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About The Wealth makers of the world. (Lincoln, Nebraska) 1894-1896 | View Entire Issue (May 3, 1894)
THB WEALTH MAKERS. New 8ris of THE ALLIANCE-INDEPENDENT. OnMlUUUoB ol tbe Farmers AlllanciffSebraska Independent PUBLISHED EVERY THURSDAY MY Tbo Wealth Makors PublUbiag Company mo M Btreat. Lincoln. Neb. V"i,;.ti,rr'"' :: iAdmnninic M ur. j. a. nTiiiiiixiMiMi mi If any man mul fall tot me to rl", "nan Z I w cllrab' Another'! IID I M wit for my good. A golden chain, 4 rob of honor, U too good a prl To tarapl my bwtf bad to do a wrong onto a Wlow n.au. This life bath wot b niMQ I IkUlllO Mi Aad wbotbat batb bert would dan prolong or add a sorrow to a mm""." That a sealing balm tomakoU wfcolof Mr baaom own th brotherhood of man, N. L P. A. PnhllafiftrB AnBOiinoemena. Tba aubwliiilon prtoa of Tub Wsamb- w aVraful that all naiiiaa am rrmtly i Tsrs bWifer hr a Avslimiii' bam. No matter bow A Kdo w wwlaoi this Import- aut inattar. Hvery waak wa receive letter WHhhCUta Jd.-Ma- or without yigij, Inraa awl It 1 aouia klmo difficult to local uTa'mi of Aotmw. KnbafirttMjra wIbMm 10 ehanu their poHtofflr addrea Bin, vr glet""r former at well a their pn.r,i ad Ires when cbang will b promptly ma?. rfim ii . am TJJ great strike of the coal minor bat been spreading until there itre now 150,000 men out. Tub plutocracy la in troubls over an lnoouio and outoometb Income tax, and tba outcome of the Commonweal movement, TliK Populists of Tennessee have nominated Prof, A. L. Mima for gover nor. Maine Populists also have an educator, J'rof, Rates, to bead tholr ticket, Tut Chicago Dispatch (daily), the oMolal paper of tbo city and Cook county, 111., bai donated tr.00 to tbe Common weal and baa opensd a sub tcrlptloo column for tbo army, Tuk strike on the (treat Nortliem oonduotedby tbo American Hallwaj Union bai boon on in doad earnest ilnce kit Friday. All tbo men are called out from Minneapolis to theooaat TliK Populists boys In our Stato t'ni voralty need to move quickly, or tboy will bo greatly outstripped by tba Mlnnosotans. In their Stato University they bavo a very flourishing, fast-growing Populist club, Many new names have been added to the club la tbo last two weeks, and several Democrats and Prohibltionlsta have expressed tbe in tention of joining at tbo next meeting. Mrs. Vandkruilt bai recently pur chased the crown formerly worn by tbe Empress Kujenle for $300,000 a very appropriate bead-gear for an American queen. The people are fool log the weight of a real Vanderbllt scepter, and why should not those whoso reve nues are kingly put on the Insignia of nvalty? We are supporting more kings and paying more subjection tri bute to despots than the monarchical rulers of any people ever bufore de manded, Tub New YoraClearltig licit bank ets have just given a reception toU. H, Currency Comptroller table. His speech pleased the princely, privileged, fiat money Shylocks whose tool he Is, greatly, his hypocritical address being V the lToet that 'tampering with the ourrenoy wa o serious a matter and fall so heavily on the pwtr clmsti and Ubrlng men that ho hoped that tht country would never fall short of the highest s'andard In currency matter!.' This damnable rewue on the part ot the Shyloi ka, that their lo tor thv HK)r aoalaved wealth pinluoor Is wba makes tftam guUbuga, makes uchok lag mad, Wa itHewltb tfMi plcasuretha' the PopulUt prww of Nvbreka, th linaJ pra, I dulog sleaJid work. ThoadlWir of th iVp''s Voli'e, pub ltshad at larrl, Cha county, I a saa whuws uaiWrtlauvlla lvb t the Kut of thte. lnhr Kaa 4 tko lioup tVuaty ClarkiK t aaothr eWp thiakar, a naa Uk a ruarkabl) 4r f t mb of tho (raii)4itoawbtot the Peopla" rar'y ro.e a iuk 1 1 ae iraaltwd hi air wU U tHSjde out u( the very Wt, Itrvtihtr Hurvof Iho llaaallw? lVwt UrUt r gvUoata t rat lata mpar. ItrtMhri l alrJIct thot adar HapUa HuHlUaa I two ut the balal't a and wt olTaetlvo w rtWio ia ho 'ala UrUt ttkatdo nt theChihlrvtiiiliCttai U aiuaa of tbartitr, education aad taiaal itrvtker Kautsaaaa l tbo IWaooi l ight ( great oo In Uolteouaty, Aid we bao voly just begua V) laeatUm Iko Lio4 iHv'Ut editor. A PREACHER OF USRIQHTE0TJ8HES8. Some friend mailed us a copy of the Sioux City Journal of April