J
. !
THE JOURNAL.
WEDNESDAY, APRIL iO, 1SS2.
Ztitr: it tie ?:'.::, C:lsaiis. Sii.. a: :s::ai
euu :
What To Do Winter Ercnings.
The truth of the old saying that "all
f7ork and no play makes Jack a dull
boy" has never been disputed, and it is
arell, when practicable, that the work
and play should be so regulated and ad
justed that at no time should there be
too much or too little of either. Hence
it is that we have always approved the
observance of all legal holidays and the
making of as many more, that the laws
do not recognize, as possible. But the
Tanner's work must be done in its prop
er time, if it would be well done. "If
pou don't drive your work, your work
will drive you," and there are times
vhen the loss of the labor of one day on
farm can not be made up in a week.
Not only must hay be made while the
iun shines, but all other departments of
farm labor must receive attention when
it is demanded, or los3 will result. With
few exceptions, from early spring until
the snows and frosts of winter make
their appearance, there is no time for
real leisure or relaxation for the farmer.
He must work from daylight till dark,
and is too weary to enjoy what of even
ing; there m.
But in winter rt is different. He has
his labors and duties then, to be sure,
bat they are not so many or so arduous
as in the summer; and 'when the long
evenings come the question, "Whatshau
we do to-night?" is asked in many &
home circle.
Man is a social animal, and he who
does not associate with his neighbors
omits a duty he owes both to them and
to himself. Without society no one is
morally full grown. We gain from
others by our intercourse with them, and
they gain from us in return.
The religious societies found in almost
every neighborhood furnish to a certain
extent opportunities for the exchange of
social courtesies. Besides the stated
services on Sunday, there are the usual
weekly meetings, where the neighbors
gather with kindly feelings; and al
though we would not class such meet
ings with social gatherings, there can be
no doubt that the coining of men in
kindly contact with each other is of real
benefit to all.
But besides these there should be in
very rural district other gatherings of
the people. There should be a Farmers'
Club regularly organized aud holding
stated meetings for discussion of ques
tions previously agreed upon, as well as
of such as may arise at the time. These
meetings should be as free from stiffness
and formality as possible. We know
how difficult it is for many who are un
accustomed to it to put their thoughts
into words. Others can not speak wbon
standing for the purpose. The sound
of their voices seems to drive away the
power of thought. Others, good con
versationalists, make entire failures
when attempting anything like a speech
or an address. But there are few who
can not say something, if permitted to
do it in their own way, that will be of
interest to others. There should be
other neighborhood meetings of an
entirely social character, where young
and old can meet together, and all be
young again so far as concerns the
throwing off the cares that growing
years must bring. There are games
and sports in which, for the hour, all
may join, with not only freedom from
harm, but with decided benefit to all.
As we write, we wonder if in all our
broad land there is a place where any
thing like the New England spelling
schools of forty years tgo has an exist
ence. We see now in memory the old
school house, with its long benches
around the sides, hacked and cut by the
ever-busy knife cf the traditional Yan
kee boy; with its dim light, from tallow
dips set in potato holders ; with its an
tagonistic rows of boys and girls well
Tersed in the contents of Webster'
eaellinr book, showing a spirit of deter
mination worthy of the cause, and with
interested parents proud of the ortho-
Siphical attainments of their children,
ose spelling schools are worthy of
resuscitation, and some of the winter
evenings can be spent in no better way.
Bet4 neighborhood gatherings are only
eecasionat, and there is a winter eve
ning at the close of every winter day.
Blessed is that home where the family
is sufficiently largOjto make a social cir
ele in itself. What opportunities are
afforded for mental culture. Reading
is always in order, and no member of
any family should be excused from tak
ing his or her turn in reading aloud,
aot only for the pleasure or instruction
of others, but for his own benefit.
There are but few good readers in the
community not one where there might
be and onght to be a hundred. Music,
loo, ought to be cultivated in every
home circle. All can not sing well, but
there are very few who have not the
gift to an extent sufficient at least
to take a part with others of the fam
ily. We believe there is nothing more
powerful in preserving unison and ce
menting affections than music, both vo
cal and instrumental.
There are many games that should
be encouraged. .One of the first endeav
ors of the head of a family should be to
make home pleasant. Many young men
have been allowed, if not driven, to seek
amusements in other places that they
should have found at home, and in
places where the company was such as
to lead to their final downfall and de
struction. Offer, then, all the induce
ments in your power to your boys to
help you make home pleasant for them
and the whole family. There are innu
merable games fitted for a winter's
. evening. Chess and checkers, although
they may not be biassed with the social
games, rank among the highest, if we
consider their connection with the in
tellect. The game of authors, of history,
of biography, and a hundred others,
furnish amusement for the house, and,
if well played, are of real benefit to the
players.
Let the evenings of this present win
ter, or a part of them at least, be given
up to proper social amusements, and,
our word lor it, the coming spring time
- will find none who engage in them the
less fit for the labors before them, but
rather stronger in all respeets, physical,
. aiental, aud moral. N. . Sun.
About Lobsters.
Many lobsters are taken from the
cean in this vicinity, the. business being
pursued in these waters both by island
ers and fishermen from neighboring,
ports. Traps used here differ somewhat
in size ana shape from those employed
on the neighboring grounds. "A light
frame of pine, from three to four feet in
length and from one to two feet in width
and depth, is covered by laths or other
light slats, placed about half an inch
apart. A funnel-shaped mouth, of
pointed slats or netted cord, is made at
one end, large enough for the ingress of
a lobster, and just within and immedi
ately in front of the mouth the fisherman
tangs his bait, the head of a cod or blue
fish, or part of the body of some other
Ash of smaller value. The lobster ex
amines the bait and explores the open
iag with an excess of caution that
ehoold, but does not, prevent his enter
Hmg. But he soon feels entirely satisfied
that all is right, when he turns and
backs in. He appears to realize at once
, taat he is caught, and endeavors to get
at; but, strange as it may seem, al
though he examines the opening again
mmL again, it never seems to enter his
ftiad to torn and back out as he came
ft. Captivity seems to rob him of ap-
&
te, for it is seldom that he will touch
bait which led him in,, and waiek is I
now within his reach. Confinement
seems to rob him of any power ol
speech which he may possess, or per
haps, like some human being, he takes
a malicious pleasure in seeing others
share his misfortune; for he will give no
warning when another, lured by the bait,
investigates the opening, and sometimes
a dozen or more will be taken by the
same trap. Not unfrequently, however,
they will so far forget their "anxietv to
escape as to fight most lustily with their
strong claws, which are sometimes
wrenched from their bodies, but this
does not cripple them permanently, for
it is not long before another claw grows
just as good as that lost, except that it
is a little smaller.
