COW STALLS TO KEEP ANI
MALS CLEAN AND HEALTHY
Cue in Use at Minnesota University Dairy Barn Is Shown
in Illustration—Dimensions for
Comfortable Stand.
Cow Stall for Dairy Barn.
The accompanying cut illustrates the
cow stall now in use at the dairy barn.
University of Minnesota. The cow is
fastened by means of a rope or chain
which snaps behind her. The length
of the stall from the gutter to the
front post should be seven feet. (A
to B.)
The gates which are four feet long
should all swing the same. way so
that the stalls may be more easily
cleaned. It will be noticed by refer
ring to the cut that the rear posts just
in front of the gutter slant back at
the ceiling, thus giving more room for
the milker.
The width of the stall from cen
ter to center is usually given as three
feet, but we find three feet too nar
row even with small Jersey cows.
I One of the cows takes a four foot
stall, but she is exceptionally large
and not of the dairy type. For the
average dairy animal of the Holstein.
Jersey and Guernsey breed, three and
one-half feet has been found none too
vide for a comfortable stall.
Stationary mangers are not as good
as loose ones. The adjustable man
ger is the whole thing.
It is impossible to keep a cow clean
without adjusting the manger so that
she stands just at the edge of the
gutter. In the university farm
barn there is a difference of one foot
and four inches in the lengih of the
stalls of Belle and Cylene from that
occupied by Letta. If a cow or
heifer stands six inches ahead of the
gutter it is impossible to keep her
clean.
HOLLOW CONCRETE FENCE POST
(BY C. A. COOK.)
To construct hollow re-enforced con
crete fence posts, a few modifications
of the ordinary mold are necessary,
in addition to the core to be placed
in the center of the post. The mold
for an ordinary four by four inch post,
seven feet long, consists of a bottom,
two sides and two end gates, all of
which are held together by three iron
clamps placed over the top of the
sides after they are put together. The
sides are held to the bottom by small
dowel pins inserted in holes in the
bottom, so that the sides may be read
ily revolved, leaving the finished post
lying on the base to harden. One end
gate must have a two-inch hole in
it. through which the core may he with
drawn.
The wooden core is constructed of
five pieces and is two inches in diame
ter. Its full length should be seven and
jone-haif feet. A round piece of soft
wood may be sawed into five strips, so
that when the central portion is with
drawn, the narrow sides and then the
wider sides may be removed from the
-.concrete post.
'The galvanized iron core tapers
from two inches in diameter at the
larger end to three-fourths of an inch
at the top end for a seven-foot post
is seven feet two Inches long. This
can be made by any tinsmith from
good heavy galvanized iron and should
be closed at the smaller end.
The mold is fastened together, and
afcout one inch of concrete is placed
on the bottom before the core is put
in position. After being wrapped with
paper, the core should be passed
through the hole in the lower end
gate. The paper covering will permit
the removal of the core in 20 to 30
minutes after the post is made. The
galvanized iron core may be greased
i but the paper is fully as effective.
The wooden core extends entirely
through the post, and two end gates
with two-inch holes in them are used
v.ith it. The metal core should be
placed in the mold so that the smaller
end is about two inches from the top
oi the post. After the core is in posi
tion the remainder of the concrete can
be put in and the post set aside to
harden until the core and molds can
be removed.
------
Look over the Farm.
Take an hour off sometime to go
over your farm and pick out the pau
per acres. Then see to it that these
acres are not put in regular farm
crops next year unless heavily ma
nured and specially treated. Unless
this can be done, either build them
up by sowing legumes or else put
them to making timber. The farmers
of the south cannot afford to culti
vate a million or two acres of land
every year which they would be rich
er by never touching at all.
Productive Soils.
The whole problem of making any
soil produce high yields is to fill it
completely full of a variety of rich
fertilizers, which, no doubt, was the
case with the very profitable patch of
pumpkins mentioned. Every square
rod of the land we cultivate should be
as rich as our gardens and flower
beds. The soil of the field should be
full of rich organic and mineral mat
ter. These two will make pumpkins
grow and make any crops grow.
In New York recently died a man
who always kept on hand $.">0,000,000
to $75,000,000 in spot cash. Doubtless
he achieved this eminence among New
Yorkers by cutting out the champsgno
suppers.
