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About Nebraska advertiser. (Brownville, Nemaha County, N.T. [Neb.]) 1856-1882 | View Entire Issue (Sept. 29, 1859)
i jHE" ADVERTISER, siu 0 KVKRr THUKSDAY BY . if . ( J jjoadley's Block, Main Street ,T " ri,J in Jvanfe - - - - $2 fornf- .. ,r raid at the end of 6 month 2 ' . 12 .' 3 00 60 " "' i- .r m"C iH be 'ur"i!,LC1 8t 66 Pcr f'"M .led the cash accompanies the otUcr, not 4if Ay II r I 1.1 f I I 1 f I I yyy (K V if r Ay Ay Ay Ay Ay THE 'ADVERTISER,' RATES OF ADVERT13Ira.' "Free to Form and Regulate ALL their Domestic .'Institutions In their own way, subject only to the Constitution of the United States." One square (19 line or le) one insertion, Kach adJitiouai u.sertKU, ------ One square, ore 1101th. - - - '- - -l.usiiicss C.ir! uf lt Into or lev, one rear, C'tic Cvlu;nii .)e y;jr, tuie-half Column ne year, - - - - Out fourth (.liumi one year, - - - One eighth Column one year, - -One culumn six months, - - - - - One half Column it month. -'- - -One fourth Coluun six month., - - i - one eighi h Ci-lnmn six io.,n:t-.-i, - - j fine Column three months, fine hair Coiuiua thrte iuuiuls, - -One fourth Column threeniui.tl.s, - -Oao eighth Column thive in. iift;. - - -Announcing candidate!? fvr iiike (ia ailvsi.i c, ) - - $1 C o 5y ir o 5 to oo 73 oo 2') i t is oo 13 Mi M no to ! h to JO CO U CO 4 0 I! Ml $ OO VOL. IV. BROWNVILLE, NEBRASKA, . THURSDAY, SEPT. 29, 1859. NO. 12. rlN'KSS' 0 AltDS. iTTORNEY at law, .lUCrrOK IN CHANCERY A.' Ileal iMate Agent, jjftOWXVILLE, 5T. T. REKERNCtS. " fl,B.V-m.-Icui.,Montro8,ra. ,Vr C M'!lcr. Chicago, 111. Jwin- K Fowler, " . " D. L. M'OARV. O. B. HKWITI, McQARY & HEWETT, ATTORNEYS AT LAW 47-lj -i a rfTTTTTT Cabinet' & Wagon-IIaker v.ot Sixth imd Seventh. 'iminvxviLix.T. .v. ..t.,f cihinet work neatly executed. J,nuC -r wag-na-Haw, etc., promptly done. Will practice ia the Courts of Nebraska, and North west Missouri. REFERENCES. Messrs. Crow, McCrcary &Co., St. Louis, Mo. lion. Jarne M. Hughs, - - Vo lion. John R. Steply, - Do Hon. James Craig, - - St. Joseph, Mo. lion. SllusVoouson, - - Do Judge A. A. Bradford, Nebraska City, N. T. S. i'. Nuckolls, Esq., - Do Kinney &. notley, Nebraska City. Cheever Sweetit Co., do J. Sterling Morton do Brown t Bennett, Brownville R. W. Furnas do Brownville, N. T. Nov. 18, 1S5S. Vn21 miiv McDONOUGIL rr Si"n, &' Ornamental 'Piiintcr, (J L.A -IL-ri, 9C- jj. raorcan belert at the City Drug Store. 3 CH AS. F. DOLLY. "ES KINNEY Sc HOLLY, ATTORNEYS AT LAW, V' V li ;iue" .ttended to throughout N : ;:-vr;: -a and Missouri. Will .t,d the t Brt.wiiviile. E. S. DUNDY, ATTORNEY AT LAW, ARCHER, RICHARDSON CO. N. T. ril 1 practice in the several Courts of the id Judicil ""''I7'1 ' . t,rt r.nnortod With the ; '"J M l n x KMoy Nebraska City, I ' ;l;,;on of ...portant Suits. y,t. 10. "51-ll-tt - "c. V. WHEELER, lichitcct and Builder. Brownvillo, 3NT. T. VSS MAIIY TURNER, !I!LLIHER AND DRESS MAKER. Miin Street, one daor above Cnrsons Bank. UKOWNVII.l.i: N. T. faxctis tnj Tf minings always on nana. " J A MRS W. "(illisON, (BLACKSMITH SunJ Streft. between Mainancl ellaka, vf.KOWNVILLE, N. T. ! (locks, Watches & Jewelry. J. SCIIITTZ 1 Weill! snu mnceto Checlti7.ei! i.f Brownville L uti'l vi.iintv that be Ijhs located himself in : aVJiBrownville, andintends keepinp a full assort. -tua .-i everjtUitiK in his tin of business, which will !(!,. f.,r i a-U. HewillaUod. all kinds of re ; a-.i,cuf tlods. m-atLhes ii.d Jewelry. AH work war- i:.'M. I). GWIN, Having pormanenllv located in fiROWXYlLLE, NEBRASKA, f.ir tlm .ri..f io r Xtr.riiflnn nml Snrferv. ten- his professional services to the amietcd. on Vain Street. noJ.JvJ FENNER FERGUSON, Attorney and Counsellor 3L"t Law, BELLE VUE, NEBRASKA. GEORGE EDWARDS, x. H u i wx" a-. -i. WcX-.Wain .S, Eattot Kinney ir llollx't ojict, r-l-teMpiiK puns, Si.(K4tb-ations.6.c.. for buildingsoi orvarietv .f ftyle. and the erection of the Jien erinteBded if aasireu. ul"i" Lllu""" Mtiesi, from Cirdance. A. D. KIRK, Utorncr at Law, and Affeat and Xotarj' Public Rulo, Richardson Co., J. i. wltnictiecin the Courts of ssistedN'cLra5ka,a Earjinaau 15ennett,Nebratka City. iS HOLt AD AY, M. D H'ei-t fully iur.-rnis Ins friends Jn Brownville and '"inMiate Viinuty that be has resumed the practice of tdicitie, Siirsrry, & Obstetrics, '-;l"i'CNly strict attention to his profession, to receive 4; KMieroi vaironnKe heretofore extended tohim. In ; civMtiore it is possibieorexpedient. a prescription . Mwiii he done. Ofllce at City Drug Store. 'rl).21,'09. S5.1y i SAINT JOSEPH JEEALE COLLEGE, j .ST. JOSEPH, -MO. jlLLlA.11 CAMERON, A. M., Principal. '"piMely organized as a first class Female Boardins , Scln,i v.. t.. l-Vi iiirlmlinir 25 ' Scli..astic year commominp first Monday lu ". j.