COW STALLS TO KEEP ANI MALS CLEAN AND HEALTHY Cue in Use at Minnesota University Dairy Barn Is Shown in Illustration—Dimensions for Comfortable Stand. Cow Stall for Dairy Barn. The accompanying cut illustrates the cow stall now in use at the dairy barn. University of Minnesota. The cow is fastened by means of a rope or chain which snaps behind her. The length of the stall from the gutter to the front post should be seven feet. (A to B.) The gates which are four feet long should all swing the same. way so that the stalls may be more easily cleaned. It will be noticed by refer ring to the cut that the rear posts just in front of the gutter slant back at the ceiling, thus giving more room for the milker. The width of the stall from cen ter to center is usually given as three feet, but we find three feet too nar row even with small Jersey cows. I One of the cows takes a four foot stall, but she is exceptionally large and not of the dairy type. For the average dairy animal of the Holstein. Jersey and Guernsey breed, three and one-half feet has been found none too vide for a comfortable stall. Stationary mangers are not as good as loose ones. The adjustable man ger is the whole thing. It is impossible to keep a cow clean without adjusting the manger so that she stands just at the edge of the gutter. In the university farm barn there is a difference of one foot and four inches in the lengih of the stalls of Belle and Cylene from that occupied by Letta. If a cow or heifer stands six inches ahead of the gutter it is impossible to keep her clean. HOLLOW CONCRETE FENCE POST (BY C. A. COOK.) To construct hollow re-enforced con crete fence posts, a few modifications of the ordinary mold are necessary, in addition to the core to be placed in the center of the post. The mold for an ordinary four by four inch post, seven feet long, consists of a bottom, two sides and two end gates, all of which are held together by three iron clamps placed over the top of the sides after they are put together. The sides are held to the bottom by small dowel pins inserted in holes in the bottom, so that the sides may be read ily revolved, leaving the finished post lying on the base to harden. One end gate must have a two-inch hole in it. through which the core may he with drawn. The wooden core is constructed of five pieces and is two inches in diame ter. Its full length should be seven and jone-haif feet. A round piece of soft wood may be sawed into five strips, so that when the central portion is with drawn, the narrow sides and then the wider sides may be removed from the -.concrete post. 'The galvanized iron core tapers from two inches in diameter at the larger end to three-fourths of an inch at the top end for a seven-foot post is seven feet two Inches long. This can be made by any tinsmith from good heavy galvanized iron and should be closed at the smaller end. The mold is fastened together, and afcout one inch of concrete is placed on the bottom before the core is put in position. After being wrapped with paper, the core should be passed through the hole in the lower end gate. The paper covering will permit the removal of the core in 20 to 30 minutes after the post is made. The galvanized iron core may be greased i but the paper is fully as effective. The wooden core extends entirely through the post, and two end gates with two-inch holes in them are used v.ith it. The metal core should be placed in the mold so that the smaller end is about two inches from the top oi the post. After the core is in posi tion the remainder of the concrete can be put in and the post set aside to harden until the core and molds can be removed. ------ Look over the Farm. Take an hour off sometime to go over your farm and pick out the pau per acres. Then see to it that these acres are not put in regular farm crops next year unless heavily ma nured and specially treated. Unless this can be done, either build them up by sowing legumes or else put them to making timber. The farmers of the south cannot afford to culti vate a million or two acres of land every year which they would be rich er by never touching at all. Productive Soils. The whole problem of making any soil produce high yields is to fill it completely full of a variety of rich fertilizers, which, no doubt, was the case with the very profitable patch of pumpkins mentioned. Every square rod of the land we cultivate should be as rich as our gardens and flower beds. The soil of the field should be full of rich organic and mineral mat ter. These two will make pumpkins grow and make any crops grow. In New York recently died a man who always kept on hand $.">0,000,000 to $75,000,000 in spot cash. Doubtless he achieved this eminence among New Yorkers by cutting out the champsgno suppers. PROFITABLE TO WINTER SWINE By Proper Feeding Hogs Can Be Kept at Reasonable Cost— Home-Grown Feeds Make Good Rations. (BY J M. DUNLAP.) It is a common question to be asked it it will pay to winter swine. I can see but one way to winter swine at a reasonable cost, and It is to winter them on as cheap feeds as possible, and make hojne-grown feeds, clover, alfalfa and ensilage form a prominent part of the ration. It we can winter an animal In this way and feed out only a small amount of grain, I think we can make fairly good gains, but it is a common occur rence to go on a farm in the spring and see 100 hogs that will weigh the same in May as they did in De cember, and all of the corn cribs * FRANK H HJTCHCOCK, POSTP1ASTFR-GENERAL. as one of the legal