A lobster is supposed to retain his
shell until the latter part of bis fifth
summer, when another shell forms with
in, cracking and gradually crowding off
the old covering. Until this change oc
curs a lobster is not considered suitable
food, and any one can judge by the
length of the fish whether he has
moulted or not, the change never being
made before the animal is nearly or
quite ten inches in length. After this,
the shell changes yearly. In accord
ance with this fact, a stringent law" has
been passed for the protection of the
public,forbiddingany fisherman to sell or
expose for sale any lobster less than ten
inches in length, exclusive of the claws.
The law is generally obeyed to the letter
by fishermen who sell their catches in
the shell, but a great many lobsters
below the lawful size are carried away
by smacks in their salt water wells,
where they can be kept alive for a long
time, and sold to canning establish
ments, whose goods are too much broken
up in canning for measurements to be
applied with much certainty. Lobsters
generally pass the winter in deep water,
coming in with the approach of warm
weather, the larger, as a rule, appear
ing first. Early m the season the catch
is mainly of large fish, which are so
sharply pursued that toward the latter
part of July, and later, their numbers
are diminished to such an extent that
there is great temptation to the fisher
man to -retain those which the law di
rects him to return to the ocean.
Many fishes hold lobsters' eggs in
high esteem, but the mother lobster
will defend them savagely with her
powerful claws, and for better protec
tion attaches them to her abdomen, as
many as 12,000 having been counted
upon a single fish. When hatched,
however, thousands of defenseless lob
sters are devoured by their enemies,
and if man, also, is to be permitted to
prey upon them before they are five
years old, we can hardly hope that the
supply will long remain as abundant as
in the past. Providence Journal.
I.'
Mormonism's .Recruits.
Since the death of Elder William C.
Staines, the agent of the Mormons in
this city, the office which he occupied at
No. 8 State street has remained closed
and there has been no regular agency
for the Latter Day Saints. During the
year that has elapsed since the Elder
died, the business of receiving the Mor
mons who come from Europe to Ameri
ca has been attended to almost solely
by the Castle Garden authorities. Each
party that comes is accompanied by an
Elder, who takes charge of the people
and sees that none of them stray from
the fold or are enticed away by the
wicked Gentiles of Gotham.
Immediately upon the arrival of a
party of Saints at Castle Garden, their
baggage is placed in a pile in the rotun
da, where it is carefully watched by a
guard of Mormons appomtedfor the pur
pose. These sentinels never leave their
posts under any circumstances. Al
though their duty is to watch the bag
gage, it is said they are charged also to
watch tbe brothers and sisters and see
that their conduct is sufficiently circum
spect. The Mormon immigrants from the
Old World, as a class, are very poor.
They have very little money, and the
expenses of their transportation across
the ocean and to their future homes in
Salt Lake are defrayed by the Church
of the Latter Day Saints. The money,
however, is regarded as a loan, which
must be repaid after the arrival of the
immigrants in Utah.
" Why is it that the Mormons who
come to America are so destitute finan
cially ?" is a question that is often asked.
The reason is plain, when it is remem
bored tliat these people were almost
poverty-stricken in Europe before they
started for America. Had they been
well-to-do in the old country, they would
not have pulled up stakes to seek homes
in a strange land. They were discon
tented with their lot in life, and the
Mormon missionaries easily induce them
to immigrate by representing Utah as a
paradise on earth. The people are told
that Utah is a land flowing with milk
and honey; that the agriculturist has
very little work to do, and that the crops
grow almost spontaneously. According
to the glowing accounts of the mission
aries, the principal labor to be done is
in the harvesting of the crops. They do
not say that the corn grows already
shelled in gourds at the tops of stalks,
or that it can be emptied in a basket by
a man riding on horseback between the
rows; but tney do make representations
equally extravagant. This picture of
temporal comforts combined with the
so-called spirital advantages induces the
misguided people to follow their star of
destiny toward the new world. The
disappointment which they experience
must be bitter indeed.
"Are the arrivals of Mormons as nu
merous this year as in previous years?"
was the querry put to Supt. Jacksou at
Castle Garden by a reporter of the
Star.
"The importations of Latter-Day
Saints are falling off," was the reply,
"but the decrease is not sufficient to
warrant the hope that they will soon
stop coming to our shores. The falling
off pertains to the last month or two.
The number arriving since the 1st of
January last is 1,784. That is an in
crease over the previous year, for which
the figures were 1,685."
Mr. Jackson then handed the reporter
a table giving the number of arrivals
for eight years previous to 1880, as fol
lows :
1S72....
1S73
174....
...1.C80
...2,481
..2,075
...1.575
1S76....
1977 .
lSlSa
1S9....
....1,335
1.52J
1.940
.1.525
.The nationalities of the Mormons who
arrived during the present year are
shown as follows:
From England... CGI
From Walt-x C3
From S-.veden.... 431
From Scotland... 170
Fioiti ltuvdn...... 4ft
From Denmark.. 349
From Switzerland 117
From Holland.... 4
From France
From Italy 11
Total 1,784
It is somewhat singular that there are
no Irish Mormons in the above list.
The assertion is made that within the
last twenty years not more than a dozen
natives of the Emerald Isle have cast
their fortunes with the Latter-Day
Saints. The Irish people, as a rule, are
very much opposed to polygamy. The
men as well as the women' think it an
unpardonable sin to have more than one
wife.
