudered with all hands except the captain and two seamen. The survivors, with a few biscuits to sustain life, were eighteen days in an open boat, surrounded by icebergs, and exposed to the inclemency of an almost arctic sky. The screw steamer Sarmatian got in the ice on the 1st of May. and remained fast till the 6th. The ice was solid as far as the eye could see, extending completely across the entrance of the Gulf of St. Lawrence. The screw steamer City of Berlin, at thirty-five minutes past three on the 19th of June, ran stem on to an immense berg, doing damage estimated at five thousand pounds. Many tons of ice fell on her deck, crashing through into the hold. A dense foe S revalued at the time. On the 28th ox uas the screw steamer Brooklyn col lided with a large iceberg in a thick fog, when much ice fell on deck, though happily no one.. was injured. Some hours after, the log being still dense, it was discovered that the ship had passed between two large bergs The whole of these steamers escaped foundering, owing to their being divided iuto water-tight compartments. Cham bers1 ' Journal. MARK TWAIN. A 'ew Story About tbe Well-Kaowa Ha morUt. Rev. J. Hyatt Smith knows mors stories about more people than tea average citizens. Among them he re lates this: When I was living with mv brother in Buffalo Mark Twain occu pied a cottage across the street. We didn't see very much of him, but one morning, as we were enjoying our cigars on the veranda after breakfast, we saw Mark come to his door in his dressing-gown and slippers and look over to us. He stood at his door and smoked for a minute as if making up his mind about something, and at last opened his gate and "came lounging across the street. There was an unoc cupied rocking chair on the veranda, and when my brother offered it to him he dropped into it with a sigh of relief. lie smoked for a few moments and said: "Nice morning." Yes, very pleasant' "Shouldn t wonder if we had rain b and by." "Well, we could stand a little." "This is a nice house you have heref "Yes, we rather likeit" "How is your family?" "Quite well and yours?" O, we're all comfortable." There was another impressive si lence, and finally Mark Twain crossed his legs, blew a puff of smoke into tbe air, and in his lazy drawl remarked: "I suppose you're a little surprised to see me over here so early. Fact is, I haven't been so neighborly, perhaps, as I ought to be. We must mend that state of things. But this morning I came over because I thought you might be interested in knowing thai vour roof is on fire. It struck me that' it would be a good idea if " But at the mention of fire the whole family dusted up stairs, trailing lang uage all the way up. When we had put the fire out and had returned to the veranda Mark wasn't there. A'srwai City Times. The Kind He Meant Will's kite became entangled ia the branches of the maple in front of ths door the other day, and befsre he could extricate it it was torn from end to end. "Oh, dara the thing!" said he. with a good deal of temper. "What?" exclaimed his mother front th porch. "Come here, sir, instantly. What did you say?" "I said darn the thing,' " replied th 'cute little chap. "But there's tws kinds of darns, you know. One you say, yourself about stockings and that's the kind meant" Detroit Fm Frets. m a When ths ironclad was invented then came the tog of wvcN. O. LONG-LIVED PEOPLE. ares or a Classified Record or Tea Thatuand Ceatcaariaas. ' Joseph . Perkins, a newspaper dealer of this city, is about to publish a book entitled "The Encyclopedia of Human Longevity," which is the result of thirty-eight years of investigation on his part. The book will contain aa authentic record of a large number of people, men and women, who have at- j taiaed the age of one hundred years or snore. The only exception to this is the case of a man who died at the age of ninety-nine years and three hundred and sixty-four days, and whom Mr. Perkins regards as'virtuslly a centena rian. The book will represent an im mense amount of labor and research, and Its author believes that it may be relied on as accurate ia every instance. "I have," said Mr. Perkins, in speak ing of his book, "more than ten thou sand instances of people who bavs lived oae hundred ysarsraad more. These names have bees gathered from every part of the globe. This country leads in longevity and Connecticut is at the front among the United States. In that State I have gathered statistics in regard to more wan six thousand persons who were more than eighty years of age, and of this number twenty were beyond the century limit. As regards sex the majority of these ten thousand centenarians were women. I accountfor thia by the fact that they lead less irregular lives than men. I have instances of fifty old maids who come up to my century standard, and only twelve bachelors. As regards oc cupation I find that sailors, soldiers and farmers are the longest lived. Among the professions I have the in stances of one hundred ministers who lived to one hundred years and more, while I could find only thirty doctors, ten