contalnbg the report of a sermon by Dr. Jenkins of that cltv. a sermon in which tbe preach er contrated Coxey'a potr followeri with the rich, the successful. Tbo text manipulated was: dlllcent in bus! UUVB- IW" n , noasy lie eball stand before kings; ho shall not stand before mean men, With a will, apparently, to please some of bla rich parishioners he deolared that the lawa of flnanoo are as truly laws as tbo laws of matter; and be assumed that tbo rlob as.a rule get rich by Industry, thrift and temperance, and that the poor bavo b'en made poor bo- caute they lacked disposition to worn and save, In so many words this rich man's prophet intimated that bo bad una eva on tho industrial army, and another eye on the successful men of bit own city, and be could not neip oomg struck by tbo contrast, lie sma. Hut it is not a pleasant thought that so many buumedsor men can do iouuu anxious to parado their pauperism, nor that ao many tnousanus nve wuu vu t...ti.,v thiit.it is iaHiblo to make man kind prosperous without virtue It was a very ancient Urcek philosopher who said to tho Greek citizens voting for commanders of armies, that It mignt bo well to "vote all tboirawes horses." It does not take a very sbrewa man to see that i bo ballot falls something In being omnipotent. Tbo men who areostonsi. bly marching upon Washington to de mand tli at they bo made prosperous by law, will find that tba lawa of congresa do not oount for much when brought Into conflict with tbo laws of the uni verse, ''oma of tbo poorest men in tho state of Iowa, not to asy of our own oomuiunity, came to our stato or city In allluenoe; and some, In fact most of tbe prosperous and successful business men of this community,camo thither aa poor as tbo Falstafllan recruits who are today threatening tho peace and safety of the commonwealth, liut poor as tbey were they stand now literally "iicrore uings, because thev had within themselves tbo resources which these vagrants are seeking in a change of statutes. What are tbo lawiof finance which this pro& hr talks about In such an ldlotlo way? I).Jts bo refer to financial legislation? No, for be intimates to tbe Industrial Army that tbo financial legislation they ask for will not make them proiperoui , and will not oount for much because It would conflict with 'the laws of tho universe." Tbo laws of flnanoo are the laws of tho universe, is bis Idea. And he thinka of course that John Sherman and tho Creator made them, that gold is (Jod Almighty's money and has bien since 1873, when, for some reason best known in Wall and Lombitrd streets, tho Lord changed his mind, Let ui oonslder the Jenkins standard of virtue, morality, dosort. It Is the dollar standard. According to Jenkins' law the rlob are wise and virtuous; tbe poor are foolish and vicious. The rich est men are the most diligent, virtuous and deserving Jay Gould and Jim flak for instance, Rockefeller- also, tbe Alters, tbe Vanderbllts, the coal barons the men who made 18,000,000 la one day on Reading Railroad stock by arranging a coal transportation monopoly, the lumber kings, the owners of trust stooki who dooreo the output of many of tho neoesiarles of life and fix prices, tbe 'big four' In Chicago, the rcl estate speculators and landlords, the shy lock money monopolists, etc. This pastor of wolves In shoeppelts went on to call attention to the rich men about him who began life poor, the inference he drew being that all In the Industrial Army and all the pW might have boon now living in aMuonce if tbey had worked and been equally deserving; the suocoasf ul did not nk the state to do what they with thtlr good right hands oould do for themselves, said he, 'Right handiV What rot! Those who in tho pait began poor, usually work d well to get bold of their first money; but tho almighty, , lnterest-drawlntr, labor-controlling monopoly dollar did tho rest of it. One of the mrn Jcnkln held up aa an Illustration of what the honest industrious poor can do waa a Sioux City bank president. In reply to Jt-nklca bo sild: "No I uover bad any property from my father. I had a cbanee a a clerk to how what I oould do, and richer men entrusted their wealth to mo. I found a chance to make my stand and I thnk It not tx much to sty I have made