Predicts New Ice
Age for America
Savant Says It Will Come
in 10,000 Years.
London. — Another Ice age, In
-hich the polar cap will creep far
down Into Europe and North Amer
ica, is coming In ten thousand years
or so, says Dr. G. C. Simpson, di
rector of the British meteorological
office.
It will be followed by a warm era,
when the semitropical conditions, In
which monstrous saurians splashed
under giant ferns in what is now the
United States, will return.
Deserting the rule which he en
forces in his office, that weather
forecasts must be limited to the
next 48 hours, Doctor Simpson told
what it would be like on the earth
hundreds of thousands of years
ahead.
He based his prophecies on a the
ory of solar changes which he has
lately shown to he confirmed by the
atory of world weather in the pe
riod covered by the Inst four Ice
ages.
Sun's Heat Changes.
It l* the sun’s heat, he says, that
changes. A complete cycle of change j
takes anything from 100,000 to |
1,000,000 yeara. and the difference
in radiation represents a range of
about 40 per cent.
"We are at present approaching a
minimum,” he said, "and our cli
mate la cold and dry. All the evi
dence points to the conclusion that
the earth will continue to get cold
er and drier for s long time yet”
But even after the sun’s radia
tion has begun to Increase again, he
explained, Europe would have to go
through another Ice age before we
once again got really warm weather,
with temperatures from five to ten
degrees higher than they are now
and, no doubt, another Influx of
semi tropical life.
An Increase In solai radiation, he
said, would mean that there was
more difference In temperature be
tween the equator and the poles.
There would, therefore, he stronger
winds, more cloud, and more rain
and snow.
"At first,” he explained, “the In
creased precipitation would result
In greater accumulation of snow,
and the Increased cloud would pre
vent summer melting. The polar Ice
caps and the Ice fields on mountains
would extend, spreading Into lower
latitudes and down to lower heights.”
Warm Period to Follow.
That would bring the next Ice age
to Its maximum tens, perhaps hun
dreds of thousands of years hence.
Then, as the sun's radiation further
Increased In strength, the Ice would
be first checked In Its advance and
finally melted. There would follow
the warmest time of all, “a warm,
wet, Interglacial period,” with half
as much cloud again as there Is
now.
Next, as the sun’s rndlatlon be
“Foolish” Farming
Paying Dividends
Marquette, Mich.—The Upper
peninsula, agriculturally speak
ing. has Its eye on a downstate
farmer, starting In on a new
place in Baraga county, who
planted some strange seed heans
that he had picked up, no one,
not even the planter, knows
where.
The Upper peninsula was not
a bean country; they couldn't
be grown successfully, farmers
said. But In the fall of 11)30
the farmer harvested a good
sized crop. An agricultural agent
noticed It and spread the word.
This year at least *J<K) acres of
beans have been planted.
The bean, apparently some
form of Japanese plant which
thrives better here than In Ja
pan, Is expected to be raised In
paying quantities within a few
years as a result of the down
state farmer's "foolishness."
gan to decrease In Intensity again,
the same set of changes would be
reversed, and after another Ice age
we would drift hack to present con
ditions. We should have had two
Ice ages In the course of the one
solar cycle while In the tropics
there would have been a single wet
period corresponding with the wet.
Interglacial period nearest the poles.
When the next Ice ages are on,
the Atlantic will be a much less
healthy place for ships than will the
Pacific, because Arctic Ice has a
much greater tendency at this time
to drift down by that route than
the Pacific.
WEAR JEWELRY
B* citf.rib mmoi.ah
11 you would be iu IiksIiIon you
must wear more Jewelry than you
have been wearing during the last
several seasons, for I’nrls so de
crees. One of the Interesting de
velopments In cals present flair for
Jewelry la the revived Interest In
pearls. The rnnny-strand pearl
necklace Is proving Itself to be
a particular favorite with smart
Farlsiennes. The off-the-shoulder
draped neckline of the pastel pink
satin evening dress pictured at the
top of this group Is enhanced by
a four straud necklnce fastened at
the side by a rhinestone buckle.