-orc i 7'C Pniioi.al f ;--t -tit,. is;,S iv-f, YOUR JIUXE Y.IXD GO TO W'yi. T- DEN, t Aim nun Ki? uifSfiJM it ii i n i:;j:i : t V1iu'ea'.c aiidr.e'ail dealer ia AND SOLICITORS LY CIMXCERY. Brownville, Nebraska. CITY 1W STORE. JOHN H. MAUN & CO., BR0WXV1LLE, A. T. DEALERS IN Brags; Medicines, CHEMICALS, TOILET SOAPS, Fine Hair and Tooth Brushes, PERFL JIERY, FAIVCY & TOILET ARTICLES, Tobacco & Cigars, Pure Wines and Liquors for Medicinal Ise. 53 Physicians' Prescriptions and family Recipes carefully compounded. All orders correctly answered, fcvery article war ranted (jenuine and of the best quality. 3 AG EST for all leading Patent Medicine of the day. CITY TRUNK STORE. FASSETT & CROSSMAIT, r a " jvxanuiaciurtris ux Traveling & Packing V.1LISES. CARPET RAGS, bC. South West corner uf Pino and 3d st's, Saint Louis, Jio. , Vc arc now prepared to All all orders WTliJjiin our line with promptness andoiithe --jFl ytthe most roast niible terms. Our stock is ! lYJ.Jhr"!. :.r-l r.,iui.li'l( :i:id all f our own manufacturing. Those in want of articles in our line, II . fl.....;.,A i. null wholesale or rcianj win u ci i u-ki c -re purchasing elsewhere. A bharc of public ratron- ageis solicited. nlb 3-iy M'NUTT'S STOMACH BITTERS Are an unequalled Tonic and Stomachic, a yoiitciv end palatable Kcmcdij Jor general jjcuuuy. i'js jjepsia, loss of Appetite and ail ditcatc vf the 'jjiijcitive Organ. These Bitters are a sure Preventive of FEVER AND AGUE ! They are prepared from tic p-.irest materials by an old and experienced UrufKisi, aau iuci eioi e u uv icv- on. THEY AID DIGESTION! By gently excitinn the system into ahealthy action; are pleasant totbe ta-sie, anil aiso e uun itoi iu the system that is so essential tohcalth. !r3"A wineclass fuli way be taken two or three times a day before eating. P,B,M,IlJW,L.Kl.IS):,IO Oct. 29. '63 lS-ly 1'or Citalogue!", with full i-articulars, ad- v4n4f boots and shoes. Rrcwnviilc, A. T. Jl ,IIAS-(IN'11AXU ! klv'",l,rs a:,J Slippers of larpe and well select- svhoes, L..dy'l audGcnt.'s every variety ; also, 5 ".'(, l'hcaper for Ca. h or Produce than any other ."" wms. All work warranted; orders rLful,i-"lK-ite-J. (l Wst cas!) price paid for Hides, Pelts and Furs, ,f utj iw ua Shoe Sure. Cut Leather kept for nvi;io ..June 2d, 'SV u49jf- i CITY BAKEHY, u?it St., bet. Main and Atlantie, EROWrrVILLB, COMFORT & TICE, ?xy L allien of Brownville and vicinity , e1 ll'e bakery lortnerly owned by K. C-jo'w &rcnw Prepared to furnish Bread, Cakes, ioncryf Ice (.'ream, Lemonade. &c.. &e. W. C. COMFORT. DKOW & CLIXTOX, PRODUCE DEALERS. Forwardinir & Commission MERCHANTS, No. 7S, North Levee, St. Louis, Mo. rninrn for Groceries and Manufactured Articles accu rately filled at lowest possible rates. Consignment for sale and re-shipment rcspectully solicited. Shipments of all kinds will be faitiituiiy aitenaea 10. Heferi-ences : Messrs. G II Rea & Co St. Louis Birtlett. McComb & Co d. Gilbert, Miles Ac Stannard d) Tlon. VT 11 Bufflngton, Auditor State of Missouri J Q Harmon, Kso,, Cairo City, I a 1 . Messrs.M,lony, liro'sfcCo' Sew Orleans, Louisiana J D Jackson, F.sq., do dj Messrs llinkle, Guild Co, Cincinnati, O. V Hainniar&Co do Brandell t Crawford Louisville, Ky. Woodruff &. Huntington, Mobile, Ala. n. Billim;', Ksq., Bcardstown, 111. May 12, 1S58 43-3ri Buchanan Life and General Insurance Co-, Office-cor 2d and Julc sts., ,S7'. JOSEPH, JIO. CII AKTEKEP AT THE LAST SESSION' OF THE5IO. LEG Authorized Capitol $3,000,000. ninrrrons : T Tt .Iinnin. 1. II. Howard. J. A. Owen. Milton Dooth,JohnColhorn..Iohn II. Likens, W.ll.Pcneik, - - i i jAmesKay,.J.McAifUan.A.t. .ansneer. J.D. JENNINGS, Tree. N.R.McAsnAX, Scc'y. "S now ready to receive application for Life. Fire, L iUarineand KivcrnsKs. a casn reiurn 01 cent, will bo allowed on cargo premiums. Losssr - . . l f 1 . . A promptly adjusted, ana the usuanacume? given 10 thepatronf of the office. k i rtt, 1 9h7 44-."m X. 'i li '. - J. W. BLISS, COrJSTA'RT iE Collecting Agent, PERU, NEMAHA COUNTY, NEBRASKA TERRITORY. Particular attention paid to making collections for non-residents. Charges reasonable. Ileicreiiees. R. W. Frame, W in. E. Pardee, K Parker Lyford &. Horn, Postmaster. Pern Probate Jurtpre, Keb.City County Clerk, Brownille Soiiora, Mo. Btl"e, April 28, '33. 44-tf JOSEPH TICE. JAMES HOG AN. BooK-Binder, BLANK BOOK MANUFACTURER, Southeast cr. "2ju and Locust Sfs. ST. LOUIS, MO. All kinds of Blank Bxiks.made of the best paper, ruled to any pattern, and sewed in the new improved patent mode. LIBRARIES PERIODICALS, MUSIC.