Image provided by: University of Nebraska-Lincoln Libraries, Lincoln, NE
About The Nebraska independent. (Lincoln, Nebraska) 1896-1902 | View Entire Issue (July 10, 1902)
J t CV WW II II SMI ivr. h" r i A mrni: VOL. XIV. LINCOLN, NEBRASKA, JULY 10, ,1902. NO. 7. MR. BRIDE'S REVIEW 4 Oar Washington Correspondent Gives a Resume of What Our Two Billion Dol ' Ur Coorrcit Hu Done-J nit Tiro Bill of Importance Passed Washington, D. C, July 7, 1902. (Special Correspondence.) Congress has adjourned and the mantle of time has fallen over the shades of another session. It ; has been an important session, not only for the vast amounts appropriated, from the government treasury, but from the lack of business transacted. Nothing of importance, "save the canal bill and the Philippine civil government bill, has been passed which interests the entire country. Pledges regarding the regulation of the trusts have been notoriously avoid ed, in fact' there has been nothing at all done which gives the slightest inti mation of republican hostility to these large combinations in restraint of trade. They passed the canal bill. Yes! But' the word is whispered that the canal lobby had more to do with the selection of the Panama route than was at first expected. A canal will be a great thing, but the choice of routes, surrounded with such foul tales, should cause a blush of shame to arise even among the canal's most enthusiastic advocates. The Philip pine civil government bill was a clear ly un-American measure it is an offi cial proclamation that the doctrine of "government by consent of the gov erned" is no longer an American slo gan. This bill one can readily see by even reading it casually is a di- . rect piece of trust legislation. Its manifold opportunities given the trusts will in no wise be discarded by them. It is as notorious a piece of pro-trust work as congress dared to pass. This congress appropriated more money from the treasury at one session than any other in the history of the coun try. But one session has been com pleted and yet the official disburse ments amount to over a billion dol lars. But one session completed and yet the appropriations amount to $77, 000,000 over the billion dollar mark. It is the largest amount that has ever been appropriated out of the treas ury at one session nay, even at two sessions. And in the whole amount can it be seen that the people have ben efitted by the large amounts to be ex pended? Irrigation! Yes, the. people do benefit by that; but the sale of pub lic lands insures the return of the funds to the United States treasury. The people have not been benefitted, Has the old soldier been treated an; ; better? No! the pension appropria- tions have been, cut .down" in pursuance with ex-Commissioner Evans policy Yet Evans was he man the Grand Army sough to have ousted. Yes, he was ousted. Ousted into the second best paying official position In the gift of the United States and mean while his policy is being pursued in the management of the pension office. ,Nr, this has not been a "people's con gress" in any sense of the word. Congress adjourned in a burst of song and congeniality. Democrats united with their republican brethren in cheering the close of the term. The speaker, too, came In for a united out burst of applause. "Insurgent" re publicans locked arms with the 'reg ulars" and all seemed to be well. The southerners joined their brothers from the north in singing "Yankee Doodie" and the "Star Spangled Banner" and, led by Speaker Henderson, a rousing "Dixie" was rendered. Then the speaker's favorite, "There's a Hole in the Bottom of the Sea," was given by the insurgent quartet. The press gal lery rendered the "doxology" as the members began to say their "Adieus." And so the first session of the Fiftyl hfth congress had adjourned "sine die" at 5:30 on July 1st. On Monday in the senate there wna witnessed another outbreak that gave every indication of being another Till-man-McLaurin episode. Senator Bai ley of Texas took occasion to rip So licitor Penfield up the back when Sen ator Beveridge, wrathy as a Kansas, blizzard, arose to defend him. Ex changes of personality followed and soon It could be seen that both were getting . mad. Friends tried to inter vene, but thisonly served to lull their wounded sensibilities for a short time. Finally the senate adjourned for the day and Senator Bailey went directly to Senator Beveridge and gave him one of the worst chokings that this pestiferous little grasshopper has had for many a day. They were finally dragged apart,' and, as the whole af fair had happened after the adjourn ment for the day, nothing could V; done officially about it. In this case, I must take sides with Beveridge. Bailey was surely in the wrong, and, while I believe that a good choking is what Beveridge