For glamor and gleam there Is
nothing comparable to sparkling
rhinestones with the hlack evening
gown. Centered In the group Is a
black chiffon dress to which a del
icate necklnce of rhinestones on a
tillgree chain, two crescent clips
and twin bracelets add Infinite
charm. Now that the low-front
decolletnge Is with us again neck
laces become a smart necessity.
Thirdly In this trio a powder blue
linen party frock U golly accented
by two red cntnlln bead necklaces
und bracelets which repeat the
color of the belt und the popples In
the field-flower bouquet.
Employment in Logging
Camps Shows 25,000 Gain
Portland, Ore.—Employment In
lumber mills and logging camps of
the Pacific Northwest has Increased
from HO,000 In 1033 to more than
55,000 persons nt the present time,
and wages have shown an Increase
as high as 200 per cent In some sec
tions, It was said here recently by
W. B. Greeley of Seattle, secretary
manager of the West Coast Lum
bermen’s association.
U. S. CAN IDENTIFY
MOST CRIMINALS
Fingerprint* of 4,500,000 in
Government Files.
Washington.—On file at the De
partment of Justice are 4,500,000
finger-print cards bearing the tell
tale whorls and loops by which nl
most any criminal In the land can
be Identified.
To examine nil these cnrds at the
rate of one every ten seconds would
require five years, working six days
a week, eight hours a day.
Hut—through an elaborate fil
ing system, when prints are received
for Identification—It requires only
30 seconds to match them up with
Department flies.
And now J. Edgar Hoover, direc
tor of Uncle Sam's agents who wage
a relentless war on gangsters, wants
to cut that time to five seconds.
Even 22 seconds saved might prove
a decisive factor In an emergency,
he pointed out.
The five-second record can be
made by a ‘‘robot’’ searcher. It al
ready has been applied to about
25,000 fingerprint cards and Is be
ing rapidly extended to others.
Roughly, this amazing machine
works like this:
Each of the ten fingerprints re
ceived from a law enforcement
agency Is analyzed separately and
made Into a composite diagram,
punched Into a card.
When a sample fingerprint Is re
ceived for Identification, the ma
chine Is “set” according to the type
of the sample and the cards fed
In. Miraculously, It flips out only
a dozen or so of the cards, most
likely to correspond with the sam
ple.
To establish an Identification, it is
necessary only to examine the
fingerprint record represented by
the selected punch cards.
Finds Oldest Town in
U. S. Is Indian Village
Chicago.—The oldest town in the
United States, despite the claims of
St. Augustine. Fla., settled about
1665, and Santa Fe, N. M„ settled
about 1587, is the Indian settlement
of Oralbi ou the Hopl reservation
of Arizona. This was the assertion
of Dr. I’aul S. Martin, assistant cu
rator In charge of North American
archeology at Field Museum of Nat
ural History.
The town of Oralbi, according to
Doctor Martin, dates buck to at
least A. D. 1200, and It Is thus well
over 800 yearB older than any other
town on tb» continent. These con
clusions, Doctor Myrtle explained,
were reached after rcc'Bt't arche
ological work on the Oralbi site dis
closed that the present town Is
built on the ruins of perhaps a
score of earlier towns.
. ' ■ ■ ■■■
Leipzig Shows Pencils
That Will Weigh Mail
Leipzig.—Your fountain pen or
pencil, after being used to write a
leLer, also may be utilized to weigh
It and indicate the required post
age. A pocket pen or pencil of the
ordinary size 1b equipped with a
letter scale with spring attach
ment. On placing a letter on the
end of the pencil, an indicator at
once points to the necessary post
age, whether for domestic or for
eign delivery. The new device,
which Is cheap and highly prac
tical, hns been exhibited at the
Leipzig fair.
Man Makes His Dog
Earn License Fee
Blythevllle, Ark.—Bill Helm’s
dog pnld Its own license fee.
When the tax notice was re
ceived, Bill, who Is the town
crier for several merchants, de
cided his dog would have to earn
the money. He painted a ban
ner advertising a store and tied
It on the dog’s side. Later Bill
went around and collected the
dog’s pay and turned It over to
the city clerk for the tax.