lawyers and ten actors who cams up to the standard. I can find no case among my ten thousand of a newspa per man who has lived to be one hun dred years old. Newspaper mea ds so much brain work that they die young." Coming to special instances, Mr. Perkins added: "Among the oldest people in the United States were Flora Thompson, a n egress of Nashua, N. C, who died at the age of one hundred and fifty years; Betsy Frautham, a na tive of Germany, who died in Tennes- see at the age of one hundred and fifty- four years; and Sins, a slave, who died in Virginia, one hundred and eighty years old. I have the cases of ten per sons who lived in 'safety for one hun dred years and were then burned to death. In Onondaga County I have th sketches of fifty centenarians. Among them is the Key. Daniel Waldo, who died in 1864 at the age of nearly one hundred and two years. For more than sixty years he was a clergyman in the Presbyterian Church, and' on tlw anniversary of his one hundredth birth-1 day he preached a sermon in the First Presbyterian Cfiuroli of Syracuse. The last six pensioners of the Revolutionary War were centenarians and I have their photographs. Then there was John Weeks, of New London, Conn., who married his tenth wife when he was one hundred and six years of age and she only sixteen. He died at the age of one hundred and fourteen. His gray hairs had fallen off and they were renewed by a dark growth of hair. Several new teeth had also made their appearance, and a few hours before his death he ate three pounds of pork, two or three pounds of bread, and drank a pint of wine. Nicholas Schathcowski, of Posen, was another old fellow. He deposed on oath before the Council of Constance. A. D. 1414, that he was on hundred and fifty years of age, and that his father, whose age at the time of his death was nearly two hundred, could remember the death of tbe first King of Poland. A. D. 1025. Among the oddities to be found in my book will be the photograph of. a man who died at the a.e of one hundred and twenty-one years. He had one hun dred and forty-four children, grand children and great-grandchildren, and outlived them all. Then there was Mar garet McDowal, of Edinburgh, who died at the age of one hundred and six. She mar ried and survived thirteen husbands. John Roviii aud his wife, of Hungary, lived together as man and wife for on hundred and forty-eight years. He was one hundred . and sixty-four aud she was one hundred and seventy-two years at the time they died, and their youngest sou was one hundred and sixteen years old when the parents died. "Then there is the case of a maa who married sixteen times and had no children. This case is oilset by that of another ceuteuariau who had forty nine children. John Kiva, an ex change broker of Italy, lived to the age of one hundred and .sixteen years and had a child born to him after he was one hundred years old. Betz, a Sioux squaw, who died a little while ago, lived for more than one hundred years. She had been the wife in turn of an army officer, an Indian chief, a border highwayman, and a Methodist minister. William Ward, of West chester County, died in 1778 at the asre of one hundred aud seven. He was a member of the Wanl family who were among the earlier settlers in Westchester County, and the particu lars of his life and death were iriven in the New York papers of the time. His brother John was a magistrate, and at tended court in White Plains as late as 1773. William Ward, a member of this family, carried on business as a banker in 188:-$ at Xo. .r2 Broadway, New York. Another queer incident is that of a centenarian who was married four times ami had a daughter by each wife. These daughters married, aud each of them had fourteen children. Then there was a man who went over the century line and had twenty-two children. His first was a boy, and ffirls and boys eame after that in regu sr rotation. There was a person known as Elizabeth Page, who lived in London and died at the age of one hundred and eight years. This person had acted as a midife, and was sup posed to be a woman. After death, however, it was discovered that the supposed woman was a man." Syra cuse ( jv. x.j tor. .v. x. ITibune. Mummies' Eyeballs. Tbe most curious things are mum mies' eyes petrified eyes which are usually to be found in the graves if one is careful iu digging. The Incas have a way of preserving the eyes of the dead from decay some process which modern science can not compre hend; and the eyeballs make very Jretty settings for pins. They are yel ow, and hold light like an opal. Lima Cor. N. Y. Sun. m a Lightning does its work before the victim knows anything. Two men were struck while taking refuge under a tree. Both were carried into the house and laid out for dead. One of the men revived, and, after weeks of terrific suffering and infirmity, he got out again, and is still living." He said he knew no more about having been struck by lightning than he was con scious of having lived before the flood. It wss all news to him when he wss told of the fact Chicago Times. Paris restaurants now make a strong card by advertising that "all the dishes are prepared by aa AmerJcaa cook." The French cook sssst Isava home to be "celebrated."