deserved, I must say .that there have been far more oppor tune moments to administer it. Bailey had criticised scathingly one of Bev eridge's constituents and Beveridge very justly took his side of the case. Bailey was antagonized and a few per sonal remarks goaded him on be yond the limit. Bailey was wrong, buc as I said before Beveridge's .mean, earcastic manner is enough to goad any one on. I have seen many times in the senate when he has deserved i good sound thrashing and really be ' lieved he would get it before the ses sion was over. But in the concrete case mentioned, Beveridge was doing no more than his duty to defend a man he believed innocent. The affair has not been terminated yet. Solicitor Penfield has made an attack on Bailey and Bailey's friends will demand his dismissal by the president. For a gov ernment employe to so bitterly de nounce a United States senator is grievous offense and one , that will . probably cause-the solicitor, to lose a nice job. Washington is no longer the capital of the United States. The seat of gov ernment has been , transferred for the. past two days to the little hamlet of Oyster Bay, Long Island. The presi dent, after making his Fourth of July oration at Pittsburg, has started on his period of rest at his country home. So that for the heated term and Washington is pretty hot the capita! of the nation will be at Oyster Bay, The president's office will be over a bank a very fitting place of business for a republican president. The president made a speech s,t Pittsburg on the Fourth of July that savors of the political In its practW;?! sense. Here Teddy promised that the trusts would be controlled by legisla tion to be passed during the coming session of congress. It was practically the same thing that he said at Min neapolis nearly a year ago. He has now been president for nearly a year dur ing which tfme he has had a congress of his own political faith and had Le advanced any ;way to regulate the trusts and demanded Its passage, no republican would have dared to face his constituents if, the bill had failed. But the practical politics can be seen in the speech, delivered by Teddy. There , is to be an election of a new house of representatives this fall and he is very desirous of securing a re publican majority. At the - present time the chances seem to favor demo cratic control and Teddy-will promise anti-trust legislation if the people will only do the right thing. It is a cam paign play to. attack-the trusts by promises to destroy them after elec tion and one that will likely be scat tered broadcast by the republican con gressional committee. : But will the people believe any such rot as that? He has had ample - opportunities to curb their unlawful practices, but the president is loath to do anything' with them save to promise their extermi nation some day.' It is the old Span ish proverb, "Mananna! Mananna pro la Mananna," which translated freely means "tomorrow never comes." And the day that' brings anti-trust, legisla tion from a party that has grown to Its political supremacy through cam paign funds furnished by the trusts will never turn its hand against its most liberal benefactor. They praise the bridge that . carries them over. . On Friday, the Fourth of July, gen eral amnesty, was . granted to all the. political prisoners in the Philippines.' Aguinaldo and the other Filipinos who were incarcerated were released and Mabini and those who-were deported to ' Guam were ' brought back to th e Philippines. . I There were about six hundred who came within - the order and all were ; glad-to -be released from tivity.i : Aguinaldo, it Is rumored, l visit i the United - States; to Jearn more about the- conditions In America. Cholera is still raging in Manila and the whole jbrovlnce . of Luzon. The latest reports show 4 that there have been over three thousand cases of the dread disease and that out of this number oyer two - thousand five hun dred' have died. Conditions have be -come so alarming that many, ports in the islands have quarantined against Manila and detention camps have been established' to keep the disease, from getting any further headway 'among the American troops. Already It has spread to an amazing extent among the Americans and three-fourths of those attacked have succumbed to its pow erful infections. . Extra precautions are being taken at San Francisco to prevent the Importation of the malady. Each shipload is to be quarantined un til a thorough investigation can be made of each" returning person and of his whereabouts in the islands before he will be allowed to enter. If-the disease is found aboardship or any one found who has come into contact with the disease a thorough quarantine will be established. ; 1 This system . will be pursued at both Manila and San Fran cisco. This shows