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About Nebraska advertiser. (Brownville, Nemaha County, N.T. [Neb.]) 1856-1882 | View Entire Issue (Sept. 22, 1859)
rlJK ADVERTISER, - - JliaJIcy'a Ulock, Main Street, 37 E n S: $3 00 3 00 - I. A t Ki-tiiklAl .1 Al fit! Ttr "f , ipj the cah accoinpauie tiiC order, not in- r . .t t.Hid 1n ailvanco, 9 I V II ft I AS- V ! sir WW I THE ADYERTJSER; HATES OP AXVi:nTI3INO: Ay "Free to Form and Kesdlatc ALL their Domestic Institutions in their own way, subject only to the Constitution of the United States." . One square (10 Hues or les) one insertion, - luh dJitKual insertion, ------- Oue square, one niuulli, - - - - - . - - Uusiue Curd of til Hues or le, one yer, -uie (.'! ur.ni um yejr, - t;ie-half Column oue year, ------- O ic fourth Column one year, ------ One eighth Culuum one year, ------ one column six munttiD, ........ One half Column mi month, .--.'. One fourth Column six uiomh;i, ...... One eighth Column six niouthj, ..... Ke Col UDa three month, ....... Uae half Column three mootha. - . . . Ooe fourth Column three moor - - - . . Oieeihtb Column three month. - - - - . AanMUucintf candidates for ffl..e (In advance ) - 5! 09 0 t 2 5t - 6 CM I'H) 01) I'M i c :U ? :o w 8 o io a 13 (N On 6 CO VOL. IV. BE 0 WNVILLE, NEBRASKA, THURSDAY, SEPT. 22, 1859. ili'slNKSS- CARDS. - tt "a. JOHNSON, '.fPOBNEY AT LAW, AinriTOR IN CHANCERY AM) nral Estate A?;cnt, UCOWXVILLK, N. T, KKFEKNCES. n.,.W-m..1"r.M;BtroBc,fa. ,. s. l-ntly, n . ' . n.,- ri-nnn. III. ! 'n ( . .Mill' 'I " O I t : K Minister, " i LV . ur 1 1 r . p"VViirn',liroWnvillc'NV-T-0. F. '-;,kc' . 47-1 :T! MATHIEU hinet & Wagon-Haker c.-f.ft bet. Sixth and Seventh, !iikoxvxvii-i-i:;x.t. . . ...,r .-.l-im-t work ict ly cxcnitea. 1 M',.,f ..s' plows, etc., promptly l-ne. O. L. M'GAIIY. O. B. IIIlWETT. McGARY & HEWETT, Al lUnNtiS AT LAW AND SOLICITORS IJV CIUXCERY. Bnmnville, Nebraska. Will practice In the Courts of Nebraglca,aud North webi .Missouri. REFERENCES. Messrs. Crow, McCreary &. Co., SI. Louis, Mo. JunS McDONOUGH. & Onwmcntal Painter, GLA'.ir.R, 4c. Tiuoivvri.i.i:, x. t, r j,.r, C4:l i.e left at tl.e City Drugstore. -C5 ,. CHAR. F. IIOLLY. ( KINNEY & HOLLY, ATTORNEYS AT LAW, L, -. r"i0....rt-..tt!.iH Territory Cnllcc- b t;,;..,..rana Muri. WU1 .tten- j ,;; Uri'trawlle. V. S DUNDY, ATTOUNEY AT LAW. ARCIItB, UICII VJIDSON CO. If. T. -i ,.,. ... t!.o Mitral Courl? ol tl.e 2il J ii'licisl T,?, WM V.-l.i.sN.:KsQ.,r Nebraska City, .,...tr. .' the pro-edition of important Suits. i, oi-n-u " C. W. WHEELER, irchitect and Builder. Browiivlllo, T- I MISSlUKV TURNER, !!LL(NR AND DRESS MAKER. iiin Street, one door above Carscns Bank. liKOWXVILLK N. T. muh end Trimiaivgs always on hand. pJAMLW. GIBSON SLACK SMITH 'c iflJStrert.tietween Main Mid Nebraska, EHOWNVILLE, N.'T. ibis, Watciics & JcAYclry. i J. SCHITTZ Von'ii snipumceu thecitir.ens of Brownvlllc A iid ii. inity that he ha locati-J liimsOif In JsBrownvi le, aiulinteii'lr ieepinc a full assort. rH"f fvpirtlilni; in Kin lir.eof husiiies, which will r lew r cash, lie will alo Jo all kinds of ro of cliKkf, watches mU jew elry. All work war :;. v3nl81y Hon. James II. Hughs, lion. John K. Shcply, lion. JamesCraiK, Hon. Silus Woodson, Judge A. A. Ilradford, S. K. Nuckolls, Ksq., Kinney it lloliey, Nebraska City. Cheever Sweets Co., do J. Stcrtinir Morton do Brown 4. Bennett, Brownville 11. W. Knrnas do Brownville, N. T. Nov. 18, 1SC8. Do Do St. Joseph, Mo. Do Nebraska City, N. T. Do VIl21 CITY Iljf STORE. JOHN H. MAUN & CO., BROWXVILLE, jY. T. DEALERS IN Drugs; Hedicmes, CHEFolCALS, TOILET SOAPS, Fine Hair and Tooth Brushes, rmtroiKRY, fancy & toilet ARTICLES, Tobacco & Cigars, Pure Wines and Liquors for Medicinal Use. 5 Physicians' Prescriptions and Family Kccipca cari-fully compounded. All orders correctly answered. Every article war ranted Pennine and of thehrst quality. 3L.7- A G L' A' T for all leading Patent Medicine cf thedny. CITY TRUNK STOSE. r DR. D. GWIN, ! Having permanently located in IXOWNVILLE, NEBRASKA, ' tie pruotico cf Medicine and Surgery, ten- ! professional services to the afflicted. ! 