--N. T. Trspsic. PITH AND POINT. Persons writing love poem- w'll please make a uotc that "stupid" is Jim auly word in the uglh language which rhymss with "Cupid." Chicago Tribune. A Texan, who has lived for years among the cowboys, says that many of them are graduates of Eattern colleges. Men cling to college customs long af ter graduation. Boston PojL A man was telling his wife how the Greely men suffered from hunger, when she interrupted, saying: "Law sak. s. didn't thev have "any money w th them?" .V. Y. Graphic. A Maine teamster sava: "I inn start the most obstinate hore by tak- : l- ..., t rf i ing h'm out of the ?ha't and lead ng him around in a circle tint 1 he is g d dy." And now we are d shirked" by the question, how is he eo"n to had him round in a circle without start ng him? lioston Post. -Oh! Mr. S.," sa:d a young lady at a fair. -I want your help for a mo ment I have just sold a fdy tor fif teen dollars that cost fifteen cents, and I want you to tell me what percentage that is.' "A trausaet'on of that kind, mv dear Miss $.." sa d Mr. S.. who is a lawyer, 'gots out of percentage and into larceny." A". '. I'ost. No more touching compliment c-.uld he paid than that of the ch Id who had overheard a con versat. on at the table on the qualities of a w tV. As he stooped over to kiss h s mother he remarked: "Mamma, when I get biir. I'm go nr to marry a lady just 'zactly like you." A', Y.'fiule-irh'lenf. "John." said acertaingrocartohis new clerk, "to succeed .n the reta 1 grocery l.ne it is nece-sarv to praetiee a reasonable amount of economy. 'Wilful waste make- woeful want isa truim you. should alwais bear in land." "Yes. sir." "Now. I was sur prised," the undi r-elling grocer went on. "whenyou picked the, flies out of the s -gar b irrel this morniag that you d'dn't brush their leg- off. Don't let that happen aga u, John." Exchange. A lady cntertain'ng the little daughter of a fr'eud for a few davs wa one evening ed fi'-d by the following bit of rea-oning on the little maid's part. The full moon was clear and br'ght. whereupo'i the child exela'med: "Mrs. S . look. God has lighted his lantern!" "But who told you that w God's lantern?" was the surprl. d n- uu.ry.- "Ao!odv. 1 knew it mvself. I Doesn't God jrve vou a lisht for our house? And do you think he irave it all' to you aud .sat iu the dark himself.'" lioston Traveller. When ou take a "gal" to a hop, and have no money for an ice-cream, just wait', off aud let her galop for t Fot-o. But wouldn't the propretor make a racquet? Jtichmoml Union. Well wouldn't he? and probably polka boot or two at the gentleman a he glided out Wilminqtn Sew South. If ou fellows atte npt to real o v much inor. o such tu I at a quick-step inareh you w 11 clog your intellects be fore the jig is ut.l!urlington Itaw!; cya. THE LATEST WRINKLE. An Old Faahlou t' ItimtiirU by the ie l'pier Tell. I.ilrr of A prominent .-tat'oner is author ty for the statement that a 1 voiv trade in the manufacture of seal? has rcjeutly been deve'o;ed at the Ea?t. and is gra dual!., working Its way westward Ho ha- jitt returned from a business tr p to Philadelphia, and there collected some facts bearing on the latest cra.e. In convers ng on seals and wax he said: "A complete outfit, such as has been made aud otlered for sale two or three months past, consists of a s lver tray, oydred or p lhshed. of unique design, hammered or plain, with a match-bo: to lit. a little bundle of adamantine tapers two and :i half inches in length, half a dozen st cks of wax iu as many hue; and odors, and a pretty bo to hold them and the little silver spirit lamp wh ch liquifies the sealing mate rial. The seal is not included, except in certain complicated brou-.e or silver pattern. Mieh as lizard or all gator de s gn-. It the material is so! d silver the outit im worth all the way from $M to $.,u. A very fash'onable and equally ugly plated sort can be purchased for i... ! atelv. to meet the demand wh ch ha spread to the less fashionable por t ons of societv, a cheap outfit costing but m'vc ty-!ive cents, has been ma le. co.isistng of a neat pasteboard box coulaiuing the same articles. The seal m st in use is a German text n.t al placed upon aphvu field ami, in lo ed in plain eoucntrc circles or su: rounded by a criss-cross tint ng. Some ladi s exceedingly democrat c in the:r uot ons, use an fn lish initial. ther- have two or three letter mono gram, ('rests are very fash ouable. Mottoes surmounted by the armor al crest of the family are corre.