&c, bound in any style, and at the shortest notice. Having been awarded the Premium at the last Me chanic's Fair, he feels condident in insuring satisfaction to all who inav cive him a call. July 22d, 1S5S. Irv3n4 IS HAM REAVIS ATTORNEY AT LAW, REAL ESTATE AGENT, Falls Wty, Kichnrdson County, Nebraska. Vi'i 1 Kee prompt attcuti n to all professional busi ness Intrusted to l.is care in Richardson and adjoining counties; also to the drawing of deeds, pre-emption pa per. h.c.,t c. May 13, '63 n46-6rn BROWNVILLE SAW 11 1ST ILL. JESSE NOEL Having rented the interest of Lake and Emmcrs.jn in the Browr.ville Steam Saw and Grist Mill, announces to totb'jpuUic that he is prepared f accommodate the citizens of Brownville ah I Nemaha County with a su perior quality of lumber of all kinds. Alto with the Grist Mill, to bcrve all in that line. The market price at all times paid for Lks and Corn. The old business of Noel, Lake & Euinierson will be settled by Henry Lake. .All future business conducted by the undersizned. JESSE NOtL. Brownville, April 7th, 1853, ly - frankETn TYPE & STEREOTYPE FOUNDRY No. 1G8 Vine St., bet. Fourth ana Fifth. Cincinnati, 0. C. F. O'DRISCOLL & CO Manufacturers and dealemin New?, Book and Job Tyre, Printing Tresses, Case?, Gallics. &c. Ac. Inks, and Printing Material of Everv Description, STEREOTYPING of all kind Books. Music. Patent Medicine Directions,Jobs,Wood EngrevingF, Ac., fc. Brand and Pattern Letters, various styles, O FIIANK Gul'LET. S S SOCTHARO, JR G0ULEY CO., (Late Randall, Gouley, & Co..) Commission Merchants, CORNER OF VINE AND COMMERCIAL STS. AN I) Jumler 51, A "orth Levee, St. L.ouis, Missouri, GENERAL FORWARDERS, EAST ST. LOUIS, ILLS., "Patent Metallic Keg" Agency fur DuPont s Gunpowder. ALSO Agents j or Cropper cS Co's Unadulterated Liquors: July7.h, IS59. N E W STORE, First Street opposite Recorder's Ojjice, BROWNVILLE, N. T. titp iibii-rlher would resiwctfullv inform the citizens of Brownville. am" vicinity, that he has located here for the purpose of inauufactiuniB Boots ana snoes 10 oruer. All nersons in want of a superior article will do well to call and leave their measure- llcpairhig promptly and neatly doLie. E. GREEN. Brownville, July 7, 1S59. vinl-tf a. it. wilcox. T. W. BF.DOR 1 VILCOX & BEDFORD, DEALERS IN LAND WARRANTS, AND C ASTERN EXCHANGE, X3xro-vx7-xa.-tri.llo, TOT. T. Land Yarrasts Loaned on Time Froiii One Month to Ten Years, Land Warrants Loaned to Prc-cniptors ; Taxes Paid; Collections made; Real Estate Bought and Sold; Lands Located: and safe Investments made for Eastern Cap iialists. All Land "Warrants fold bv ns are gr.aranted perfect In all respects, KETEKENCES. Ttepisrerand Receiver of Land Omccat Brownville, XT' Register and Receiver of Land Otlice at Nebraska City? Resistor ar.d Receiver ot Land OHoe at Omaha. N. T. Samuel V. Black, Governor of Nebraska, Russell Majors & Waddell. Government Transporter, Kansas and Nebraska; E. K. Willard & Young, Bankers, Chica go; F. Granpcr Adams, Banker, ChicaRn; Taylor Bro'.-, 76 Wall street X. Y. City. Thompson Bro's. No 2 Wall street N Y City, Hon Alfred Giiuiore, Philadelphia, Pa.; W. S Grant, President Gardiner Bink, Maine; W. M. Cctikey, President Bank uf Chenango, X. Y.J Crane A. Hill Brownville, Nebraska. The Land Sales take place in Nebraska in July, Au gust and September, when some of the choicest lands in the I'nited States will be ottered for sale, and afterwards subject to private entry with Gobi or Land Warrants. Brownville, X. T., July 14, 1So9. no 1 Gin rrtiNCE & co.'s IMPROVED MELODEONS, WITH 15VII)EI SWELL The Heat-Toned . ed Lixt rument in the uorld. List of Prices: Four Octave Mcl!en $45 CO Four-.'ind-liaif Octave Melodeon CO 00 Five Octave Melodeon 75 00 Five Octave Melodecu, Piano Case, Four stops $10C 00 Five Octa ve Melodeon. double reed, portablecasc 130 00 Six Octave Melodeon. Piano Case 130 00 Five Octave Melodeon, Piano Case, double reed Ho 00 Five Octave Melodeon, Double Banks, f.mr stops "CO OC The Orcaii Mel de n. flvcscts Reeds, two Banks Keys and Pedal Bass 3"0 00 First Premium awarded wherever exhibited. Illus trated price circular sent by mail. Orders Promptly Filled By GEO. A. PRINCE &. CO., Buffalo, X. Y. GEO. A. PRINCE is. CO., 110 Lake et., Chicago. 