The Mormons are more clannish than
any other class of immigrants arriving
at Castle Garden. They do not asso
ciate with their fellow-passengers on the
steamships. It is their invariable cus
tom too keep aloof in one portion of
the steerage, which they insist upon
having set apart for their especial use.
They will neither eat, drink, nor be
merry with Gentiles. This peculiarity
in their character is the result of the
teaching they receive from the Elders.
Acw xork Scar.
This is an odd comparison, but a
very suggestive one: "It is as unrea
sonable to expect good to come out of
evil as it wonld be to take a hole to a
cooper and ask him to make a backs
round it."
"Jimmy's" Experineats iritk a Steam
Chair.
I don't like Mr. Travers as much as I
did. Of course I know he's a very nice
man, and he's going to be my brother
when he marries Sue, and he used to
bring me candy sometimes, but he isn't
what he used to be.
One time that was last summer he
was alwavs dreadful anxious to hear
i from the Postoflice, and whenever he
came to see Sue, and he and she and I
would be sitting' on the front -piazza, he
would say: "Jimmy. I think there must
be a letter for me; Til give 'you ten
cents if you'll go down to the Post
office;" and then Sue would say: "Don't
run, Jimmy; you'll get heart-disease if
vou do;" and I'd walk 'way down to the
Postoffice, which Ls pretty near half a
mile from our house. But now he
doesn't seem to care anything about his
letters; and he and Sue sit in the back
parlor, and mother says I mustn't go in
and disturb them; and I don't get any
more ten cents.
Tve learned that it won't do to fix
your affections on human beings, for
even the bast of men won't keep on giv
ing you ten cents forever. And it wasn't
fair for Mr. Travers to get angry with
me the other night, when it was all an
accident at least 'most all of it; and I
don't think it's manly for a man to
stand by and see a sister shake a fellow
that isn't half her size, and especially
when he never supposed that anything
was going to happen to her even if it
did break.
When Aunt Eliza came to our house
the last time, she brought a steam chair:
that's what she called it, though there
wasn' t any steam about it. She brought
it from Europe with her, and it was the
queerest sort of chair, that would all
fold up, and had a kind of footstool to
it, so that you put 'ourlegs out aud just
lie down in it. Well, one day it got
broken. Tbe back of the seat fell down,
and shut Aunt Eliza up in the chair so
she couldn't get out, and didn't she just
howl till somebody came and helped
her! She was so angry that she said she
never wanted to see that chair again.
" and you may have it if you want it
Jimmy, for you are a good boy some
times when 3Tou want to be."
So I took the chair and mended it.
The folks laughed at me, and said I
couldn't mend it to save my life; but I
got some nails and some mucilage, and
mended it elegantly. Then mother let
me get some varnish, and I varnished
the chair, and when it was done it
looked so nice that Sue said we'd keep
it in the back parlor. Now, I'm never
allowed to sit in the back pa"rlor, so
what good would my chair do me? But
Sue said: "Stuff and nonsense, that
boy's indulged now till he can't rest."
So. they put my chair in the back par
lor, just as if I'd been mending it on
purpose for Mr. Travers. I didn't say
anything more about it; but after it was
in the back parlor I took out one or two
screws that I thought were not needed
to hold it together, and used them for a
boat that I was making.
That night Mr. Traverse came as
usual, and after he had talked to mother
awhile about the-weather, and he aud
father had agreed that it was a shame
that other folks hadn't given more
money to the Michigan sufferers, and
that they weren't quite sure that the
sufferers were a worthy object, and that
a good deal of harm was done by giving
away money to all sorts of people, Sue
said:
" Perhaps we had better go into the
back parlor; it is cooler there, and we
won't disturb father, who wants to think
about something."
So she and Mr. Travers went into the
back parlor, and shut the door, and
talked very loud at first about a whole
lot of things, and then quieted down, as
they always did.
I was in the front parlor, reading
"Robinson Crusoe," and wishing I
could go and do likewise like Crusoe,
I mean; for I wouldn't go and sit quiet
ly in a back parlor with a girl, like Mr.
Travers. not if you were to pay me for
it. I can't see what some fellows see in
Sue. I'm sure if Mr. Martin or Mr.
Traverse had her pull their hair once
the way site pulls mine sometimes, they
wouldn't trust themselves alone with
her very soon.
All at once we heard a dreadful crash
in the back parlor, and Mr. Travers
said Good something very loud, and
Sue shrieked as if she had a needle run
into her. Father and mother and I and
the cook and the chambermaid all
rushed to see what was the matter.
The chair that I had mended, and
that sne had taken away from me, had
broken down while Mr. Travers was
sitting in it, and it had shut up like a
jackknife, and caught him so he
couldn't get out It had caught Sue,
too, who must have run to help him;
or she never would have been in that
fix, with Mr. Travers holding her by
the wrist, and her arm wedged in so
she couldn't pull it way.
Father managed to get them loose,
and then Sue caught me and shook me
till I could hear my teeth rattle, and
then she ran up stairs and locked her
self up; and Mr. Travers never offered
to help me, but only said: " I'll settle
with you some day, young man," and
then he went home. But father sat
down on the sofa and laughed, and
said to mother:
"I artless Sue would have done better
if she d have let the boy keep
chair."
his
I'm very sorry, of course, that an ac
cident happened to the chair, but I've
got it up in my room now, and Pve
mended it again, aud it's the best chair
you ever sat in. " Jimmy Brownf t
Harper's Young People.
Story of the Ticker.
In the receiving-room in the fourth
story of the Western Union Building
are six clerks with instruments before
them. The central figure is the opera
tor who receives all the dispatches from
the reporters of the Stock Exchange.
He writes them quickly and plainly on
a slip of paper and sticks it in a frame
in front of him. The frame is so placed
that the two operators can see the fig
ures plainly. The operator on the right
runs the stock "tickers." and the one
on the left the general news "tickers."
The first-named operator has a set of
black and white keys, precisely like a
piano, set before him. The keys are
marked with letters and numbers. That
keyboard operates all the stock "tick
ers" in this city and "tickers" as far
away as Newark and Orange. The op
erator reproduces every quotation. The
general news operator takes only the
more important quotations. He" also
reproduces what appears on a tape of
Kiernan's financial "ticker" that reels
off before him. He works on a key
board of different pattern, in which the
keys are set in two concentric circles.