thatthe administra tion is reaping. a whirlwind In the Isl ands. First an insurrection ! and now come reports 'of the most dreaded of diseases known to mankind. "The way of the transgressor is hard" and when the administration has overstepped ev ery tradition of the republic and has trampled, under foot every loved prin ciple of the republic," known and rev ered since the foundation stones were laid, such rewards can be but just. , WILLIAM W. BRIDE. REPUBLICVN REPUDIATION : Why the Parry Refused to Carry Out Their riatrorm rjeaffes in Regard to the -Admission of Territories The difficulty now In getting through legislation which touches the. silver question even remotely," says a Wash ington special, "as seen at the close of a working session, emphasizes the dan- i ger of six more southwestern senators, and is likely to have .some influence on public opinion during the reeess." Here is undoubtedly the secret of the hostility to the admission of three new states, coupled, of course, with the objections ; that r populous states have to the creation of new ones. This sentiment is not, strictly speaking, partisan it is sectional. , partisan fears also play " a part, so : that the three objections to the omnibus state hood bill are based on -the following points : Fear of an increase of silver senators, fear of old and numerically large commonwealths of new and les3 populous states, fear of extreme par tisans In both parties that the oppo sition may gain more votes In . con gress. To attempt to overcome any of these objections by fair argument Is next to impossible, as. they are based on prejudice, sectionalism and sense less fears. To elevate them by treat ing them in an argumentative , manner would be to give them a dignity they do not deserve. 'Neither sectionalism nor prejudice has any ; regard for the rights of the 1,000,000 American citi zens residing in the three territories, nor for. the" treaty obligations that ex ist so far as citizens of j New - Mexico are concerned. : They are difficult ' to overcome save by the force of a ma jority. Denvr News.- i v j RIGHT SPIRIT Postmaster General Payne Urges the Es tablishment of Postal Currency Trees-"' . ury Department Says "Too Much Work" It is said that congress has been compelled to force upon the treasury department every reform of any mo ment instituted in the past twenty years, and It is quite time that con gress specifically Instructed that . de partment to adjust itself to the public needs and to print its paper money of small denominations in such a man ner that - it may be conveniently and safely sent through the mails. It is a simple request of the people and, as the postmaster general says in his report-to the senate and house commit tee, "It Is not unreasonable to expect from the government that it will pro vide an easy, convenient and - safe method to transmit small sums, say less than two dollars in amount, with out putting the sender to the incon venience and expense which now ob tain in compelling him to purchase a draft or posto Sice money order, and the bills in question aim to provide such method." . The particular department official most opposed to the Post check meas urejis Mr. Roberts, treasurer of the United Statesman honored official, but grown old in the service. His objec tions seem to arise from an exag gerated idea of. the work and change from the present routine, preferring to adhere toxoid methods 'no matter how imperatively new conditions may be demanded. ; In other words, the preservation of existing official routine is placed at a higher value than the needs of the people arising from- our rapid commer cial development along new lines. - Opposed to that ultra-conservative view are the opinions. of Auditor Cas tle, and Third Assistant Postmaster General Madden, whose report meets 'every objection raised by the treasurer. The last named gentlemen together with the - postmaster general, a busi ness man of large experience coming to the cabinet fresh- from the people, refer to the Post check currency as the best system known to them and it is noteworthy that their official ex perience has brought them into closer acquaintance with the ne6ds of the people and the imperfections of the present system than any other mem bers of the joint postoffice and treas ury committee established to consider this subject. The thanks of the coun try are due to these gentlemen for their willingness to consider, th&, Post x:heck, measure on . the : ground .of its public utility and for their, refusal io be hampered 'by existing . official , rou tine or to allow themselves to be en tangled in the meshes of official . red tape. ' ''-, The postmaster general in reporting back the Post check bills ,to the sen ate and. house committees, was placed In rather a delicate position because of