Image provided by: University of Nebraska-Lincoln Libraries, Lincoln, NE
About The frontier. (O'Neill City, Holt County, Neb.) 1880-1965 | View Entire Issue (May 9, 1946)
CROWDED . . . Cooking, sleeping, washing. Entire home life of this family is spent in one room in the Brcttervorschlag. Note bed in corner. EUROPE’S LITTLE PEOPLE 1946 ‘Alles Kaput,’ Germans Complain As They View Destroyed Cities By PAULINE FREDERICK WNU Foreign Correspondent. HAMBURG (ENGLISH ZONE), GERMANY.—It was obvious that Frau Hohlman was not satisfied with her lot. She said it was cold—and it was, with little heat from the tiny stove. But I could have led her to shacks and under ground hovels where there was even less heat and no sub stantial walls to keep out the weather such as surrounded her. She also said there was not enough food—black bread, marma lade and coffee for breakfast, soup and potatoes for lunch, and so on. She poured on the table a few pieces of cracked grain to show me what they were eating; then care fully picked up every piece of it and put it back in the box as though it were a precious stone. But Frau Hohlman was more for tunate than a lot of her country women. She had chickens in her back yard. And when I accidentally got a peep into her pantry, I saw two long loaves of bread, two and a half rolls of what was probably margarine, and a can that un doubtedly contained food. Not all German larders are like that.. Frau Hohlman is fortunate enough to live in a prefabricated house. She was wearing a blue-checked apron and blue sweater. She did not know I was coming, but she admitted me, although a little suspiciously, to the combination kitchen-living room and bedroom where there was a bed in one corner with the red feather pil lows turned back to air. Fuel and Food Scarce. The furniture consisted of a cup board, a table, chairs, a radio and a small wood stove with some sticks drying in the oven. A large double window framed in muslin curtains opened to the garden. The other room of the cottage had two beds in it, and a dresser. It, too, had a large window. The place was light and airy, although small. (I visited another prefabricated house where a cheerful, emaciated young man in his 20's lived with his wife and year-old baby. I saw their pantry, too, and I saw nothing but a small piece of bread and a half-eaten dish of macaroni. But the father said "everything was fine," and when I gave him two cigarettes RUINS . . . But "a roof over one’s head” Is most desired, for walls can be built of stones. ■a. a. _ he was profuse in his thanks. He pointed with pride to the little pile of brush and the stump in the yard which furnished fuel. The pretty, runny-nosed baby smiled, too.) “Alles kaput,” said Frau Hohl man, using the current German ex pression in describing what had hap pened to their old home when a bomb hit it. But here she lives today with her husband who works in a margarine factory, and with her married daughter whose husband is still missing in Russia. With electricity, the house costs them 24 marks a month. The husband earns about 40 marks a week, and more if he works at night. The Hohlman yjrd was furrowed for spring gardening. As I talked with Frau Hohlman, the food ration was being met, al though there was a great shortage in potatoes and the only vegetables available were a certain amount of turnips and cabbage. But what I could not tell them was the dire picture of the food situation in the British zone unless a miracle hap pens. It was revealed to me at Brit ish military government headquar ters at Minden by F. Hollins, direc tor of food and agriculture. Famine in British Zone. Mr. Hollins told me that at the rate the bread grain stocks were go ing down and not being replenished, pockets of starvation could soon be expected in the British zone. The food permitted the Germans by the British is designed to provide 1,545 calories per day for the average person, with 2,250 for heavy work ers, 2,809 for very heavy workers and 2,589 for pregnant and nursing mothers. Bread and the cereal prod ucts make up 60 per cent of the caloric diet. The city of Hamburg alone uses between 350 and 400 tons of grain a day. Bread is especially vital here be cause of the heavy workers in the Ruhr and the Rhineland. In order i to keep from cutting the ration be i fore the spring months when vege tables would make it more bear able, the British zone needs at least 200,000 tons of wheat a month until the end of June. Only half that amount arrived in February and : at a late date, none had been pro ! grammed at all for March. When the British