These are the two great and impor
tant divisions of the "ticker." It is
.estimated that when business in
the exchange is running at an
ordinary rate a quotation can be
caught by the reporter, telegraphed to
the central office, be sent out again, and
reappear on all tapes "inside of half a
minute. When business is livelier the
operators fall somewhat behind the quo
tations, but five minutes is the extreme
time of delay. A broker makes a sale,
and before he can get back to his office,
a few blocks away, it is there on the
" ticker" ahead of him. The two other
operators in the receiving room receive
reports from the Mining Exchange and
send them out on the mining -' ticker."
There is another instrument in the room
which records in telegraphic dots and
dashes every dispatch received from the
Stock and Mining Exchanges. It is in
tended to act as a check on the reporters
and the receiver if a dispute should arise
oanreming a dispatch. Opposite the
'operators is a complete duplicate set oi
instruments which they could at once
use in case of accident to the other set.
On the wall hangs the large gravity
clock which regulates the time " tick
ers." It is a wonderful piece of accu
rate mechanism, and was made by Prof.
James llamblct, the manager of the
time service. It is regulated each day
by dispatches from the observatories at
Pittsburgh, Washington and Cambridge.
The " tickers" in use in the city at
the time of the report in November
were: Stock, 867; general news, 126;
cotton, 86; produce, 68; time, 82; min
ing, 39; and Kiernan's financial. The
Gold and Stock Telegraph Company
controls individually all those tickers,
except the last-named, which it manages
for Senator John J. Kiernan. The
Kittrnan financial "tickers" report only
a few of the stock quotations, but give
general financial news and any other
news of interest from all over the" world.
He controls the portion of the city below
Chambers street. The same news is
furnished above Chambers street by the
general news " ticker" of the Gold and
Stock Company.
Besides having reporters in the Stock
Exchange, the companv has similar re
porters in the Mining, Produce and Cot
ton Exchanges. Their reports are re
ceived by operators in the large hall of
the Western Union Telegraph Compar
and are sent out from there. The time
"tickers" are furnished to jewelers,
railroads, and other offices where the
exact time is desired. It is an adjunct
of the time-ball, which falls at noon on
the pole of the summit of the Western
Union Building. The little instrument
in a jeweler's shop beats every two sec
onds, and at the beginning of each hour
and quarter-hour strikes like an ordinary
clock.
"Tickers " are of two kinds of manu
facture. Some print a continuous line
on a narrow tape, and others print two
lines on a wider tape, one being the title
of the stock, and the other its price.
The single line instrument is run by
weights and the two-line or three-wire
instrument is run by electrical power
from the central office. The 1,563 or
more "tickers" are on uinerent cir
cuits, averaging from twenty to thirty
" tickers" to a circuit.
Each circuit is visited daily to see that
it is in running order. The inspectors
visit each "ticker" twice a week to
clean it, ink the pads, supply tape, and
a.Mertuin if it is iu good working order.
The work of the " ticker" is not con
fined to this city. Mr. George W. Scott,
the Superintendent, furnished a report
of the "ticker-." in operation by the
company in other large cities. These
"tickers" are, however, not worked
direct from the New York offices. The
quotations are sent to a central operator
in the other cities, and he sends them
to the "tickers." Among the cities
having the greatest number of "tickers"
are: Boston, 111; Chicago, 142; Balti
more, 91; Cincinnati, 70: St. Louis, 69;
Buffalo, 43; and Cleveland, 32. Asale on
the Stock Exchange is known in Chicago
within less than two minutes. The re
porters and operators are so skillful
that a mistake is rare. The brokers are
quick to notice au error, and a correc
tion is at once made. ..V. . Sun.
Webster.
When Webster failed, it was a moral
failure. Intellectually, he ranks among
the greatest men of his race or country.
His mind was not profoundly original,
nor did he have that unknown subtle
quality rarely met with among statesmen
or lawyers, but to be found in poets and
artists, which men have agreed to call
genius. We watch the feats of some
superb athlete, and all that he does is
impossible to us, far beyond our reach;
but we understand how everything is
done, and what muscles are needed.
We observe the performances of an
Eastern juggler; we see the results, we
appreciate the skill, but the secret of
the trick escapes us. This is true also
of mental operations; it is the difference
between the mind of Shakespeare and
that of Pitt, a difference, not of degree,
but of kind. Webster belongs to the
athletes. We can do nothing but ad
mire achievements so far beyond our
grasp, and gaze with wonder upon a
development so powerful, so trained, so
splendid. But we can understand it
all, both the mind and its operations.
It is intellect raised to any power you
please, but it is still an intellect, a form
and process with which we are familiar.
There is none of the baffling sleight of
hand, the inexplicable intuitions of
genius. Webster has been accused of
appropriating the fruits of other men's
labors to bis own uses and glory. This
is perfectly idle criticism. Webster
had the common quality of great
ness, a quick perception of the
value of suggestions and thoughts
put forth by other men, and the capac
ity to detect their value and use them;
making them bear fruit instead of re
maining sterile in the hands of the dis
coverer. But after all is said, we come
back to the simple statement that he was
a very great man; intellectually, one of
the greatest men of his age. He is one
of the chief figures of our history, and
his fame as a lawyer, an orator and a
statesman is part of that history. There
he stands before us, grandly vividly,
with all his glories and all his failings.
The uppermost thought, as we look at
him, is of his devotion to the Union,
aud of the great work which he did in
strengthening and building up the na
tional sentiment. That sentiment the
love of Webster's life, proved powerful
enough to save the Union in the hour
of supreme trial. There is no need, and
it would not be right to overlook or to
forget his errors and failings, all the
more grievous because he was so gifted.
All men, even those who censure him
most severely, acknowledge his great
ness. But it is not his fame which will
dead most strongly for him when his
aults are brought to the bar of history
to receive judgment It will be the
thought of a united country the ideal of
his hopes, the inspiration of the noblest
efforts of his intellect which will lead
men to say, even while they condemn:
"Forgive him, for he loved much."
