16
THE NEBRASKA INDEPENDENT
FEBRUARY 19, 1903.
f& tTT
runs
SLAnLho &
SEMES
SPECIALISTS
IN : -
Nervous, Chronic
& Private Diseases
of MKN & TYUMEN.
WE CURE
ALL MEN'S
DISEASES
AND FiO PAY UNLESS CURED.
W guarantee to cure all curable cases of
the Noae.Throat, Chen. Stomach, Liver, Wood.
Skin and Kiducy Diseases, Lost Manhood,
Night Km ission, Hydrocele, Varicocele, Oon,
orrbea, Gleet, Piles. Fistula and fecial Ulcers
Diabetes and 1 right's Mkdw. $100.00 for a
caseof CATAltKIl, ltllUMA Jl'M, DYS
fKFNIAor ftirillLlS we caamot car, if
curahl.
IIOMF. TBKiTMENT BT MAIL.
Examination and consultation free. Call, or
address with Mump, P. (X Box 224.
Drs.-Searles & ScarlcslS.VtiLV
LINCOLN, NEBRASKA.
GREAT CROPS OF
STRAWBERRIES
AND HOW TO GROW THEM
The best took on stiawlerry giowing ever writ
ten. It ells how 10 grow the biggest crops of big
berries tver produced. The bock isa trent se on
Plant rh .-ioiocy and explains how to make
plants bir Higr l:rri d and l.i'tiuf lliriu,
The en y thorough1 red scientifically to own
ttiabriy Plant to be had for spring plain
ing. One ot them is wo'tb a doren common
scrub pants: They grow B I G RED BER
RIES. Ihe book i fent fiee to all readers ot
the 1.urasica IhwmDKNi. Send vour ad
dreto R. M KELLOGG,
THREE RIvEOS. MICH.
Uurrfu Trnnp onr! Dlonfc
g hgiuj 1 1 ceo asm i lauio.
": ' Complete Assortment
O of lit horts for the O
west, Including O
... . if. ,
so vermes oi Desi sirawDerncs.
1 8 varietfes of Raspberries.
q isuy direct and save aents proms, we
A pay freight oo$iu orders, bend for free
catalogue to
6 orth Itrnd Nursrlen, "North Itend,
J Dodge County, Neb.
t
zz
Trass That Grow
7 he best sad hardiest
varieties. See our prices.
Black Unit
Senium II
Illus
trated Cut-'
3lo?. r.armflnl
or tngiisn tree.
Carman Sunarisa
Carl Sonderee?er. Proo..
lot 21, ' Beatrice, Nth.
What
You
Can
Buy
, For
$1 00
FRUIT TREES
3 Apple trees, 3 feet.
3 1 each trees, 4 feet.
3 ( hen y trees, 3 feet.
6 ( urrants, 1 year.
25 best strawberry plants.
10 Afi arasus.
In i.ne jear Mulberry,
send lor catalogue at once.
Wttkcfieltl Nurseries,
V. akefield, ...... j-ebraska
It pays to sow Dwarf
Essex Rape which has
proved to be the most
valuablo forage plant tn ex-
Km louciito ur ouecp, noKi or
Kabi Cattle. Costs only about 35
cents per acre for seed: yields 20 tons ver Here. Our
seed was (crown In Essex, England, and ta extra choice.
Descriptive circular andaample freett you mention this
aper. Ask for copy of our large illustrated catalog of
arden and Karat 8eds. Free for the asking.
IOWA S2ES CCXfAXT, EES XQIKZS, lOJL
Trees
25 Grafted Apple Trees for ft
20 Budded Peach '1 fees for $1
50 Concord Grape Vines for ji
They are home grown, lvalthy and sure to
grew. Catalogue at d due till for 25c, free, ( .
r FAI R BURY NURSERIES.
Box 8. . Falrbury, Neb.
fruitTrees
SI.00
SO Concord, $1.00
1000 Mulberry, $1 00
50 Asparagus, 2 Sc.
.Immense Btock, fine quality, low price. Freight
' prepaid on $10.00 orders. Genera 1 catalogue free,
GAGE COUNTY NURSERIES, Beatrlca, ftebr., Box
Pure Bred Seed Corn.
v REID'S Yf: LLOW DENT.
- The corn that pays ih rent. The acknowlwlgwl
kin it of the corn belt. .- eloclrd, safe, sound seed,
6ent on approval in the car. Write today for de
scriptive circular of pure bred corn.