It." (lot rich not by earutug but by loaning money, by takinf other wen's labor, by uw which Jehovah coudeutrs, and bo I oven prou I ol ll, and this preacher ol unrlghttxtuinvM, this Waoher et lu tnarJ, latquitable practice command him. Another SUnu Cltv model rich man had hoiwualod In Iowa to arly day ao4 r''l awd (d l u-AU d ta vttMivn liut whr are tk lr a or ithi I'altfd Hit laaj that a poor mm cat go to Unlay aad pndwa iMagoa? Thrva "proiuluout lUaudai' wirv a'lHt Interviewed by Juhtn and found V hate bfgvia por, ' I'lnanclera'arvmaa whi If aa money or eor oof real M'aV.or o!lu. muul.lil or at traachWta for aolhlnf Utt asab o them hi tai themU ik'h out vl t.to puopW rnlo,. Tuav are tu-ful ipovu'etwa la iha na laSir prvduct, sUod'ag Utea aa t robbing Mb, tbo prttitw.nr and o m lumera, Tkf Or 'buUi'' aud ' War'' aatl oainrtu4 widv aad ttf r roa UaMtdvurlag heuta, ail uf thetu prlrf upt tho i)NavWaad weab. Ad tht stupid or wlokd da'eador ft Iko f kk ad tlaadaror of tho wr, ay, ' Thfu!tl.aotlU(lUt;oa. btt la character" the fault that all are not rich! We rejijlce that some men in the pul pit today are "preachers ot righteous ness." Our hearts, our hopes, aro with them. God bless them and make them bravo. They are now studying the law of equity, of equal unselfish love, and tbey seo that "success" today by business practices and tbe commercial code Is immoral, is the sucstis ol sin, Is "tho price of blood." A HYDRA-HEADED DESP0TJ.8M- A stockholder In the National Linseed Oil company has petitioned tho U, S. circuit conrt for tbe appointment of a recel ver.on the ground that the business is being conducted In the interest ol certain stockholders and to the detri ment of others. Tbo secretary and treasurer of tbo company, T. ii. McCullock, has denied all tbe charges. II U statement is, however, most interesting, and, In sub stance, is as follows: The stock represents the plants and assets, worth easily $!,OUO,000. Tbfere is not a lien on any of tho company's property. "The company Is entirely solvent and most prosperous." There are MO stockholders. Observe that this monopoly, like all other economically conducted monopo lies, is prosperous when all unmonopo llzed industries are languishing. Ob serve also that It has Issued double tbe stock that iti assets are worth so that robber dividends when published, aa tbe law compels, may not socra so high as to attract attention. Tho farmer when he soils bis flax seed la obliged to take for It not a supply-and-demand regulated price, but a price which the National Linseed Oil company fixes, limits, decrees. And wbon linseed oil and products it enters Into are sold, the publlo must pay not tbe labor cost, nor tbe labor cost plus ordinary Interest, but the labor cost plus monopoly charges to pay dividends on at least double the stock that there is property, And tbe dlreotors have also issued .'1,000,000 of debenture bonds on which it requires producers and consumers to pay inter est. In I Ml the National Linseed Oil company owned til plants, but many of these had been btught up to be abandoned. Think of it. Suppose it were In their power and tbe farmers of the country should organize a farm trust and cloie up a quarter or a half of the farms, not allow them to bo cultivated, and mutually agree on what price should be paid for wheat and corn and livestock! Rut if the farmers can not form a trust and roust pay trust prices for what they purchase, tboy are being robbed of their earnings, their rights, their liberties. And all other people whose products or servloes sell In the competitive market, and who buy goods In the trust or monopoly-controlled market, aro in the same straight rond to complete dependence and hopeless slavery. Now what are we polng to dp about It? V. vA PARTY TIES ARE BREAKING Hon. O. . Casper beads an editorial n his paper, "Wo Must Go to Them." In the course of his remarks he says, n the last legislature "the twelve Dim- ocratto members got together and de olded that If tboy did any good toward earning their wages they would have to stifle all party pride, and without any bargain give their voes to whoever the Populists nomioatedfor speaker." Af u r onumera'ing the benefits which came by helping the Populists, passing a freight