Henry Cabot Lodge, in Atlantic Monthly.
Fishlnir in a Corn-field.
In Colorado is a ten-acre field, which
is no more nor less than a subterranean
lake covered with a soil about eighteen
inches deep. On the soil is cultivated a
field of corn, which produces thirty
bushels to the acre. If any one will
take the trouble to dig a hole the depth
of a spade handle he will find it filled
with water, and bjr using a hook and
line fish four or five inches long may be
caught The fish have neither scales
nor eyes and are perch-like in shape.
The ground is a black marl in nature,
and in all probability was at one time an
open body of water, on which accumu
lated vegetable matter, which has been
increased from time to time, until now
it lias a cmst sufficiently strong and rich
to produce fine corn, although it has to
be cultivated by hand, as it is not strong
enough to bear the weight of a horse.
While harvesting the hands catch
great strings of fish by making a hole
through the earth. A person rising on
his heel and coming down suddenly can
see the growing corn shake all around
him. Any one having sufficient strength
to drive a rail through the crust will hnd
on releasing it that it will disappear al
together. Territorial Enterprise.
" One of the first duties of a commun
ity," says Mayor Means, of Cincinnati,
in an interview, "is to protect its youth.
Protect the boys first and they will pro
tect the girls.
For the first time in many years.
Hemlock Lake, N. Y., Rochester's wa
ter source, is entirely frozen orec
FOREIGN W&SS1P.
The great British war-ship v In
flexible," tint cost $4,000,000, 13 pro
nounced a failure.
The late King of Sweden used to
prance around nights iu disguise, and
th') fact that he had a black eye about
half the time was proof that he enjoyed
himself.
. The bootbl icks of London aro di
vided into societies. One of them,
known as the Saffron Hill, numbering
sixty-six, has earned in the last twelve
months between 3,000 and 4,00).
The railway up Vesuvius, known as
the Funicolare, is a French undertaking.
It was started with a capital of 72,(X0
and costs 4,0J0 a year to maintain. In
fifteen years the company expect to
realize the entire capital, and as the
lease from the Government runs thirty
years there will remain fifteen years, for
profits, which are estimated at fifteen
per cut. after the working expenses are
taken out. The company is insured in
five French homes at four francs per
1,000. No English house was willing to
insure it under ten franc. Everything
about the road is said to be wall man
aged. At the top there is a restaurant,
and a good one.
The development of the coal re
sources and industry of Germiny has
recently received much attention, due,
in great part, to the encouraging char
acter of tbe Hamburg exhibition of that
mineral held some tim since. It i3 al
leged that the Westphalian coal is su
perior in heating power to English, and
the investigations carried on by some of
the most eminent geologists make it ap
pear, though the statement is somewhat
surprising, that Germany is in posses
sion of coal-field incomparably more
extensive than any that England can
show. The Westphalian coal-basin,
alone, it is said, is capable of producing,
for seven centuries to come, the same
quantity of best coal annually that Eng
land noV yields ; and not only this, but
the basin is not yet fully explored, and
is believed to be capable of material ex
tension. Mr. Robert Rnbson, of Newcastle,
England, a retired policeman seventy
two years of age, h:is come into posses
sion of a fortune estimated at $1,250,
000, and which has been, it seems, in
the hands of the Ecclesiastical Commis
sioners since his grandfather was mur
dered, in Manehest- r, 140 years ago.
Mr. liohsen has been staying of late at
a Newc.istle inn, and has been pestered
beyond endurance, it is said, by the
troops of relatives and friends which his
sudden fortune has been the means of
disclosing to his knowledge. Many of
these relatives he did not know to ecist;
others he had entirely forgotten. Among
the number were three or four women
who persistently affirmed that Rob;on
was their lawfully wedded husband, and
when he presented to them the woman
who is truly his wife, they still refused
to abandon their claim. Mr. Robson's
lot thus far has not been any happier
wit h his money than it formerly was
without it.
The Departed Year.
Dey'arl88l am past an' gone for
eber," said Brother Gardner as Samuel
Shin let the stove alone. " I see nuffin'
sad 'bout it nuffin' to call fur sighs an'
tears an' groans which kin be heard two
blocks away. We expec dey'ars to pass
away. We expec time to keep dustin'
right along. We expec to grow old, an'
to hev gray hairs, an' to cotch do rheu
matiz. Dat's what we am heah fur. If
we could alius remain young an' pnrty,
an' part our h'ar in de middle, an' w'ar
yaller kids an' smell of cologne, de un
dertaker an' de grave-digger would
starve to d&ath.
" My freus, in beginning de new year,
doan' start out on de belief dat de
louder you talk de mo' argynient ye
hev.
" Doan' imagine dat ebery man wida
gift of gab am a bo'u orator.
"When you hnd a quiet man doan
rush off an' gin him credit fur wisdom.
Some men doan' talk kase dey hev
nuffin' to say. Silence am no mo' a sign
of wisdom dan pound in' on an empty
bar'l am a sign of war.
"If argyment won't bring a manober
to your side of de queshun knockiu' him
down won't do any good.
" De man who can run up a bill at de
butchers' an' dodgo him for six months
am not necessarily a statesman.
."De man who takes up de moas'
sidewalk am not alius de pusson of de
moas' consequence. A fifieen-cent
drunkard wants mo' room in dis world
dan a Judge of de Supreme Court.
" Jealous' of your naybur am not
ambishun. Slander am a weapon used
only by cowards. Hopin' dese few re
marks won't do you any partickilar in
jury, we will now address ourselves to
de usual programmy." Detroit Free
Press.
On the Hills of ,Cursiug.
In a work just issued from the press
"The Past and Present of the East"
the author describes a recent visit to
those once famous mountains, Ebal and.
