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About The Columbus journal. (Columbus, Neb.) 1874-1911 | View Entire Issue (Sept. 24, 1884)
Sprlcjf Water. There is a common notion that spring tratcr Is pretty much the same every where, that its constitution varies muoh less than that of water from other sources. It is truo that in general spring water is the best drinking water. But there are verv wide differences in the quality of different springs, and especially in the quantity and quality of the various mineral substances which they contain. The main distinction is into hard and soft waters. The hard waters are those which contain limo and magnesian salts, and consequently will not form a lather with soao until after the soap has decomposed these salts. The "soap test" for hardness consists in employing a solution of soap of a given strength, and ascertaining how much of this must bo added to a given quantity of water to form a lather which will last a given time. Hard water may be softened to a considerable iextent by boiling it in some cases an economical expedient. There are hard ?vaters that require seventeen times a3 much soap to make a lather as soft water requires Tho soap thus wasted in using bard water costs tho community an' enormous sum annually. Soft water is comparatively free from lime, and from the magnesian salts. The effects of its habitual use on health and growth aro still an unsettled ques tion. Of French recruits, says Galton, a larger number from soft than from Ijard water districts were rejected on examination. But this proves nathing, lor tho rejection might nave been due to other physiological causes. And, 'on the other hand, Highlanders are a stalwart race, nnd tho water they havo Is mostly soft water." In the United States, ever since measurements havo teen made, the tallest American-born soldiers have come from Kentucky Toon follow, in the order of average fttatucs, the men of Kansas, Minnesota, $IissQuri, California, Nevada, Indiana arid Virginia. In no other States does the average staturo rnn over five feet eight inches. In Kentucky, it may bo added, tho ailment of stone in the blad jder is frequent, presumably on account .of the prevalence of magnesian salts In .tho drinking water. The terms "hard water" and "soft water" need a little more careful defini tion than they commonly receive. There re many kinds of hard waters. One "kind is that which flows from strata that nritnJn miinli mnnmps?n TMa tomta In Isome cases to produce goitre, a disease jbf-which tho chief causels indeed a very jllffcrent one, namely, , IliOUUiUlLUb ,-- tn?n(Mfiiant n?m osure to sunlight, as amonsr the m- jhabitant? of that rather gloomy tract of ,tuo river Khone, tho vaiais, mst above Lake Geneva. Still tho ailment has ifoeou traced, in Darts of Franco and tEnfeland (in tho latter it is called- Derbyshire neck"), to tho use of hard magnesian waters. This, happily, is ia this country not a danircr to health worth mentioning. In general the hard waterg that come from (tho chalk and limestone formations are tho best; those from clay soil, from sur face soils, and from,loosc sand, or from soft sandstones, are" apt to bo impurer. Water that flows from granite rock Is generally both soft and pure,. But some of the most famous and cflicleut mineral .springs, us those of Carlsbad and &larienb:id, come from tho granite, and are highly charged with constituents of the granite in solution. Springs are seldom abundant enough to form the direct supply of a city; It would be better for us if they were. The impurities of city drinking water are generally contracted in the streams, ponds, and reservoirs through which they must pass before reaching the con sumer. But there aro fortunate excep tions to this rule. The city of Vienna has a new supply from the Kaiscrbruun and the Sixtenquelle, iifty-eight miles from the capital. Besancon, m Eastern France, is thus entirely supplied, and from one of the most beautiful springs that I havo ever seen the Source ' Acier. It pours out of a mountain side 780 feet above sea-level, and sixty-seven feot above tho ancient city of Besancon, which it now supplies for the second time in the course of seventeen hundred years. 