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Jafi, m ii*r 1 ' | ggfa / .... Nob.Historical Society 1500 R S+rcct Line oln, 3, Neb . mttmmm .... | » ltiu m iuia newspaper ..iMitnn 1 m ; What you are doing ig news, ♦ v 1 : Please Phone Your News To - :: Is 1our Newspaper ,, :: • HA 0800 * j; ;; What you are doing IS news J, : or send it to ;; Please Phone Your News To ;; ; THE OMAHA GUIDE ,_ __ II ^ .08J° . 2420 Grant st. j /JUSTICE ^ EQUALITY HEW TO THE LINEN j; the^ma^a guide ii EQUAL OPPORTUNITY __ __ Vol. 30 No. 29_Friday, September 21, 1956_ _10c Per Copy Gov. Clement Acts In Anti-Negro Rioting Before delivering a sermon on Sunday to the 15,000 delegates attending the National Baptist Convention, U.S.A., Inc., President J. H. Jackson read a telegram that he had sent to Governor Frank Clement of Tennessee commending him on his action in calling out national guard troops to quiet anti-Negro rioting stirred up when Negro students registered in previously all-white schools. • In the telegram to the Tennessee Governor, Dr. Jackson declared: “Congratulations on your firm stand to uphold the law and order in Tennessee in particular and in the nation in general. “This is the only way to preserve the American way of life and to secure and guarantee the continuity of American democracy with honor. “While in Europe last month, I read with keen apprecia tion your great address before the Democratic Convention in Chicago. But your act at Clinton, Tennessee, adds new weight to your words, and is an even greater contribution to your party’s future.” Governor Clement’s letter in reply to the President’s telegram •aid. “Please accept my apologies for not having replied to your kind telegram of September 3rd prior to this date. I was away from the office when it was received and have just returned. “Prior to our intervention in the Clinton, Tennessee, situation, we kept in close contact with developments and did our best to give sincere, thoughtful and prayerful consid eration to the situation. It was never my desire to intervene in the processes of local government in Clinton ahd this was the first time in more than three and one-half years as Gov ernor that I have found it necessary to send the Highway Patrol or the Tennessee National Guard to restore law and order to a local community. "When, however, I received requests from the Mayor, city council, chief of police, sheriff, and others and they certified that the law and order had completely broken down, there was an unescapable duty to perform. "We went to Clinton, not for the purpose of promoting integration nor for the purpose of continuing segregation, but to protect life and property and to restore law and order which any citizen has a right to expect. “If this deplorable situation had been permitted to con- / tinue, every county in Tennessee could become a potential target for similar occurrences. A principle was at stake, not just an issue. If a county could be taken over in this in stance, then it could be taken over in the future on any issue and our principles of law enforcement and everything we be lieve in could indeed become a mockery, "May I request yojir prayers for guidance that we may be granted the wisdom to make the right decisions . . . . de-. cisiong pleasing to God and in accordance with His teach ings. “With kindest regards, I am” , / Sincerely, FRED G. CLEMENT. Governor 'A Change in the Political Climate' An Intimate Message From the Southwest By Bicknell Eubanks • DALLAS Political moods are dangerous traps for the analyst. Even while a conclusion is being reached, everything can change. The wrong word from a candidate, an unintentional rebuff of a political leader, even a careless misquotation, can change a region's attitude over night—especially in the volatile South. But, if anything is certain right now in southern politics, it is that the Democratic leaders from El Paso to the Potomac sense a change in the climate. And if this political perception proves correct, the Solid South may have filled in the chinks and patched up the cracks which President Eisenhower put there in 1952. The mood and desire are for unity. So strong is the feeling for a common cause with other regional elements of the Democratic Party, that the word has gone out from state party leaders down to the precinct levels to emphasize that the civil rights plank in the Democratic Party's platform*is "something we can live with.” Pre cinct leaders are being told that voters must be assured that the Republican plank on civil rights is the more objectionable. Local leeders themselves will be left the job of figuring out the best way to get this across to the home folks. After all, they know their neigh bors best. * * * m * In this region of “practical politics,” the local leadership will pay little attention, if any at all, to what Adlai E. Stevenson has to say about civil rights when he speaks, for instance, in the East or on the Pacific Coast, where an entirely opposite viewpoint prevails. Southern leaders figure that there are enough other issues which can occupy the attention of Dixie vt ters while