'a unMain Street. no23v3 TENNER FERGUSON, rtoev and Counsellor BELLE YUE. NEBRASKA. GEORGE EDWARDS, A v m T" I f I III i '!LUain .Si, LitftojKtnnry 9r Holly' ojfice, X Nebraska City, M.T. v.nswliu contemplate building can he furnished ' !lgiih. Plant.. I.ecilication. for huitdinits ol f 'wi.rvarii.lv .f i.ivle. and the erection of the ''WWriniMidcd if desired. Prompt attention paid I ''Hhil.lri.n. .n- 011 . A. D. KIRK, UfswtrwiV xf our tlUUililf tit USIH, -4 Area! Xotarj- Iulillc. I R uo, II ichardson Co., JV". T. i iTaiticc in the Courts of nsistdSebraska,a p'iingand iScunett, Nebraska City. t Si HOLLADAY, M. D. i "-I'-tfi.Hy informs his friends in Brownville and " ( u .ioty tl.Mt he has resumed the practice of Nirine, Snrprcry, Obstetrics, . - ;f.i iv Ftrict attentu-n to his profession, to receive -"..cr,. i... ,atro iiiipe herclofore extended to him. In ! '"'ulirre it is possible, or expedient, a prescription . """ill ho done. Otilccat City Drug Store. fn-H, -59. 35. ly PSAINT JOSEPH MALE COLLBQE, ST. JOSEPH, MO. IAM CAMERON, A. M., Principal. '!! (irp.uiiced as a first clas Female Boardlnp . '' W-l. Xiimher limited to 125, including 25 'k ear cvnimenciur Urst Monday In v., '""r Catalogues, with full particulars, ad- , ""' iii.-iji.-.l. -t:1 t-hls:. v44tf l Y0VRM0YE1XD GO TO WM. T- DEN, m m m mm iioieca boots BrovnviUe, Y. T. ) J1 Knw HAND a larpe and well select Mr' , k ,,f B,H,t" n1 Shoes, Lady'a audGent.'s Iy-"-r ami Slip ''wandChildj lioie?ale and Kc'ail dcalcj-ia AND SHOES. ppers of every variety; also. t?'ili"r fl,r Cash or Produce than any other r'J-Mnited..- ! 'ci K4 Cil!l1 Price raid for Hides, Pelts ahd Fnrs, . ''ot md Shop Store. Cut Leather kept for Alt work warranted; orders kUe.Junc 2d, '59. CITY n9jf- BAKERY, bet Main and Atlantic, BROWNVILLE, comfort & tice. ir..u;'.vcK.n ... - ' e luvcr "rtll,le" Urownrllle and vicinity iZvT1'r,'1,ir'4 1. furn,-l Ckes, ar. "!e Ai'fHM,'W. iyu V C. COMPukT. JOSEPU TICK. FASSETT & CROSSMAIT, Manufacturers of Traveling & Packing cJLniHLTEJKr2ESLS , VALISES, CARPET BAGS, SfC. South West corner of Pine and 3d st s, Saint Louis, Mo. Te are now prepared to fill all orders i our line with promptness and on the the mott rcasouiihle terms. Our stock is larpe and complete and all of our own nisnnrartnrinir. Those in want of articles in our line, (wholesale or retail) will dowcll togive us a call he- fore purchasing elsewhere. Aahare of puhlic rtron- ageis solicited. nio-iy M'NUTT'S Celebrated Are an unequalled Tonic and Stomachu. a positeiv and palatable Remedy for general Debility, Dyt peptia, lot of Appetite and alldieae of the Digestive Organs. These Bitters are a sure Preventive of FEVER AND AGUE ! They are prepared from the purest materials by an old and eiperienccd Drupgmi, aim inereiorecan ve reueu on. THEY AID DIGESTION! Xlllil nil i;iuku jl ivh . Bygently ctccitinp the system into ahealthy action; are nla......t . .. Oii .G(a .Tlfl .1.40 fflVA ttlAt viHor tO the system thatisso essential tohealth. 53-A wineglass full maybe taken two or three times a day before eating. Prepared only by W, L. M'T ST. EorlsrBio, Oct. 2S, '53 IS-ly inoiv!V & cmxtoa7, PRODUCE DEALERS, Forwarding & Commission MERCHANTS, No. 78, North Levee, St. Louis, Mo. Orders for Groceries and Manufactured Articles accu rately filled at lowest possible rates. Consignment for sale ami re-shipment respectully solicited. Shipments of all kinds will he faithfully attended to. Heferrences : Messrs. G n Pea fc. Co St. Louis Birtlelt. McCotub &Co do Gilbert, Miles & Stannard do lion. V II Bnflington, Auditor State of Missouri J Q Harmon, Esq, Ciiro City, 111. . Messrs Molony, Bro's &.Co New Orleans, Louisiana J D Jackson. Esq., do do Messrs Hitikle.Uuild&Co, Cincinnati, O. K Hatnmar&Co do Brandell it Crawford Louisville, Ky. Woodruff &.Uuntington, Mobile, Ala. n. Billing, Esq., Ecardstown, 111. Ma) 13, 1S58 45-3 m Buchanan Life and General Insuranco Co., Office cor 2d and Julcsts., Ur. JOSEPH, MO. COAETERKn AT THK LAST SESSION OF THE VO. LEO Authorized Capitol $3,000,000. DIRECTORS: J. B.Jennings, I. B. Howard, J. A. Owen. Milton Rnnth.JohnColhoun.Johnll.Liker.P.W.n.Potteik, James Kay, N. J.lIcAhan,A. O. Mansfieer. J. ii. juus, i rei. X.R.McAshan, Scc'j. rS now ready to receive application for Life, Fire, xt .n hI Riverrisks. A cash return of 2 5 pee cent, will bo allowed on cargo premiums. Losser promptljadjusted,and the usual facilitiesgiycn to the patrons of the office. April 16th, lbil. t-oux J. W. BLISS, Collecting Agent, PERU, NEMAHA COUNTY, NEBRASKA TERRITORY. Particular attention paid to making collections for non-residents. Charges reasonable. References. It. TV. Frame. Wm. K. Pardee, E B Parker Lyford & Horn, Postmaster. Pern Probate Judge, Neb. City County Clerk, BrownUle Sonora. Mo. JAMES HOGAN. AND BLANK BOOK MANUFACTURER, Southeast cr. 2nd and Locust St'g. ST. LOUIS, MO. All kinds of Blank Books, made of the best paper, ruled