PROFITABLE TO
WINTER SWINE
By Proper Feeding Hogs Can Be
Kept at Reasonable Cost—
Home-Grown Feeds Make
Good Rations.
(BY J M. DUNLAP.)
It is a common question to be asked
it it will pay to winter swine. I can
see but one way to winter swine at a
reasonable cost, and It is to winter
them on as cheap feeds as possible,
and make hojne-grown feeds, clover,
alfalfa and ensilage form a prominent
part of the ration.
It we can winter an animal In this
way and feed out only a small amount
of grain, I think we can make fairly
good gains, but it is a common occur
rence to go on a farm in the spring
and see 100 hogs that will weigh
the same in May as they did in De
cember, and all of the corn cribs
<empty.
“Something is wrong when we see
that kind of hogs, but no one will dis
pute the fact that the average feeder
either feeds out more feed than cati
be fed with a profit, or else has a
bunch of scrub pigs in the spring.
There Is one advantage in winter
ing pigs; we hare them in time to
feed out and reap the benefits of a
good summef darket, and in that man
ner receive considerably more money
than we woujflf if we; were qqmp ?lled
to market them while the market was
overstocked in November or • De
cember.
CowpeaB Enrich Soil.
Not only have cowpeas been found
valuable as a soil enriching crop, but
they have proved to be most excellent
feed for live stock used as forage and
cured1 hay. The hay used is compara
tively rich in protein and makes good
dairy feed, and is likewise good for
young stock and work horses, fed in
limited amounts.
Keep Off Vermin.
A very essential thing with poul
try i3 to keep the flock free from lice,
and mites. Cedar or sassafras poles
for roosts are good to keep off vermin.
Tobacco smoke Is good to kill the lice.
4
HE members of Pres
ident Taft's cabinet
have a new room in
which to meet, and
it is so located that
they have complete
privacy not only on
the days when the
cabinet is in session, but
when, as department chiefs,
A
P. C. AMOX, SECRETARY OF STATE.
MAR/MG A DRIVE
\GEORGE W. WJCXERSHAM, -_
I ATTORNEY-GEMERAL T>*
FRANK H HJTCHCOCK,
POSTP1ASTFR-GENERAL.
as one of the legal iights of the United
States.
If an account were kept it seems
likely that the visits paid to the
n White House by George W. Wicker
sham, the attorney general, would be
found to outnumber those paid by any
other cabinet official. Mr. Wickersliam
is in charge of the prosecution of the
law breakers which the government is
carrying forward, and the attorney
general knows, as the country knows.
J that the legal opinion of the president
is worth while. Mr. Wiekersham,
when he was first mentioned for a
llFRANKUN flAcVSACH.SECRETARY
IHOF THE TREASURY
U cabinet position was called by tho
' press of the country “the great uu
known.” Mr. Wickershatn is no
longer unknown. His position as
the attorney for the United States
in all its civil and criminal pro
ceedings keeps him constantly in
CHARLES JiAGEL, SECRETARY OF
[CO/YHERCE AMD LABOR
the light.
The attorney general looks like
a student. Lawyers say of him that
I f(uAU£J WJLJOJi,
TO/ )\S£CR£TARY 0£
r^l agriculture
they wish to talk with the president 1
without being obliged to wait their
turns with senators, representatives and
the private citizens of the land, who
under the new' arrangement are given
JACOB n. D/CKWJO/V, SECRETARY
Of WAR
soil he brings his best
efforts to bear to cul
tivate a garden. The
secretary has read the
Ftory written by Mrs.
Theodore Thomas, the
, widow of the great
orchestra leader, a
6tory which told how
she made a success
ful garden on the
a waiting room of their own.
Mr. Taft’s cabinet forms what might be called
a legal family. Most of the members are law
yers of the first rank, and it is an open secret
that they were selected because of their high
ability. There are no longer books on nature and
books on general history subjects in the office li
brary of the White House. New book shelves
have been put in and on them are hundreds ot
the brownish-red covered volumes which beto
ken the law book. It is said that cabinet meet
ings these days take on the semblance of a con
sultation of lawyers. As an example of this it
may be said that one day the president in talking
to some newspaper correspondents said that no
matter what subject was broached in the cabinet
room at that time the thoughts of everyone went
from the suggested subject to the matter of the
strengthening of the anti-trust laws.