-t in ta-te aud more eteus.vely ordered now than six months ao. Alter the circle the .sii elds is the oull ne most frequently called for. The dealers are often asked to select des gns for purchasers. A lady who boa-ts of a great pitligree reee itly asked a clerk to assist Tier, i'iek'ugup 'l'urke's Heraldry' he turn ed to the given came and showed his custom, r a coat-of-arms wh.ch he thought titled her aucestry. Looking at it an instant, she said: " -I 1 ke that real well. I believe I'll order one. Hut can't you put an alli gator or easel or something that's now all the rage nto' that vacant space in the corner of the shield? It would help to till up. you know!' There are about twenty different perfumes and colors in wax. and as many as a dozen shades in red, from the deepest Indian red to a bright carlet." " s there any significance in the col or employed to seal the letter?" "There is. Flirtations in selling wax are "the latest racket The ordinary red wax signifies business, and is sup posed to be used only for business let ters. I 'lack is, of course, used for mourning and condolence. Blue means love, and as we make four or five tints of this color each stage of the tender passion can be accurately portrayed. When pink is usisd congratulation is intended. An invitation to a wedding or o-her festivtyi? sealed with white wax. Varigatcd colors are .-upposed to show conflicting emot'ons. Do you Mip;oc that thimbles are being utilized to bear seals? Fact. The designs of mat sort are miurjust now, out are levelop.ng. We'll work the idea up, aud think t will become fashionable. "The odors used in the wax are rav ishing in tlieir delicacy that is the ex pensive sort The cheaper grades are as bad as the pomatum in a live-cent barber-shop. The perfumery is the element of cost in the wax." A Paris firm makes the finest imported article. The perfume of the burning wax tills an ordinary-sized apartment aud 1 n gers about the envelope for hours. " 'Wtsbtsrah Disttolclt. Eve smd Paradise. Whether Eve wss crested in Para dise or not is a question tbst has been productive of much doubt and con troversy among the theologians. With regsrd to Adsm it is agreed on all rides that he wss crested outside; and it is asked by one of the commen tor, why should woman, tbe ignobler creature nf the two, be crested with in ? Others, on tbe contrary, consider tbe distinction sa but, fair tribnte te the superior besot y snd purity of womsn. Josephus is one of those who think Eve wss formed outside. Exchange. THE QUEEN'S BEEFEATERS. Organization and Dr-ritioii of the British Koyul Hodjr-CuitrtL "The Koyul Body-guard of the Yeo men of the Guard was on duty lulhe interior of the palace, under the com mand of the Exou-in-waitiug." The sentence is familiar to nio.t ersons from its recurrence in the official ac counts of court ceremonies, and there is ; a particular reason why it should just i bow challenge more than common atten tion; for this year will complete the fourth century of uninterrupted service of her Majesty's Yoemen of the Guard, ' better known under the titleof the tteef- . mi ; i .t. ' o.ihk Thnrw ia i-ieifu thfiisf. tliA latter name .which has eugrait-d it strongly upon the pojnilar ima iuation. but the' true signilie iuee of which is fr from being as widely understood. In addition to its picturesque aud romantic side, the corps is al-o famous as having been the nucleus and forercnneV of a "standing army" in England, embodied as it was some 200 years before any other regiment now in existence. The Beefeaters were instituted by Henry VII. in 148.0. Upon that mon arch's accession the need of a royal body guard was sufficiently apparent. The times were troublous and the claims of the first of the Tudors not too well grounded. By tbe masses of the people, however, the new guard was considered as a startling innovation, and excited both jealousy .nd resentment. In order to allay the I'"?-. Bscon records a stroke of a - n.i she part of the young King .. is best told in th.; historian's ou n w. .!-: "As if the crown Upon his head ii:d put perils iuto his thoughts, the Kim: did institute for the better .security of his person a band of fifty archers, under a captain, to attend him, by the name of the Yoenien of his Guard. Aud yet that it might be thought to be rather a matter of dignity, after thelmitatiou of that he had known abroad than any matter of diffidence appropriate to his own ease, he made it to le understood for an ordi nance not temporary, but to hold in succession forever after." The mate rials for such a body were ready to the King's hand: and from his household Henry selected a body-guard of fifty picked men. "choice archers, strong anil hardy fellows, six feet in height," wliom, as Speed chronicles, "he assigned to the service of himself and his successors. Kings aud Queens of England." The number as well as the armament of this body have varied iu successive reigns, its present official complement being 100 men, generally selected by the Commander-in-Chief from deserving non commissioned officers .of the regular army. The officers consist of a captain, lieutenant, eusign and four "txons" or 'exempts," a ti le thought to be trace able to the French "capitaiues exempts des gardes du corps." Tlieir arms Juive at various times included long-bow and battle-axe, sword and lance, partisan ,and arquebus: the ornamental halberd of to-day living rather a waud of office than a weapou with much offense in it. But it is on the picturesque dress that the