111. GEO. A. PRINCE t CO., 67Fultonst. X. Y. City. July 7th. 1509. FRUIT TREES. ORNAMENTAL TREES. Shrubs, Roses, Vines, Plants, etc. Ill EES & CO., Agents for A. Falmestock & Sons. TOLEDO NURSERIES, ARE now canvassing Nemaha and Richardsonconnties, Nebraska; and Atchison county, Missouri; receiving orders for Fruit Trees, Shrubs. Yinas, Evergreens, &c, &.c. They call the attention of Farmers and others de sireing anything in their line to the advantaccs uf pur chasing supplies at their Nursery. The stock is com plete and pt ices as favorable as that of any otter Nur sery anywhere, and all warranted to lie as represented. Orders can also be left at the Advertiser odec Brown ville, X. T. July 7th, lb3. S. W. Ilazcltine & Co., 171, Walnut Street, first door below Gibson House, CIXCIXXATI, Peiler in Seeds, Trees, Shrubs. Roses, Beddiug Plants. Cut Flowers, Agricultural Implements, Green and Efiie I Fruits, &.c. vlnl "UNION HALL, BROWN VIEEE, nr. T. MORRISON & SMITH, ANXOUXCE to the public that they Lave opened a Billiard Room and Saloon In the old Xemaha Yalley Bank. Building, Brtwnville, Nebraska, where lovers of the interesting panic of Bil liards ca be accommodated in a style, they trust will be satisfactory to all who may patronize theai. Our Liquors, Are all pure and of the choicest brands. The famous Tippecanoe Ale Thelcst nude is kept constantly oti hand at this es tablishment. R. MORRISON. no41-ly J Q. A. SMITH. THE TERRITORIAL QUESTION. The Division Eine Ilctvcen Fed eral -Authority Popular Sove reignty in the Territories. BY STEPHEN A. DOUGLAS. . Under our complex system of govern ment it is the first duty of American states men to mark distinctly the dividing line between Federal and Local Authority. To do this with accuracy involves fin in quiry not only into, the powers and duties of the Federal Government under the Constitution, but also into the rights, privi leges, and immunities of the people of the Territories, as vellas of the States com posing the Union. The relative powers and functions of the Federal and State Governments have become well understood and clearly defined by their practical ope ration and harmonious action for a lone series of years ; while the disputed ques tion involving the right of the people of the Territories to govern themselves in respect to their local aflkirs and internal polity remains a fruitful source of parti san strife and sectional controversy. The political organization which was formed in 1854, and has assumed the name of the Republican Party, is based on the theory that African Slavery, as it exists in this country, is an evil of such magnitude social, moral and political as to justify and require the exertion of the entire power and influence of the Federal Gov ernment to the full extent that the Con stitution, according to their interpretation, will permit for its ultimate extinction. In the platform of principles adopted at Philadelphia by the Republican Na tional Convention in 185G, it is affirmed : "That the Constitution confers upon Congress sovereign power over the Territories of the United States lor their government, and that in the exercise of this power it is Loth the right and the duty of Congress to prohibit in the Territories thoso twin relies cf barbarbm, Polygamy and Slavery." According to the theory of the Repub lican Party there is an irrepressible con flict between Freedom and Slavery, Free labor and Slave labor, Free States and Slave States, which is irreconcilable, and must continue to rage with increasing fury until the one shall become universal by the annihilation of the other. In the language of the eminent and authorita tive expounder of their political faith: 'It is an irrepressible conflict b3twcen opposing and enduring forces ; and if means that the United States mast and will, sooner or later, become either entirely a slaveholding nation, or entirely a free-labor ration. Either the cotton and rice fields of South Carolina. and the sugar plantations of Louisiana, will ultimately be tilled by free labor, and Charleston and New Orleans become marts for legitimate merchan dize alone, or else the rye fields and wheat Sulds of Massachusetts and New York must again be surren dered by their farmers to slave culture and to the pro duction of slaves, and Boston and New York become on e more markets for trade in the bcdic3 and souls of men." In the Illinois canvass of ISoS the same proposition was advocated and defended by the distinguished Republican standard bearer in these words: "In my opinion it (the Slavery agitation) will not cease until a. crisis shall have been reached and pass ed. 