'When tho Emperor Marcus Au rclius. in the second centurj', occupied this province, he constructed an aque duct, which still exists. Its tight brick vaulting is still as perfect in man parts of Its six miles1 course as when it led the waters of Arces ("The Arches," so called from the brick arches over which the canal was parity carried)" to tho Roman citizens of Vcsontio. About forty years ago tho people of Besancon built the modern aqueduct over nearly the same course as that of Marcus Aurclius. The spring, or sub terranean river rather, breaks at a single bound from the limestone rock, deep in an ancient wood. Its leap is like that of the' "mighty fountain" in Colerige's "Cubla Khan." But tho torrent is in tercepted by a dam, which turns into the mouth of the aqueduct a supply sufficient for sixty thousand people. Caught up by the engineering works the moment it leaves the rock, and be fore any contamination from air or soil can occur, the water reaches the city as cool and limpid as when it springs from tho mountain-side. The living spring actually flows in the old town. It is almost at an unvarying temperature, and the only fault that is found with It is that during the long-continued rains it is slightly turbid. The surplus water rashes down tho hill-side at Arcier in a beautiful cascade, and pours into the river Eoubs, the Dubis of the Roman wine and water drinkers' time. Titus Munson Coan, in JIarj,crs Weekly. m Raisins Colts. Wo are asked by a correspondent what kind of foods a colt should have, and whether or not plenty of food will make a better horse than scant food. There is no difference whatever in tho principle of feeding young animals. All of them, whether they are children, colts, pigs, calves or lambs, need food of nearly tho same character. They are born into the world with perfect but diminutive systems. If wo expect to fully develope them into a grown creature, wo must feed such foods as will furnish material to increaso the size of tlfo bones, and that will build up the muscular system. Unless we do feed such foods we might just about as well feed nothing; for the young animal, if wholly deprived of them, could make no growth and could not retain health. There is, of courcc, in all foods some thing of the none and muscle forming elements, and when fat forming foods are fed almost exclusively to growing animals, those elements aro the onlv elements that keep life in them at all. But if so fed they arc loosing all the time, and it is a process of gradual de cay. In the case of swine that are often so largely fed from the start in this war? this is as truo as it would be with the colt, but they are kept such a compara tively short time that the ill effects are not as conspicuous as they would be with the colt. If we take a colt and feed it corn exclusively we shall havo nn imperfectly developed horset and one whose" system is full of disease. We a"Tiin repeat, in this connection, that nme-tcnths of the diseases of ani mals can be directly tracea to mis process of starving the system by neg lecting to supply it with the materials that it needs to repair tho waste of bone and muscle, or in case of young animals ,the materials necessary to make growth of bone and muscle. This, too. will answer the question of our correspon dent, whether or not plenty of feed wIU .make a better horse. Allt young and crowing animals are great feeders, it & from what they eat that they must -get every particle of growth of bone ami siusclc, and as they-are deylopIag rapidly, they consume a great deal; and they ought to have all of the. proper kinds of food that they can digest dad assimilate. They do not need fat be yond a limited extent, and they can get all that they do need from what are termed the flesh forming foods. Tho horse never should bo highly fattened, and certainly not when a colt. It is not fat but strength that wo want in the horse, and wo cannot have that unless we develop Its bone and muscles. It is the worst of fallacies to stint a colt in its feed, but that does not mean that he f shall be stuffed. An animal may be hurt by too much feeding as well as a child. Ho should havo just enough and no more, and of the right kind of food. What is enough? Of course no rule can be laid down for that The judgment of the feeder must settle that point with me parucuiar coit mat nu is iccumg. As to the proper food, that must be, as alrcadj stated, largely of the bone and muscle forming character. What aro these? Oats, barley, rye, rail let, meal, peas, oil meal, good hay, wheat bran, roots and grass. It is always well to furnish animals, and especially young