took over this zone they found 21 million people, or a million and a half more than j lived here in 1939. In bombed-out areas, homes had to be provided as well as food. Of the 5Mi million dwelling units available in 1939, about half of them have been de stroyed by bombing. Anything that can be used to provide a roof is sought by the Germans, but their biggest demand is for food. “We are living on the edge of a precipice,” Mr. Hollins told me, “and it would take very little to topple the thing over and make the situation very serious indeed.” Once more I am hearing the cry of “bread” as I have heard it in many countries in the last year. And I have been wondering what the an swer will be. ‘No One Wants to Shoot Children’ As the train from Copenhagen glowed down for Hamburg, I saw six cars of coal standing on a sid ing. Little boys, women and old men wn-e swarming over them, furtive ly filling sacks. I asked a military official why this was permitted when only that week a 25 per cent cut in the coal supply had meant a week’s shut-down in industry that had begun so that there would be uo Interruption to electricity. “You can’t get anyone to shoot, • children," was the answer. As I had crossed the border from Denmark, one sight of all others made me realize I was back in Germany. It was the stumps of freshly-cut trees. As I waited in front of the sta tion for transportation, a scabby faced boy in his teens begged me for cigarettes, and a child asked for chewing gum. On the way to the hotel, I saw an old man rummaging , through a trash can. In These United States Montanan Urges Farmers to Sell Wheat and Save World • , By WALTER A. SHEAD WNU Washington Correspondent. WASHINGTON, D. C. — Farmers should deliver their wheat to the government and do it now, if we are to save the lives of millions of persons who are wasting away from star vation in many countries of the world. This is the belief of Thomas D. <S Campbell, the nation's biggest farm er, tall, lanky, sun-browned, white thatched, enthusiastic, purposeful westerner of Hardin, Mont. Colonel Campbell, for he is a full colonel in the U. S. army, is deliver ing 500,000 bushels of his own wheat to the government under terms of the offer of the department of agri culture as fast as he can secure trucks and cars to get it to the rail roads, In an effort to get together 200.000,000 bushels of wheat for ship ment. Gives Reasons. The dynamic westerner declares that farmers, large and small, should deliver their wheat to the government, immediately, for the following reasons: 1. The announced plan of the D. of A. to buy wheat at the market relieves the farmer of any uncer tainty of price. Any farmer, under terms ol the offer can deliver his wheat, receive a certificate from the government, and hold that certifi cate for as long as April 30, 1947, and elect at any time within that period to sell. This gives him the advantage of a higher price when it comes. 2. The government has ordered No. 1 priority for cars for shipment, although there remains the problem of trucks to get the wheat to the county elevators. 3. The farmers who figure their income tax on a cash basis will have the advantage of increased prices and reduced rate on their taxable income, as the government carries him without cost or interest on the loan while he holds his certifi cate for the higher prices. 4. Delivery of wheat now will empty storage and provide room for the coming crop. Owing to hous ing demands, it will be impossible to build increased storage facilities. 5. Perhaps the most important reason why the farmers should re lease their wheat now is the humani tarian reason, for it will mean early shipping, to save lives and to build renewed hope in the breasts of mil lions of people who today are with out hope. COMMISSIONER . . . Mrs. Maureen Moore, mother of Jerrle, 15, and Jo Ann, 13, is Texas com missioner of labor statistics. Be fore her recent appointment she was child labor supervisor for the state. Rammed Earth House lor Him GREELEY. COLO. — Back in 124 B. C., Hannibal built rammed earth watchtowers. And now, Attorney David J. Miller, copying a page from ancient history, has erected a rammed earth home to defeat the housing and building materials shortage problem. His new six-room home of mod ern design and novel heating sys tem was constructed with a bull dozer, a pneumatic back-fill tamp and a little lumber from an old barn for door sills and window cas ings. The bulldozer was used to clear the site and mix the proper soils, which must include clay, silt and sand. Forms were set in place for the walls and the earth was rammed into them with the tamp. After the earth dried, the forms were re moved and the durable dirt house was completed. Six other Greeley residents are r.ow planning similar homes. What Price Glory? BELLINGHAM, WASH. — Wil liam McLaughlin, Lynden farmer, ran the following advertisement: “Will trade distinguished service rruss I won In World War 1 for priority on Ford-Ferguson tractor.’’ Decorated for wiping out a German machine gun nest single-handed in the First World war, the ex-machine gunner said he had saved five years to buy a tractor, but was unable to, because priority regulations favor veterans of World War II. FOOD . . . Col. Thomas D. Campbell, Montana wheat ranch er, urges sending of wheat to Eu rope to feed the starving. At one time he farmed 96,000 acres. FLYING BATHTUBS Drs. C. F. Code, E. H. Wood and E. J. Baldes of the Mayo aero medical unit told physiologists at the first session of the Federation of American Societies for Experimen tal Biology that if the pilot of a fighter plane could sit in a bathtub full of water while he was doing fast turns, loops and other evasive maneuvers he would be much less likely to ‘blackout.” Men were spun around on a centrifuge to test the effects of immersion in water as protection against blackout. With water up to just below the breast bone, the men were protected against the effects of acceleration to an amount expressed as 0.9 g. When the water level was raised to the level of the third rib, the protec tion was 1.7 g., which is comparable with the protection given by the special anti-blackout suits. GRANGE AND AIR The National Grange, speak ing for 750,000 families, has said: "Transportation by air in the postwar period will assume an economic importance to agri culture and to the nation as a whole far beyond that which existed prior to World War II.” TODAYS Q. AND A. Q-—What is "seat of the pants" flying? A. It was flying in the old days before there were instruments. When the plane went up or down or tipped, inertia of the flyer’s body changed his position in his seat enough for him to feel the difference and he could sense the position of the plane accordingly. In the air lines nowadays a pilot can tell where he is and the altitude of his plane at every moment entirely by instru ments even in the thickest weather or darkness. * • • Early Women Pilots Back in 1929 when any kind of air plane pilot was regarded with awe. Miss Manila Davis of Flatwoods soloed a small English Moth air craft at East Boston, Mass., and in 1930 earned her private pilot’s li cense to be credited with becoming the first licensed West Virginia wom an pilot. She is now the wife of B. B. Talley, Huntington, W. Va. • • • Designers of tomorrow’s plant's are planning to use heli um gas to inflate the tires to make them lighter than air. SPRAYS TREES ... To control hemlock looper in northwestern Oregon. this special dusting plane is used. For some tests, lead arsenate suspensions were sprayed; for others, ODT. • • » PLANES PLANT A 20-day job of seeding 300 acres of wheat with sweet clover W'as cut to 12 hours by A. T. Sumner and Sons farm near Milford, 111., when an airplane was used. Without hav ing to wait for ideal soil conditions. 360 pounds of seed was ‘‘sprayed" with what was found to be from 36 to 112 seeds per square foot. Those who did the seeding were Glenn Schuetz, Carl Shelton and Bob Gunn, who operate a crop dusting service. All are pilots and own farms. Released by Western Newspaper Union. By VIRGINIA VALE CELEBRATING 15 years on the air—and all that time on CBS — Kate Smith might well say “Let who will make the nation’s laws; I’ll sing its songs and help with its crusades.” During her years in radio she’s made more than 6,300 personal ap pearances to help worthy KATE SMITH causes, and the success of many a song has been linked with her name. They say she’s probably launched more hits than any other popular singer, but she won’t help launch just any song; it must be a good tune to begin with. If she feels that it's right for her, she studies it, and her flair for phrasing is like ly to make the composer feel that she sings it exactly the way he wants it done, -* Culminating on August 6, War ner Bros, plans a four months’ celebration of the 20th anniversary of talking pictures. A series of spe cial programs will continue on an international scale, honoring the scientists who pioneered in the field and highlighting the scientific de velopment and cultural contribution of the talking picture. It was on August 6, 1926, at the Warner the ater in New York, that the