to any pattern, and sewed In the new improved patent mod. LISBARIES PERIODICAXS. MUSIC&c, bound In any style, and at the shortest notice. Having been awarded the Premium at the last Me chanic's Fair, he feels condident In Insuring satisfaction to al I who ma v give him a call. July 22d, 1853. Irvn4 ISHALi RBAIS, ATTORNEY V$ LAW, . . REAL ESTATE AGENT, Falls City, RicHardsbn County, TJebraska! Mi l Kive prompt attenti n to all professional busi mrs intrusted to his care in 'Richardson and adjoining countii-c; alsu to the drawing ct deeds, pre-emption pa pers, kc.,c. . . i ! . . May 13, '&3 n43-m BROWNVILLE sw ii m m JESSE NOEL ITavin rented the interest of Lake and Enimcrson In the Brownville Steam Saw and Grist Milt, announce to lo the public that he is prepared fo accommodate the citizens of Brownville and Nemaha County with a su perior quality of lumber of all kinds. Also with the Grist At ill. to nerve all in that line. The market price at all times paid for Lors and Corn The old bn.Muc s of Noel, Lke ts. Kinmerson will be settled by Uenry Luke. All future business conducted by the underpinned. JJSSK NOEL. Brownville, April 7th, 1859. ly UHIOlf HALL, BKOIVAYILILE, IV. T. iAIORRISON & SiMITH, ANNOUNCE to the public that they have opened a Billiard Room and Saloon in the old Nemaha Valley Bank Buildine. Brownville. Nebraska, where lovers of the interest ins came of Bil liards cau be accommodated in a style, they trust will be satisfactory to all who may patronize them. Our Liquors, Are all pure and of the choicest brands. The famous Tippecanoe Ale The best made is kept constantly on hand at this es tablishment. R. MORRISON, no44-ly J. Q. A. SMITH. FRANKLIN TYPE & STEREOTYPE FOUNDRY No. 163 Vine St., bet. Fourth ana Fifth. Cincinnati, 0. C. F. O'DKISCOLf & CO Manufacturers and dealers in News, Hook and Job Type,Priuting Treases, Cases, Uallies, Ac, Ac. Inks, and Printing Material of Every Description, STEREOTYPING of allkind Books.il usie. PatentModicineDirections.Jobs.Wood EnireviDir?. Ac, rfc. Brand and Pattern Letters, various styles, G I'KAKK OolLLV. 8 S SOUTHARD, JR G0ULEY $ CO., (Late Randall, Gonley, & Co.,) Conimission Merchants, CORNER OF VINE AND COMMERCIAL STS. AMI) Number 54, North Levee, St. Louis, Missouri, GENERAL FORWARDERS, EAST ST. LOUIS, ILLS., "Patent Metallic Keg" Agency for DuPont.s Gunpowder. ALSO Agents jor Cropper Sf Co' Unadulterated Liquors. ' Jly7.h, 1859. NEW BOOT & SHOE First Street opposite Recorder's Office, BROWNVILLE, N. T. TIIE subscriber would respectfully inform the citizens of Brownville, and vicinity, that he has located here for the purpose of manufacturing Boots and Shoea to order. All persona in waut of a superior article will do w ell to call and leave their measure- Repairing promptly and neatlydone. E. GREEN1. Brownville, July 7, 1853. vnl-tf O. H. WILCOX. T. W. DEDOR It WILCOX & BEDFORD, PKALKRS IM LAND WARRANTS, AND EASTERN EXCHANGE, Hr-oxTirxiL-vrillo, TU". Land Warrants Loaned on Time W From One Month to Ten Years, Land Warrants Loaned to Pre-emptors; Taxes Paid; Collections made; Real Estate Boueht and Sold ; Lands Located; and safe Investments made for Eastern Cap italists. All Land Warrants sold by us arc guarantcd pcrfoct in all respects, REFERENCES. Reclsterand Receiver of Land Officeat Brownville, NTi Register and Receiver of Land Office at Nebraska City! RegiMer and Receiver ot Laud Ofilee at Omaha, X. T. Sanine! W. Black, Governor of Nebraska, Russell Majors & Waddell. Government Transporters, Kansas and Nebraska; E. K. Willard & Young. Bankers, Chica go; K. Granger Adams, Banker, Chicano; Taylor Bro's, 76 Wall street X. V. City. Thompson Bro's. No 2 Wall street X Y City, Hon Alfred Gilmore, Philadelphia, Pa.; W. S Grant, President Gardiner Bank, Maine; W. M. Coukey, President Hank of Chenango, X. Y.; Crane fc. Hill Brownville, Nebraska. The Land Sales take place in Nebraska in Jnly, Au gust and September, when some of the choicest lands in the L'uited States will beoflered for sale, and afterwards subject to private entry with Gold or Land Warrants. Brownville, X. T., July 14, 1859. no 1 6m PRINCE & CO.'S IMPROVED MELODEONS, WITH DIVIDED SlVEEl, The Dett-Toncd Heed Instrument in the world. Iiist of Prices : Four Octave Melodeon $45 00 Four-and-half Octave Melodeon 60 00 Five Octave Melodeon 75 00 Five Octave Melodeon, Piano Case, Four stops $100 00 Five Octave Melodeon. double reed, portablccase 130 00 Sis Octave Melodeon, Tiano Case 130 00 Five Octave Melodeon, Piano Case, double