animals, with a change of diet, but precisely what wo shall feed in tho above list will depend upon cir cumstances, as which we may have, price, etc. It must never be forgotten that all animals need a reasonable amount of bulk in their food. The di gestivo functions can bo maintained in vigor only in this way. And wo deslro to call attention here again to the necessity of that very cheap necessary in properly developing theyourfg animal pure air. Deprive tho colt or other young1 vrcaturo of a free supply of oxygen, and we have im peded the entire work of the animal economy. Tho blood is not oxidized, and that means that It becomes incap able of performing its functions, and that the case, indigestion and all tho other ills of animal flesh may, and many of them will likely follow. But ifcis not tho very easiest thing In tho world to furnish pure air in tho right way. We may open the stable door nnd get a supply, although that may not do perfect becauso of the inade quate means of exit for the foul air. But even if such means were perfect, a great draft of air through a stable door is not tho thing. Nor is it tho thing to establish a means of ventilation by means of a steady draft. Proper ven tilation Is tho admission of pure air in 6uch a wav as that tho animal shall not Ipure air. The former should come in feel a draft, and a free exit for tno mi- at the bottom of tho stable, arid the lat ter should go out at the top of the stable. It Is not mnch trouble to establish ventilation, and it is worth a jrreat deal of money to any Western "lluraL owner of stock. Children at Table Brillat Savarin, in his book entitled "Physiologic du Gout," says what, ren dered into English, reads thus: "A fine dinner without old cheese is like a pretty woman who lacks one eye." Confessing a weakness for old cheese, I should change the simile thus: A fine dinner without children at table is liko the same woman lacking both eyes. English children, as a rufo, are not al lowed at table with their parents before they are twelve years old. In this country, however, as soon as tho Httlo tot can feed himself, he is generally admitted sometimes to receive careful training from judicious parents, and sometimes to train, injudicious parents after his own sweet will. To my mind a parent loses much that would add to the cheer and beauty of family life, as well as a golden opportunity for train ing and culture, by keeping the children at a separate table. Let tne little fellow come with you, and try and avoid two extremes that of allowing him to monopolize the conversation, or of training him in such a manner that tho table will bo to him only a place where ho may, under the most absolute re straint, satisfy his hunger. Bring everything that you have gathered dur ing tho day of cheer and brightness to your table. If 3-ou have read anything of speeial interest, or made a pleasant visit, or have a sweet surprise for any one, mention it there. If the little one asks a question (and he certainly wilH tako time to answer him (if you can), always teaching him to wait until others have finished speak ing. But let him feel that he has a place there. Do not silence him, for a ohild is often more sensitive than you know, and one who is continually silenced and made to feel that he had no definite, place will rarely feel at ease1 :is ho grows older, or develop into a conversationalist when you may greatly desire it- If you see him with 'flushed checks and flashing eyes, under the in spiration of an audience, trj-ing to tell of something that Interests him, do not crush him uy telling him that "li;tlc children should be seen and not heard." Who was the author of that outrageous remark? Was it Benjamin Franklin? Discuss the current events of the day, and let the child feel that the table is a place where ho may learn something. But above all things, put far from you, for the time being, anything that tends to annoy. Let not the jar of the domes tic machinery should there be any be heard at table. Even should you be compelled to reprove, do it so carefully that, if possible, none but the offender shall hear, leaving all severity of dis cipline or oven moral reflections con cerning his conduct, until you havo him alone. All this table training will require a deal of thonght nnd care; call it trouble, if you will, but the labor ol training children or of one child, even in any direction is no sinecure. Ju dicious