Gerizim, on which he spent a day. He
states that he and a fellow-traveler as
cended the latter, and they afterward
proceeded to test the acoustic property
of the valley between. To do this his
fellow-traveler rode down Gerizim,
across the vallev, and began to ascend
r.uai, his "horse looking the size 01 an
ant." After ascending a considerable
distance, until he appeared but a faint
dot on the hillside, he stopped. It had
been arranged that the two should sig
nal to each other when ready to speak,
but that was now seen to bo hopeless,
so, waiting until the dot appeard to
have ceased to move, the author, the
Rev. H. Jones, commenced to read
aloud from a book, "feeling that he
might just as well have thought of ad
dressing the House of Commons from
Lambeth Palace." After a while he
Caused to hear the result. Great was
is surprise when from the little dot on
the hillside he heard the words of tho
Twenty-third Psalm, and this in spite of
tbe conversation carried on by some
Turkish soldiers near. On the two
meeting they found that each had heard
the other with perfect distinctness.
London Globe.
Life iu the White Hon.
President Arthur usually breakfasts
between 9 and 10 a. m., and dines be
tween 6 and 8 p. ra. Ills breakfast gen
erally consists of two or three kinds of
meat, fish, fowl, eggs, served in various
styles, etc., and dinner is served in from
six to ten courses. He is not very fas
tidious in his tastes, although he barely
eats what is known as a bailed dinner.
Since he has been in the White House
he has never intimated to Steward
Crump his likes and dislikes concerning
the manner his food should be prepared.
He eats what is spread before him aud
appears satisfied. The domestic corps
of the Executive Mansion numbers nine
persons. This does not include the
driver, footman and ushers. "Miss Mary
McGrath, who came with Mrs. Garfield,
still remains in the position of house
keeper. She has very pleasant manners,
and seems to have a thorough under
standing of her duties. Ann Eliza Her
bert presides over the culinary depart
ment She is well known in the city,
having lived here a number of years.
The rest of the servants have been em
ployed at the White Houe for a num
bers of years. Washington IsAtcr.
Judge Gasliu, of Nebraska, told the
Grand Jury that it was a "relic of bar
bariism, a source of useless expense to
the county, and no earthly consequence
to the community."
Jeff Davis's
taanjtal failure.
book is said to be a
HOME AND FARM.
Agriculture not only, gives riches to
a nation,but the only riches she can call
har own.
Glycerine, to which a few drops of
alcohol have been added, is an excel
lent application for oilstones on which
fine instruments are to be sharpened.
The surface of cast-iron may be
softened for turning and planing by im
mersion for twentt-four hours in a solu
tion of one part of nitric acid to four of
water.
When practicable a lane should ex
tend from the barn-yard to the rear
fields of the farm. Gates should be
made to open from the lane into each
field.
A good way to use slioes of stale
bread is to dip them in well-beateueggs,
then, after frying ham, fry the bread in
the ham gravy, adding a lump of but
ter if necessary; fry tho bread until it
is a light brown, and send to the table.
But it is good also if fried in the fat cut
from slices of steak or roasts.
The yield per acre on Australian
farms is as follows: The average of
wheat per acre is 14 1-2 bushels this
year, or one bushel less than the year
before ; maize, 35 bushels, or one-third
of a bushel less ; barley, 20 bushels, or
one and one-half bushels less; oats, 19
bushels, or four bushels less ; potatoes,
2 2-3 tons, as against 3 1-4 tons last
year, and hay, 1-8 ton.
Buckwheat cakes are improved for
some people by mixing the buckwheat
with graham flour. Put about one
third of graham with it. Start tho
cakes at night with yeast a small tea
oup of yeast to one quart of flour; mix
with cool, not cold, water and set in a
warm corner. Griddle cakes can be
made of oatmeal by putting one-third
of wheat flour with it. They require
more time for cooking than buckwheat
cakes do, and should be browned thor
oughly. Iady Barker recommends airy bed
rooms fo'r children. She says : "The
fondest and fussiest parents do not al
ways understand that on the most care
ful attention and simple rules depend the
straightuess of children's spines, the
strength of their limbs, their freedom
from coughs and colds, and, in fact,
their general health. But few consider
that half of a young child's life should
be spent in bed. So that unless the at
mosphere of the room they sleep in, the
quality of the bed they lie on, and the
texture of the clothes which cover them
are taken into consideration, it is only
half their existence which is being cared
for." Canada Farmer.
A correspondent of the American
Manufacturer writes concerning clean
ing lime-encrusted pipes : "As a sort of
shop kink' I give you a curious experi
ment tried on an engine water-supply
)ipe that had become choked up with
ime encrustation. After hammering
it for an hour or two, and kindling a
fire all over it, without any result, one
end was pegged up, and about a pint of
refined coal oil was poured in the other
all it would hold leaving it to stand
all night. The next morning the entire
mass slid out, a solid lime core. Before
trying this we thought of throwing the
pipe away as useless, and getting a new
one."
Diseased Animals
In the treatment of eurselves we are
careful if we discharge the duties which
we owe to ourselves to watch the pro
monitory symptoms of disease, and en
deavor to thwart the approach of dangoi
at the earliest moment. If we have a
cough we seek to allay it, before it be
comes deeply seatcjl. If small-pox is
prevalent we seek vaccination as a pre
ventive, and in all particulars we are
careful to ward off disease. The result
is that thoe who are thus careful stand
a very good chance of escaping sickness.
But we fail too often to apply such rules
of prevention in our care of domestic
animals. So long as there is no marked
appearance of disease among our herds
and Hocks, we too seldom give the mat
ter of possible disease a single thought.
Rising in the morning, we feed the stock
without thinking of possible sickness,
and at night we feed it with the same
degree of unconcern as to its health. It
eats, and we are satisfied. But the fact
of an appetite is not a sure sign of
health, by any means.
With human beings, eating takes the
shape of habit to a considerable degree.
