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ThferOommbner.
VOLUME' 7 NUMBER 43
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THE LOST CENTS - ,
Thai somo of tlio rarest and most
valuable of tho United States cents,
particularly those dated 1799 and
1804, owo thoir scarcity to the fact
that Fulton built tho steamboat Oler
mont is tho theory hold by some coin
collectors They believe that thou
sands 'of tho old-tlmo large" copper
cents wont toward mating tho copper
boiler for tho pioneer steamboat.
This theory would explain tho mys
tery that has long puzzled coin col
lectors ' a.s to tho reason for tho al
most total disappearance of the cents
of tho dates mentioned.
DhoIirst cents struck at tho Unitod
St!tesvinint at Philadelphia were of
laclgo" size, The copper blanks, or
plSiicheJs were imported from Eng
laffiljb'blijg sent Qver in kegs.
iGoppor at this period was a scarce
artljble in this country. With tlio ex
ception of tho small quantity pro
duced at" the only copper mines then
known in the United States, those at
GranbyKConn., nearly all the metal
ujsed here camo from England.
& Builders of steam engines'in- those
days were of the opinion that boilers
constructed of iron were unsafe and
jmpracti6able, and as a1cbnsequence
boilers were made of coppor, all tho
boilers that camo from England be
ing, it is said, constructed of that
metal. Fulton was likewise of the
belief that coppor was the only fit
metal to be used' in boilers.-'
It Is therofore possible that-findlng
a scarcity ' of metal with which' to
construct tho boiler of tho Clermont
ho finally resorted to the most cbn
venient source of supply, which hap
pened to bo the large United States
copper cents. Of course the cost of
such a boiler would represent a large
8umf but it is on tho "ecords that the
steam frigate Fulton, launched in
18,15, the year of the inventor's
death, had a boiler entirely con
structed of copper, which alone cost
tho large sum of $23,0 u.
That "the supply of cents of this
period was large . enough to meet
such a demand is also likely enough.
From 1793 to and including 1795
1,0G(T,033 cents were coined; in 1796,
974,700 were struck; 1797, 897,
510; ,1798, 979,700; 1799, 904,585;
1800, 2,822,175 1801, 1,362,837;
shorthorns' for sale
I hnvo a herd bull (red-roan) i wn excellent
animal; an eight months' old bull (light red) ;
nil eighteen months' old heifer (rcd-roau) ; a
two months' old heifer calf (white-roan), and'
two cows (rcd)Ci,"i ' ' a , -J
r 4f$ 4, 4 i
C w- H U
4ddre8s W. J. RY A $. Lincoln, Neb.
ae
NOW READY
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T i t
, .FOR DELIVRy .
Kolame VI "The Commpner Condensed
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As its title indicates,' 'this book is a cohde'nsed copy'of The Com
moner for one year. It is published annually and the different issues
are designated as Volumes" I, II, Iir, IV, V 'and VIv corresponding to
tho volume numbers of The Commoner. 'The last issue fs Volume
VI, and contains editorials 'which discuss cjuestions of a permanent
nature.
Every important subject in the world's-politics is discussed in
Tho Commoner at tho 'time" that subjeot is attracting general atten
tion. Because of this ,The Commoner Condensed is valuable as a
.reference book and should occupy a place on tho desk of every
lawyer, editor, business man and other student "of, affairs.
OCTAVOS OF ABOUT 480 PAGES EACH; BOUND IN HE AW
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TION TO ANY LIBRARY: . audi-
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Cloth bound, 75c. By Mail, Postage Paid.
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These prices nro for cither volume, if more than nn ,ri..
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cloth binding Volume lis i ont of print; yblumes n? mTnr.Tni 2
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. Xadress, THE. COMMONER, Uncoln, Nebraska.
h
1802, 3,435,100; 1!803, 2,71,352;
1804, 756,838; 1805,941,116'
This makes a total of 16,611,947
cents struck at the mint up to and
including the year in which the boil
er was made.
Tho cents struck during the years
1793, 1794 and 1795 weighed 208
grains each, which would give the
number of pieces struck, 1,066,033,
a total weight of about 31,700
pounds. In 1796 the Weight ol the
copper cent was reduced to 168
grains-, which would -give the number
coined from 1796 Up to and including
1805, 15,545,914, a total weight of
about 373,158 grains, making the
total weight of the 16,611,947 cents
struck from 1793 to 1805 about
about 404,000 avoirdupois pounds of
7,000 grains each, which would cer-
tainlv ronrGSGnt -mftt.nl mnnv fimpa
more than sufficient to make a boiler
of the size used by the Clermont.
Nearly all the cents of this-' period
are now scarce, but the ones dated
1799 and 1804 are extremely so. It
is an odd fact that the rarity of the
former was not appreciated until
about 1860, when coin collecting in
this country wa- in -its infancy.
A Philadelphian by tho name of
J. J. Mickley, seeking a dent of 1799,
tho year of his birth, only came into
possession of one after a great deal
Of trouble, and even .then the speci
men which came to his hand was in
poor condition. Persevering in his
endeavor to obtain a better speci
men, his efforts resulted in so little
success that Mr. Mickley was ulti
mately forced to the conclusion that
cents of this date were extremely
scarce.