reed 150 00 Five Octave Melodeon, Double Banks,four stops 200 00 The Organ Melodeon. five sets Reeds, two Banks Keys and Pedal Bat-a 350 00 First Premium awarded wherever exhibited. Illus trated price circulajs sent by mail. Orders Promptly Filled By GEO. A. PRINCE & CO., Butlalo, X. Y. GEO. A. PRINCE At CO., 110 Lake St., Chicago, III. GEO. A. PRINCE & CO., 87 Fulton st. X. Y. City. July 7th, 1869. FEUIT TREES. ORNAMENTAL TREES. Shrubs, Roses, Vines, Plants, etc. UILLS is. CO., Agents for 1. Fahnestock & Sons.. TOLEDO NURSERIES, ARE now canvassing Nemaha and Richardson counties, Kebraska; and Atchison county, Missouri; receiving orders for Trait Trees, Shrubs, Vinas, Evergreens, lie., &c. They call the attention of Farmera and others de sireing anything in their line to the advantages of pur chasing supplies at their Nursery. The atock ts com plete and prices as favorable aa that of any other Nur jery anywhere, and all warranted to be as represented. order can also be left at U9 Adtertiter office Brown- vllJeVK-?. '" 1 x 'July 7th, lb5?. S. V. Hazcltine & Co., 171. Walnut Street, Jirtt door below Gibtxfn Route, CIXCIXttATI, Dealers in Seds, Trees, Shrubs. Roses, Bedding Plants. Cut Flowers, Agricultural Implements, Green audEiiel Fruits, &e. Tlnl Miscellaneons. Earlj History of Saw-Mills. In early periods, tne trunks of trees were split with wedges into as many and as jinn pieces as possible, and if it was necessary to have them still thinner, they were hewn on both sides to the proper size. This simple and wasteful manner of making boards has still been continued in Russia to the present time. Peter the Great tried to put a stop to it by forbid ding hewn boards to be transported on the river Neva. The sctv,' however, though so convenient and beneficial, has not been able to banish entirely tho practice of splitting timber used in roofing, or in making furniture and utensils; and, in deed, it must be allowed that this method is attended with peculiar advantages, which that of sawing never can possess. The wood-splitters perforin their work more expeditiously than sawyers, and split timber is much stronger than that which has been sawn; for the fissure follows the grain of the wood, and leaves it whole ; whereas, the saw proceeding in the line chalked out for it, it divides the fibers, and by these means lessens its co hesion and solidity. Split timber, indeed, often turns out crooked and warped ; but in many purposes to which it is applied, this is not prejudicial, and such faults may sometimes be amended. As the fibers, however, retain their natural strength and direction, thin boards particularly can be bent much better. This is a great ad vantage in making pipe-staves, or sieve- frames, which requiro still more art, and in forming various implements of the like kind. Our common saw, which needs only to be guided by the hand of the workman, however simple it may be, was not known to the inhabitants of America when they were subdued by the Europeans. The saws of the Grecian carpenters had the same form, and were made in the like ingenious manner as ours are at present. . This is fully shown by a paint ing still preserved among the antiquities of Herculanum. Two genu are repres ented at the end of a bench, which con sists of a long table that rests upon two four-footed stools. The piece of wood which has to be sawn through is secured by cramps. The saw with which the genii are at work has a perfect resemblance to our frame saw. It consists of a square frame, having in the middle a blade, the teeth of which stand perpendicular to the plane of the frame. -The piece of wood which is to be sawn extends beyond the end of the bench, and one of the work men appears standing, and the other sit ting on the ground. The arras, in which the blade is fastened, have the same form as that given to them at present. Jn the bench are seen holes, in which the cramps that hold the timber are stuck. They are shaped like the figure 7, and the ends of them reach below the boards that form the top of it. The French call a cramp of this kind un valet. The most beneficial and ingenious im provement of this instrument was, with out doubt, the invention of saw-mills, which are driven either by water, wind, of by steam. Mills of the first kind were erected as early as the fourth century, m Germany, on the small river lloer, or Ruer; for though Ausomus speaks pro perly of water-mills for cutting stone, and not timber, it cannot be uoubtea mat these were invented later than