A person who does not feel well, and
really has no appetite, will frequently
sit down to the table and eat quite
heartily ; or the appetite may be unnat
ural. We do not know why this should
not be frequently true of our domestic
animals also. Certainly they, too, are
creatures of habit, and it is reasonable
to suppose that sometimes they have
unnatural appetites. But what are we
to do? The most careful scrutiny can
not alwavs discern disease in the speech
less and uncomplaining brutes. But
while that is true, it is also true that
close inspection will often result in dis
covering symptoms of disease. Entire
herds and flocks have become diseased
simply because the first individual cases
were not discovered iu time to prevent
general inoculation. It is not expected
that a farmer and stock raiser who is
unskilled in veterinary science can de
termine what the trouble is with an ani
mal that shows symptoms of approach
ing distress. It may be something
harmless, and it may be something
dangerous ; and the very fact that the
average man is unable to determine
what the real character of animal dis
ease is, is one great reason why the
most scrutinizing care should be exer
cised, to the end that the very first ap
proach of a dangerous, a contagious,
disease may be met.
AH of our animals should be closely
watched with a view of determining the
condition of their health. If a cow, or
a hog, or a sheep shows symptons of be
ing out of health, the first question to
be answered is, what is the matter? If
you can determine this, and the disease
is harmless, that is all there is to the
matter, except to apply remedies to the
individual case. But there should be
no guess-work about it. We should be
just as certain of the nature of the dis
ease as we are of anything that is abso
lutely sure. If we are not thus certain,
the sick animal should be immediately
removed from its companions, and con
fined where it will not be apt to spread
contagion, until it is ascertained what is
the matter with it. It is most reckless
to permit a sick animal to remain with
the herd or flock, eating from the same
racks or troughs, without knowing that
it is not afflicted with .-0111c eontagious
disorder. Certainly we can not expect
to have our animals healthy in the very
midst of contagion, and none of us do
expect it.
In this connection, it will be proper to
notice the importance of stock-raisers
being versed in veterinary science. It
would not be practicable" for our older
men to apply themselves to veterinary
study, for it Requires years of applica
tion, under competent instruction. Vet
erinary books in the hands of the un
skillful are not to be recommended.
They are very like family doctor books
in the hands of the family. They can
not be taken up by anybody and made
useful. Medicine is impotent enough
in the hands of trained physicians, and
it becomes a source of absolute danger
when its application is attempted by
the inexpenenced. But our younger
men have the opportunities of pursuing
retiuary studies abundantly offered. All
of our agricultural colleges have a
veterinary course, and it should be
taken by every young man who intends
to make stock breeding a business.
Even afterward he may not be compe
tent to treat all diseases in animals, but
his knowledge will be an imseaae help
to Mm.. Western Rural.
KENDALL'S
IT Cl'Ul-S .SPAVIN
-PUNi, KING
BONKS, t UHBS AND
ALLSl.MILAUBLKM
ISHKS AND KE-
JIUVESTHK III .t li
WITHOUT BLISTfcK-ING.
KENDALL'S SPAVIN CUB1I
It has cured thousands of cases and is destined to cure millions and millions more.
KENDALL'S SPAVIN CUI1
Is the only po-iuve cure k-iown, and to show what thlt remedy will do we give here
ai a sample of c.it" cureil by it. a statement which was
GIVEN UNDER OATH.
To Whom it JIny Concern. Iu the
year 1S" 1 treatod with "Kendall's
Spavin Cure." a bone spavin of several
months' growth, nearly half as large as
a lions eujf, ami completely stopped the
lameness and removed the enlargement.
I hae worked the horse ever since very
hard, and he never has been lame, nor
eould I eer see any difference in the
ize of the hock joints since I treated
him with 'Kendall.-. Spavin Cure." ,
II. A. Gain K;t.
Enosburgh " lis. Vt.. Feb. 25, 'TU.
Sworu and subscribed to before me
this :13th day or Feb.. a. i. 1ST!).
John G. Jknnk.
Justice of Peace
KENDALL'S SPAVIN CUB1;
ON 11 JIM AN FLESH it has been ascertained by repeated trials to be,
the very best liniment ever used for anu deep seated pain of long standing
or of short duration. Also for COHNti, BUNIONS. FROST HI TICS
or any bruise, cut or lameness. Some are ufraid to use it on human Jiesh
simply because it is a horse medicine, but you should remember that, what
is good Tor BEAST is good for JfAN. and we know from Kxuerfonc
in in jiviwiL.3 oi-ji yjjy l u ii -ft can be used on a child
old with perfect sufety. Its Effects are wonderful on human jlesh
does not blister or make a sore. Try it and be convinced.
St. -. -F."F"7T T TV -
KENDALL'S SPAVIN CUR I;
Read below of Its wonderful effects aa a liniment for tho human family.
, ,. . , IlKMATrrK. Missouri, August J0, 180.
1. .1, Kknoali. & ( o., Oknts: I am so overjoyed In view of the result of an ap
plication or jour Kendalls Spavin Cure that I feel that 1 ouht for Humanities'
sake publish it to the world. About thirtv-tive vesrs a-o while ridiuir a youuz
u'ly hors-e. I was injured in one of my testicles, a'nd'frora that time to three weeki
ajjo a .slow but constant enlargement has been the result, giving me a great amount
of trouble, almost entirely preventing me from horseback riding, which was mv
usual waj- of traveling. I saw a notice of your Kendall's Spavin Cure;never once
thought orn loranytlung except ror horses, but after receiving the medicine and
reading over what it was good Tor, feeling terribly exercised about mv difficulty, for
I had consulted many physicians and none gave me an v spocitie but'when it could
be endured no longer to remove it with the knife. 1 applied otir Kendalls Spavin
(. ure as an experiment, and it was so painful in its application that I concluded
not to repeat it and thought no more about it until near a week, aud lo and behold
one-hair the size was gone, with joy I could scarcely believe it, 1 immediately ap
plied it oyer again, and have made in all about X dozen applications running ver
a space or two weeks and the terrible ealargement is almost gone, in view i.f which
I cannot express my feelings of delight. It has been a God s-nd to me. mar he
3end to others with like troubles. Jons Kick.
Pastor of Hematite Congregational Church.
P. S. You are at liberty to put Jiiis iu any shape, vou mav please. I am not
ashamed to have my name under, over or by the side of it.
KENDALLS SPAVIN OIJRI!