direction will do more than con stant repression. They do not care particularly to be "seen," but they do want to be "heard" sometimes. There fore, let them be heard, teaching them, out of a largo patience, good behavior at table; anu the eyes that see them and tho cars that hear them shall be blessed. Mrs. Bradford, in the Congrcgaiion alist. Fashion Fancies. Muslins are revived for evening wear. These are fine and generally piqued in floral designs. Tournures and bustles of all kinds are surely going out of fash ion this spring. A curved steel is placed in the skirt instead, or perhaps a couple of these steels: Silks for spring wear ara shown in floral patterns. There are also some very line checks displayed. Inch stripes of black and cold are also j to be found, these being used for plaited skirts as last year, batms will be much worn. Gray walking suits of one wlor look remarkably well. Great discretion should be exercised in the matter of trimming with any color; slight touches of red or blue, the way of finings, are quite permissible however. We aro threatened with the English walking hat of several years since. Dotted veils are not nearly as popular as those made of plain Brussels net This net is so very line that it can hardly be seen. It comes in brown, black, red, dark blue and green. Long overskirts will bo fashion able on all spring gowns. The majority of theni will be without trimming". Tight-fitting polonaises, made of cloth and trimmed with bands of feathers down the front, will bo much worn. Flowers will trim all the new spring hats, to the exclusion of feathers. Gold? braid princcsse bonnets are much wern jujt now. They have strings of broad maroon ribbon velvet American Queen. - A "cow man" is the owner of a herd, while a "cow boy" is ono wKo is employed to drive and take care of the herd. Chicago Herald. About Orange Trees. Tho Agricultural Department at Washington has a good-sized hot-hoaj devoted entirely to the cultivation of orange and lemon trees. There is not much use for any one to apply for an orange or lemon troe who does not live in the orange-growing belt. This ex perimental nursery is maintained for the benefit of the practical growers of citrus fruits, most of whom live in Cal ifornia and Florida, If every person who wants an orange tree for a hot house ornament was to bo gratified, tho department would have to greatly en large its facilities for growing plants. I The object is to introduce the best va j rieties of oranges that grow in any part of the world into the Florida and Cali fornia orchards. ISunning down the middle of the hot house there is a bed of earth, probably four feet wide, in which tho big orange trees are growing. lhere may bo twenty or more of these trees, and most of them are fifteen or twenty years old. Constant pruning and cutting has pre vented them from growing to the usual size, and the trunk of the largest is not more than two inches and a half in di ameter. These trees represent the best varieties of oranges, and once a year they bear fruit, which attests the excel lence of the family of which each ono belongs. The Scriptural maxim, "Ev ery tree is known by its fruit," is tho law of this experimental garden, and such as do not bear good fruit aro speedily torn up by the roots. In the summer the roof is taken from the hot house, and nature is allowed to have its own way. As soon as frost is threat ened the glass roof is put back in its place, and if any branches have pushed f eir way above the ridgepole they aro cut off, to that no tree ever gets to be mr.re than fourteen feet high. Orange trees in T'lorida grow to a height of forty feet in twenty-five years. One tree' has boon known to produce a crop of 10,0'K) oranges in a single season. Tho price of oranges at the orchards is about one cent apiece, so that this tree brought its owner $100 a year. Not many trees are so prolific, but an or ange grove within easy reach of rail road transportation is a vory lucrative piece of property. Although the orange Is more apt to reproduce from the seed the distinctive qua'itios of the variety to which it be longs than any other fruit, sometimes it docs not; henco the department does not risk the growing of good oranges from tho seed. All tho little trees are grafts from the big trees in tho hot house. Seeds aro put in pots, and when the plant that spriugs therefrom gets largo enough a shoot from the big tree is