Through looking for the cent of
this date he 'became interested in
coins of all kinds, and soon developed
into a collector of the first rank, and
was noted as possessing the finest
and most comprehensive collection of
coins then in the United States. Not
satisfied with the opportunities pro
vided in this country for the acquisi
tion of new variefies, Mr. Mickley
made trips to various parts of the
world and added many rare and in
teresting coins to his collection.
Some years later a thief broke into
his residence in Philadelphia and
stole many rare specimens and the
veteran collector thereupon became
discouraged and sold the remainder
'of his- coins at auctions.
An uncirculated 1799 cent, if nov
offered at 'miction, would bring at
leasts $3 00, and peithaps aore. Those
in somewhat circulated condition are
held, in high estimation "by collectors,
and even a much worn specimen up
no which the date is discernible is
worth a couple of dollars.
The 18.04 cent is almost as rare
as that dated 1799, and will bring
Wliiie the Remainder of the dates
are not so rare, still uncirculated
and sharp specimens bring as much
as $,1Q0. Everything considered, it
is "hot improbable that the boiler of
tho tClermont or one of the. boilers
made, .by Fulton did contain a large
proportion of the early supply of cop
por cents. It is certain that of the
many millions originally struck few
are today in existence. New ' York
Sun.
penses -have -by the combine, been
increased the extent of sioo ?
year puffers the same loss as if tho
money had been taken irom him bv
a burglar or a highwayman. And
the laws say, that the one form of
robbery is as clearly a criminal act
as is the other. ,,
Laws against conspiracies in re
attaint of trade have always been
hard to enforce because it is so often
difficult to draw an exact line be
tween lawful and unlawful arrange
ments or co-operative agreements
among concerns engaged in the same
busine.ss.
The law has' been reluctant to in
terpose in transactions where a too
strict application of the statutes
might, though technically right, work
an injustice. But when the intention
and the result of the conspiracy are
clearly shown to be oppressive, and
the proof against the individual is
conclusive, there is no gqod reason
for treating the offender differently
from any other getter of unlawful
gains.
For Attorney General Bonaparte
thero is instruction in these Toledo
cases. The culprits may escape jail
by appeals and the law's delays; but
they realize the gravity of their of
fense much more keenly than if they
had been let off with fines which
would have been paid by themselves
or thoir friends. No matter what
courses their cases may take here
after, they already have sufficient
inducement to study the anti-trust
laws and to comply with them.
If the trust prosecutions upon
which Attorney General Bonaparte is
entering are not intended merely to
amuse th,e public for political effect,
he will apply the Toledo remedy in
cases' where the proof is clear against
individual members of lawbreaking
concerns. St. Louis Republic.
Nervous Disorders
include all affections of tho brain,
spinal cord and nerves; they embrace
head troubles, such as Dizziness, Dull
ness, Headache, Fits, Blues, Melan
choly and Insanity.
Also Backache, Neuralgia, St, Vitus
Dance, Epilepsy, and all disorders aris
ing from a weakness of the nerves of
any organ or part, as Weak Lungs,
Heart, Stomacli, Kidney, Bladder, etc.
The' nerves furnish energy that
keeps. In motion every organ of tho
body. '
If you have any of these ailments,
your nerves are affected,, and you need
. Dr. Miles' Restorative 'Nervine
because It reconstructs worn out nervo
tissue, is a refreshing, revitalizing,
tonic food-medicine, prepared espe
cially to rebuild the wornout nerves.
"My soji when 17 yfears.old had cpi
ionsv: could not attend school. Follow
ing the failure df physicians to euro
him, wo gave Dr. Miles' Ner,vlne, and
Nerve and JJiver Pills. In ten months
he regained perfect- health.
0. S. WILSON, Dept. Co. -Clerk,
Dallas Co.. Mo.
Tho first bottlo will .benefit, if not,
tho druggist will returnyour monoy.
tVi
-prr
Subscribers' JMfcftiSMfl Dept.
THE TOLEDO TRUST PENALTIES
The Toledo violators of the Ohio
anti-trust law who have been heavily
fined and .sentenced toTsi. months in
jail can not complain that they nave
been harshly dealt with.
The; laws, state and feddral,
against combinations in restraint "of
trade have been made for the pro
tection of the public against extor
tion. They properly impose penal
ties of fine and imprisonment because
members of such conspiracies em
ploy tho strength of their combina
tion to extract unearned profits from
thoir customers. -
The householder, whose living ox-
Thls department Is tbr the exclusivo
use of Commoner subscribers, and a
special rate of six cents aword per in
sertionthe lowest ,.ratprhas been
made for them. Address air communi
cations to 3?ho Commoner, Lincoln, Iseu.
LAST "TEAR'S CROP $10,000 HERB
is a snap; easy terms: $15,000 will
buy a 'Rice Plantation in' East Texas
that produced a $10,000 crop last' year.
All -in cultivation this Vear. Terms
easy. Goo. B, Conlclin, Plaquomlne, La.
lfcll ! lll
ALMKLOV'S "ECZEMA AND BAR
bor's Itch Cure." Almldov's "Itch
Cure," ' both absolutely guaranteed.
Monoy refunded if dissatisfied. Sent
by mail for $1.50. S. Almlclov, Drug
gist, Cooporstown, N D. .
VlM-NTED AGENTS TO SELL CHART
W on" English Grammar, which fully
treats sentential and graphic analysis,
and lai highly recommended. , Special
price to agents. Write "W. H. Green,
Rochester, Ind,
u
JK.-4'ft'kM&rijj,,;
KlUMiMX