popular eye is fixed. At the coronation of Henry VII. the yeomen appeared in white gaberdines, embroid ered with the nival device." a d in caps surrounded In the roses of Yoik and Lancaster. In the reign of Henry VIII. the well-known costume was adopted which has never since been sub stantially varied. The King was him self fond of appearing in it, nor would it have been easy for him to don a dress more becoming to his handsome propor tions. It consists of a scarlet coat, or tuuic, of peculiar make, reaching to the knees, aud "guarded" with garter-blue velvet and badges of tho rose and crown both on the breast and the back; the breeches are scarlet, also "guarded" with velvet; the low-crowned, broad brimmed bat being composed of the same material, with ribbons of the King's color red, white and blue. St. JameS Gazette. m A GREAT ORGAN. Th Second Largest luatruineut In the World. The largest organ in the world, with the exception of tbe one in Riga, Russia, is in the Cathedral of the Incarnations at Garden City. L. I., the church built by Mrs. A. T. Stewart, as a memorial to her husband. The instrument is dis tributed in four distinct and widely sep arated localities of the cathedral, al thougn the whole is under the control of one performer, through the agency of an electric action. In an octagonal chamber, built for the purpose iu the angle formed by the transept and chan ceFwalls is the largest portion of the instrument. The organ is here divided into floors, or stories, and in the base ment are the engine, countershaft,' etc. Above this on a door of brick and iron, are the bellows and the wind chest, on which rest the thirty-two-foot pipes. Tbe great organ windchest, with that of the reeds and luxtures of the pedal or gan are on the next level and then fol lows the swell organ, and, above all. the choir. Each of the three manual wind chests is furnished with its own auxili ary reservoir or "regulator," where the wind is reduced to the pressure needed for that department. In the tower at the western end of the cathedral is the next important di vision of the organ. In this room, which is fifteen feet square, and is high enough to admit of one windchest being sup ported above another, arc placed parts of the great swell, and pedal organs and the whole of the solo organ, the sec ond of these being above the first, the third at one side, aud the fourth at the back. In the chapel beneath the ca thedral is the third section, which is provided with claviers of its owu, so that it may be made independently available for chapel purposes. This comprises a part of the choir organ, di vided here between two manuals and two of the pedal stops. Its tone rises into the church through the different .staircases and the distance lends en chantment to the sound. The last part .consists of the echo organ and one pedal 'stop, which is placed Between the ceil ing and the roof, above the intersection of the nave and transept The myste rious source of the tones produces a'u in teresting effect. Steam power is used in inflating the bellows. One engine is placed beneath the chancel division to supply it with compressed air, and another beneath the tower to operate the bellows of the chapel division, the tower division, snd the magneto machine, which generates tbe electricity. AH .the wires used in making the electric connections of tbe instrument stretched out in a continu ous circuit would extend over a distance ef twenty-one miles. X, Y. Tjmts. It is hard fsr a man who follows a business that is so brisk that he cannot catch up to it. Chicago Journal. te Xkmcc Habit. "Repecca," said Moee Shaumberg, an Austin merchant prince, to bis wife, who was noted (or her pergonal ugliuees, "I vsnts you to gif me your photograph.' "Und vat in der vorld do you vant mit mine photograph ?" inquired bis wife. "I vants ter paste it mine cigsr esse on, so I presks myself tiv dot expen sive hsbit ob smoking." Texas Sit RELIGIOUS AND EDUCATIONAL There are 18,601 female students in the American Colleges. Chicago Herald Tho Southern Methodist Church proposes to raise $265,000 for missions in 1885 and 18S6. -, The City Mission of Berlin circu lates no less than 75,000 printed ser mons oa Sunday morning. The school census of Stockton, Cal., shows a total of 2.944. of which eleven were native-born Chinese, eighty one negro, and 2,852 white. The churches in Toronto have once a year an International Exchange Day, when Baptists, Methodists and Presby terians exchange pulpits. By the common consent of most cap able instructors of youth, corporal pun ishment has long been reckoned one of the luxuries' and not at all a necessity, of school teaohing. Boston Advertiser. The Free Church of Scotland have reiterated their former decision, allow ing churches desiring to do so, to praise God with the timbrel sad harp, with stringed instruments and organs par ticularly organs. A memorial window to the late Bishop Simpson, of the Methodist Church, has been placed in the new Asbury Church in Philadelphia .It is a portrait of the Bishop, and is the gift of George