President’s Mother Judges a Baby Contest
IMrs. James Roosevelt, mother of the President, acted as judge of a baby contest nt the Dutchess County
air at Poughkeeiude, N. Y. The photograph shows, left to right. Clay Pridgen, second prise winner, with his
nother; Mrs. James Roosevelt: Madeleine Pearl Holder, first prise wluuer, in her mother's arms, aud Shirley Ana
lick, third prise winner, and her mother.
SEEN--'HEARD
•round tha
National Capital
>i' CARTER FIELDM5SSB
Washington. — Negotiations be
tween this government and France
are unofficially under way looking
toward one of the new tariff
treaties. The problem has been that
France was most eager to sell its
wares In the United States, but has
found what seemed to be insuper
able difficulties In the way of ask
ing any concessions In return. In
fact, some of our more cynical dip
lomats commented several times
during the preliminary overtures
that France was so used to getting
her own sweet way with this coun
try she could not understand that
the idea of this reciprocity treaty
business was that both sides had to
make concessions.
As It is, France will not be able
to make any proposals to this coun
try, which would have a chance in
the world of being accepted unless
she revises her very definite policy
since the war about being practical
ly self-supporting so far as food is
concerned.
Actually France could absorb a
very considerable amount of Amer
ican wheat, and a far larger pro
portion of such fruits as apples,
with actual net benefit to her citi
zens. The point is that the cost of
producing sufficient wheat to feed
the French people and visitors to
France is excessive. It is accom
plished only at a very considerable
cost to the French housewife and
the French taxpayer.
Want Cheaper Bread
So a move is under serious con
sideration by the existing French
government, so Washington has
been informed, looking to changing
this policy. The thought would be
to let American foodstuffs, particu
larly wheat and fruit. In with a
rather moderate duty, and thus at
one move reduce the present sub
sidy burden on the French treas
ury and reduce the cost of bread to
the French consumers.
The move would not have been
possible u year ago. But two
changes in the situation have come
nhout in ttiat time. One is that there
has been some clamor about the
rapidly rising cost of living in
Frnnce. Already, to meet this popu
lar sentiment, the French govern
ment has taken such effective means
of dealing with the middleman that
the price of meat has been sharply
reduced to the housewife.
But this is not enough. The peo
ple are still clamoring. So the Idea
of making bread cheaper by reduc
ing the high government subsidy on
French-grown wheiy, and permit
ting importation of a sufficient
amount of American wheat to make
up for the falling off in domestic
production which would Immediate
ly ensue, is under consideration.
This plaeatlon of the populace is
second only to the urgent necessity
of balancing the budget, so as to
keep France on the gold standard,
on which the government is deter
mined, if possible.
The second reason Is that, as the
French lenders see the situation, the
urgency of the original reason for
producing all the wheat France
consumes inside her borders is not
ns Impelling as was the case one
year ago.
At that time the fear of war in
the immediate future was far great
er than right now. Hence the ne
cessity of being self-supporting on
foodstuffs. But Hitler’s gyrations in
(Jermnny have driven Italy, until
then probably France’s most bitter
enemy, into France’s arms, and the
fact is that at the moment Italo
French relations are more pleasant
thnri at any time since the urmistice.
And what with the French wine
and brandy makers, not to mention
ttie perfume men, the Jewelry fab
ricators, and whatnot who are now,
due to the high exchange and high
er tnriflfs of America, unable to sell
their wares in the world’s best mar
ket, there is quite a different feeling
about the wheat subsidy.
Negotiations have not approached
the public stage. In fact, they prob
ably will not for some months.
New Dealers Chuckle
Certain Republican trusts at Pres
ident Roosevelt, insisting that he
tell the American people what he
told Upton Sinclair In that two
hours, so they would understand
what he was planning and where
the country was headed, have caused
loud chuckles from New Dealers
here.