What the president said at that time is prac
tically true of most of the present sessions of
the cabinet, for It is known that while Mr. Taft
is anxious to carry out the Roosevelt policies, he
wants to buttress them with the law so that no
constitutional flaws can be found In them by
means of which after the best intentions on the
part of the legislators, the guilty might find a
means of escape.
It must not be supposed for an Instant that be
cause most of Mr. Taft’s cabinet members are
lawyers, they have no avocations in life to turn
them aside frequently from their vocations. Take
the ranking member of the cabinet for instance,
Philander Chase Knox The secretary of state is
a devotee of the outdoor life, and is no less ac
tive in open air pursuits than was President
Roosevelt, though it is true that Mr. Knox does
not care for the pursuit of game nor for the study
of natural history.
The secretary of state, when he Is not discuss
ing matters with the president, or Is not engaged
in straightening out international tangles, is eith
er playing golf or driving a pair of fast, spirited
horses. There are few more ardent lovers of “the
noble horse" than Secretary Knox He rides oc
casionally and he is not averse to taking a five
ha'. red gate if his mount is a jumper, and if the
gate happens in his way The secretary's chief
delight is driving On his Pennsylvania farm
near Valley Forge, the scene of the awful winter
which was passed by the continental army under
George Washington, Mr Knox has many horses
of approved pedigree, and many dairy animals
also of noted forbears
Franklin MacVeagh. the secretary of the treas
ury, who is the second ranking officer In Mr
Taft’s cabinet, is a merchant, although in early
days he studied law Mr MacVeagh Is not given
particularly to the strenuous life as it is viewed
generally. He i3 much of a walker and has a
ove of nature which leads him afield on many a
amble, but for games, and for shooting, the sec
etary cares little
Up near Dublin, New Hampshire, the treasury
4 ‘ « country hu ’ ~p
rock-bound hills of the north. Mr. Macveagh has
profited by the reading and while his garden per
haps is not equal to that planned and cultivated
by Mrs. Thomas, it contains many of the flowers
of the kind that make pleasant what people are
given to call old fashioned gardens.
Mr. Taft consults his treasury chief about econ
omies in government. It was Mr. MacVeagh who
was asked as soon as Mr. Taft took office, to pro
vide ways and means to save money in the differ
ent departments. The merchant cabinet member
had the advantage of a long business training,
and it did not take him long to discover that it
was possible to save many thousands of dollars
by putting business methods in effect in the dif
ferent bureaus of government. It was found for
instance, that a good many bureaus of the depart
ments were in the habit of purchasing their sup
plies independently. The result of this was that
some of them were paying much more money
for some articles than was being paid by others.
Reform in purchase methods has come and it
has come also in many other lines, the net re
sult being that Uncle Sam’s pocketbook is being
saved a good many thousands of dollars yearly.
Jacob M. Dickinson, the secretary of war in Mr.
Taft’s cabinet, is a southern man and a Demo
crat. It may seem a little curious at first thought,
but it is a fact that the army officers in the main,
are glad that a southerner is the chief of the war
department. Despite the attitude of some Demo
cratic southern members of congress on army
questions generally, the southerners feel kindly
toward the officers and men of the service. There
is something in the. military life that appeals to
them, and while the official southern Democrats
generally are outspoken against what they call
the danger of a great standing army, the military
establishment as it is has their sympathy always,
and their support frequently.
The secretary of war comes from that section
of the country where everybody loves horses, and
he is no exception to the rule. He is a golf play
er also, and this fact perhaps makes him appeal
to Mr. Taft’s sympathies just as much as does the
fact that the secretary is a great lawyer Secre
tary Dickinson is not serving in Washington in
an official capacity for the first time. Years ago
he was the assistant attorney general during the
last 24 months of the Cleveland administration,
and he was counsel for the government afterward
in the matter of the settlement of the Alaskan
boundary dispute.
When the president has a particularly knotty
problem in legislation on hand and needs to study
it from a legal standpoint, he goes over it himself
first, just as a judge on the bench does with sub
mitted evidence, forms his own opinion, and then
calls in the “supreme court" of his cabinet which
is composed of the great lawyers, Knox, Dickin
son, Wickersham, Nagel and Ballinger It is pos
sible that Mr. Taft depends just as much upon
the legal opinion of his secretary cf war as he
does upon that of his attorney general At any
f P tbP W"r 1o nPCOl'T' -•
he has one of the keenest ana most anaijticai
minds known to the profession. Mr. Wickersham
cares very little for the outdoor life and perhaps he
is a man who by temperament would not have ap
pealed in the least to a president like Theodore
Roosevelt, but the attorney general has diversions
which occupy his leisure hours, and they are di
versions, of which, unquestionably the countrt
will approve. He is interested in the welfare of
at least a dozen charitable organizations and one
of his beliefs is that: “He gives twice who gives
quickly.” Mr. Wickersham is immensely interested
in the welfare of the blind. He is a director of a
great New York institution which cares for and edu
cates children who have lost their sight.