W. Childs. Philadelphia Press. The study of the Ensrlish lan?uae-e is prevailing all over Japan. In Toya nio Prefecture every man of any means, and even the local officials and po lice authorities are studying the lan guage. The general belief there is that those who do not know the English tongue are in the rear of civilization. A house to be used as a hall of res idence for women intending to enter the profession of teaching will be opened in Cambridge, England, next term. The design of the promoters is to give wo men a more technical education for the profession of teaching than can be ob tained at existing Institutions. There sovms to be a great rivalry among Southern cities in regard to the erection of expensive buildings for Young Men's Christian Associations. Atlanta leads off with a hall costing $100,000, Nashville and Chattanooga are trying to raise $50,000 apiece for this purpose, and Selma, Ala. is barely content with $25,000. Chicago Times. The native Mexican church at Fres nillo became so impressed with the dis interestedness of the friends of missions in helping to provide them a chapel, that I uey turned out en matse to work up the structure with their own hands. Hav ing little or no money during this fam ine year, they contributed their labor, giving in some instances almost their whole time. They brought all the stone from a longdistance, and cut the planks and board out of the logs by hand. The chapel was dedicated free from debt, and amid great enthusiasm. WIT AND WISDOM. There's no Hour in the idler's loaf. WaUtli.o Obsiver. Great talkers are like leaky pitch ers, everything runs out of them. He is young enough who has health, ami he is rich enough who has no debts. Swearing is defined as the unneces sary use of unrevised language. Bos ton Globe. Malaria is certainly a very incon sistent disease, ft generally makes ac quaintances for the purpose of giving them the cold shake. Norrhtown Her ald. "Talk about the wise man who builded upon a rock," remarked Fogg, "I think the man who didn't build upon a rock the wiser of tbe two." "How do you make that out?" asked tbe lan guid young man who sat at the foot of the table. "Because," said Fo--, "no ledge is power, you know." Boston Transcript. The luckiest man we ever knew in his experience with the lottery tickets, was the man who never bought one in his life. Of course, we wouldn't recom mend everybody to follow his example, for without .the protection afforded by the people's money, the lottery enter prise would soon perish. N. Y. Mail. Variety is a good thing. Every man and woman sees something good-looking or attractive about themselves, though they may be as homely as a mud fence. Suppose we could all "see our sel's as ithers see us," what an unhappy lot of mortals we would be? Exchunye. Mrs. Captaiu Suively laughed al most all the way home from a military review at which her husband was in command. Being asked why she laughed so, she replied: "Whyit was so funny to see a man who never dares open his mouth at home, ordering all the men about, and they all doing just what he told them to do.'- Phila delphia Prea. A few questions. Upon what did the "w&Kon-sprlng"? From whence did tbe "pepper mint deop"'r How long did the 'Tammany lting"? Aud where did tbe organ-stop"? Ob! where did the "postage-stamp"? And what did the "cotton-hook"? Ob ! where did the "sugar- camp"? And what did the "pastry-cook"? For whom did the "Daper-weight"? And why did the "tbunder-clnp"? Oh! where did the "roll-akatc" "Aud where did tho "yingernap"? Wife "My dear, do you know that baby has four or five different kind of cries, and that I can understand her always when she wants a drink, when she is hungry, when she is in pain, when she she wants to go out?" Hus band "So? That is very nice. And can you talk back to her? Of course, you can talk back to anybody; but can she understand yos? Wife "Oh, ?res." Husband "Then you will po itely signify to the young "lady that if she ceases to request her father to take her en promenade at four a. m. it will be something to her advantage in future years." Troy Press. A Momentous Cigar. It had become the fashion in the sit tings of the Diet for only the imperial Ambassador to smoke; one day Baron von Bismarck drew out his cigar caso and asked his Austrian colleague for a light, which, sf course, could not be re fused. Henceforth Prussia as well as Austria smoked, hut one by one the smaller States of Germany felt the dis tinction thus made between them and the great powers to be invidious, snd lighted their cigars. One elderly gen tleman, who had hitherto been guiltless of tobacco, is said to have suffered se verely from the energy with which he puffed away at an enormous cigar ia order to assert trie independent sov ereignty of his tiovernment, tie was one of those mute, inglorious patriots who.v; self-sacrilice even posterity fails to recognize. Temple Bar. Haw Mate Keflfermed Hlaa. "Does your husband go to tbe lodge, Mrs. Gibberick?" "Well be juet don't. I broke np th it little gauie quite a while ago." "Whv, bow in the world