The point Is that there has never
been much doubt about where the
New Deal was headed, except on the
part of those—of whom there are a
great many—who simply do not be
lieve what they see, much less what
they read aud hear.
And one of those who believed
themselves to be In the dark, New
Dealers potnt out. Is noue other than
Upton Sinclair himself.
Otherwise, they hint, how could
he have been surprised at Roose
velt’s ideas? How could he have
thought so many of hia own Ideas
new. and then learn, as Sinclair said
In his National Press club speech,
that they were not?
For. of course. Federal Relief Ad
ministrator Hopkins has been doing
In part Just what Sinclair proposes
to do in California for some time.
Not only that, but since last winter
there have been the outraged pro
tests of business Interests whose
toes were tr|inpled on. Some of
these activities, and the protests of
business about them, were chron
icled in these dispatches shortly
after last Christmas. Particularly
the proposed manufacture of mat
tresses by unemployed, etc.
So far there has been no propos
al on the part of the federal govern
ment that the farmers could pay
their taxes with farm products,
which would otherwise rot on the
ground. But there is a good reason
for this omission. Farmers in
volved in difficulties of that sort
do not pay income taxes, or any
other direct taxes to the federal
government.
Loans to Farmers
But the rederai government has
been doing better than that by the
farmers. It has been loaning them
money to pay their state taxes. It
has been loaning them money on
their unsold crops, particularly cot
ton and wheat. It has been loan
ing them money to buy seed. And
all this for a long period prior to
the drouth, and therefore uncon
nected with drouth relief.
And it has heen paying them good
American currency for such sup
plies as it bought to feed the un
employed, not giving them certifi
cates which could be exchanged
only for some product produced by
the unemployed in state factories,
as proposed by Sinclair.
By the same token the federal
government laid itself open to the
charge of direct competition with
Industry by this same difference.
Had it exchanged furniture and
mattresses and whatnot produced
by the unemployed for the food
products of the farmers to feed
those same unemployed, the pro
cedure would have been more near
ly that of the EPIC plan of Mr. Sin
clair, and the manufacturers would
have had a harder time making
their case.
For the answer in either case is
that the unemployed are not buying
now, so the manufacturer is not
losing a market when they produce
something for themselves. It Is only
when their product is put on the
market that this competition arises
and private Industry is hurt.
Patronage Worries
With literally hundreds of mem
bers of the house and senate fight
ing either for renomination or re
election, calm Judgment is that
more of them nre in trouble about
patronage matters than anything
else. Yet this situation is present
despite the fact that never, In the
entire history of the country, have
so many Jobs been parceled out by
purely political endorsements of
these same representatives and sen
ators. For never at any time since
the establishment of the civil serv
ice system has that system less to
do with filling governmental posi
tions than in the last two years.
The destruction of the civil serv
ice—for that is what it Is if it con
tinues—did not begin with the
Roosevelt administration. The evo
lution has been nonpartisan. It be
gan with what might be called the
emergency measures. It came first,
so far ns volume Is concerned, with
the farm board, spreading into the
Department of Agriculture, with the
farmers’ seed loans, etc.
Under the direction of Secretary
of Agriculture Hyde, the old civil
service traditions began to drop
Into the waste-basket, as far as
Washington was concerned. From
that time on it has been a debacle,
most of the new agencies and ad
ministrations and authorities set up
being si>eclfically exempted from
the civil service.
Getting a Job
It Is rattier curious that this came
on the heels of what had been sup
posed to be a great civil service re
form—applying Its methods of pro
motion and selection to the diplo
matic service, except occasionally,
of course, for more important am
bassadors and ministers. And the
"career diplomat” came Into his
own, to the great annoyance of
many senators and representatives,
who sneered at the spats and canes
and "pink teas" (polite name dur
ing prohibition for cocktail parties)
of the career men.
Young men and women wanting
government Jobs today do not both
er about taking civil service exam
inations, however. The procedure
is very clear. First one must be
"cleared" through his Democratic
county committee. Then one must
be certified bv his Democratic con
gressman, if there Is one. If there
Is no IH>mocrntlc congressman, then
both senators must endorse the ap
pllcant.