mills for manufacturing boards, or that both kinds were erected at the same time. The art, however, of cutting marble with a saw is very old. Pliny conjectures that it was invented in Caria ; at least, he knew no building incrusted with marble of greater antiquity than the palace of King Mauso lus, at Harlicarnassus. The edifice is cel ebrated by Vitruvius for the beauty of its marble, and Pliny gives an account of the ditferent kinds of sand used for cutting it; for it is the sand properly, says he, and not the saw, which produces this effect. The latter presses down the former, and rubs it against the marble, and the coars er the sand is, the longer will be the time required to polish the marble which has been cut by it. Stones of the soap-rock kind, which are indeed softer than marble and which would require less force than wood, were tawn at that period ; but it appears that the far harder glassy kinds of stone were sawn then also, for we are told of the discovery of a building which was encrusted with cut agate, cornelian, lapislazuli, and amethysts. There is, found no account in any of the Greek or Roman writers of a mill for sawing wood, and as the writers of modern times speak of saw-mills as new and uncommon, it would seem that the oldest construction of them has been forgotten, or that some improvement has made them appear enti rely new. When the Infant Henry sent settlers to the island of Madeira, which was dis covered in 1420, and caused European fruits of every kind to be carried thither, he ordered saw-mills to be erected also, for the purpose of sawing into boards, the various species of excellent timber with which the island abounded, and which were afterwards transported to Portugal. About the year 1427 the city of Breslau had a saw-mill, which produced a yearly rent of three marks, and in 1490 the magistrates of Erfurt purchased a forest, in which they caused a saw-mill to be erected, and they rented another mill in fb.s nejgbJborhood . besides. Norway, wfiich is" covered with forests, had the first' saw-mill about the year 1530. This mode of manufacturing timber was called the new art ; and because the exportation of boards was by these means increased, that circumstance gave occasion to the deal tythe, introduced bp Christian III, in the year 1545. Soon after, the celebrated Henry Ranzau caused the first mill of this kind to be built in Holstcin. In 15512 there was a saw-mill at Joachirasthal, which as we are told, belonged to Jacob Geusen, mathematician. In the year 1555 the 13ishop of Ely, ambassador from Queen Mry of England to the court of Rome, having seen a saw-mill in the neighborhood of Lyons, the writer of his travels thought it worthy of description. In the sixteenth century, however, there were mills with different saw-blades, by which a plank could be cut into several boards at the same time. Tighius saw one of these, in 1575, on the Danube, rif-ar llatisbon, when he accompanied Charles, prince of Juliers and Cleves, on his travels. It may here be asked wheth er the Dutch had such mills first, as is commonly believed. The first saw-mill was erected in Holland, at Saardam, in the year 1595, and the invention of it is ascribed to Cornelius Cornelissen, but he is as little the inventor as the mathemati cian of Joachimsthal. Perhaps he was the first person who built a saw-mill at that place, which is a village of great trade, and has still a great many saw mills, though the number of them is be coming daily less, for within the last 30 years a hundrrd have been given up. The first mill of this kind in Sweden was erected in the year 1653. In England saw-mills had at first the same fate that printing had in Turkey. V hen attempts were made to introduce them, they were violently opposed, be cause it was apprehended that the saw yers would be deprived by them of their means of getting a subsistence. For this reason it was found necessary to abandon a saw-mill erected by a Dutchman near London, in 1GG3; and in the year 100, when one Houghton laid before the na tion the advantages of such a mill, he expressed his apprehension that it might excite the rage of the populace. What he dreaded was actually the case in 1767 or 176S, when an opulent timber mer chant, by the desire and approbation of the Society of Arts, caused a saw-mill, driven by the wind, to be erected at Lime- house, under the direction of James Stan- field, who had learned in Holland and Norway the art of constructing and man aging machines of that kind. A mob