law, electing an antl-goldbug United States Saoator, saving a quarter of n million on appropriations and bringing light to certain state officials, he goes on to say; If we want a congressman to repre sent our vie we must support a Popu list, xne last election on Kofeuu shows that tho Populists need 4,0-15 vol oa to ha even with the Ropuhllcan in tbla dlatrlot. Tho Democrat have only 7,303. Some of these will rote for llalner. It Is uieloss to talk about Populate and Domocrats suiting together. Tht only question for tho IKsmocra a, who are in the minority, to ueuiue, is, shall wo stand by a Populist, and try xn U oho vow for (roe coinage, or shall we let a toldnug republican win? llalner U again! everything we be lieve In. wblio a Popullat la for all we IhiIUv In, and a gmd dal that we dou't know anything atxuit, but the) lll never be heAut of, a we bavi uothtog to fear. This editor la jua oyal enough to free coinage and urlfl 'violin to put up with almost anything (or one otmpalgn at U-at. 1 Another edumn Mr. Cpr a: ThUodtutr wants ttiritrt whath tv Id twu wwks afO. 't he PopulUtt H ihU district wUl ttovr support any klotf if a iKxinvn i for cotigro, unlet b drat rvocueo all tvllowihtp d tiH) m th iMweral'- iwtrty, V muv uHrV.kde iri, Judgw WtituUr Jutg Pui-. tr aoiw man of thotr, and thoouly question t, how van we e.ei ho , went ToIhi l'tor will mmtna.w om 1'onunral li blp IU ar ll will itominal a r'tlvoe it. m vrat If be ean, Hevav, of hi ea crowd would iuiy pull from lUUor i' lu t MlUUit wa known lohtf utm of ToU uul. How rati wo bolj the iViwocrau, four BMhol whom aro ll--e mon, to tho roolUt vtndldair'!' t hil way o' semi to- h Ih iMn C. n.aUon of tho ivpulut vatdida'o . ih 4itio a ba IhnjO) doao twlcw In tho (io ot McKvl:, If wo ar4 not will ia t iupiMft lhlr candidate wo mitfkt a wlt ae oor breath. Klthv Judto HU, J.idtfa Whewlvror Judgo t' b Ugood eavuh U t thladmr. aa a-lat ay ffwldhu', aa mattr what Vrty a am ho k lWi4 wUb. Wo aro ttoo to y taat tho alxteo ad vice to fellow Democrats manifests a splendid victory of sense over partisan ship There Is really bo reason but blind party worship which is lack of reason why every democrat and every republican who would have his vote count against tbe money monopoly, and trusts, the railroad oppression and the millionaires, should Dot vote tbe Populist ticket Party ties ought to rest so lightly on men that there would bo no possibility ot fastening voters to a mere office seeking machine. Tbe Populists of Nebraska believe that there Is room for only two great parties here, viz: the anti-progressive Republican party, which will gather into it the railroad power with its para sites, tbe money loaning power and its dependents, and the Inert multitude of mossback who, notwithstanding the great economlo changes, haven't im bibed a new political or economic Idea in twenty years; and tbe progressive, llborty-lovlng, monopoly-hating, Popu list party, All real, wideawake demo crato and republicans, the sort who op pone commercial and Industrial des potlsra, will find tbelr place with us. THE PEOPLE 501 A8LEEP. Our editorial a few days ago on "The Maximum Rata Law, notwithstanding 1U length, was reprinted entire in a considerable number of tho county papers in tbe state, and its fscts and argument ia condensed form or In part were used and the case commented on by many more. The Hamilton County Register of two weeks ago thus refers to it and the interest shown in the sub ject: If an obierver will take notioe of the attention attracted by the article of Thk WKALTii makkhs on tbe status of tbe Newberry bill; If he could see as we do the number of able articles that were written on that subjoct last wcrk, he would observe that though our people expeot anarchy from Dundy's court tbey are by no means asleep or indifferent to their rights. There Is a day of reckon ing for all wrongs. According to Secretary Dll worth and John L. Webster the suits before tho great Dundy will probably be tried this month. If the court is forced to decide In favor of tbe people each one who has paid freight to Nebraska railroads since August 1, 1893, can recover Illegal charges, If he thinks the over charges will pay attorney's feos to con duct suit. But It would at best