'A hou;c divided r.gnins itself cannot stand.' I believe this Goveromentcannotendure permanent ly half slave and half free. I do not expect the house to fall, but I do expect it will cease to be di vided. It will become all one thing or all the other. Either tho opponents of Slavery will arrest the further spread of it, and place it where the public mind shall rest in the belief that it is in tho course of ultimate extinction, or its advocates will push for ward till itshall become alike lawful in all the States old as well as new North as well as South." Thus it will be seen, that under the auspices of a political party, which claims sovereignty in Congress over the subject of Slavery, there can be no peace on the Slavery question no truce in the sectional strife no fraternity between the North and South, so long as this Union remains as our fathers made it divided into free and slave States, with the right on the part of each to retain Slavery so long as it chooses, and to abolish it whenever it pleases. On the other hand, it would be un candid to deny that while the Democratic Party is a unit m its irreconcilable oppo sition to the 'doctrines and principles of the Republican Party, there are radical differences of opinion in respect to the powers and duties of Congress, and the rights and immunities of the people of the Territories under the Federal Con stitution, which seriously disturb its har mony and threaten its integrity. These differences of opinion arise from the dif ferent interpretations placed on the Con stitution by persons who belong to one of the following classes: 1st. Those who believe that the Consti tution of the United Slates neither es tablishes nor prohibits Slavery in the States or Territories beyond the power of the people to control it, but "leaves the i people thereof perfectly free to form and ; regulate their domestic institutions in their own way, subject only to the Constitution cf the Uuited States." 2d. Tr.ose who believe that the Consti tution establishes Slavery in the Terri tories, and withholds from Congress and the Territorial Legislature the power to control it; and who insist that, in the event the Territorial Legislature fails to enact the requisite laws for its protection, it becomes the imperative duty of Congress to interpose its authority and furnish such protection. 3d. Those who, while professing to be lieve that the Constitution establishes Slavery in the Territories beyond the powof Congress or the Territorial Leg islat to control it, at the same time pro test against the duty of Congress to inter fere for its protection ; but insist that it is the duty of the Judiciary to protect and maintain Slavery in the Territories with out any law upon the subject. By a careful examination of the second and third porositionions, it will be seen that the advocates cf each agree on the theoretical o.iestion, that the Constitution establishes Slavery in the Territories, and compels them to have it whether they want it or not; and differ on the practical point, whether a right secured by the Con stitution shall be practiced by an act cf Congress when ell other remedies fail. The reason assigned for not protecting by law a right secured by the Constitu tion is, that it is the duty of the courts to protect Slavery m the Territories without any legislation upon the subject. How the courts aretoalford protection to slaves or any other property, where there is no law providing remedies and imposing penalties and conferring jurisdiction upon the courts to hear and determine the cases as they arise, remains to be explained. The acts of Congress establishing the several Territories of the United States, provide that "the jurisdiction of the several Courts herein provided for, both appellate and original, and that of the Probate Courts and Justices of the Peace, shall be as limited by law" meaning such laws as the Territorial Legislatures fhall from time to time enact. It will be seen that the judicial tribunals of the Ter ritories have just such jurisdiction, and only such, in respect to the rights of persons and property pertaining to the citizens of the Territory as the Territo rial Legislature shall see fit to confer ; and consequently, that the Courts can afford protection to the persons and pro perty no farther than the Legislature shall, by law, confer the jurisdiction, and prescribe the remedies, penalties and modes of proceeding. It is difficult to conceive how any person who believes that the Constitution confers the right cf protection in the enjoyment of slave property in the Territories, re gardless cf the wishes of the people and of the action of the Territorial Legisla ture, can satisfy his conscience and his oath of fidelity to the Constitution in withholding such Congressional legisla tion as may be essential to the enjoyment of such right under the Constitution. Under this view of the subject it is im possible to resist the conclusion that, if the Constitution does establish Slavery in the Territories, beyond the power of the people to control it by law, it is the im perative duty of Congress to supply all the legislation necessary to its protection; and if this proposition is not true, it necessarily results that the Constitution neither establishes nor prohibits Slavery any where, but leaves the people of each State and Territory entirely free to form and regulate their domestic