as sembled and pulled the mill to pieces, but the damage was made good by the nation, and some of the rioters were punished. A new mill was afterwards erected, which was suffered to work without mol estation, and which gave occasion to the erection of others. It appears, however, that this was not the only mill of the kind in Great Britain, for one driven also by wind had been built atLeith, in Scotland, some years before. The application of the steam-engine has in modern times almost entirely dis placed the use of either water or wind us the source of power in machinery, in England, as most of the saw-mills now in action, especially those on a large scale, are worked by steam. Beckmann's His tory. Dress for a Country Girl. In the Ohio Cultivator for June 1st, there is an article by a Tennessee girl upon the dress of country girls. The writer recommends ascrtof peasant garb, very simple, comfortable and pretty, for those who are so fortunate as to live with out the pale of Miss Flora McFIimsey's fashionable circle in the free, glad, blessed air of the country,- where people can consult their own comfort without in terfering with their neighbor's tastes. After reading the above mentioned article, I filled with a desire to sit down and chat awhile lo the Cultivator Girls, and to tell them some of my ideas about this im portant matter of dress. But I am a busy little body, (don't leave out that little, now !) and have so many cares and duties to look after in my family, that I cannot always enjoy a pen-talk when I wish. I am seated at last, however, after a hard day's work, and as the little folks are quietly floating out upon the waves of sleep, I fancy we will have a cozy little time all to ourselves. So dear girls, don't make a stranger cf me, but let me come into your circle and be one of you, while we freely express our opinions, and chat familiarly together. If you could have seen me in my short dress aud pantalets to-day, as I officiated as laundress, dary woman, and housekeep er in general, you would have been con vinced that I put the theory I am about to lay before you, into practice; so don't hoot at the idea of my discoursing upon the dress-reform question, because I ap pear to you this evening in long skirts, crinoline, and other cityfied parophernalia. I will tell you what I think. I believe in dressing according to circumstances. If we wish to "brush the dew from the grass" in a reaming ramble, let it be done with good thick shoes, warm stockings, and skirts short enough to allow us a country girl's privilege of romping and frolicing at our will. If we have morn ing work in the kitchen or milk-room, if it is washing, baking or cleaning day, do let us be independent enough to lay aside the troublesome trails and awkward hoops, and appear upon the scene of action properly equipped for the performance of our duties, in a neat, prompt and comfort able jnanner. Just so, if we are going to the woods or a berrying, nutting or bota nizing excursion, or to the river fishing, let us go prepared to enjoy ourselves in a comfortable garb, that shall not be in the way as we clamber among the rocks. wanner through the brush and briars, or wane into the stream. But in the afternoon, rrirls. whpn tTi kitchen work is all done, the dinner dishes washed, and we prepared ourselves for an nour or two s sewing before tea, I am sure we look better in our own mirror, as well as to father and the boys, to don the lady like dress, not too long, but reaching to the slipper toe, and expanded to a mode rate size. A wreath about the head is tLb riretticst ornament we can wear, aud, with a neat collar, a black silk apron, and a bit of work in your hand, vou annear trim. graceful, industrious and pretty; while, with your peasant garb in the afternoon sitting room, you would seem the same country hoyden who romped through the meaaows, or scrubbed the back poarch in the morning; Just so with children. When about their morninfr r-lav. littln girls are more comfortable, and better prepared for a vigorous exercise of the muscles, and contact with that horror of fastidious mothers, "dirt" if th.v are clad in a pair of little brothers out-grown panties, or a pair of dark colored drawers, "run up" for the occasion, than they can be in their pretty pink or white dresses and embroidered aprons, in which thev look so sweetly afternoons. Uur Dannie a healthv. chubbv net of three years was about all the morning dressed in a suit of Master Charlie's cast oft clothes ; and