be horns and tall to tho people, and the oow to the milking lawyers and railroads. rOUfi-HOEBE WAGON PASSES, Tbe Chicago Sentinel endorses a plan originated by Allen Cook, a Populist lawyer in Canton, Ohio, to profit by the Ooxey idea. lie has published a call for recruits to march "On to Columbus, ' the state capital, to there hold the stato Populist convention about the middle of August, and all delegates to , go to the convention in four-horse wagons draped in Hags and floating banners, Inscribed with Populist doctrines. Tbe state is to be divided into eight divi sions with eight routes toward which all delegates shall gravitate. The Northern division will commence at Sandusky. All delegates along the route will join In the march as the cara van comos on, and picnics and speech- making will be held along tho line. The other routes aro all marked out. ' Tho Si-ntlnel says. "Adopt It in every etato " What do our people say to it? We are Inclined to think tbe crowds that would gather along the routes would kindle and spread everywhere great enthusiasm. Let us do something out of the ordinary; and what oan be thought of better than the Ohio plan? The campaign of tho elder Harrison in 1810 was a log-cabin, farm-wagon, song and speech campaign, full of enthusiasm Let us roturn to primitive methods, and make them popular, adapting our means to tho situation. Weare not depeidoU on railroad passes or bank funds. No end of enthusiasm can be stirred ip, with speaking and singing, if we go to work In a way to draw great crowds of p-oplo together. The people aro all rcuiesa. Tbo times are ripe for a political revolution. Everybody will turnout to hear tho tramping, camp In; growing caravans of patriotic Popu-tl-ti. And those who go will have jolly fun. Who tecondt tba motion? 0AU3E OT 80UUL ANT AQ0N 18 VS. IVut. W, A. Jonas of llastlng al lreed tba Pulttltal P.eoaomy flub o. th Mate Uolverlty, Wednesday ovou Ing ot lat week. 111 exceedingly able u vatuablo a.Klrea covered th duoneiulo hUtory ol eooUly and skoweu an evolution oi mlng out of tbo paataoo roavhleg Into tho future, When aivr tain f l o nod tho land, tho toed aad I h prons of ttu worker, tht slau oooatiWs! of tba slate owner, aad al lwacnfarud to the slavery ble which BtHiWty rtd ad wa built, Uj to evolutionary joee tho wo,b r Mvurad a rvrala amount ot llbwrty uJr tbo feudal sys'om, out we allied t porfom military srv loo or work ovttato data lor th lord whi retained tho land, and alt tho law of AUty tuafortuvd tu aad wore framed t i totpatttat these rwlatloa. IN land lordeoatUutlg the atato. Hat uut of tM wm gradually evolvwd, th bla of ptlat property aad trdm of ooatraot, tbo jat wage sytm wlvk a toeraaalnf JeaJVa. prvBt earn ing ola a4 a rUag eavltalUvU el, the state today being really the land owners and capitalists. The laws are by them and for them, and compel in creitsing tribute to be paid them. The Invention of machinery destroyed handicraft production, socialized pro duction, reduced free labor to depend ence, compelled the laborers to sell their labor, and themselves, virtually, in the commodity market, and with the progress of invention compelled manu facturers to combine to destroy com pjtltlon, which was destroying them. In this way trusts and monopolies have been evolved for self-defense and to gain advantage. But as monopolies will not long be endured by a once industrially free and a politically enfranchised people, It fol lows that production and distribution must be not monopolized for the capita lists, as now; but socialized or monopo lized for the producers. The stato Journal reporter reporting tbe address either did not understand it, or for reasons best known to him self did not correctly report Prof. Jones in attributing to him the Idea that pro tection Is the fundamental ground of all our evils and that the trusts are the causes of financial crashes, &o , &o. "The necessary antagonisms imma nent In the prettnt mode of eoclalUed pro duction and individual capitalistic ap propriations tbe cause oi labor troubles; aad next the anarchy of production, arising from the unregulated, unorgan ized production of individual capitalists of plants throwing unknown quanti ties of goods on tbe market, Competi tion in an overstocked