Mr. Stevenson dis cusses the tough civil rights issue elsewhere. Cotton, TVA, and in dustrialization can fill in an evening of political talks, and the speak er could still find plenty of other things to discuss. The sentiment for a return to party regularity appears far,' stronger this year than at any time since 1944. It is true that some I disgruntled Democrats in South Carolina, Mississippi, Louisiana, and Alabama have been “talking about” a splinter movement in a re vival of the perennial effort to throw the election into the House of Representatives So far, about the only visible evidence of this movement has been a somewhat desultory meeting at which a few stereotyped speeches were made, but little support attracted. • • • * "The South (from the Democrats’ point of view) looks much better than in 1952,” observes Ralph McGill, editor of the Atlanta Constitution. “Question marks hang over Virginia and Florida." But Mr McGill notes that recently Virginia’s most famous apple grower, who also is the state’s Democratic political director, Senator Harry Byrd, "delivered a blast at President Eisenhower and the Re publican Party. He has not yet made a statement of support of the Democratic nominees. But four years ago he was one of the darlings of the GOP. “It was largely due to his pro-Eisenhower sentiments the Old Dominion went into the Republican column. Now, in 1956. Senator Byrd haa come down out of his apple tree and it shooting at all Re publicans in the orchard. Virginia congressmen and other leader* believe the Byrd mood will continue. If ao, Virginia will return to Stcvenaon and Kefauver. "Nothing, of course, ia sure Hut while none la entirely content ed, the mood is for unity—and for election of a Democratic White House and Congress ** The Constitution also observe* editorially: -While there are things about the Democratic Party which some southern Democrats of other sections have to compromise, too. This will be true always at both Democrats and Kcputdleans as nstionsl parties Bolter* in the past eventually have paid the price of defeat "Governor Timmerman of South Carolina. Senator Johnston of South Carolina, Governor Griffin at Ueorgu. and other responsible southern leader* realize that the South haa more to gain by fighting It* bailies within the party.” Frontiersman Is Cited FRONTIERSMAN CITED— Paul E. X, Brown, a member of the At lanta Chapter, Frontiers of Amer ica, receives a human relations citation for “exceptionally meri torious service,” awarded to him by the Atlanta Chapter during the Shriners’ Convention in Washing ton, August 19-24. From left to right: Dr. Robert J. Hill, a mem ber of the Baltimore Frontiers; Moss H. Kendrix, D. C. public re lations man who presented the Citation; Jesse O. Thomas, presi dent of the Atlanta Chapter, and Brown, Dr. Peale Says Heaven Unsegregated New York — Heaven is com pletely unsegregated, Dr. Nor man Vincent Peale, pastor of the Marble Collegiate Church, said today. Dr. Peale made the comment in response to a letter in the new issue of Look magazine. The letter said: “I am' a colored man living in the South, with my wife and four children. We are all devout church mem | bers and expect to go to Heaven when we die. I was just won dering if, when we climb the golden stairs, there will be white people beside us there, or will there be two stairs, one for color ed and one for white? When we drink from the Fountain of God, will there be two, one for us and one for whites? Is God of , fering us a place in Heaveh so we can be servants to the whites? I guess there will be religious meetings of all kinds. Will these also be segregated? If we are allowed to associate with the white people there, will the ones who are so strongly op posed to us be there too. These are questions I keep asking my self and I cannot find the an swers. Will you help me." I__ William Perkins William Mose Perkins, age 54 years, of Laramie, Wyoming, ex pired Monday September 17, 1956. at a local Omaha hospital. He was an employee of the V. P. ailroad Co. for the past 14 years. Mr. Perkins is survived by 2 daughters, Mrs. Mary f,ouige Stuart and Mrs. Mozctta Moore both of Omaha; 2 step-sons, Mel vin Essex and James Mansfield, Jr. both of Omaha; 2 brothers, Lawrence Lee Robinson and Cecil Perkins both of Omaha; and a very dear friend, Mrs. Janie Smith of Laramie, Wyoming. Funeral services tentatively arranged for Friday September 21, 1956 at 2:00 p.m. from th; Myers Brothers Funeral Home. Judge: Mike, do you realize that by leaving your wife you are a deserter? Mike: Judge, if you knew that woman like I do, you wouldn’t call me a deserter. I’m a refugee! Dr. Peale answered: “I am quite sure Heaven is completely unsegregated. The only division indicated seems to be that of the sheep from the goats, the good from the bad, and good and evil are no respecters of race. Don’t allow yourself to be bitter. An cient prejudice is rapidly crumb ling.’’ Jackson Re-elected To High Office Of Baptist Dr. J. H. Jackson was unanimously reelected as president of the National Baptist Convention, U S A., Inc. After his annual addresa in which he urged both major parties of the nation to “give the Neg roes of the south their ballot now." The prominent Church leader continued “Take away intimida tions, veiled threats and subterfuges. Tie not our legal future to the grim ghost of the dead past, and bury not our most sacred right in the somber shadows of our grandfathers' tombs. “If you give us our ballot, we won’t bother the federal govern ment about our rights as citizens. We’ll write laws in the statute books of the south guaranteeing our rights if we get our ballot. “Fill your statute books, if you will, with discriminatory laws, hang your Jim Crow signs in every railroad station, every public carrier, every hotel and every restaurant; but we will not believe you. Write the symbols of this unscientific dogma (white suprem acy) on the doorpost of every college and university, paint it on every street corner, and preach it from your sacred pulpits.. But be always aware we'll never believe it.” CUNNINGHAM VISITS SEATON Gian* I ilf In I, (apwMxan MMlNala U» Canfi.n htm Itt* Sacanal O iti.,1 ml N.tnaua, it pkla'atl aiifh lanaia-y ml III* irfa.iar !'•* Saatan Canninf haaa taalaoaal art#, taartan a»4 atha. tap A*aWttr«*»a« ••daft rfafi**« a <»«an* t»t* la Wathitagtaa. D. C. I - I Richard A. Wright Mr. Richard A. Wright, 50 years, 1559 North 19th Street, passed away Wednesday morning September 19th at a local hospit *1. Mr. Wright was an employee of Cudahy Packing Plant and had been a resident of Omaha nine years. He is survived by his wife, Mrs. Arzella Wr:«ht, two step daugh ters, Mrs. Geraldine Gilmer, of I Omaha, Mrs. Esther Mays, Kansas i City, Missouri, step son, Mr. Leon j ard Henson, U.S.A. Armed Forces' ;n Japan, sister, Mrs. Ruth Car ! michel, Kansas City, Missouri and! other relatives. The body is at Thomas Funeral Home. I - Docia Davis Mrs. Docia Davis, age 58 years, of 2627 Patrick Ave., expired Mon day, September 17, 1956 at her home. r She was an Omaha resident eight years. She is survived by her sister, Mrs. Lucille Rochell of Minifee, Arkansas; three brothers, P. D. Williamson of Minifee, Arkansas, Walter Williamson of Blackwell, Arkansas and Garfield Williamson j of Kansas City, Kansas; niece, Mrs. i Bessie Brookshire of Omaha; nep hew, Milton Rich of Omaha. Mrs. Davis was a member of | Cherokee Temple No. 223, I.B.P. , O.E. of W., Mrs. Blanche Davis, ! Daughter Ruler. i _ All Is Calm In Tennessee Here in Clinton, Tennessee, there is the manifestation of "a strange calm”; after the turbu , lent storm . . . following the ad mittance of Negro pupils to Clinton High School. The National Guard has been withdrawn, and extra policemen and sheriff’s deputies provides a force that officials believe could handle almost any situation. Ac tivities in the town are resuming their normal trend. However in a move to curb further outbreaks of violence in Clinton, the Board of Mayor and A 1 d e r m en passed ordinances placing a 7 p.m. curfew on all un der twenty-one’s, prohibiting use of loud-speakers without a permit; and banning outdoor public as sembly in the town.. It was em phasized that these ordinances are emergency measures and will be repealed or modified as soon ns the Board decides that the present emergency has passed. In detail - the curfew ordinance prohibits “persons under twenty one years of age to be on the streets, roads, sidewalks and pub lic thoroughfares of the Town of Clinton, Tennessee, or on any other premises .... other than where they reside, between 7 p.m. and 4 p.m. . . . However, it makes exceptions “in case of ill ness, injury, going to and from work, stores, friends’ homes, the movies, church services, school programmes and athletic events, or because of some special emer gency.” The ordinance stipulates that the burden of proof shall be upon the person accused of the violation. Each of the ordinances carries a $5 to $50 fine for each violation. The loudspeaker ordinance and the outdoor meeting ordinance are similar in that both require the issuance of a permit by the City Recorder, with approval of the Board, forty-eight hours in ad vance. The outdoor meeting or dinance describes such a meeting as “any group of people, consis ting of ten or more persons.” Exceptions to the provisions of both ordinances are "regular school meetings, programmes and athletic events; or regular church, lodge or civic club picnics, fairs i nd social gatherings. The public gathering further excepts “social leatherings held in the yard of a private home.” Further legal action has been instituted by the Tennessee Fed eration for Constitutional Govern ment in an effort to halt Integra lion of Clinton High School. The Federation asked the Tennessee Supreme Court to re-hear Its re quest for an injunction to halt the use of state funds in the operation of the sehool. The suit originally filed was denied on the Grounds that Che very action it was re quested to stop, were ordered by Federal Court Judge Robert L. Taylor of Knoxville. John Williams John Williams, age 65 years, of 3015 Pinkney St., expired Satur day, September 15, 1956 at a lo cal hospital. He was an Omaha resident 15 years and was