although she looks a littte rough, she enjoys clambering up and down the steps, or over the wood pile, and revels among her "dirt pies" with a gusto seldom ever experienced by children kept in constant fear of soiling their clothes. After dinner, every day, she is bathed and sent into the cool, dark parlor, where, with a cushion for a pillow, she enjoys such a refreshing nap upon the lloor as only a healthy child, wearied with play, knows of, and, upon awaking, she i3 dressed for the afternoon, and you would scarcely recognize her in her low-necked, short-sleeved dress, and pretty apron, em broidered pantalets and hooped skirt. Don't run and hide, girls, when some of your village beaux happen around at the back door of a morning, lo grind a scythe, or borrow a rake. Never fear their dislike for a "bloomer." If they are sensible young men, they will readily ad mit the propriety of your working dress ; and when, after the labors of -the day are over, and the knock at the parlor door, and make their best bow, as they present them selves for an evening call in'Sunday fixins,' they will admire you the more in your taste ful attire, for having seen you adapt your self so easily to circumstances. 0. Cul. Keeping Potatoes in Winter. Potatoes spoil in winter, if buried, for three causes. First and greatest, want of ventilation. Secondly, and nearly al lied, dampness. Thirdly, and more rare, freezing. Farmers find most of their potatoes spoiled at the top of the heap, where they suppose they became frozen ; but this is not the usual cause; the damp, foul steamy air ascended there, and could not escape, and this spoiled them. A hole made in the top, with a crowbar, and closed with a wisp of straw, would have allowed egress to the confined air, and saved the potatoes. The best way to secure potatoes out doors, is to make large heaps, say 50 or 60 bushels; see that they are dry and clean, by digging before wet weather comes on ; cover them all over with one foot of pached straw, and three inches of earth. The straw will prevent dampness, and the few inches of earth will favor ventilation. A farmer who raises many potatoes, and practices this mode, does not lose a peck, on an average, in 50 bushels. Lightning Rods. As we have inquiries almost every week about putting up lightning rods, we will therefore rrive a eeneral answer to all who are in pursuit of such information. In putting apa rod, care must be observed to have all the ioiuts perfectly connected : for it has frequently happened that the lightning has passed from illjointed rods a w 1 into buildings. Ihe rod should be clamped to the buildine with brackets of varnished o dry wood or glass insulators, and its lower end should always be carried down into damp soil. Care must be exercisd that no masses of metal in the building be sit uated near the conductor, because if such a mass be greater than that of the rod, the lightning is liable to pas3 from the latter to the former. The point of the conductor should be carried about four or five feet above the highest chimney, and if it is of iron, it should be one-half an inch in diameter for a building 40 feet high. Scientific American. Domestic Receipts. A hot shovel held over varnished furni ture will take out the white spots. If you are buying a carpet for durabil ity, choose small figures. Scotch snufl put on holes where crickets come out, will destroy them. Half a cranberry bound on a corn will soon kill it. Brown Bread Biscuit. Two quarts of Indian meal, a pint and a half of rye, one cup of flour, two spoonsful of yeast, and a table spoonful of molasses. The yeast should be quite sweet. Let it rise over night. To Mend Broken China, Take a very thick solution of gum Arabic in water, and stir into plaster cf Paris until the mixture becomes a viscous paste. Apply it with a brush to the fractured " ""-3 NO. 11. edges, and stick them together. In three da)Ts the article cannot be broken in the same place. The whiteness of the cement renders it doubly valuable. Anotiier. With a small camel-hair brush, rub the broken edges with a little carriage-oil varnish, and if neatly put together, the fracture will harden imme diately. Stones Under Frnlt Trees. While on a visit at Cape Cod, a year or two since,' my attention was called to an orchard of apple trees. Tho owner was a retired sea captain, who, in early lifo; planted the trees, that he might cat the fruit when on the "retired list." At the time of planting out the. trees, he secured the services of an old Scotch