market reduces prices below tbe cost of production. This in turn becomes a compulsory law to improve machines and further concentrate the means of production- all this dispensing with human labor ana creating a proletarian army." COMPEL ALL TO WORK A part of the great Amoskeag cotton mills at Manchester, N. H., shut down week before last, throwing 2,000 hands out of employment and putting over 6,000 on two-thirds time. But this of course can be explained by saying that these additional thousands now idlo would not work, that they preferred to join the great army of unemployed whom the old party press calls tramps, vagrants, vagabonds. No man who honestly desires work is compelled to remain Idle In this grand country, says Wolcott and a lot of other knaves. Tbe mills, therefore, stand Idle booauso every man, woman and child who wants work Is at work, and tho Manchester mana gers can neither retain nor obtain workers of the other class, oomoosed of several millions of Coxey and Kelly tramo lobbyists and so-called beggars. "Business conditions," notwithstand ing the goldbugs and Dun's prophecy of prosperity to follow the repeal of the Sherman act and the veto of the seign lorago bill, "are anything but satlsfac tory. There has been no loss of confi dence, nor Is (here any real apprehen slon regarding the future; but 4 continued disappointment of reasonable expectations exhaust the strongest pa tience, so that complaints are as numer ous as ever." And this New xork writer, so reporting last week's flnan clal and commercial situation, goes on to say: Clearing House returns do not lndl cate any improvement la the volume of business. Last week tbe decrease com pared with last year was 27 per oont, which is about the usual rate of loss. What kind of a scheme would It bo to draft every unemployed man, every ab.'e bodied commonwealer and those left bahlnd them and, "the upper ten thousand" Into an army, a permanent army of production, to provide for their owa wants. Of course they don't any of them want work (?), but mnko them work. And force every shirk, every loeoh upon labor whether fat or lean, whether rloh or poor, to join the wealth making army. Every able-bodied man who 1 oouauiulog without producing should be made to work. TusNew York Tribune and other eastern papers aro speaking of "the Populist mobs In the western states." With one or two exceptions tho Indus trial Army bodies have been law abld trg, even under tho moat fearful strcs of circumstances and temptations whloh men caa be placed under. Rattbiyar not PutmlUt bodies, Tbey ar not political bodies. They aro simply de- tjtu'w men o( all par tie who can obialo no work and who retuao to bo mad to live upon charity, or to yield up their liberty and made paujwr. The) aeo crgaoUeJi to go lit praa to VVaUlogton to manlfeat their detyeraw nd and t potltloa Congest (or their MnalltuiVoal right tollfo and liberty rie taut that they aro botng called 'Populist mob" I'rjvoa, howr, it at a party 'p! our ba any regaid for their iWhu, ot for tho vnatUuiloo wukh thoo right tt on. party legislation ha robbed the to ol thole ,iUoo to laU.r and Mi lUiu d. fcajclew aatdetltuto, wag slaves without even a matter, or flaoe to it waa. Tbo poor who demand tbeao righto, who rfuw aa t'UUt'ba to b ground uo aad dtroy4 lor tba ilcb- tho poor who hato through la WfUlatioa bvn t r longi year tbo pry ol Uo plutocrat -are now to bo tailed mob 11 they f together to eak with oa tote lor liberty; thy aro t b brad4 a ttaoipo, vagatods, bailors, tho k and drgi ot aoeloty, It Uay ooprl at tention to be drawn to them. If in desperate need, to escape starvation they ask for a ride In cattle cars and climb aboard, they are to be forced to look down rifle barrels and have maxim and gatllng guns trained on them to crush oat their only hope and the spirit of manhood and liberty and respect for law which Is left in them. And tbe party of justice, of equal rights and equal independence for all citizens, tho party that espouses the cause of tbe poor, is to be stigmatized and diaboli cally associated In the publlo mind (so far as the press has power to deceive) with disloyalty. It is to bo represented as supporting anarchistic mob violence. The real anarchists, the men who