' - G. M. RICHARDSON,
Buffalo Vart. HI. - (Santramon Co.)
With Gur 1T I G fnder
any 8 or 10 foot V lud .. ill now
lumrlnir Tour wuer win KUn
crind all kinds of grain. A great
inncuine ai a Bargain to intro
duce. K.B. VPINGKIS
632 Kenwood Terrace, Chicago
Illinois- .
Money and the Taxing Power
BY VV. IL ASHBY.
All Rights Reserved. -
CHAPTER VIII.
Investigation convinces me that the
English word, "money," is of Anglo
Saxon origin and lia3 not the remot
est relation either to "Moneta" or to
any other coin factory. . . ; :
The oldest preserved form of this
word which I have been able to find
is, "mone' atid it was doubtless pro
nounced like m-o-a-n and had a sim
ilar origin. The word "mone," being
Anglo-Saxon, came with the : Indo
Germanic race and must have been
drawn from the same Aryan root out
of which the Greeks derived the word
."monos," meaning "single," "alone;"
and finally the word "monas," mean
ing "one," the Greek name for unity.
The English word "one"'is no more
widely separated from "mone" in
orthography than In the word "moan,"
which carries the implication of lone
liness. We have "moan," "lone," and
"mone," all implying separateness,
loneliness, singleness unity.
The Angles and Saxons had, like
every other people, a "mone" long
before they hada coin factory. They
must have possessed some sort of
rude standard of "mone" before they
settled in Britain. The name by
which they designated the device for
expressing quantity of the force of
demand was, it seems clear to be,
"mone." )
A device for expressing quantity of
demand consists of a standard unit
of quantity of that force symbolized
by a chosen term.' "Mone" was what
they called that unit. This pretended
derivation of "money" from "moneta"
violates all rules for the formation of
Latin derivatives. How did we get
rid of the letter "t" which is pre
served in all other words derived
from "moneta?" So then, the rea
son of the case, as well as the form
of the word, goes to prove that
"mone," in its origin, referred to a
unit and was derived from some an
cient Saxon or Angle word implying
unity. As the "standard of money"
is a unit or fixed quantity of the force
of demand, symbolized by a term, it is
clear that the word "mone" Is the
name properly applied to the device
for expressing quantity of the force of
demand, and has no reference to a
coin or to a coin factory; and is drawn
from the same root as the GreeC word
"monas," which means unit or one.
The English word "one" is produced
by simply dropping the "m" from
"mone" a variation no greater than
is required to form "lone" or "moan'
Every nation which has left a his
tory, and every nation at present en
gaged in making one, had and has as
its inheritance the competitive
system. Everywhere men have
struggled, and continue to struggle
against each other for the exclusive
possession of things endowed with
utility, called "wealth." And where
soever such struggle- is carried on un
der a system enforcing private own
ership and prohibiting violence, it
necessarily generates the force of de
mand which is by us translated by the
mental process of "valuation" or. "ap
praisal", into its equivalent of what
we apprehend as "value."
We have seen that in our dealings
with all other. modes of force, and
with the three dimensions of exten
sion in space, as well as with duration
in time, certain appliances have
been employed for the purpose of as
certaining quantity of each. In as
certaining quantity of weight, for ex
ample, some modification of the bal
ance is used, in which a heavy sub
stance, whose quantity of weight cor
responds with and is expressed by
the quantity of weight symbolized by
the standard unit, or some multiple
or fraction thereof, is placed upon
one arm; - while the substance, the
quantity of whose weight is to be
ascertained, is placed upon the other.
The yardstick, the thermometer, the
clock, the steam-gauge, and other ap
pliances are employed for a like pur
pose. ' ' ' ,
But the quantity of the "force of
demand is unique, in that no mechani
cal appliance can be employed to as
certain quantity of it This is be
cause of its highly complex nature,
and the only men? of ascertaining
the quantity of the force of demand
in any givn ca9e is to subject the
thing endowed with utility to the ac
tion of that force, at the given time
and place? and to make a mental
"valuation" or estimate of the quan
tity of the force of demand acting
upon It such "valuation" or estimate
being its quantity of "value."
Human appraisal or valuation is the
only appliance which can be employed
to ascertain the quantity of the force
of demand at any given time or place;
and human appraisal or valuation of
that force is what we mean by "value.""-
. : ..... ..