a member of Nat Hunter Lodge No. 12, F. & A.M. Mr. Williams is survived by his wife, Mrs. Martha Williams of 0 maha; daughter, Johnnie Mae of Omaha; two brothers, Joe Woods of Creston, Oklahoma and B. E. Woods of St. Louis, Missouri. Funeral services tentatively ar ranged for Wednesday, September 19, 1956 at 2:00 p.m. from the Salem Baptist Church under aus pices of Nat Hunter Lodge No. 12, B. A. Austin, W.M. Myers Brothers Funeral Service. Negroes have Courage in Segregation Cleveland, Ohio, September 16 —The example of Negro children who went to school in spite of mob threats in Tenncosee and Kentucky "should answer once ■md for all the false contention that Negro parents and their chil dren are satisfied with the edu cation they are getting and do not want to take advantage of the Supreme Court school opinion,” it was asserted here today by Roy W Ikins, NAACP executive sec rtary. Mr. Wilkins spoke at a meeting opening the fall membership cam paign of the Cleveland NAACP branch. "Whenever children enroll in school in front of a mob, they surely want desegration,” he de clared. “These people exercised their rights in the teeth of mobs and under the escort of ^uns.” the NAACP official points?! out “The children dared to go to school in the face of threats of violence to their persons. They turned a deaf ear to insults ljurled at them, not only by those of their own age group, but by white adults. “They are the dignified heroes and heroines of this disgraceful business. Their white opponents wear the badge of shame before the world.” Mr. Wilkins extended praise al so to Tennessee 'and Kentucky governors, troop commanders, and white citizens and officials “for the maintenance of law and or der." “But it seems to me, he added, “that all hats should be off to the Negro parents and their children who had the courage and deter-1 mination ta enjoy their rights' under the law.” Joseph Musgrove — Joseph Musgrove, 55 years, 5119 South 26lh St. passed away Monday September 17th at a local hospital. The body is at the1 Thomas Funeral Home. __ Fill several galvanized steel | bails to make them easy to carry, pails with sand and scatter them j about the yard as ash trays for those informal yard parties. Guests will douse their cigarettes and cigars in the pails instead of littering the lawn with them. Law Expert Hails School Bias Ruling as 'Happy Lesson In Constitutional Dem'racy' “Maybe the country is in good shape, after all—a lot of people want to be president.” Chm. Hall Outlines GOP Campaign Chairman Leonard W. Hall has announced that the Republicans opened their campaign Wednesday evening, September 19th, with the first major television appearance of the President. Speaking from Washington at 9:30 p.m. (EDT), over a CBS network of 193 sta tions, the President will discuss the major issues of the campaign, and set the pace and policies for the intensive seven weeks to fol low. The President will follow this address with a second one on September 25th over the same network at 9:30 p.m. (EDT) from Peoria, Illinois. This address will j be on the administration’s ef forts in the farm program and its plans for the future. During this period, Vice Pres ident Richard M. Nixon will bo criss-crossing the country on his 15,000 airplane campaign, making j 30 appearances between the first one on September 18th at Wash ington, D. C. and the last one on October 3rd at Philadelphia, Pen nsylvania. On the next day, Octo ber 4th at 8:30 p.m. (EDT), over an NBC network of 191 stations Mr. Nixon will report to the na tion his findings throughout the country. Between the address by the President on September 25th ana Mr. Nixon’s report on October 4th, J another half-hour program has been scheduled over CBS on Octo- j ber 1st, the subject of which will | be announced. During the campaign, the Pres ident will make five or, six major television appearances, and the Vice President will appear on; several others. On October 15th at 9:25 p.m. (EDT) over NBC, President Eisen hower will introduce the first of a series of 5-minute telecasts by cabinet members and others, re- J viewing briefly the accomplish-' ments of the administration dur- j ing the past 3V£ years. Supporting the telecasts, ex-| tensive radio broadcasts will be used. Summing up, Mr. Hall said: "We hope in these half hour and five-minute appearances by re sponsible administration person alities and other notable citizens, to show the country just what the Republican administration has ac complished, and what it hopes to accomplish during the next four years. We hope all citizens— Republicans, Democrats, Indepen dents and especially the new vo ters will listen to these programs and make their voting choices. Whether they vote Republican or not, we are urging them to exer cise their rights as citizens to reg ister and vote.” How Maine Goes? By Richard L. Strout Staff Correspondent of The Christian Science Monitor Washington Two great contradictory forces are sweeping into the 1956 presi dential election making the possibility of an unexpectedly exciting race. On the one hand there is the extraordinary record of Democratic ; local, state, and congressional victories since 1952—an election itself incidentally which, while it gave President Eisenhower a big victory, actually gave Republican congressmen fewer votes than the total of all votes cast for Democratic congressmen. On the other hand, and counterbalancing this, there is President1 Eisenhower’s personal and unparalleled popularity. Polls show that it has hardly diminished in his four years in office. A political observer studying either of these two factors separate- ' ly and without connection with the other would come to the firm 1 conclusion (a) that the Democrats must win; and (b) that the Repub-1 licans must win! Now the conflict is raised to a higher point of interest and un j certainty by the Maine election. When all interpretations, modifications and qualifications are entered, the Maine election is calculated to give the Democrats en couragement. It also may be a blessing in disguise for the Republicans in dis pelling a mood of complacency and self-confidence which now ap pears to be uncertainly based. With all local qualifications noted, the fact remains that the re sult in Maine went far beyond what the Democrats hoped to get. It raises bigger and broader national political questions. Granted that President Eisenhower still retains his popularity as a hero-President, does this mean that he is not able to rub off his popularity upon members of his party? This is the question the Republican strate gists must face. • Yale Professor Tells Negro Bar Group Decision is Not Invasion of States’ Rights The Supreme Court decision on desegregation was called “a great and happy lesson in con stitutional democracy” yesterday J>y Louis H. Poliak, Professor of Law at Yale University. Professor Poliak told 200 dele gates to the National Bar Asso ciation convention that although the decision had come late it proposed to “correct our mis takes under the law.” The ass*" ciation, a society of Negro la\ yers, is holding its thirty-fin annual convention at the New Yorker Hotel. The meeting ends today. Professor Poliak said that ! criticism of the school desegre ! gation decision as an invasion of : states’ rights was the “least rele vant, most dangerous and most fraudulent attack” of the three major arguments raised against it. “Every law must operate on all alike,” he declared. “These rights were not states’ rights; they were states’ wrongs.” The two other principal criti cisms, he said, were that the i court was performing an act of usurpation by making a socio logical determination, and that it had abandoned the doctrine of stare decisis, that is, that it had gone counter to previous Su preme Court rulings. I' On the first point he said the ! decision was based on the find ; ing that "segregation itself was ! damaging to education and af fected the motivation to learn” As for the doctrine of change Professor Poliak said that earlier decisions did not have the broad base in public education used in the current one and that the j Constitution was subject to adaptation and improvement by the Supreme Court. He urged lawyers to “strength en the hand” of the local Federal District Court judges and the Supreme Court by emphasizing at every opportunity the validity and propriety of the Supreme Court’s decision. U. S. Judge Supports Stand Much the same position was taken last night at a dinner of the association by Charles E. Clark,Chief Judge of the United States Court of Appeals, Second District. He told the diners in the Terrace Room of the hotel that his duty, in an intermediate court, was to “administer the law as determined by the Su preme Court.” “I am indeed surprised that so usual, so ancient, co completely supported a principle is challeng ed,” he said in what he termed “informal remarks to brother law yers and associates representing the Federal bar.” The segregation decision, he added, has “no more legal signifi cance today than it had 100 years ago.” He said: “In spite of many problems and difficulties the ‘state of liberty’ is much better than it has been and shows steady improvement. At the time of the Brown decision (the Supreme Court’s 1954 ruling a gainst segregation in public schools) there were twenty-two states that recognized segrega tion. There are now only eight that do so officially." Judge Clark is former dean of the Yale University Law SchooL Presiding at the dinner was Judge Irvin C. Mollison of the United States Customs Court. Also included in the day ses sion was a discussion of the re ciprocal obligations of the com munity and the lawyer by Mrs. Ruth Whitehead Whaley, secre tary to the New York City Board of Estimate. Many of us arc slow on posting up on Einstein’s new theory be cause we haven’t got a clear idea of his first one. A western professor can help us in this respect. “When a man holds a pretty girl on his lap for an hour It seems like a minute. But when he sits on a hot stove for a min ute it seems like a hour . That’s relativity.” Clerk: "Could you raise my salary next week, sir?” Boss: “Well I've managed to do it for the past three years, so I think it will be possible next week."