grafted into it. When it arrives at bear.ng age it produces the fruit of the big tree. These grafted plants grow very slowly in pots, and at three years of age thoy aro nothing but switches. When planted out in suitable soil they grow much more rapidly, but at best the orange tree is of very slow growth. It is this circumstance that wrecks the prospects of so many people who go to Florida expecting to make money from an orange orchard. After they plant their orchard they must wait about twelve years before it comes into good bearing." It is not surprising that those who are past middle life get tired waiting for a return for their investment- Aged people should only plant orange groves for their children. The trees arc hardy and live a long time. It is said that there arc orange trees still producing fruit that are over 500 years old. This may be an exaggeration. A youth, howover, whose parents have planted an orange orchard for him is likely to continue to eat of the fruit through his wholo life, even if it be pro longed through tho four score years allotted to man. There is an impression in the North that Florida produces a variety of oranges which differs from the oranges of other countries. When people ask for Florida orange, and are given oranges that were grown in that State, they aro satisfied, and if the fruit turns out" to be sour or woody in its structure they presume that it has been pulled before it was i ipc, and make no com plaint about it Now, as a ma ter of lact, there arc almost as many varieties of oranges as of apples, and pretty nearlv all the varieties arc grown in Horida. Some are delicious and some are very bad. The Spaniards brought the orange to Florida more than 350 years ago, and probably for :S00 years nothing was done to improve the slock. There is a great tendency in 'all fruits vi:ou grown from tho seed to run back into wildness, and the Florida orange suiTurcd grcattyfrom this deterioration. The birds arried the seeds about, and the wild, sour oranges that grow in the swamps are the legitimate descendants of the good oranges of a couple of cen turies ago. A good many sour and bitter oranges of she old stoc aro still sent to the Xorth, and find purchaser because they come from Florida. When Mr. William Saunders, supcriu tendent of Gardens and (.rounds of the Agricultural department, was on tho west coast of Horida. last winter a year, he was told at Tampa that tho very best orange's grew at Manitoe. When the boat arrived at Manitec a man canio on board with a basket of oranges, and Mr. Saunders bought a dozen. After tasting four or live, and finding them bitter and sour, he threw them all into the water. The huckster had evidently got hold of a very bad variety of the native orange. The best oranges that grow in Horida have been introduced there since tho war. The Agricultural Department gets orange trees from all the orange-grow- ing countries in ine wonu, anu propa gates those that seem to bear good jfruit. The best orange tree in the hot house came from Bahia, Brazil. The fruit is medium-sized, thin-skinned, of golden color, and delicious flavor. Many hundred shoots from this tree have been grafted into plants and sent to California and Florida, and from these whole orchards have been pro duced by budding and grafting. In California particularly this orange has 'Obtained the highest reputation, and it has taken the premium at all the fairs where citrus fruits have been exhibited. Another very gooa orango is the St. Michael's, a variety that is highly Erized in London. It seems to grow ettcrin Florida than in tho tropics. The Florida winter gives tho rest that all fruit trees ought to have. By far the larger number of the orange "trees and plants in the collection of the Ag ricultural Department were obtained in Italy. The orange takers nearly tho whole year to mature. The trees blossom in February, and the pulling of the fruit begins in November and continues through December. The fruit docs not drop readily, and will remain on tho branches during the" whole winter. It ought to be taken off, however, when it is fully ripe. The trees in the hot house of the Agricultural I'cpartraont observe about the same order that the do in Florida. They were in blossom in Februarr and the oranges are now as large as the marbles which bovs call "commoncys." Oranges that grow in hot-houses are as ou or even better man tnose that grow in tne open orchard, provided the temperature is properly managed. They must not have too much moisture when ripening. The same may be said of grapes and pineapples.