; Every people, governed by laws of
sufficient stability and power to re
strain the competitive struggle for ex
clusive possession of things endowed
with utility, within the rules and ar
ticles of legalized commerclar war, and
to prohibit violence, has without an
exception created the device for ex
pressing quantity of the force of de
mand, and has consequently, by cus-
lonr or law, "fixed a standard of
money."- It is not asserted that they
have manufactured 'eoin," which is
a different thing; but that they have
established a symbol standing for a
fixed quantity of that "valuation" or
"appraisal'-' of the quantity of the
force of demand, which we call "val
ue;" and that symbol is the standard
of money. - That symbol may be the
word "rouble," or "mark," or "franc,"
or "lire," or "mark," or . "dollar;"
but whatever. the name may be, it
Is always a term which stands as the
symbol of . the fixed quantity of the
force of demand, which has been
adopted a sthe standard unit; and the
symbol so chosen, in connection wit
the numerals to show how many times
it occurs in any given case, does it
self constitute the money standard
of the nation which adopts it And
thi3 fixed standard never exists ex
cept when arbitrarily adopted by
something of the nature of govern
ment t
The "money of the United States"
consists of the term "dollar," which
in April, 1792, either with er without
constitutional authority, ws chosen
by congress to stand as the symbol
of the fixed quantity pi the force of
demand selected as the "standard
unit;" and that symbol, with the nu
merals, constitutes the "money"
which congress was empowered by the
constitution to "co-'n" or sfamp; and
it is a high crime. punishaMe by im
prisonment for any one else to do
that act The "money" of thi conn
try i is therefore tbe term "dollar,"
which we use in connection with the
numerals to express quantity of the
force of demand; while a coin is al
ways a phvcjoai obt' :
When congress" uTic'erta1--es,to fix the
standard. of weierhts, it must be done
bv establishing a fivel snd?rd unit
of the force of gravitation, to be sym
bolized bv some chosn tarm, by the
use of which, asited bv the numerals,
quantity of the forcp of gravita
tion mav be expressed.
Whn a s'ada'-d rt linear exten
sion i to be fixed. H nvst be done by
establishing a standard unit of linear
extension, svmbolie'l bv the chosen
term. Whn the congress undertakes
to fix a standard of money, it must be
done by choosing a standard unit,
consisting of a fixed quantity of the
force of demand, which must be sym
bolized by the term chosen. The fact
that a standard of money exists in
any country is conclusive proof of the
existence there of the competitive sys
tem and the recognition of the right
of private ownership, together with
settled laws, and" orderly administra
tion of a government enforcing these
laws.
Nomads and savages have no
money. No people devoid of laws and
a stable government, or who repudiate
private ownership and the competi
tive system, ever had or could have
a "money." The stories of Marco
Polo and other ignorant travelers, and
incompetent, observers, concerning
naVed savages in Central Asia." on the
west coast of Africa, and in the wilds
of America, relating how among these
people feathers, shells, wampum, and
other articles were "used as money,"
are absurd therefore and show us up
on what flimsy foundations the cur
rent "science of monoy" rests. That
such silly and preposterous hearsays
are accepted and made the basis of
theories of money, by men pretend
ing to adopt the methods of modern
science, should excite astonishment.
Those things were not used as money;
they were ' commodities passing .in
trade among those people, having pow
er, to .serve them in some way.
" - (Continued next week.)
CATAKRII CANNOT BE CURED
with local applications, as they can
not reach the seat of -the -disease.
Catarrh is a blood or-constitutional
disease, and in order to cure it von
Catarrh Cure is taken internally, and
acts directly on the blood and mucous
surfaces. Hall's Catarrh Cure is not
a quack medicine. H- was prescribed
by one of the best physicians in thl3 '
country for years, and is a regular
prescription. It is composed . of the
best known . tonics known, combined
with the best blood purifiers, acting
J.' il XI mml
uii fuuy un iue mucuus suriaces. xas
, v.: x, . .
yciLCMi. uuuiuiuauuu vi me iwo III-
at j 1 , x j . . .
greuiems .13 wuat prouuees sucn won- -derful
results in curing Catarrh. Send
for testimonials free.
. 1 .T "ITTT7IXTI7I T ft. ' T .
I x t . IjUXii, ld JL Ub WW.. 1 1UUB..
Toledo, O.
Sold by druggists, price 75c.
Hall's Family Pills are the best.
Oars Lave stood the test of 50 years
. Bobd for Catalogue.
600 Acres. 13 Greenhouses. Established 1SS2.
PHOENIX MTRSEKT COMPANY,
. I960 Park Kloomlnston, Illinois.