This is the situation in Massa
chusetts. for instance, where there
are more Republican members in
the house than Democratic, hut both
senators happen to he Democrats.
If the applicant runs this gaunt
let successfully, the only remain
ing hurdle Is the Democratic na
tional committee, where the eagle
eyed Emil Ilurja Is the deciding ex
nmlner. acting, of course, for Na
tional Chairman Farley.
But the curious point about the
whole business is that senators and
members of the house fight man
fully to get more than their share
of appointments, if possible, yet
nearly every one of them will tell I
you that he wishes to high heaven |
that the civil service were nirtlght,
and that everyone knew that a sen
ator or congressman had no influ
ence so far as getting a political ap
pointment was concerned.
Copyright —WNl' Sor*l«*
ISLAND ^LEGENDS
A Docile Ceylon Temple Elephant.
Prepared by National Geographic Society.
EWashington. I>. G.—WNU Service.
HE duke of Gloucester, on
his forthcoming visit to Cey
lon, will present the Island
with the throne of its native kings.
The last Tamil king of Kandy, Wik
rama Itaja Sinhu, was unpopular
with his subjects. Aided by the
British, they deposed him in 1815
and sent his throne to England,
where ever since it has been pre
served in Windsor castle.
Ceylon Is known to most of us
only for its fragrant tea. Yet aside
from producing the leaves of one of
the world’s most popular beverages,
the island contributes many other
products to commerce. Coconut
fiber for brushes; tortoise shell for
combs and eye glasses; graphite,
an Important component of pencils;
cltronella oil, applied to ward off
mosquitoes; and cardamons, used to
deaden the taste of medicine.
A pear-shaped island half the
size of New York state, Ceylon lies
in the Indian ocean off the southern
tip of India. It is a British pos
session and has no political con
nection with India, though separat
ed from It only by 22 miles of wa
ter. A Hindu epic relates that this
strait was once bridged by a cause
way, the handiwork of an army of
monkeys.
Legend rises like incense from
Ceylon. A huge hollow in a rhodo
dendron-covered hill Is revered as
the footprint of Buddha. Moham
medans call It Adam's peak, Ara
bian legend relates that Adam and
Eve, driven out of Paradise, were
allowed to enter this enchanting Is
land. In many ways it is a second
Eden. It Is drugged with sweet
scents that breezes waft far out
over the high seas. Three days be
fore mariners sight Ceylon, they
can smell its heavy fragrance,
which rises from flower-decked tem
ples, from blossoms trampled on
the highway, from blooming lotus,
frangipannl, gardenia, cinnamon
and other spice trees.
Natives Have Idyllic Life.
British modernization of the Is
land has disturbed but little the
almost idyllic existence of the na
tives. Off the palm-fringed shores,
where lazy surf rolls on yellow
sands, they fish leisurely from out
rigger canoes. British automobiles
may speed over the island’s copper
colored roads, but Ceylon’s 34,000
slow-moving bullock carts set the
tempo for native life. On any road,
arched over with tamarind trees,
festooned with pepper vines, one
passes cream-colored bullocks,
drawing huge thatch-roofed “prairie
schooners,” bursting with families
and their household belongings. The
brown-skinned Sinhalese women are
slender and delicately featured,
often beautiful. The men in their
tight skirts, and hair caught up in
a bun, appear effeminate. Their
mouths are stained from chewing
soothing betel nuts.
Ceylon is a land wrested from
the jungle. It wTell deserves its an
cient name of Tamraparni, the is
land of “dusky leaves,” for most of
its hilis and low-l.vlng plains are
covered with thick jungles. Glossy
Jnk trees, bamboos, ebony and oth
er rare hardwoods are woven to
gether by wild vines.
Jungle has overgrown Ceylon’s
ancient cities. The most extensive
of these Anuradhpura, 250 miles
north of Colombo, was the capital
of a highly civilized Ceylon about
200 B. C. A royal residence, with
00.000 Buddhist priests umong Its
Inhabitants, It must once have cov
ered an area Inrger than London.