--Washington National lle publican. Artesian wells in New York City, show that the F'ast River underflows the island. In the deep wells lately sunk the water ebbs and flows with tho tide. A7. Y. Sun. Mildew may bo removed by dip ping the stained parts into buttermilk, and putting them in the sun. CI0V4- land Leader SCIENCE AM) IXDUSTR1. Two Western inventors have re cently obtained patents for the use of sawdust instead of sand in plastering compositions. An Ontario village is lighted with g:is made from sawdust, said to be e.pual to coal gas and free from sulphur. Montreal Witness. A man at Enterprise. Miss., has taken out a i atent for an invention for uiiciiiug a norsc to a uuggy wiiuoatany harness except tho collar. Class is becomiur fasn:onable as a protection to oil paintings, and as a safeguard against moths and damp the backs of valuable pictures are covered with rubber cloth. Boston Globe. Dr. Wilson, in the Mel ail News, claims to have obtained much better re sults from the use o. tho internal mem brane of hens' eggs for healing largo surfaces in wounds than from either hu man or rabbit skin. Two cases have been leported to an English medical society in which the lectro-magnet lias been suc.-essfu ly used for removing picjes of iron irom the eye. Without the magnet it is thought that the sight of the in ured eye must have been lost in each case. An exchange says that "by means of an ingeniousinstrumcnt invented by Dr. Lombard, of .New York, it is ascer tained that a woman's bo.ly is warmer than that of a man by three-fourths of a deg ee. and .-omctimes a-, high as one half o' a degree, while in no instance has the warmth of a male's body been found to bo greater than that of a fe male." - The time required for the forma tion of mineral veins appears to be much less than has been generally sup posed. A ditch which was tilled up two years ago with common clay containing iron, has ust been opcupd again ly Dr. Fleitman, who has found, to h s great surprise, that the clay has become white and is permeated by nicks filled with compa -t iron p'ritos, these veins being from a twenty-fifth to a sixth of an inch in thickness. N. Y. Maif-. A model of a no el canal-boat has been placed on exhibition by a Cleve land inv ntor. The boat Is to be pro pelled by a screw, so g-ared that it can be n-ade to turn by horses or mules traveling in a circle in their stable in the boat. The inventor claims that abundant power can le had in this manner, and that a large saving can bo e"ecled, particularly iu river towing bills and by the reduction of help; that it would be cheaper than the present method of towing even though no bet ter time were made, but he is confident that four or iia miles an hour can bo accompl shed. Cleveland Leader. Hitherto it has puz'.lcd eminent surgeons to account for sudden death caused 13' apparently inadequatu wounds in the heart, such as those made by tho prick, w:thout penetration even, of a needle. Ilerr S'chmey, a student of the Physiological Institute, Berlin, has, however, discovered that when a needle pricks a certain small spot on the lower I. order of ihe upper third of tho septum ccrdis, quite in stantaneously the movements of tho heart arc arrested and forever set mo tionless in death. If any one doubts that tho Ameri cans aro an inventive pcoplo, let him examine the Patent Jflice reports, which few, however, will do. as they would rather accept tlm newspaper statcn ents as eritablc than wade through a library of shelved and dusty volumes. The patents granted by tho Government reach to the enormous number of nearly .'tt:),0')0. There have keen no les than 0,;.s0 patents ob tained on the plow alone, about as many on the harvester, and over 8,t.00 on stoves and furnaces. It sounds singu lar, in this connection, to hear that Mot) separate and distinct wa;.s have baen discovered of making a corset. Wash ington Star. PITH AND I'OLNT. Do not wait till the iron is hot, but make it hot by striking. Kdicanls. Disparage and deprecate no ono; an insect has feeling and au atom a shadow. Fuller. - "Yes," sighed a broken-down man who had given his signature to oblige a friend, "the most foolish thing 1 ever did in my life was to learn to write my own name. N. Y. Commercial Adver tiser. A correspondent