diJ yon do it!" "Whenever be started for tbelodgs I went with him as far as tbe skating rink, and told him to call for me on bis wsy home. It only took a few doses to core him." Chicago ledger. Happiness results from that.truc contentment which iudieates perfect health of body and miud. You may posse? it, if you will purify and invigorate your blood with Ayer's Sarsa parilla. E. M. Howard, Newport, X. II., writes : " I suffered for years with Scrof ulous humors. After using two bottles of , Ayer's Sarsaparilla, I Found great relief. It has entirely restored me to health." James French, Atchison, Kans., writes: "To all persons suffering from Liter Complaint, I would strongly recom mend Ayer's Sarsaparilla. I was afflicted with a disease of the liver for nearly two years, when a friend advised me to take this medicine. It gave prompt relief, and has cured me." Mrs. H. 31. Kidder, -41 Dwigut st., Boston, 3Iass., writes : " For several years I have used Ayer's Sarsa parilla in my family. I never feel safe, even At Home without it. As a liver medicine and general purifier of the blood, it has no equal." Mrs. A. B. Allen, Wlnterpock, Va., writes: "My youngest child, two years of age, was taken with Bowel Com plaint, which we could not cure. We tried many remedies, but he continued to grow worse, and finally became so reduced in flesh that we could only move him upon a pillow. It was suggested by one of tbe doctors that Scrofula might be the cause of the trouble. We procured a bottle of AYER'S Sarsaparilla and commenced giving it to him. Ir surely worked wonders, for, in a short time, be was completely cured." Sold by all Druggists. Trice $1; Six bottles, $C. Prepared by Ir. J. C. Aver & Co.. Lowell, 3Ia., U. S. A. THE FALL TERM OF THK FREMONT NORMAL -AND BUSINESS COLLEGE, At Fremont, Nelrnska, Will l.ein SEPT. 1st, 1885. UXUSrAL ADVASTAUES WILL UK AFKOKIEI iEUMft Wl.sX; To TEACH. THE BUSINESS DEPARTMENT alloriU every opportunity for improve ment, Penmanship, llu-ines Arithmetic, Hook-keeping, Commercial Correspond ence, and imitation of actual lusiueis Music. We can speak with the utmost confi dence of the instruction given in our Jlui-ie Department. .Miss Iioe Conrad, instructor of tbe l'iano Forte, a graduate of the Cornell Conservatory of Music, is not only a brilliant performer, but a pains-takintr and superior teacher. Tbe instructors iu Vocal Culture, Note-reading unci Sinin arc thorough and suc cessful. Expenses. Tuition for ten weeks, $10 to $12 if paid strictly in advance. This in cludes admission to Normal and Business classes. Music, $12 for twentv lessons. Short-band, $12 for twenty lessons. Type writing, with list? of instrument, $10 tor twelve weeks. (Jood tlay board can be obtained in tbe College Home at $2.2.1 per week. Kooms .) cts. to ,. cts. per stuu ent. W. 1. JOr-iK, A. M. President of Normal College, Fremont, Neb. i. mi tie run Denver to Chicago, Denver to Kansas City, Denver to Omaha, Omaha to Chicago, Kansas City to Chicago, Omaha to St. Louis, BEST LINE FROM WEST TO EAST! SURE CONNECTIONS LOW RATES BAGGAGE CHECKED THROUGH. Through tickets over the Burling ton Route are for sale by the Union Pacific, Denver A Rio Grande and all other principal railways, and by all agents of the "Burlington Route." For further Information, apply to any agent, or to P. S. EUSTIS.Gen'lTk'tAfr't. OMAILV.KEB- EWSPAPfR A book of 100 pacta. , Tbe be9t book for aa KCaat. be be expert ZS9ence(l or otherwise. It contains lists of newspapers and estimates ofthc cost of advertising, f he artvertiserwho wants to anend one dollar, finds in it the In- lo nil formation he requires, while forbim who will invest one hundred thousand dollars In ad- verUsing; a scheme Is Indicated which will meet his every requirement, or can be made to do so tm slight changes tatUg arriveitat by cor. rtspondenee. 149 .editions have been issued. Seat, post-paid, to any address for 10 cents. .Write to GEO. P. HOWELL A CO., HEW8PAFEK ADVERTISING BUREAU. aoSPTBceat-Prlating House af.), Sew York. ft 1 rWWBi i T BffiffisM 'HbbbIVssibVbkJbvsIBVbH flSafHKsi BnW nB'saaLTaSnBsnSnSSaWsnlsnMsnMWSnn KflsaBaTBlBBaUnBaBaUtM rsflBOTlBmBafliHIHBaB'n3 GO TO A. & M. TURNER'S BOOK AND MUSIC STORE -FOR THE- BEST E GOODS -AT- The Lowest" Prices! CONSULT THE FOLLOWING ALPHA BETICAL LIST. AI.IIII.TIN, Arithmetic. Arnold' Ink (genuine). Algebras Autograph Al bums Alphabet li ocks Author's Cards Arks Accordeous Abstract Legal Cap. 1IRIJM11KS, l!aketsttahv Tovs.l'ooks Bibles. IJeIN for I oys. I'laiiV Hooks' Itirthday Cards Basket Buggies, boy's Tool-uhests Balls Banker's Cac boy's Wagons. Sleds and Whrelbar. rows. Itutcber Hook. Bras.tulged K'u- lers. Bill -books, Book Balls and Bats. Strap lt.i.