the refusal of the treasury to assist. He says "there is great need for some form at postal currency, and that pro vided for in the bills under considera tion (Post check bills) is very simple, easily understood, - and would prove of incalculable convenience to the pub lic, if the bills could be enacted int6 law. I do not doubt, if congress in its wisdom should pass somesuch meas ure, the executive officers of the gov ernment would find a way to carry in to effect- its provisions." Because of the lack of co-operation of' the treasury department in his views, the postmaster general, with 3 high sense of his duty to the people and, as he says, "feeling, strongly that It is the duty of the postoffice depart ment to go as far as possible In meet ing the situation," has prepared a bill for the consideration of-congress, the provisions of which could be executed entirely by his- department. Without abandoning hi -views as to the super ior comprehensiveness, : convenience and usefulness of the Post check system,- the postmaster general suggests that congress could furnish a partial relief by adopting some form of print ed money order that could be sold at the postoffice or wherever stamps are sold, which would not involve the treasury department in its execution and which, as he says, goes "as far as this departmentlis able to do." .. The effort of the postmaster general to go as far as he can, by, means . of the machinery of his own department, in meeting the needs of the people is most commendable, but, as is very ap parent, the measure proposed will af ford only partial relief to the people, for the old and tiresome journey to se cure the order would still have to be made and that would kill the plan. Congress will have to. decide, there fore, whether the possible temporary inconvenience of one bUreau of ; the treasury department and one official shall be allowed to hamper and Clog the wheels of progress so that seventy five million people must continue to So business without the convenience af forded by the Post check. Money is printed by the treasury de partment solely for the convenience of the people. The whole department is owned by the people and is for the convenience of the people and, as the postmaster general well ( Suggests, if coagress says that the Post check shall be established ."the y executive officers of the government would find a way to c. rry Into effect its provisions." The duty of congress is to take the matter, up as Mr. Payne, Mr. Madden, and Mrv Castle have taken hold of it, to sift the matter to the bottom and, if it Is found that the people are kept from the enjoyment of a great public con venience only by the inertia of certain public servants, the measure should become a law and the public servants should be directed to enforce Jts pro visions. . ' ' ' v.;:- ,'' Meanwhile it is gratifying' to note that great progress has been made. The demands pf the people for relief have, been recognised by both the great departments from which relief may be sought. It is no longer a question of whether or not relief ? shall be given , but merely as 'to 'its' form; details and completeness , If. as. much progress is made during the next 'session of con gress as has . been .made, during the present session, the people will soon be able to transact 'the immense vol ume of small business passing through the mails with, as little Inconvenience as attends their other daily purchases. This can be brought about by the peo ple instructing their representatives in congress to enact the necessary law and direct the public servants to carry out its provisions. - i ; POLITICAL COMMON SENSE That Has Been .the Distinguishing Char ' acterlstlo of the Populist MoTement From tli Bejrranlnfcv '" The railroad problem Was among the first to which populists gave atten tion. The' hard-headed men who tilled the fields and whose products had to be transported by railroads saw that in this" question was a2rob.lem .of the verx greatest importance, to each one of tnem personally and lb nation and states as well. One of, the first ques tions they asked was: "Why shouil every producing community clamor for the paralleling of rail ways,, the dupli cating of depots, of officers and agents etc., for the purposes; of . lowering the cost of ; transportation t" ' ' : - The application of common sense in endeavoring- to ,flnda solution caused them in the very beginning to condemn- the popular demaiid as unrea sonable and foolish. Tbey said: "Ev ery one knows that one. company can do the business at less post; than two can do it. ' Why then have two compa nies and double the necessary cost? Their opponents replied? that if there was only one : company.