81 BUSHELS PER ACRE
Produced by the strong limestone soil of Rose
land Place." 'Jhls corn Is sweet, sound, of th5
greatest nutritive capacity, making VZV.2 to 14 lbs.
of pork to the bushel, the pork bringing tic to 6Uc
In the home feed lots, which is f M to J5 per acre
for the corn product of l!02. Figure it yourself,
lou can buy the land for s.TOto IV) per acre. More
productive than the famous blue-grsg region of
heutucky. 'i he most nutritive grains and grasses
ever produced grow Mg on this strong limestone
soli, and you don t have to breathe the tioteajAr
north of latitude 41.
C08N NEVER FROST BITTEN.
30,000 irrres of the rich limestone soil in the
vicinity of Kimball, on which well cultivated farm
crops In any seasonable crop year will amount to
60 per cent, to 75 per cent, ot the present cost Ot the
farms; and corn is generally advanced far enough
to feed by August Land dry enough to crib by tep
t: inbcr 1, placing it eut of the reach of frost two
month? before frost coimsto this latitude, 'lho
prices or these fa nus a re certain to advance 300 per
cent, as soon a&oii wells are in operation Printed
defcriplion. 'iHUs.. HlBbAhU, Kimball, Kans.
Pure Bred feed Corn In the Ear. Leroy Ho
mines, Box C33, Martinsville, 111.
FREE SAMPLES OF
LLP uUriil
s
Send to the Nebraska Seed Farm
'and receive five of the best seed corn
camples on earth and my catalogue
free. Free samples of Oats and Seed
Potatoes. I have the Early Six
Weeks Ohio and the Late Ohio. My
Seed Corn, Oats and Potatoes will be
just as good as the samples. Address
all orders to
MIKE FLOOD,
Nebraska Seed Farm.
SEWARD, NEBR.
HONEST TREES -W
WH.W Gnfted Apples 4cea-h;
Ltud.leU Cherries lie each; Budded Peaches 4c each; '
good varieties; Concord Grapes $! er 100; 1000 Ash $1;
B.aiid H.lxicujt, HuHifta Mutbrrr Ac. Low prlca. higl) quality- Catalog frt.
Galbraith Nurseries, Box 35, Fairbury, Nebraska.
" Money in Poultry.
Our new 68-p. illustrated
book tells how to make it.
Alo how to feed, breed, grow and
market poultry for best results
Plana for houses, diseases, cures.
to kill lice, mites and gives many valu
able receipts. Illustrates and describes I
larsrost pure-bred poultry establishment
the country; quotes low prices on pure-bred.
town ana eggs, wanea to any address for 4c .
in stamps, f. puy , uox ', ucs Moines, la.
31
how mTS&a3fid2t9
Wra7.-iJM
ORFT PAY niGKEY
tor an incubator you
hare not tried, whenj
you can get the best,)
tiie Boyal Incubator, out
39days free trial. Itisentlre-!
ly automatic and certain lit I
reiuita. Trj ana. Catalans free. I
KOTat ISCEIUTOK CO..
Dent- i 'i Dm Hnt.M. I.m.
sfiMeSfiiwaMSBjBHHBiaflaarfBBaHBKBKasffe
mam
The Sure Hatch's Latest
An AlItDlrtfitip fliroof
w . Wj '-" x. u.vayi .
1 re?lJ latfr t h n t sn rrwi gqaq o n xr
pother improvement ever made
Ijtrated catalog and free trial offer.
I "SIIRLC UATPU iMPIIRl-rnR rr
(lay Center, Nsb.. or Columbus, Ohio
11 roii? U
J TRIAL L9
WE PAY FREIGHT
Burr Incubators and brood
ers have all the latest ira
provements self-regulating,
self-rentilating, perfectly au
tomatic, every one succeeds.
No night watching, because
it ha the five-inch double
wafer regulator. Thirty days
trial. Catalogue free.
Iturr Incubator Co.,
Box 42, Omalin.
TIFFANY'S Sure Death ta
Lice (Powder) sprinkled
In the nest keeps your
fowls free from lice. Sprinkle
hen and tho ltttlo chicks will
bare no lice. Tiffany 'sParagon
"Liquid" kills mites instantly.
Sprinkle bed for hogs, roosts
for fowls. Box powder for lit
tle turkeys and chicks post
paid 10c. We want agents.
THE TIFFANY CO.,
Lincoln, Neb