iights of the United States. If an account were kept it seems likely that the visits paid to the n White House by George W. Wicker sham, the attorney general, would be found to outnumber those paid by any other cabinet official. Mr. Wickersliam is in charge of the prosecution of the law breakers which the government is carrying forward, and the attorney general knows, as the country knows. J that the legal opinion of the president is worth while. Mr. Wiekersham, when he was first mentioned for a llFRANKUN flAcVSACH.SECRETARY IHOF THE TREASURY U cabinet position was called by tho ' press of the country “the great uu known.” Mr. Wickershatn is no longer unknown. His position as the attorney for the United States in all its civil and criminal pro ceedings keeps him constantly in CHARLES JiAGEL, SECRETARY OF [CO/YHERCE AMD LABOR the light. The attorney general looks like a student. Lawyers say of him that I f(uAU£J WJLJOJi, TO/ )\S£CR£TARY 0£ r^l agriculture they wish to talk with the president 1 without being obliged to wait their turns with senators, representatives and the private citizens of the land, who under the new' arrangement are given JACOB n. D/CKWJO/V, SECRETARY Of WAR soil he brings his best efforts to bear to cul tivate a garden. The secretary has read the Ftory written by Mrs. Theodore Thomas, the , widow of the great orchestra leader, a 6tory which told how she made a success ful garden on the a waiting room of their own. Mr. Taft’s cabinet forms what might be called a legal family. Most of the members are law yers of the first rank, and it is an open secret that they were selected because of their high ability. There are no longer books on nature and books on general history subjects in the office li brary of the White House. New book shelves have been put in and on them are hundreds ot the brownish-red covered volumes which beto ken the law book. It is said that cabinet meet ings these days take on the semblance of a con sultation of lawyers. As an example of this it may be said that one day the president in talking to some newspaper correspondents said that no matter what subject was broached in the cabinet room at that time the thoughts of everyone went from the suggested subject to the matter of the strengthening of the anti-trust laws. What the president said at that time is prac tically true of most of the present sessions of the cabinet, for It is known that while Mr. Taft is anxious to carry out the Roosevelt policies, he wants to buttress them with the law so that no constitutional flaws can be found In them by means of which after the best intentions on the part of the legislators, the guilty might find a means of escape. It must not be supposed for an Instant that be cause most of Mr. Taft’s cabinet members are lawyers, they have no avocations in life to turn them aside frequently from their vocations. Take the ranking member of the cabinet for instance, Philander Chase Knox The secretary of state is a devotee of the outdoor life, and is no less ac tive in open air pursuits than was President Roosevelt, though it is true that Mr. Knox does not care for the pursuit of game nor for the study of natural history. The secretary of state, when he Is not discuss ing matters with the president, or Is not engaged in straightening out international tangles, is eith er playing golf or driving a pair of fast, spirited horses. There are few more ardent lovers of “the noble horse" than Secretary Knox He rides oc casionally and he is not averse to taking a five ha'. red gate if his mount is a jumper, and if the gate happens in his way The secretary's chief delight is driving On his Pennsylvania farm near Valley Forge, the scene of the awful winter which was passed by the continental army under George Washington, Mr Knox has many horses of approved pedigree, and many dairy animals also of noted forbears Franklin MacVeagh. the secretary of the treas ury, who is the second ranking officer In Mr Taft’s cabinet, is a merchant, although in early days he studied law Mr MacVeagh Is not given particularly to the strenuous life as it is viewed generally. He i3 much of a walker and has a ove of nature which leads him afield on many a amble, but for games, and for shooting, the sec etary cares little Up near Dublin, New Hampshire, the treasury 4 ‘ « country hu ’ ~p rock-bound hills of the north. Mr. Macveagh has profited by the reading and while his garden per haps is not equal to that planned and cultivated by Mrs. Thomas, it contains many of the flowers of the kind that make pleasant what people are given to call old fashioned gardens. Mr. Taft consults his treasury chief about econ omies in government. It was Mr. MacVeagh who was asked as soon as Mr. Taft took office, to pro vide ways and means to save money in the differ ent departments. The merchant cabinet member had the advantage of a long business training, and it did not take him long to discover that it was possible to save many thousands of dollars by putting business methods in effect in the dif ferent bureaus of government. It was found for instance, that a good many bureaus of the depart ments were in the habit of purchasing their sup plies independently. The result of this was that some of them were paying much more money for some articles than was being paid by others. Reform in purchase methods has come and it has come also in many other lines, the net re sult being that Uncle Sam’s pocketbook is being saved a good many thousands of dollars yearly. Jacob M. Dickinson, the