-Jt would be a monopoly and could' charge ; what It pleased for the services rendered. The populists replied that experience had demonstrated that two companies to do the work that' one cdmpany could do was not in assurance that there would be competition, and thta, the result was that there was r a monopoly ; anyhow, with, a pretense for,, maltiilg; unreason able charges on accbUnt of - doubling the cost by ' the coUstructioncof two lines, to do the business, that one line coul4 d&. . : .' i:-:'-S:-.'-n'-x - But- the thing 'most jnsisted upon by the public; generally Nva& "government cxmtrdl.": Maximum ' rate - laWs were passed and boards of transportation to control rates were created. The pf p ulists . never had any faith in any cf these things,; Dut'tneyf were Willing td see them triedr They said as long, as the 'railroad monopolies Remain in pri vate hands there will be unending cor ruption 'in congresses, 'courts, legisla tures and boards of transportation, ; but go on and try it."'" We Will. .help you to do it ; '. , . . m-r: '"4 --. Now another, , demand ,; has ansea which is pressed with,. asv much per sistency as any. of the former' ones It is called "publicity-" ; Populists are willing that that shall ,be tried also 'and will- aid ;in , bringing it about, but they have no more con fidence in It - than any ; of the; .other methods that have- ibeenV: tried and found - futile It seems that .before the right plan is adbpted every other imaginable plan must; be tried,, so the sooner we get through with, the lift the. better it will be.-, ; . : ; ; In I regard ' to "publicity 4tt is ' said that the United States may. require all great appregations of, capital; to report annually to the secretary of the treas ury a detailed statement,, exposing' the condition of - their investments, earn ings and methods, and if need be, to appoint examiners similar, to those c! national ' banks to investigate; and re port, that the public may knowv wheth er said combinations are extorting in ordinate profits or discriminating be tween any points,, communities or psr sons. . - s-"::y ,-"7 In reply to that proposition the pop ulists say that, the public now knows, or at least the intelligent : portion of it does, all" the facts above -enumerated. When the stock1 of a railroad suddenly rises 100 per cent, as did that of the Burlington, is there any other evidence needed , that the , road is charging extortionate, rates and that the profits secured by the monopoly are unreasonable? Documentary evi dence of that fact can be obtained by every man now. What-is! the use of enacting another series of laws and in stituting a long list of, officeholders to find out what is - already common knowledge? ; iv-. ; " '.;;-.' These experiments s have' another thing that they want ;tried They pay that if any overcapitalization or n called watered stock Is ; found in . any aggregation Of capital engaged in in terstate business, thh-heavily" tax 'it, or the government may tax such cor porations as are making inordinate profits out of the public on the actual investment made and - that ahy cor poration failing or ref usi hg to comply with any , law or an Order Of co urt, may be deprived of the use of the mail. Populists ' are perfectly. willing that -all these things shall, be ;tried.; They will put no obstacle-. In the way. All the same they are firmly; convinced that this and all the others put to gether will bring no relief. The bil lions in private hands invested in railroads-, which In their very nature are monopolies and into which competi tion can never enter,? will continue to control the government, both state and national, corrupt the courts and make politics a cesspool of moral rot tenness. There is but one remedy and ,that is government ownership. They" celebrated the day of' inde pendence in 'Manila; it was nOt Philip pine Independence, but that of another nation! In what light would; the edu cated and Christian Filipino look upon the ceremonies 1 : ' : ": - NEBRASKA AGRICULTURE Census Bulletin Ko. 193 Tells oftheMa " tertal Progress of Agricultural ' Nebraska Census Bulletin No. 193 has just reached The Independent office. It treats of the statistics of ; agriculture for Nebraska. The census act re quired that "the schedules relating to agriculture shall comprehend the fol lowing topics: Name of occupant of each farm, color of occupant, tenure, acreage, value" of farm and improve ments, acreage of different products, quantity and rvalue of products, and number and value of live stock. ' All questions as to quantity and value of crops shair relate to the. year ending December 31 next preceding the enum eration." " Accordingly, the ' statistics relating to farm crops are for the year 1899. v ' . VThe Independent holds to the belief that figures "run ihy as the printers say, are of little practical use for the average reader, and will give a brief abstract of the story tqld by Bulletin No. 193 in a series of little tables: Area " ; ; : Square miles 76,840 Acres 49,177,600 Acres in farms (60.8 p. c.) .. .29,911,773 Improved farm lands, acres. 