Frank H. Hitchcock, who is Mr. Taft's postmas
ter general, is a bachelor, devoted to the outdoor
life, a lover of birds and beasts and a student or '
nearly every branch of natural history. Not only
is the postmaster general a student of nature, but
he has done an immense amount of work along sci- j
entific lines.
Three years ago last summer the waiter of this j
article went to Oyster Bay, the home of President
Roosevelt. Mr. Hitchcock was there also, and sev
eral hours were spent in his company in the
grounds outlying the former president’s home.
There is a deep wood just beyond the Roosevelt
lawn and garden, and from the wood on that sum
mer day there came constantly, songs of birds,
many different species singing one after the oth
er. Many of the notes that were heard were those
of different members of the little warbler family,
birds whose notes are so similar that it is impos
sible for any except the most sensitive ear to differ- ;
entiate between them. Mr. Hitchcock identified one 1
bird after another simply by hearing its song. Once
on a time the postmaster general classified 10,000
birds for a museum of natural history with which
he was connected. One of the ties between the
present postmaster general and former President
Roosevelt was their common love of nature.
Secretary of the Interior Richard A. Ballinger
has few diversions except that of golf. Mr. Ballin
ger was born in Iowa 50 years ago, and nearly all
his life has been spent in some part of the west.
vvnen James Wilson, secreiary ui agriculture,
was asked once what his diversion, was he an
swered, “farming." This idea of diversion is one j
that is held largely by men who combine the love
of nature with agricultural instinct.
One of Mr. Wilson’s diversions is story telling
They say in Washington that if his homely sayings
could be gathered and put into a book, the reader
would get a fund of humor and wisdom combined.
When Charles Nagel, Mr. Taft’s secretary of
commerce and labor, is not engaged in the work of
his department he is thinking over matters of edu
cation and art. Mr. Nagel is to some extent a de
votee' of the outdoor life, but he is prone to giving
much of his time to the study of matters pertain
ing to the schools.
Taking Mr. Taft's cabinet ail in ail it is just about
as human a body of men as can be gathered togeth
er. There is an impression prevalent that the mem
bers of this Washington official family are rather
of what Walter Scott calls, “the-dry-as-dusr.” mate
rial, but there has been a misunderstanding appar
ently concerning the nature of these advisers of the
president. They know their law and they know
their agriculture and their finance, but while they
know how to study they also know how to play, but
not one of them knows how to play one whit bet
ter than does their chief, who is about a‘ss jolly a
man personally as the United States has yet pre
A
Why She Married Him.
John'J. Hayes, the marathon cham
pion, was describing in New York the
enthusiasm that the marathon race
caused among Americans In London.
“That race,” he said, "was the chief
motive that took us Americans abroad
last summer. Indeed, coming back on
the boat, I heard an almost incredible
story about the race’s attraction.
“There was a very pretty girl
aboard who seemed unhappy. Her un
happiness was due to her husband.
She was married to a rich, but very
old man; he might have been her
grandfather.
“She was a very frank sort of girl,
and she confided her marital troubles
to one of the ladies at her table. From
her confidence It was plain that the
aged husband was a brute.
“ 'But, my dear child,’ said the lady,
‘what ever induced you to marry such
a man?’
“ ‘Well, you see,’ said the girl, ‘I was
so anxious to see that marathon
race.’ ”
Fewer Books Borrowed.
The borrowing of novels is declin
ing all over England, being not more
than 15 per cent, of the work done
by public libraries. In the public li
braries of the United Kingdom there
are 4,000 000 reference and 8,000,000
lending books; 11,000,000 reference
books are consulted every year, ac
cording to the records, and at least an
equal number are taken from the
shelves and consulted without being
recorded. Every year 60,000,000 books
are lent for home reading. Giving
further detail the Investigator states
that “the taste for history, biography
and travel is on the wane; readers
are all for science and sociology, and
new books on socialism are always
in demand.”—Progress.