secretary of war in Mr. Taft’s cabinet, is a southern man and a Demo crat. It may seem a little curious at first thought, but it is a fact that the army officers in the main, are glad that a southerner is the chief of the war department. Despite the attitude of some Demo cratic southern members of congress on army questions generally, the southerners feel kindly toward the officers and men of the service. There is something in the. military life that appeals to them, and while the official southern Democrats generally are outspoken against what they call the danger of a great standing army, the military establishment as it is has their sympathy always, and their support frequently. The secretary of war comes from that section of the country where everybody loves horses, and he is no exception to the rule. He is a golf play er also, and this fact perhaps makes him appeal to Mr. Taft’s sympathies just as much as does the fact that the secretary is a great lawyer Secre tary Dickinson is not serving in Washington in an official capacity for the first time. Years ago he was the assistant attorney general during the last 24 months of the Cleveland administration, and he was counsel for the government afterward in the matter of the settlement of the Alaskan boundary dispute. When the president has a particularly knotty problem in legislation on hand and needs to study it from a legal standpoint, he goes over it himself first, just as a judge on the bench does with sub mitted evidence, forms his own opinion, and then calls in the “supreme court" of his cabinet which is composed of the great lawyers, Knox, Dickin son, Wickersham, Nagel and Ballinger It is pos sible that Mr. Taft depends just as much upon the legal opinion of his secretary cf war as he does upon that of his attorney general At any f P tbP W"r 1o nPCOl'T' -• he has one of the keenest ana most anaijticai minds known to the profession. Mr. Wickersham cares very little for the outdoor life and perhaps he is a man who by temperament would not have ap pealed in the least to a president like Theodore Roosevelt, but the attorney general has diversions which occupy his leisure hours, and they are di versions, of which, unquestionably the countrt will approve. He is interested in the welfare of at least a dozen charitable organizations and one of his beliefs is that: “He gives twice who gives quickly.” Mr. Wickersham is immensely interested in the welfare of the blind. He is a director of a great New York institution which cares for and edu cates children who have lost their sight. Frank H. Hitchcock, who is Mr. Taft's postmas ter general, is a bachelor, devoted to the outdoor life, a lover of birds and beasts and a student or ' nearly every branch of natural history. Not only is the postmaster general a student of nature, but he has done an immense amount of work along sci- j entific lines. Three years ago last summer the waiter of this j article went to Oyster Bay, the home of President Roosevelt. Mr. Hitchcock was there also, and sev eral hours were spent in his company in the grounds outlying the former president’s home. There is a deep wood just beyond the Roosevelt lawn and garden, and from the wood on that sum mer day there came constantly, songs of birds, many different species singing one after the oth er. Many of the notes that were heard were those of different members of the little warbler family, birds whose notes are so similar that it is impos sible for any except the most sensitive ear to differ- ; entiate between them. Mr. Hitchcock identified one 1 bird after another simply by hearing its song. Once on a time the postmaster general classified 10,000 birds for a museum of natural history with which he was connected. One of the ties between the present postmaster general and former President Roosevelt was their common love of nature. Secretary of the Interior Richard A. Ballinger has few diversions except that of golf. Mr. Ballin ger was born in Iowa 50 years ago, and nearly all his life has been spent in some part of the west. vvnen James Wilson, secreiary ui agriculture, was asked once what his diversion, was he an swered, “farming." This idea of diversion is one j that is held largely by men who combine the love of nature with agricultural instinct. One of Mr. Wilson’s diversions is story telling They say in Washington that if his homely sayings could be gathered and put into a book, the reader would get a fund of humor and wisdom combined. When Charles Nagel, Mr. Taft’s secretary of commerce and labor, is not engaged in the work of his department he is thinking over matters of edu cation and art. Mr. Nagel is to some extent a de votee' of the outdoor life, but he is prone to giving much of his time to the study of matters pertain ing to the schools. Taking Mr. Taft's cabinet ail in ail it is just about as human a body of men as can be gathered togeth er. There is an impression prevalent that the mem bers of this Washington official family are rather of what Walter Scott calls, “the-dry-as-dusr.” mate rial, but there has been a misunderstanding appar ently concerning the nature of these advisers of the president. They know their law and they know their agriculture and their finance, but while they know how to study they also know how to play, but not one of them knows how to play one whit bet ter than does their chief, who is about a‘ss jolly a man personally as the United States has yet pre A Why She Married Him. John'J. Hayes, the marathon cham pion, was describing in New York the enthusiasm that the marathon race caused among Americans In London. “That race,” he said, "was the chief motive that took us Americans abroad last summer. Indeed, coming back on the boat, I heard an almost incredible story about the race’s attraction. “There was a very pretty girl aboard who seemed unhappy. Her un happiness was due to her husband. She was married to a rich, but very old man; he might have been her grandfather. “She was a very frank sort of girl, and she confided her marital troubles to one of the ladies at her table. From her confidence It was plain that the aged husband was a brute. “ 'But, my dear child,’ said the lady, ‘what ever induced you to marry such a man?’ “ ‘Well, you see,’ said the girl, ‘I was so anxious to see that marathon race.’ ” Fewer Books Borrowed. The borrowing of novels is declin ing all over England, being not more than 15 per cent, of the work done by public libraries. In the public li braries of the United Kingdom there are 4,000 000 reference and 8,000,000 lending books; 11,000,000 reference books are consulted every year, ac cording to the records, and at least an equal number are taken from the shelves and consulted without being recorded. Every year 60,000,000 books are lent for home reading. Giving further detail the Investigator states that “the taste for history, biography and travel is on the wane; readers are all for science and sociology, and new books on socialism are always in demand.”—Progress. Punctured Cloth a Trimming. There is a broadcloth trimming now in use which is covered with a design in holes. These are made with a stiletto. It is called punctured cloth, and it is used for revers, waistcoats, and panels on skirts and coal* I SUITABLE ARRANGEMENT. i I 1 - I "Can you lend me half a dollar?" “Sorry, I've only a quarter, and I want that to get my hair cut.” “Good. Give it to me and I’ll cut your hair.” BOY TORTURED BY ECZEMA “When my boy was six years oid, he suffered terribly with eczema. He J could neither sit still nor lie quietly in | bed, for the itching was dreadful. He would irritate spots by scratching | with his nails and that only made them worse. A doctor treated him and we tried almost everything, but the eczema seemed to spread. It started in a small place on the lower extremities and spread for two years until it very nearly covered the back part of his leg to the knee. "Finally I got Cuticura Soap, Cuti cura Ointment and Cuticura Pills and gave them according to directions. I used them in the morning and that evening, before I put my boy to bed, I used them again and the improve ment even in those fewT hours was sur prising, the inflammation seemed to be so much less. I used two boxes of Cuticura Ointment, the same of the Pills and the Soap and my boy was cured. My son is now in his sev enteenth year and he has never had a return of the eczema. “I took care of a friend’s child that had eczema on its face and limbs and 1 used the Cuticura Soap and Ointment. They acted on the child just as they did on my son and it has never re turned. I would recommend the Cuti cura Remedies to anyone. Mrs. A. J. Cochran, 1823 Columbia Ave., Phila delphia, Pa., Oct. 20, 1909.” Chiia of the Press. Mrs. Cynthia Westover Alden was the founder of the International Sun shine society, which is now said to have a membership of 3,000,000. She is president general of the society, which was christened with 18 sp<*i 3ors in New York city at Christmas. 1896. It has been called the child of the press. Mrs. Alden being connected with a New York paper. It is so hard to separate some men from their money that they seem to be suffering from lockjaw of the pocketbcok. It’s the judgment of many smokers that Lewis’ Single Hinder 5c cigar equals in quality most 10c cigars . Following cheap advice is apt to prove expensive. KOW- KURE is not a "food”—it is a medicine, and the only medicine in the world for cows only. Made for the cow and, as its name indicates, a cow cure, barrenness, retained after birth, abortion, scours, caked udder, and all similar affections positively and quickly cured. No one who keeps cows, whether many or few, can afford to be without KOW KUHE. It is made especially to keep com s healthy. Our book “Cow Money’* sent FRKE. Ask your local dealer for KOW-KUKE or scud to the manufacturers. J DAIRY ASSOCIATION CO. Lyndonville, Vt. No Matter what Liver or Bowel medicine you are using, stop it now. Get a lOo box—week’s treatment — of CAS CARETS today from your druggist and learn how easily, naturally and delightfully your liver can be made to work, and your bowels move every day. There’s new life in every box. CASCARETS are nature's helper. You will see the difference! 883 CUT THIS OFT. mall It with your address to Sterling Remedy Co., Chicago. 111., and receive a handsome souvenir gold Bon Bon FRFE BROWN’S Bronchial Troches Save the voice in all kinds of weather. Singcr3 and public speakers find them invaluable for clearing the voice. There is nothing so efiective for Sore Throat, Hoarseness and Coughs. Fifty years' reputation. Price, 25 cents, 50 cents and $1.00 per box. Samples mailed on request. JOHN I. BROWN & SON. Boston, Mass. DATEIIT VOCE IDEAS. They may bring y u ■ A I Ell I wealth. »’4-pag** Book fen***- j • : Fitzgerald & Co.. Pat.Attys.Box K. Wa>hmgt'>n.J» * rt^'^“uLh; Thompson’s Eye Water If Children Like j) m kst mmi m !t is so pleasant to take stops the cough so quickly. Absolutely safe too and contains no opiates. Ali Druggists, 25 cents. *—J