affairs to suit themselves, without the intervention cf Congress or of any ether power whatso ever. But it is urged with plausibility by those who have entire faith in the soundness of the proposition, that "a Territory is the mere creature of Congress; that the creature cannot be clothed with any powers not possessed by the creator; and the Congress, not possessing the power to legislate in respect to African Slavery in the Territories, cannot delegate to a Ter ritorial Legislature any power which it does not itself possess." This proposition is as plausible as it is fallacious. But the reverse of it is true as a general rule. Congress cannot dele gate to a Territorial Legislature, or any other body of men whatsoever, any power which the Constitution has vested in Con gress. In other words : Every pow.r con ferred on Congress ly the Constitution, must be exercised by Congress in the mode prescribed in the Constitution. The mere statement of the question carries with it the emphatic answer, that Congress can not delegate any power which it does possess; but that every power conferred on Congress by the Con stitution must be exercispd by Congres in the manner prescribed in that instrument. On the other hand, there are cases in which Congress may establish tribunals and local governments, and invest them with powers which Congress does not possess and cannct exercise under the Constitution. For instance, Congress may establish courts inferior to the Supreme Court, and confer upon them the power to hear and determine cases, and render judgments effecting the life, liberty, and property of the citizen, without itself having the power to hear and determine such causes, render judgments, or revise or annul the same. In like manner Con gress may institute governments for the Territories, composed of an executive, judicial, and legislative department ; and may confer upon the Governor all the ex ecutive powers and functions of the Ter ritory, without having the right to exer cise any one of those powers or functions itself. Congress may confer upon the judicial department all the judicial powers and functions of the Territory, without having the right to hear and determine a cause, or render a judgment, or to revise or annual any decision made by the Courts so established by Congress. Congress may also confer upon the legislative de partment of the Territory certain legisla tive powers which it cannot itself exercise, and only such a3 Congress cannot exercise under the Constitution. The powers which Congress may thus confer but cannot exer cise, are such as relate to the domestic affairs and internal polity of the Territory, and do not affect the general welfare of the Republic. This dividing line between Federal and Local authority was familiar to the fraraers of the Constitution. It is clearly defined and distinctly marked on every page of history which records the great events of that immortal struggle between the Ame rican Colonies and the British Govern ment, which resulted in the establishment of our national independence. In the beginning of that struggle the Colonies neither contemplated nor desired inde pendence. In all their addresses to the Crown, and to the Parliament, and to the people of Great Britain, as well as to the people of America, they averred that as loyal British subjects they depbred the causes which impelled their separation from the parent country. They were 1 strongly attached to the Constitution, civil ! and political institutions and jurispru dence of Great Britain, which they prcud ly claimed as the birth-right of all Eng lishmen, and desired to transmit them un impaired as a precious legacy to their posterity. For a long series of years they remonstrated against the violation of their inalienable rights of self-government under the British Constitution, and humbly petitioned for the redress of their grievances. Judge Tucker, in his Appendix to Blacksione, refers to thirty-one acts of the Provincial Legislature of Virginia, passed at various periods from 1G62 to 1772, upon the subject of African Slave ry, showing conclusively that Virginia always considered this as one of the ques tions affecting her "internal polity," over which she, in common with the other colonies, claimed "the right of exclusive legislation in their Provincial Legisla tures" within their respective limits. Some of these acts, particularly those which were enacted prior to the year 1G1JD, were evidently intended to foster and encourage, as well as to regulate and con trol African Slavery, as one of the do mestic' institutions of the colony. The act of 1699, and most of the enactments subsequent to that date, were as obviously dtisined to restrain and