Hindu Tamils reduced It to a heap
of granite posts and sculptured
friezes, it now Is strangled by
creepers. The Ceylon archeology
department, which erected govern
ment offices and bungalows there,
cleared gladellke corridors to It, so
that visitors may view its fascinat
ing ruins.
3unshin« and Heavy Rains.
Ceylon's climate is fairly good
for the tropics. Though moist and
tnervatlng with warmth, It la tern
pered by sea breezes, and is health
ful except in the low-lying Jungles,
where malaria has taken heavy tolL
Infant mortality is excessive, du»
chiefly to malaria. Intensive anti
malaria work and maternal and
child welfare work are slowly pro
ducing good results.
The Island alternates between
scorching sunshine and heavy show
ers. At times the air is very still
and hot Thunder over hills and
Jungles precedes midsummer rains
so torrential that every leaf drips.
Clumps of giant bamboo already
over 100 feet high shoot up another
foot in a single day. Liquid bird
calls echo through drenched Jun
gles. The streams leaping from fall
to fall down the central uplands to
the coast gush in torrents and
sometimes flood the land.
Formerly, when scant rain fell,
the rivers dried up into parched wa
ter-courses, carpeted with grass.
Deer from the woods ventured out
on them, and wild swine plowed
them up at night. The northwest
and southeast corners of Ceylon
became burning deserts.
To counteract this, Irrigation was
begun centuries ago. Irrigation 1*
needed because rice is the staple
food of its Inhabitants. The early
Sinhalese kings made a great part
of Ceylon cultivable by construct
ing artificial lakes or “tanks.” Mod
[ ern Ceylon is doing extensive irri
gation work, damming up river*
and conserving water in reservoirs
for dry times. This has not only
converted arid land into agricul
tural areas, but has checked floods
and malaria.
Ceylon’s prosperity depends en
tirely on her agriculture. The soil
Is extremely fertile, and about one
fourth of the land Is under cultiva
tion. The valleys are a patchwork
of vivid green rice fields. The hills
are striped with rows of tea bushes,
and rubber trees. The tea industry,
largely In the hands of Europeans,
Is the mainstay of the island, ex
porting about 250 million pounds
annually.
Aside from tea. and cltronella oil,
Ceylon exports chiefly raw mate
rials: cacao, cinnamon, coconuts,
areca nuts, rubber, and cardamons.
Island Is a Jewel Box.
Cnlik^ the Tamils, who do most
of the unskilled labor, the Sinha
lese are skilled workers, being
largely Jewel grinders, weavers,
lacquer makers.
Ceylon is a jewel box of precious
stones. In Colombo, the headquar
ters for Jewel grinders and whole
sale and retail Jewel sellers, one
may purchase pearls, glowing
rubies, sapphires, amethysts, moon
stone, and alexandrites, those weird
stones, green by day and sullen red
under artificial light. The early
Greeks knew Ceylon as “the Land
of Rubles.”
The Island Is noted for Its pearls.
The pearl fisheries are located on
the northwestern coast along the
Gulf of Mannar. Along this shore,
which Is sea bottom become land
by slow upheaval, for 10 or 12 miles
Inland, the plow turns up oyster
shells everywhere. Here, at the
time of pearl fishing, thousands of
boats are anchored off shore, tem
porary villages spring up over
night, complete with snake charm
ers and magicians to lure the money
of the newly rich pearl divers.
Ceylon’s fauna would populate a
wpird zoo. Rose-colored flamingoes
mnte In Its artificial lakes. Man
eating crocodiles uask on the
shores. Through shoulder-high
grass, wild buffaloes watch tame
buffaloes plowing rice fields. The
air rings with screams of wild pea
fowl and white-headed fishing
eagles.
The Jungles fill the tropic night
with uncanny bootings and catcalls.
The blood-curdling call of the devil
bird makes one's flesh creep and
9ue’s hair stand on end. The brown
hawk-owl makes a cry like a
strangled cat. Above the chatter
ing of monkeys, one hears the tmm
petlng of wild elephants.