Punctured Cloth a Trimming.
There is a broadcloth trimming now
in use which is covered with a design
in holes. These are made with a
stiletto. It is called punctured cloth,
and it is used for revers, waistcoats,
and panels on skirts and coal*
I SUITABLE ARRANGEMENT.
i I 1 - I
"Can you lend me half a dollar?"
“Sorry, I've only a quarter, and I
want that to get my hair cut.”
“Good. Give it to me and I’ll cut
your hair.”
BOY TORTURED BY ECZEMA
“When my boy was six years oid, he
suffered terribly with eczema. He
J could neither sit still nor lie quietly in
| bed, for the itching was dreadful. He
would irritate spots by scratching
| with his nails and that only made
them worse. A doctor treated him
and we tried almost everything, but
the eczema seemed to spread. It
started in a small place on the lower
extremities and spread for two years
until it very nearly covered the back
part of his leg to the knee.
"Finally I got Cuticura Soap, Cuti
cura Ointment and Cuticura Pills and
gave them according to directions. I
used them in the morning and that
evening, before I put my boy to bed,
I used them again and the improve
ment even in those fewT hours was sur
prising, the inflammation seemed to
be so much less. I used two boxes of
Cuticura Ointment, the same of the
Pills and the Soap and my boy was
cured. My son is now in his sev
enteenth year and he has never had
a return of the eczema.
“I took care of a friend’s child that
had eczema on its face and limbs and
1 used the Cuticura Soap and Ointment.
They acted on the child just as they
did on my son and it has never re
turned. I would recommend the Cuti
cura Remedies to anyone. Mrs. A. J.
Cochran, 1823 Columbia Ave., Phila
delphia, Pa., Oct. 20, 1909.”
Chiia of the Press.
Mrs. Cynthia Westover Alden was
the founder of the International Sun
shine society, which is now said to
have a membership of 3,000,000. She
is president general of the society,
which was christened with 18 sp<*i
3ors in New York city at Christmas.
1896. It has been called the child of
the press. Mrs. Alden being connected
with a New York paper.
It is so hard to separate some men
from their money that they seem to
be suffering from lockjaw of the
pocketbcok.
It’s the judgment of many smokers that
Lewis’ Single Hinder 5c cigar equals in
quality most 10c cigars .
Following cheap advice is apt to
prove expensive.
KOW- KURE
is not a "food”—it is a medicine, and the
only medicine in the world for cows only.
Made for the cow and, as its name indicates,
a cow cure, barrenness, retained after
birth, abortion, scours, caked udder, and all
similar affections positively and quickly
cured. No one who keeps cows, whether
many or few, can afford to be without KOW
KUHE. It is made especially to keep com s
healthy. Our book “Cow Money’* sent FRKE.
Ask your local dealer for KOW-KUKE or scud
to the manufacturers. J
DAIRY ASSOCIATION CO. Lyndonville, Vt.
No Matter
what Liver or Bowel medicine you
are using, stop it now. Get a lOo
box—week’s treatment — of CAS
CARETS today from your druggist
and learn how easily, naturally and
delightfully your liver can be made
to work, and your bowels move every
day. There’s new life in every box.
CASCARETS are nature's helper.
You will see the difference! 883
CUT THIS OFT. mall It with your address to
Sterling Remedy Co., Chicago. 111., and receive
a handsome souvenir gold Bon Bon FRFE
BROWN’S
Bronchial Troches
Save the voice in all kinds of weather. Singcr3 and
public speakers find them invaluable for clearing the
voice. There is nothing so efiective for Sore Throat,
Hoarseness and Coughs. Fifty years' reputation.
Price, 25 cents, 50 cents and $1.00 per box.
Samples mailed on request.
JOHN I. BROWN & SON. Boston, Mass.
DATEIIT VOCE IDEAS. They may bring y u
■ A I Ell I wealth. »’4-pag** Book fen***- j • :
Fitzgerald & Co.. Pat.Attys.Box K. Wa>hmgt'>n.J» *
rt^'^“uLh; Thompson’s Eye Water
If Children Like j)
m kst mmi m
!t is so pleasant to take stops the
cough so quickly. Absolutely safe
too and contains no opiates.
Ali Druggists, 25 cents.
*—J