check the growth of the institution with the view of con fining it within the limit of the actual necessities of the community, or its ulti mate extinction, as might be deemed most conducive to the public interests, by a system of unfriendly legislation, such as imposing a tax on all slaves introduced into the colony, which was increased and renewed from time to time, as occasion required, until the period of the Revolu tion. Many of these acts never took effect, in consequence of the King with holding his assent, even after the Gover nor had approved the enactment, in case3 where it contained a clause suspending its operation until his Majesty's pleasure should be made known in the premises. In 1772 the Provincial Legislature of Virginia, after imposing another tax of five per cent, on all slaves imported into the colony, petitioned the King to remove all thosu restraints which inhibited his Majesty's governors assenting to such laws as might check so very pernicious a commerce as Slavery. Of this petition Judge Tucker says : "Tho following extract from a petition to the Throne, presented from the House of Durgc-sr s of Virginia, April 1, 1772. will show the sense of the people of Virginia on the subject cf Slavery at that period : 'Tho importation of slaves into the colony from tho coast of Africa h:ith long been considered as li trade of great inhumanity ; and under its present, cnconriffement. we hava too much reason to fear, will endanger the existancc of your Mnjesty's Ame rican dominions.'" Mark the ominous words! Virginia tells the King of England, in 1772, four years prior to the Declaration of Inde pendence, that His Majesty's American dominions are in danger : Not because of the Stamp duties not because of the tax on Tea not because of the attempt to collect revenue in America ! These have since teen deemed sufficient to justify rebellion and revolution. But none of these are referred to by Virginia in her address to the Throne there being another wrong which, in magnitude and enormity, so far exceeded these and all other causes of complaint that the very existence of His Majesty's American do minions depended upon it ! That wrong i consisted in forcing African Slavery upon j a dependent colony without her consent, and in opposition to the wishes of her own people ! The people of Virginia at that day did not appreciated the force of the argument used by the British merchants who were engaged in the African slave trade, and which was afterwards indorsed, at least by implication, by the King and his Min isters; that the colonies were the common property of the Empire acquired by the common blood and treasure and there fore all British subjects had the right to carry ' their slaves into the colonies and hold them in defiance of the local law and in contempt of the wishes and safety of the colonies. The people of Virginia net being con vinced by this process of reasoning, still adhered to the doctrine which they held in common with their sister colonies, that it was the birth-right of all freemen in alienable when formed into political com munities to exercise exclusive legisla tion in respect to all matters pertaining to their internal polity, Slavery not except ed ; and Tather than surrender this great right they were prepared to withdraw their allegiance from the Crown. Again referring to this petition to the King, the same learned Judge says: "This petition produced no effect, a? appears from the first clause of our Virginia Constitution, where, among other acts of misrule, the inhuman use of the Royal negative in refusing us the rcoplo of Vir gin a permission to exclude Slavery from us by taw, is enumerated among tho reasans for separating from Great Britain." This clause in the Constitution of Vir ginia, referring to the inhuman use of the Royal prerogative, in refusing the Colony of Virginia permission to exclude Slavery from her limits by law as one of the reasons for separating from Great Britain, was adopted on the 12'.h day of June, 1776, three weeks and oue day ' previous to the Declaration cf Indepen dence by the Continental Congress ; and after remaining in force as a part cf the Constitution for n period of fifty-four yearr, was readopted, without alteration, ly th Convention which framed iht new Con stitution in IjO, and then ratified by th'j people as a part of the n'w Constitution ; ' and was agr.in readopted by the Conven tion which amended the Constitution4 in ISoO, and again ratified by the people- as a part of the amended Constitution, and at this day remains a portion of "tho fun damental law of Virginia proclaiming to the world and to posterity i ht onr? of the reasons for separating -from Great Britain was "the inhuman