tramp le on God's law and who grind the faces of tbe poor, are nevertheless having a thousand searchlights focussed on them, and tbe maligned Populists and des plsed poor will soon drive wrong from Its present throne. The Industrial army In lu entirety Is being rapidly mobilized at the ballot box, and when it makes a united demand there, we shall see who are rebels, who are law less, who will Instigate mob violence. But the mob of "tho upper ten thousand" will then have the law and the guns against them. A government banking system to furnish the people money without inter et, with no charge above a small fee for examining titles, appraising pro perty and caring for securities, would save to the producers of wealth the vast sum not lext tnau 13,000,000,000 annually- which tbo money loauors now re quire as tribute. It would also provide all the new capital needed to keep every man at work, and with capital in tbo form of money obtainable without interest present capitalists could no longer demand rent, or Interest; for their capital, except where it was la vested in land, mines, chsrtorcd mono polies, patent rights, &o., could be du plicated quickly, Government banks would annihilate tho money monopoly, tho power to demand interest, and would cut off the principal stream of wealth concentration. BONDS, GREENBACKS AND TREA8 DRY NOTES Several letters of inquiry, relative to the bond issue of tbe United States during and since the great civil war, have induced me to undertake for tbo benefit of our readers to glvo a simple abstract of the same, To go into detail would require more space than wo can pare, and would weary tbo average busy reader. Let it be remembered that some issues were made In lieu of, or to redeem and take up some others; so that the abro gate was never at any ono timo as large as the following amounts would seem to indicate; nevertheless, it has ever slnoe the wsr been largo enough. In 160, the year before the rebellion, our national debt was $04,842,287.88, and In 1806, the year after tbe close of tho war It had reached the enormous sum of $2,773,230,173.69. The first bond issue made necessary by the rebellion was that of February 8, 1801, and was for $18,415,000. These bonds ran 20 years and drew 6 per cent. Interest. Under the act of March 2, 1861, there were Issued of 2 years treasury note $22,468,100; and of 60 days treasury notes $12,8!i,:!f0, all bearing 6 percent. The same date there were issued $1,000, 8A0 of 0 per cent. 20 years, coupon bonds to pay the Oregon war debt. (For tho suppression of Indian hostilities.) Under act of July 17, 1801, there were Issued bonds to tbe amount of $50,0(0, 000, to rnn 20 years at 6 pr cent.; 7-30 notes to the amount of $130,009,760 pay able after 3 years with interest at 7 3-10 per cent ; and 00,UOO,000 of demand note without Interest. Under aat of February 2",, 18(12, thera were Issued W14, 780.600 of 0 per con, bond known as tho five-twenties. Tho act of February 23, 162, authorized tho Utae of $150,000,(00 in legal-tender U. S. notes; t0,000,000 of whloh wa to bo In lieu of demand notes Issued underact of July 17, 181. A supolomental aot July 11 of th same year increased this amount (to $.'0, 000.000, Those last latu-s were what U known a green back and bear no Intoroat. The same act with supplemental act autho rhed temporary loana to tho amount of liO OUO.WO with loWre.t at from 4 to per cent, per annum. Tbeao Ut wr redeemed before tho clow of 1840, la March eoogrr authorised tho lu of lertlfloaUi o, Indebted to publlo creditor in tho adjutmat ot lalnia, ruaalng ono year a $ ar Mot. There were tVt,7a,V.'M tud, all n doetued before l4, Tho a-t of Mcb 3, 1 -'It, a ihorle4a oati pajabi afwt SO tar at 0 percent, under whloii tTa.Ottd.tVO wera H.Uod, and treasury t,ita payable una yr alt date, bt vlef & r cent laUri, ol whUfc $111 tHXVOiM wrUued, and uf Uc aaurjr Botes pajalii In three years at h pr . iXUscUit, 1'iuU'f the t al MarvU 9, hii, vhi rwMU4ti'.iU!?,:k0at 5 l"r ev a4$LftJ,YM at ht coat -tho ta fort.f JtH l'dr th a't of Jm i,t tu were luvdlll .VMol B tweatlo Mtrlf $r ei Pa ler Mtii aot aad a iupptmtal a t el Ma vh 3, ll, therw wr alt lu'd $-' tVrfH) M laU.tet bearing treaeuty aoti, or boad as they aro al oalUd; thv Jo