Kendall's Spavin Cure.is sure in its effects, mild in its action as It doe not
Mister, yet it is penetrating and powerful to reach uny deep seated p tin or to re
move any bony growth or any other enlargement if used for seeral davs, such a
spavins, splints, callous, sprains, swelling, anv lameness and all enlargement of
ihe joints or limbs, or rheumatism in man and fur anv purpose for which a liniment
is used for man or beast. It is now known to be the best liniment for m.ui ever used
.teting null, yet certain in its effects. It is used in full strength with perfect safety
it all seasons of the vear. J
Send address for Illustrated Circular, which we think gives positive proof, of its
virtues. No remedy has met with such uiunullti -d suce-.s to our knowledge for
beatas well as man. Price $1 per bottle, or six bottlet for $.").
.. . , , , ALL DRUGGISTS have it or can get it for you,
or it will be sent to any address on receipt of price, bv the proprietors,
48 . Dr. B. J. KENDALL & CO, Enosburg Falls, Vermont.
WHEN YOU TRAVEL
ALWAYS TAKK TIIK
B. & M. R. R.
Examine map and time table carefully
It will be ccii that thi line co-meets
with C. It. Si Q- K. It.; in fact they
are under one management,
anil taken together form
what is called
Shortest nnd Quickest Line to
ST. LOUIS. PEfllll.
DES MOIXES, ROCK ISLAND,
And Especially to all Peiats
10WA, WISIOXSIX, INDIANA,
ILLINOIS, MICHIGAN, OHIO.
PRINCIPAL ADVANTAGKS ARK
Through coaches from destination on C.
B. & Q. It. It. No transfers; changes
f:om C. It. & Q. It. It. to connect
ing lines all made in
Union Depots.
THK0UGH TICKETS
AT
LOWEST RAXES
CAN UK HAD
I'pon application at any station on the
.oad. Agents are also prepared to check
laggage through; give all information as
.0 rates, routes, time connections, etc ,
md to secure sleeping car accomoda
rions. This company is engaged on an exten
tion which will open a
NEW LINE TO DEiWER
And all points in Colorado. This ex
tention will be completed and ready for
usines iu a 'few months, and the pub
ic can then eujo all the advantages of
1 through line between Denver and
Chicago, all under one management.
P. N. KllMtiM.
Gen'l T'k't A'gt,
43y Omaha, Nkb.
TUTTS
PILLS
INDORSED BY
PHYSICIANS, CLERGYMEN, AND
THE AFFLICTED EVERYWHERE.
THE GREATEST MEDICAL
TRIUMPH OF THE AGE.
SYMPTOMS OF A
TORPID LIVER.
IMofappeUte,Naueabowehi costive,
Pain mtheHead.with a dull sensation m
Che back part,Pain under the shoulder
blade, fullneaa after eating, witn s disin
clination to exertion of body or mind.
Irritability of temper. Low spirits. Loss
of memory, with a feeling of having neg
lected some duty, weariness. Dizziness,
Fluttering of Ihe Heart, Dots before the
eyes. Yellow HBo, Headache. Restless
ness at night, highly colored Urine"
IF TE&E WABHIHGS ARE UNHEEDED,
SERIOUS DISEASES WILLS00N BE DEVELOPED.
TUri'8 FILLS are especially adapted to
such cases.one done effects nuchachange
of feeling as to astonish the sufferer.
They Increase the Appetite, and cau. tbe
body to Take on Flesh, thus tbe nyntem U
BOMrlh-rf.aniIbytltlrTMile tctloaonthe
Digestive Orsaaa Rrralar Mtaels are pro
duced. Price Scents. 3 nurrmj t M.TT.
TUTT'S HAIR DYE.
Gray Hair or Whisk tn changed to tOumr
Black by a single application of this Dyk. It
Imparts a natural color, acts Instantaneously.
Bold by Iruxcuti or nt by ezprris on receipt of f I.
Office, 35 Murray 9U NwYork.
m . 1 tira iiical at timm
BURLINGTON
ROUTE
J
VtaMlMMxWIa
IUIm
SPAVIN CURE!
KORMANITISNOW
KNOWN TO BE ONE
OK THE BEST IK
NOT THE BEST
LINIMENT EVER
DISCOVERED.
v ... ... .
1 year
and it
1870.
1882.
TUI
(feohmibns journal
Is conducted b a
FAMILY NEWSPAPER,
Devoted to the best mutual inter
ests of it readers and its publish.
er. Published at Columbu,iMatto
county, the centre of the agricul
tural portion ofXcbraska.it in read
ly hundreds of people cant who are
looking towards Nebraska as their
fnture home. It subscribers in
Nebraska aro the staunch, solid
portion of the community, as is
evidenced by the fact that the
Journal hit never contained a
"dun" against them, and by the
other fact that
ADVERTISING
In its columns always brings its
reward. Business is business, and
those who wili to reach the solid
people of Central Nebraska will
find the columns of the Journal a
splendid medium.
JOB WORK
Of all kinds neatly and quickly
done, at fair prices. This-species
of printing is nearly alwayx want
ed in a hurry, and, knowing this
fact, we have so provided for it
that we can furnish envelopes, let
ter heads, bill heads, circulars,
posters, etc., etc., on very short
notice, and promptly on time as
we promise.
SUBSCRIPTION.
I copy per annum $2 00
'" Six months 100
" Three months, ftO
Single copy 9ent to any address
in the United States for 5 cts.
K. TTTBlfER 4 CO.,
Columbus, Nebraska.
EVERYBODY
Can now afford
A CHICAGO DAILY.
THE
CHICAGO HEEALD,
All the News every day on four large
pages of .seven column each. The Hon.
Frank W. Palmer (Postmaster of Chi
cago), Editor-in-Chier. A Republican
Daily for
$5 per Year,
Three mouths, $1.:V). One
trial 50 cents.
month on
CHICAGO
"WEEKLY HERALD
!
Acknowledged by everybody who has
read it to b the best eight-page paper
ever published, at the low price of
tl PER YEAR,
Postage Free.
Contains correct market report, all
the news, and general reading interest
ing to the farmer and his family. Special
terms to agent9 and clubs. Sample
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