use of the Royal negative in refusing us ihi Colony cf Virginia permission to exclude Slavery from us ly law." The legislalion cf Virginia on this sub ject may be taken a3 a f;;ir sample cf the legislative enactments of each ot the thir- teen Colonies, showing conclusively that Slavery was regarded by then all as a domestic question to he regulated and de- . termined by each Colony to suit itfelf. without the intervention of the- British Parliament or r;the inhuman trse cf the? Royal negative." Each Colony passed a series of enactments, beginning at an early period of its history and running down to the commencement of the Revo lution, either protecting regulating, . or re straining African Slavery within ius re spective limits and in accordance with their wishes and supposed interests. North and South Carolinn, following tno example of Virginia, at first cncowagfd the introduction of slaves, until the num ber increased beyond their wants and necessities, when they attc rnpied to che.de and restrain the further growth of the in stitution, by imposing a hirh rate of tax ation upon all slaves which should hit brought into those Colonies; and finally, in 1761, South Carolina passed a law im posing a penalty cf one hundred pound i (or five hundred dollars) for "very negro slave subsequently introduced -into that Colony. . . The Colony of Georgia was originally founded on strict Anti-Slaver) principles, and' rigidly maintained the policy for a series of years, until the inhabitants 14 came convinced by experience, that, tvitu their climate and productions, shve labor, if net essential to their existence, would prove beneficial and useful to their ma terial interests. Maryland and Delaware1 protected and regulated African Slavery as one of their domestic institutions. Pennsylvania, under the advice jf TV illiam Penn. substituted fourteen ycar' service and perpetual adscript to the soil for hereditary Slavery, and attempted t5 legislate, not for the to'al aiolition rf Slavery, but for sanctity of marriage among slaves, and for their personal se curity. New-Jersey, Nov; York, nt.d Connecticut, recognized African Slavery as a domestic institution lawfully existing within their respective limits, and passed the requisite laws for its control and regu lation. Rhode Island provided by law that no slave should serve them more than ten years, at the end of which time he was to be set free; and if the master shonll refuse to let him go free, or sold him clse' where for a longer period of service, he was subject to a penalty of forty pound;, which was supposed at that period to be nearly double the value of the sdav Massachusetts impose! heavy taxis upon all slaves brought into the Colony, and provided in some instances for send ing the slaves lack to their native land; and finally prohibited the introduction of any more slaves into the Colony under any circumstances. When New-Hampshire passed laws which were designed to prevent the in troduction of any more slaves, the' Briii-h Cabinet issued the following ' order . n Gov. Wentworth: "You arc not to give? your assent to, or pass any law irnposii g duties upon Negrccs iinport.d into Ntw Hampshire." While the legislation of the several Colonies exhibits dissimilarity of views, founded on a diversity of interests, on the merits and policy of Slavery, it shows con clusively that they all regarded it as a domestic question affecting their internal polity in respect to which they were in titled to a full and exclusive power of leg islation in the several provincial Legisla tures. For a few years immediately pre-, ceding the American Revcl-.tion the -African Slave trade was neouraged anJ stimulated by the British Government a;i? carried en with mere vigor l y the Eng lish merchants than at any other period in the history of the Colonies; and thi-5 fart taken in connection with the extra-' ordinary claim asset ted in the memorable Preamble to the act repealing th Stamp duties, that "Parliament possessed the right to bind the Colonies in. all cases whatsoever," not only in rerpect t. all matters affecting the general welfare of the Empire, but also in regard to the do mestic relations and internal polity. cf tho Colonies produced a powerful impression, upon the minds of the Colonies, and im- parted peculiar prominence to the princi ple involved in the controvery. . ( Concluded next wale. ) . When Martin Wclton, a notorious high--wayman, was dying in the Massachusetts' State Prison, ho dictated a minute account of the adventures of his life. It was pub blished the next year, and there is a c: py in the Boston Athencrurj, bound by his -direction in leather mado from his skin. It is as soft as wash-leathor.l.a much whiter.