18,432,595 Unimproved .11,479,181 Farms Total number 121,525 With buildings 114,537 Without buildings 6,988 . Value Land and improvements (except buildings) $486,605,900 Buildings .... . ... . . . .... . 91,054,120 Implements and machinery 24,940,450 Live stock ............ 145,349,587 , Total farm property. . $747,950,057 Products not fed to live - stock ... .... ..... . . . . . . .$124,670,587 Expended for labor 7,399,160 FOr fertilisers , ... . . . . . . . . 153,080 The Farmers White ........... ..i 121,196" Chinese . 2 Indian 249 Negro 7S Total farmers ............. 121,525; An Average Farm Acres . . . .... 246.1 Land and improvements (except . buildings) .$4,004 Buildings 750 Implements and machinery..,.. 205 Live stock v.. 1,196 Gross Income (products . not fed 1. v to live stock) 1,026 Farms Operated , By Ownerst ".7. . .. V. : .'...' : . .151,911 Part owners ; 22,518 Owners and tenants. 1,1 54 Managers ............ ... . ... . . 1,132 Cash tenants ' 11,599 Share tenants 33,211 Total farmers . ; . i . Classified By Area- Under 3 acres..... 3 to 9 10 to 19.. 20 to 49....... Number. . 530 . 1,342 ,1,635 5,243 ,..121,523 Average size. 2.4 6.7 12.8 35.2 76.0 .151.3 . 216.1 357.2 685.9 . 2,256.6 50 to 99.........,:. 17,979 100 to 174. .......... 46,109 175 to 259........... 17,855 2C0 to 499....... 22,416 500 to 999 6,052 1,000 acres and over. 2,364 Classified . By - Income (Example: .If. hay and grain exceeds any other product, and constitutes 40 per cent or more of total value, farm is called a "hay and grain" farm.)' ;." f Number of Average .y 1 , . farms. acreage. Hay and grain ...... 59,509 ; 192.9 Vegetables ;. 978 90.6 Fruits . . . . .. 285 46. Live stock . ...... 53,895 317.S Dairy produce ..... 2,833 216.8 Sugar ...... .....i. -101 ? 122.2 Flowers and plants. 38 6.3 Nursery products .. 44 ' 90 3 Miscellaneous 3,842 - 149.1 Nursery products . .. . . . . . .. i 234,033 Miscellaneous ............. ,! 23,206 246.1 Total farms -!. . ,121,525 "Value of Products 1899 Animal products ..........$ 70,227,060 Farm crops ....... ;". .... 92,469,326 . Total ,.'i.. ........... " Animal Products Wool . .. : Mohair and goat hair.... Dairy products Eggs Poultry ................. Bee products Animals sold ........... Animals slaughtered ... v Total- r Farm Crops Corn .......... Wheat ... .......4. Oats Barley Rye Buckwheat . ..... Flaxseed .. ...... Kafir corn ..... . ClOver seed Grass seed ;: ,". . . . . . Hay and forage . Chicory .......... Tobacco Hemp Hops : . . Broom corn Peanuts ........ Dry beans ..... Dry pease . .;. . . Potatoes ...... Sweet potatoes Onions ........ Misc. vegetables Sorghum cae ..... Sorghum; syrup . . . Sugar beets Small fruits ....... Grapes ... . . .. Orchard fruits Nuts Forest products , . : Flowers and plants Seeds ..$162,696,386 ...$ 426,344 ... 1,723 ... 8,595,408 ... 4,068,002 3,499,044 ... 105,676 ... 49,022,404 ... 4,508,457 , $70,227,060 s $51,251,213 11,877,347 11,333,393 545,432 712,759 5,109 53,793 5,189 37,332 32.450 11,230,901 i 4,057 610 10,752 4 106,252 256 12,805 . 2,041 1,734,665 27,933 55,159 1,383,170 41,824 32.993 222,258 98,159 74.707 684.751 1,595 412,746 142,636 v Total ..$92,469,326 - LEADING COUNTIES. ! Corn Gage and Saunders with more than 8,000,000 bushels each; grown in every . county. : , Wheat Clay and Adams, with more than a million bushels each; ; nearly every county represented. ; ' Oats Seward, Gage, Butler, '- Platte, and York, with over two million bush els each; nearly every county repre sented. . i -; Barley York;' raised mostly in northeast portion. ; Rye Merrick, , Boone, and j York; raised in most counties. , i Broom Corn Cass, Polk, and Saun ders produced more than half ( of the total product in 1899. j . Flax Dixon, Cedar, Burt, Thurston, Wayne, and Knox had three-fourths of total acreage in 1899. - ' Apples Otoe, Richardson, anl Cass. Peaches Gage and Nemaha. 1 Sugar Beets Dodge, Hall, Madison, and Merrick led in 1899 with 77.7 per cent of total acreage, although 41 counties reported. In 1899, 535 farm ers devoted 8,662 acres to sugar beets, an average of 16.2 acres per farm. The total production was 62,470 tons, an average of 7.2 tons per acre. I Total value, $222,258, an average of $.415 per farm, $26 per acse, and $3.56 per ton. Sorghum Cane Jefferson led with 445 acres; 77 other counties reporting. Milk and Butter Lancaster. ; Sales of Milk Douglas. i , Sales of Cream Holt. Cheese Platte and Pierce produce nearly one-third of the cheese made on farms in the state. Poultry and Eggs Lancaster, Sa line,, Saunders, Gage and Otoe each reported more .than a million dozen eggs produced in 1899. Wool