-e CM.IDII-M, Cards. Calling Cards. Card Cases Combs. Comb Cases. Cigar Ca se. Checker Boards. Children's Chairs, Cups and Saucers (Taiicv) Circulatiii" Library, Collar and Cutf Boxes, Copy Books, Christmas Cards, Chinese Toys, Crayons, Checkers. Chess-men, Croipiei sets. alOMKNTIt Sewing Machines. Draw ing Paper. Dressing Cases, Drums, Diaries. Drafts in books, Dolls Dressed Dolls, Dominoes, Drawing books. K.'tiVELOPl'M, Elementary school books. Erasers (blackboard), Erasers (rubber). FICra'IO. Books, Floral Album. Fur niture polish. jKAff M AKM, Geographic, (ieome tries.G love boxes, toy Guus.G vroseope (to illustrate the laws of motion). IIAKPKK'N Headers, handsome Holi day gifts. Hand-glasses, Hobby-horses Maud-satchel, Histories. I"VKM. (all good kinds and colors), lnk' MaiuL common and fiiicy). la-'WI-'l, Cases, .Jciv harps. Kl-'CiS of ink, Kitchen sets. lil'UCIEKN, Ledger paper. Legal cap, Lunch baskets, Lookingglasses. tf ANOX .1 Hamlin Organs, .Magnets -Music boxes. Magazines, .Musttcbc cups, .Mouth organs, .Memoraiitluius, 3liisie books. .Music holders, Machine oil. Mats, Moderator's records Muci lage, Microscopes. It"KI-'ul,l-i for sewing machines. Xote paper. OKsi.l.lN, Oil for s.-uing Organ stools. Organ seat.. til:- bines PKKIUICAI. Picture. Puzzle blocks. Present, Picture bonks. Pianos, Pen. Papetries, Pencil. Iurc. Pol ish for furniture, I'am;Ii!ctc:ie. Paper cutters. Paper f.i-teners. Picture puz zle. Picture frames. Pocket books, Pertumeryand Perlumerv cases, Paper racks, Pencil holders. UEWAKII cards, ber doll.. U'ibber balls, Itub- MfJIIOOI, books, Sewing stands, School Satchels. Slates, Stereoscopes and pic tures. Scrap books. Scrap pictures, Sewiugmachine needles. Scholar's com panions, Specie purse, Singing toy canaries. Sleds for boys. Shawl straps. Shell goods. TKI.KM'OI!-:. Toys of all kinds. children's Trunks, Thermometers, Tooth brushes (folding). Tea sets for girls. Tool chests for bovs, Ten-pin sets for boys, Tooth picks, Tin toy. VIOI,lN and strings, Vases. WOOIftHBtinCll-: Organs, Work bas kets, Waste baskets, Whips (with case), Webster's dictionaries, Weather glasses, Work boxes, Whips for boys, Wagons for boys. What-nots, Wooden tooth picks. Eleventh Street, "Journal" Builiing, Cares Guaranteed! DR. WARNS SPECIFIC No. 1. A Certain Cure for Nervous Debility, Semin.il Weakness, Involuntary Emis sions, Spermatorrhea, aud all diseases of the geui to-urinary organs caused by self abuse or over indulgence. Price, I 0per box, six boxes $r.0). DR. WARNS SPECIFIC No. 2. For Epileptic Fits, Mental Anxiety, Loss of ilemory, Softening of tbe Hrain, and all those diseases of tbe brain. l'rio 11.110 per box, six boxes $."i.00. DR. WARNS SPECIFIC No. 3. For Impotence, Sterility in either ser, Loss of Power, premature old age, and all those diseases requiring a thorough in vigorating of the sexual organs. Trice $00 per box, nix boxes $10.00. DR. WARNS SPECIFIC No. 4. For Headache, Nervous Neuralgia, and all acute diseases of the nervous sTtem. Price ."0c per box. six boxes r0. " DR. WARNS SPECIFIC No. 5. For all diseases caused by tbe over-use of tobacco or liquor. This remedy is par ticularly efficacious in averting palsy and delirium tremens. Price $1.00 per 'iox, six boxes ).00. AV'e Guarantee a Cure, or agree to re fund double tbe money paid. Certificate in each box. This guarantee applies to each of our live Specifies. Sent by mail to any address, secure from observation, on receipt of price. Be careful to mention the number of Speciiic wanted. Our Specifics are only recommended for spe cific diseases, lieware of remedies war ranted to cure all tbee diseases with one medicine. To avoid counterfeits aud al ways secure tne genuine, order only from llOWTl' Ac CIU.VV, D BUG GISTS. 10-1 Columbus, Neb. Health is Wealth ! H C. West's Neute jm Rrats TmtAT- UEXT, a guaranteed fpocibc for Jlystens. Dizzi ness, Convulsions, Jtits, xserroa neuralgia. Headacho.Nerroos Prostration cauecu bythouaa of alcohol or tobacco. Wakefulness. Mental De pression. Hofteninff of tho Urain resulting in in sanity and lending to rniscrr. decay and death. Premature Old Aw. Barrenness. Loss of powee in either box. Involuntary Ijdhhc andBpersnat orrhota caused by over-exertion of tho brain, self abuse or over-indulgence Each box contains ons month's trftitmpnt. fl.0labox,orBixboxes for$3X0, sent by mail prepaidoa receipt of price. VE GUAJtAXTKE MIX BOXES To care any case. With each order received byns for six boxes, accompanied with IW wo will seed tho purchaser our written jroarantee to re fund the money if the treatment doeanotetwgt score. Guarantees issued only by JOHN O. WEST & CO., St2 W. MADISON ST., CHICAGO, ILLS., Solo Prop's West's liver Pills. S500 REWARD! WS ! par a sbm rw4 tm u y tw of Vnn Coatkk Pvipfyila. Ska HwaVbtuluiHf t, CaoU! ratios or -' th, mwcauatnrawith Wnt'sVttfUMatlTCrriUi.WBra tk dine Uoaiir strictly complbd wlU. Tfcyftrfutly vrublr,u4 mmtba to jHr, mulWtkio. ticwCcate. JJrf boiM,coa kmtlac Mi-Ob. - yr mU br aU dnrdoU. Bowool maa aaS ba&atloaa. TV j,tlaa nuarKfaraa oil tr MUM a WIST COL, Ml Si ia W. Vad&m St. CbkaaZ SsakkllliliiiiiilkyaaUffvpUaanaiyttfajcwKCsMk WIN more money than at anything else by taking an agency for tbe best sellins; book out. Be ginners succeed grandly. None fail. Terms free. HAixrrr Book Co, Port land, Maine. 4-32-y aajvfc. sitMSk I lflHJPJHE3KRR'ATiiEMnfln IsasSi-BMMrtkMBMBva anBS Dn .11 4 . i I. N , , I i i fgjr gJw--BLgaasBTBaatijiaaj