gardttor. The trees were heeled in, the location for planting staked out, and then came the instructions of the owner, as he was obliged to absent himself for a while. "If it takes you two days to plant each tree, I wish it well done." The gardener went to work, digging large holes, sufficient to dump in loads of stones from a tip-cart, and on the return of the proprietor he had only set out four trees. Though he had done his wor.c well, as the sequel will how, the capiaiu thought he had played "suldier," and dis charged him. The balance were set out as trees sometimes are, (where the blame is laid to the nurserymen,) and uow, after forty years, those four trees morl: fruit than all the remainder. Rural YlvJ Yorker. . How to Fatten Chickens. It is hopeless to attempt to fatten chickens while they are at liberty. They must be put in a proper coop; and thi, like most other poultry appurtenances, need not lo expensive. To fatten twelve fowls, a coop must be three feet Ion;., eighteen inches high, and eighteen inches deep, made entirely of bars. No part of it solid neithpr tnr. nnr rinmim.-. Discretion must be used according to the' size of the chickens put up. They do not want room ; indeed, the closer the better provided they can all stand up at the same time. Care must be taken to put up such as have been accustomed to be together, or they will fight. If one be quarrelsome, it is better to remove it at once ; as, like other bad examples, it soon finds imitators. A diseased chicken shoub) not be put up. The food should be ground oats, and may either be put in a trough or on a fiat board running along the front of the coop. It may be mixed with water or milk ; the latter is better. It should be well slacked, forming a pulp as loose as can be, pro vided it does not run ofF the board. They must be well fed three or four times a day the first time as soon after daybreak a possible or convenient, and then at inter vals of four hours. Each meal should be as much and no more than they can eat up clean. When they have done feeding, the board should be wiped, and some gravel may be spread. It causes them to feed and thrive. After a fortnight of this treatment, yoil will have good fat fowls.. If, however. there are but four to six to be fattened, they must not have so much room though there were twelve. Nothing i easier than to allot them the proper spacei it is only necessary to have two or three pieces of wood to pass between the bars, and form a partition. This may also sene whe.i fowls are put up at different de grees of fatness. This requires attention, or fowls will not keep fat and healthy. As soon as the fowl is sufficiently fattened it must be killed, otherwise it will still get fat, but it will lose flesh. If fowls are intended for the market, of course they' are or may be all fattened at once ; but is for home consumption, it is better to put them up at such intervals as will suit the time when they are required for the table. When the time arrives for killing, whether they are meant for market or otherwise,, they should be fasted, without food or water, for twelve or fifteen hours. This enables them to be kept some time after beinc: killed, even in hot weather. -Lor.-don Cottage Gardner. An experienced farmer says, "I find by churning the milk separate, that 071? of my best cows will make as much butter' a three of my poorest cows, giving the same quantity of milk." Cattle standing in cold muddy yard.-t, exposed to the .weather, consume about twice as much as those in sheltered stable; kept clean and littered, and free from, the accumulations of manure. To remove rust from knives, cover thetn with sweet oil, well rubbed on, and after .1 .1- l -cr i iwo uays, taice aiumpoi iresa nine, atu. rub till all the rust disappears. It form, a sort of soap with the oil, which carrier off all the rust. T'U t J e 1 : iucic aic rciciat gouu ways ui Keeping cabbages during winter by burying ; them out of doors. The difficulty i3, it 13 hard to get at them during winter, without daja age to those left. The following pha ap pears to avoid this difficulty : Cut the heaeS from the stump, and pack closely in u. sack, taking car3 to fill up all the vacan cies with chaff or bran, and keep in a dry cellar. Some afternoon, when you think every thing will be killed with frost at night f pull up your vines that are loaded xtiui green tomatoes, and hang them in th3 cellar; thej will ripen oil" finely. I lock some front my cellar last Christmas day, that were gry nice. I