Hall, Kimball, Sheridan, anl Dawes. ' : - . r . .. ' Let The, People Say It is a misuse of language ' and a waste of time to talk about establish ing a democratic form of government without the initiative and referendum, or, mOre generally called, "direct leg islation." Direct legislation means simply an actual, instead of a mera theoretical, sovereignty, of the people. We are governed today, not by dem ocracy. but by an elective aristocracy, holding for a term. The people are sovereign only at the moment of elec tion; the men they elect become their masters for one, two or four years, as the case may be. Self-government is one thing; the choosing of the men who are to-govern you is a very differ ent thing. -A child may choose Its guardian ; a slave may be given voice in choosing his master, and yet be ab solutely subject to his dominioii after the choice Is made.-; Power , will b used in the interest ; of its possessor. If the power of government is to be used in the interest of the people, they must have continuous and effective possession Of the government. We catl legislators - "agents" and the ! people their "principals." Queer agents who can give away their principals prop erty despite their protests; queer prin cipal that x cannot veto his agents plans, no matter how much he ob jects to them, nor instruct his agents .what to do whenever he thinks proper, nor discharge his agents when they re fuse . to carry out his orders ; queer principals who have to obey the com mands of their agents, Instead of giv ing them orders. What objection there is raised to direct legislation grows out of the old idea" that the government was a thing separate and apart from the people, which had rights in itself other than those the people gave It. He who attempts to rule the people in total disregard to their commands is a usurper, and for a legislature to de clare that it is superior to the people and is Independent of them, is an out rageous 'piece of political usurpation and. a crime against human rights and human liberties. , Discussion of tbe principles of . direct legislation 1"T shunned, for more is to be gained by silence than by discussion. . A '. stump speaker who would tell our 1 people that they are not fitted to govern them selves ; that they are not capable of. discerning between good laws .and bad laws, would not be a vote-winner. So we do not find avowed opposition on the stump; nor do -we find frank-opposition in the slavish press controlled by those who purpose that our j people should be governed for the profit of the few and the enslavement of the many. No decision should be final ex cept that of the people by direct vote. Shall not the people the people wha are living now begin to rule? This la a good year to vote into power the Initiative andj referendum In this state, and once secured, It does not follow that you must forsake your re publican, democratic or' prohibition principles. . Advocate any political principle that your judgment dictates and vote direct for those principles and - for what you want, instead of what you do not want, as many times you are obliged to do under the pres ent system in order, to get what , you do want. The liberal democratic party is pledged to put that system In oper ation, if placed in power.' Other par ties do not favor it; or rather, tho political bosses do not, for it 'takes away their power to manipulate polit ical parties for their own self-aggrandizement - You all know that political parties have been run for the benefit of two or three men; that nomina tions are made in private offices; that conventions are merely ratification meetings; that legislatures are simply required to legalize the acts of the boss. No laws can be passed that the boss opposes. A Liberal Democrat, in Newburgh (N. Y.) Sunday Telegram. The republican dallies of New York and ' Chicago continue ; to ; eulogize Cleveland and berate Bryan. Wonder what they do it for?. -Can any one Im agine?, 1 T " 1 " ' , THOMPSON AT MADISON Fourth of July Address by Hos. VI'. IX. Thompson, at Madlsou, Neb. Innplr Ing Sentlments-The Declaratlou - ' Still Lives The fusion forces are justly proud of their nominee for governor. He Is a man who for years has been battlics in the ranks of the common people. In spired by the high ideals of the fath ers who founded this republic. His Fourth of July address at Madlscn should be read by every lover of Amer ica. Every sentence, clothed in the choicest English, is an inspiration to greater deeds of patriotism, an earn est appeal to every American citizen not only to exercise his rights, but also to perform the duties of citizenship devolving upon him. This speech is a notable example of touching upon po litical questions without partisan biai. Compare it to some of the Fourth of July speeches delivered by republican