public first saw a complete program «f mo tion pictures in which opera stars and concert artists sang and played. -* “It Pays to Be Ignorant” returns to the air waves, and there’s re joicing among its many enthusiastic followers. This is one of the few times that a program’s been dropped for another one and then brought back to the air when its successor was dropped. -* Ever play a Screecherboot? Or a Moontassle? You’ve heard them if you listen to the Korn Kobblers, on Mutual four nights a week. Like the band’s other instruments, they’re made from salvaged tubings, brass piping, etc. Stan Fritts and the oth er five Korn Kobblers get together In his basement workshop in Eliza beth, N. J., and construct those fantastic instruments they play. -- When radio producers need a 3 year old or an 83 year old voice, a talking crow, or any other un usual sound, they call on Miss Cecil Roy. She’s also heard regularly on the leading mystery programs, playing anything from a snarling gun-moll to a murdered man’s last gurgle. And on “Daily Dilem ma," on Mutual, every weekday afternoon, she climaxes her career by enacting all the roles! When Nan Merriam won the $1,000 prize offered by the Nation al Federation of Music clubs in 1943, the radio program on which she was to sing was the same eve ning as the big dinner where she’d receive the award. It was the party that interested her most, but she dashed to NBC, did her singing stint, and a few days later was handed a five-year-contract to sing over their stations. -* If you ever meet Evelyn Knight, (now on the Lanny Ross program,) make her happy by asking for an aspirin. She carries the tablets in a locket made of a huge uncut amethyst she got in Brazil, which was used by an ancient Indian chief as a container for poison. -* If you heard the very moving broadcast in which Ralph Edwards chatted with Buster Roos, the eight year-old suffering from cancer, you’ll be delighted to know that Ralph’s appeal for funds for the American Cancer society’s drive has been tremendously successful. -* ODDS AND ENDS—Columbia Pic tures advertised for eight gorgeous girls to portray goddesses in “Down to Earth"—and 200 beauties answered. . . • Gene Kelly, still in uniform, nearly dis rupted life behind the scenes at the circus in New York when he took his small daughter backstage to visit the famous clown, Emmett Kelly (no rela lion). . . . An item on the hill for Metro's cocktail party for Pan Johnson when Pan visited New Y’ork urns S2.40 for milk—drunk by the guest of honor, of course. . . . That dress made of black glass beads which Janis Paige uears in “Her Kind of Man” weighed 30 pounds. A Cool, Summery Appliqued Frock 5850 WA A GAY little drawstring frock to delight your little angel. The pert wing sleeves, ribbon trim and amusing duck applique are sure to make a hit—and mother will like the ease with which this frock is made and laundered. Make sev eral in different colors for warm weather. • • * To obtain complete pattern, finishing Instructions, applique pattern of duckling for the Wing-Sleeved Frock (Pattern No. 5850). sizes include 2. 3 and 4 years, send to cents in coin, your name, address and the pattern number. Due to an unusually large demand and current conditions, slightly more time is required in filling orders for a few of the most popular pattern numbers. Send your order to: SEWING CIRCLE NEEDLEWORK 530 South Wells St. Chicago 7, 111. Enclose 20 cents for pattern. No_ Name __— Address-— -1 Emblem of U. N. First To Use ‘Air Age1 Map The emblem of the United Na tions organization is the first sym bolic device of a political body to bear, within a wreath of olive leaves, the “air-age” map which, drawn on the azimuthal equidis tant projection, shows all countries in their geographical relationship to the North Pole. - -- ... —I I EATS CEREAL— PRAISES RESULTS Says Famous Laxative Food Has Every Quality Claimed Suffer from constipation? Want relief withiUt drugs? Then read this sincere, unsolicited letter: "I am nearly 77 year* old. I’ve been eat ing KELLOGG'!' ALL-BRAN every morn ing for more than IS year*. I am happy to make this unsolicited testimonial. KELLOGG’S ALi-BRAN has every flna, and heneficial quality which you claim for' it.” Wellman Thrush, R-4, Wabash, Indiana. You, too, may never have to take another laxative as long as you live—for constipation due to lack of bulk in the diet—if you eat ALL-BRAN every day, and drink plenty of water. 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(IS" TI RE D! ^ACHYMUS CL E S] I SPRAINS • STRAINS • BRUISES • STIFF JOINTS 1 g^^SLOANS LINIMENTJ