writes t a coun try paper that by using phosphate he has had the best corn ho ever raised. We have never tried phosphate, but we have found a pair ot tight boots to bo a very cliective corn raiser. BuJ'alo Express. Dumlcy came into the dining-room and, casting a sweeping glance over the table, jammed down into hN chair, and muttered under his breath, "Livor again, of course. Wo' e had liver ev ery morning for two weeks." "What's the matter, Mr. Dumley?" asked the landlady; aren't you feeling well this morning?" "No, madam," tie replied, shortly; "I am suffering with liver com plaint, -l'hi'aiclphia Call. Old Mr. L., one of the best of men, is an invalid, but always maintains, despite his sufferings, a cheerful exter ior. "How do you feel to-d:ty, sir?' queried a friend, recently. " "I'm feel ing very poorlv, thank'God," ho an swered, cheerfully. "Why is that?" asked the friend in astonishment. "You aro suffering, nnd yet you thank God." Anybody 'can thank t!od when he is feeling well," was tho reply. Boston (Hobe. What is my opinion of prudenco? It is the head on a nail which prevents it being driven too far in What is my opinion of affectation? It is a cheap chromo "touched up" to look like an od painting. hat is my opinion of braggadocio? It is a linon collar with the starch washed out of iL What is my opinion of intemper ance3 It Is a fire we kindlo in our selves without a dollar's worth of in surance ou the premises. Merchant Traveler. An elder in one ot tho churches was last week making up a club of subscribers for a Sunday-school paper. In his rounds he called at a house where he found a little girl of seven at home. He explained his errand to her, hoping to get her name to the list, and she replied: "Well, I'll ask mother, and I'm quite sure she'll give me tho money, for she says we must patron ize the peddlers who come along, or they will bo driven to steal and rob." He hasn't gone back to see if she suc ceeded. Detroit Free Press. "Bridget," said Mrs. Wigglcsvvorth to the new kitchen ladv from Messina, "you may lay the table." -Is thy servant a" hen, that he should do this thing?" queried Mr. Wigglesworth, facetiously, as the door closed. "Why not?" returned his wife, for once com ing to time, "She is a Biddy." And Mr. Wigglesworth said "H'm!" and went out to see if his sweet peas were coming up, and found that with tho assistance of tho neighbor's hens they were Itockland Courier-Gazette. At a recent auction sale in Wash ington of the effftcts of a colored woman, who was for years the house keeper for Thaddeus Stevens, a snuff box, presented to the great commoner by the Territory of Colorado, was pur chased by Mr." Thomas Donaldson for $31. The box cears the following in scription: "To Hon. Thaddeus Ste vens, from Colorado Territory, through H. P. Bennet, delegate. When Old Thad takes snuff, Colorado will sneeze. Pike's Pekgold." irosAt'n7to Star. Rochester, N. Y., has aton fvoa feet eleven inohea in height. mmMmwmv AGAIN TO JFhe season for in tne extremelv larire jcnine and tne unbounded praise and satisfaction expressed by each purchaser, being over, we are again ready, and offer to the farmers of Platte and adioininsr fioimtins p-nnfls whinti sw nnw in comn and which we propose Mowers, Hay Rakes, Hay Sweeps, Farm Wagons, SHELF AND HEAVY HARDWARE, At the Lowest We sell the Threshing Machines PEEKING-, WAEREOE, CLIPPER, CLIMAX, Tiger, HoHingswort.li, Hoosior, C'Hmax. Surprise, Taylor, Champion, and Daisy, ks-THE WELL KjSTOWjST-" ABBOTT, STUDEBAKER AND RACINE Buggies and Spring Wagons. THE CELEBRATED STUDEBAKER ! AND THE Light - Running Orchard City Wagons. HALLADAY, ECLIPSE, "I.X. L.," U. S. STAR and ADAMS EVERYTHING WE SELL We cordially invite everybody to call on us. in our line, and will give you BOTTOM PRICES. Thirteenth Street, self-binders and reapers, which has proved successful to us beyond anticipation number nfmafihines wfi sold, as wii a -in tiio ofrf svrv.o4sn r u to sell at EXTREMELY -WE ARE PREPARED THE I.A.E.&EST STOCIv OF Otitlery So'. IN" COLUMBUS, Living Prices. Come and Convince Yourselves celebrated AULTMAN Horse . WOODS, m r i P near B. & M. Depot, XaWSKSR THE LOW PRICES. TO GIVE BARGAINS Spring Wagons aBuggies, " Sulky a Walking Plows, Wind Mills, Pumps and Pipe. & TAYLOR, and 0. AUI.TMAN & CO.'S ? Powers and Engines. IS FULLY WARRANTED! We are always ready and COLUMBUS, NEBRASKA. CO. FROM! ' IN - glad to show anything ! r V