orators. Mr. Thompson said: Man's mission on earth is so hedged in by destiny, so veiled by 'mystery, and so clouded by his own lnnat weakness, as to make his Journey that of a wanderer, not drifting listlessly as a leaf on the pond, and not abso lutely directed as a ship on the ocean. He is not exclusively a free moral ugent and not unchangeably pre-ordained. If he is started on a course suited to his make-up he will me t with some success, and if not, in look ing back over a wasted life, he sees .it his every cross-road failure. Thus we are at a loss always to know with exactness just what meed of praise or censure to bestow. Yet we do know that no circumstance can make a man unless the man has so equipped him self as to be fitted to the circumstance. The wheat may be sown, yet It takes soil, sunshine and shower to make th harvest. Many' a chest of tea hn gone to the bottom of the ocean Ion; prior to 1774, and mouldered and de cayed unnoticed. Many an apple had grown and dropped from the parect stem. The lightning had flashed and inscrolled the sky ages and ages gone by. - The steam had caused the kettle to sing, and lid to rattle and vibrate, but there being in these acts no mo tive, no living, surging, Inspiration to breathe into them everlasting life, and impress them upon history's pagos, they passed unnoticed and unremeru bered. ' But when the tea was tlppel Into Boston Bay, the cry of liberty fchook the earth, and governments ex isting at the will and by the consent of the governed became a living real ity. When .the apple fell and crossed the vision of the cultured Newton, the laws of gravitation were revealed. When, the lightning flash was ensnared by the studious and' philosophical Franklin a new power stepped lntr being and beckoned the world onwar! until it clasped mind with mind across continents, under the ocean and around - the world. When the fertile brain, of a Watts saw the steam break- ing its bonds and raising the lid which caged it, the greatest friend of mod ern advancement and progress was born. With electricity, steam and gravitation obeying the command of the possessors of a free and indepen dent, government, inspiring the pa triotic and conscientious Washington, the constructive mind of a Jefferson and a Hamilton, the lively spirit of & Patrick Henry, the cool and deliberate Adams, and the host of succeeding sages, philosophers and statesmen completing this galaxy of wisdom, the future destiny of such a land was a set . as the stars in their course, and the wielding of their power as full of harmony as the "Hymn of the Sea sons." This was not brought about by fate, and was not an accident It was not the circumstance making the man. or man making liberty. It was the in spiration of the ages, seemingly con centrating its every power, and bri nix ing to bear its every effort In build ing a nation which should prove the crowning glory of mankind on earth. Each contributing, as If CornucopH was pouring all her treasures In the lap of Columbia. It was the sermon on the. mount. The logic of Saul. The eloquence of Cicero and Demosthenes resounding down through the ages and striking a land, 'a people, and a time fitted and equipped for its reception. It was not, so much what was new as it was all that was good of old. gar nered together anew, that made victory sure. The liberty spoken of by Pat rick Henry was the same as that for which heroes of ancient Greece and Rome fought and died. The good will for all mankind breathed forth through the Declaration of Independence was the same as that for which Christ died on the cross. 'You crush truth to earth and it will rise again with renewed strength. This force echoed in Col onial Hall, resounded from the pulp'.t. inspired the youth and armed. the aged with its righteous cause; went with every bullet at Bunker Hill and hov- -ered over the blood-stained snow at Valley Forge. As well try to cage the winter's blast as to Imprison an everlasting truth. The Declaration of Independence is the choicest fruit of all that preceded it, culled and sep arated by the spirit of the times. He who would defeat or retard its every fulfillment is an enemy of freedom and a traitor to humanity. Thi3 trust ia yours to keep, strengthen and guard. One of our duties is to keep fresh in the. minds of American youth th? naines and the lives of the revolution ary fathers who braved every danger, that we, their posterity, might enjey the blessings of political and religiors freedom. I- do not believe in man worship, or in his reverence as a god. yet it is an axiom that by unsparingly and ungrudgingly giving unto each man, whether of our times or of th past, whether of our party or of th--opposition, that which of right is h? we unlock the better part of our naty; and turn In the sunlight of hope, with, -