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About The frontier. (O'Neill City, Holt County, Neb.) 1880-1965 | View Entire Issue (Oct. 29, 1914)
mmmmmmmmammmmKmmmmmmmmmmmatvmwmmmmmmm— ' PRESIDENT’S ENVOY BACK FROM MEXICO MODERN WAR IS MERCIFUL tinder Existing Conditions the Wound ed Are Given a Fair Chance to Recover Health. A general impression is that with powerful weapons of great precision greater loss of life and greater pain are caused. The view is almost cer tainly Inaccurate. The modern bul let, says the Scotsman, unless it is of the soft-nnsed type, is on the whole merciful, and either kills outright or gives its victim a fair chance of re covery. It does not. as a rule, muti late. The ambulance corps was practical ly unknown 60 years ago, and not only Is aid brought more rapidly to the wounded, but it is far more ef fective than in the pre-Llster days. Rapidity of conveyance has Increased beyond all comparison. In the pres ent war it is true to say that in many cases men have been lying in a Brit ish hospital within 24 hours of re ceiving their wounds. If the risk of being hit is greater, the chances of recovery from injury have been im mensely Increased. I>r. Tierce’s Pleasant Pellets regulate and invigorate stomach, liver and bowels. Bugnr-coated, tiny granules. Easy to take u candy. Adv. War Snatches. Blmeon Ford, the humorist of New York, said the other day: “We are a nation of humorists. We extract humor even out of war. As I walked down Broadway the other morning I overheard scraps of talk like these: " 'The missionaries have been look ing for heathens In the wrong coun tries.' ‘“What’s the matter with the late Rudyard Kipling resurrecting himself and giving us a new war Bong?' •“Carnegie’s peace palace? The kaiser has turned it Into a fort.’ ’’ PYB OWN l)Itl HOIST WIM. TETX YOI7 Marino Bye Itemedy for Hod, VVoak, Watery « and Granulated Byellds; No Smarting— . Rye Comfort. Write for Book of the Bye mail Free. Murine Bye Keumdy Co.. Chicago. Not Due to Ignorance. Doctor Briggs received a note from a farmer living back quite a ways in the country, requesting him to como •a quickly as possible to see his child who was very sick with "a very bad cold.” The doctor examined the child and then turned to the mother. "Don't you know,” he asked, "that your little girl is coming down with the measles?” "Yes, doctor,” wuh the woman's re ply. "I knew sha was.” ■'Then why in the world,” asked (he doctor, "did you write me that she had , a very bad cold?” The woman hesitated for a moment, I then, looking at her husband, said, with sullen frankness: "Neither him nor me knew how to *pell ‘measles.’ ’’—National Monthly. Resonant Turn-Turns. Little Madge had been listening to her mother reading from the paper, All was silent for some little time, and then Madge burst out laughing very suddenly. "Why, dearie,” said the mother, -what is It?” “I was thinking of what you jusl read about the wild people in Africa, I mother,” replied the child. "But there was nothing amusing about that, dear.” "Why, yes there was, mother,” said Madge, "about their beating on their tum-tums till they could be heard for ■miles.”—Everybody’s Magazine. Lay something by for a rainy day, and Just as soon as the clouds begin \ to gather some fellow will come along and borrow It.—New York Times. Many a woman’s imagination makes her an invalid. y~" .1 ~y Tone Up! Not Drugs— Food Does It | —wholesome, appetizing food that puts life and vigor into one, but doesn’t clog the system. Such a food is Grape-Nuts The entire nutrition of > wheat and barley, in cluding the vital mineral salts—phosphate of pot ash, etc.— Long baked, easily | digested, ready to eat; an ideal food with cream or milk, and fine in many combinations. “There’s a Reason” for ; Grape-Nuts —sold by Grocers. > - - . . ........ ........... - - . . .... : j GREAT VOLUME OF LEGISLATION j COMPLETED B Y LONGES T CONGRESS *-------_---* 3 Washington (Special)—The first regular session of the Sixty-third con gress which began December 1. 1913. is about to be concluded. Begun as an uninterrupted continuation of the spec ial session called by President Wilson a month after his inauguration, It Is the longest sitting of congress in the history of the nation. The work, Including that of the spec ial session for tariff reform end Income tax provisions, represents the legisla tive achievement of the first democratic congress since March 4, 1897. The chief enactmonts Include the new currency law. anti-trust legislation, repeal of the toll exemption provision for Amer ican coastwise ships In the Panama canal, and the provision to build a gov ernment railroad In Alaska. The congiess was remarkable for the ( fact that In loss than two years It had to deal with conditions arising from two foreign wars—tho revolution in , Mexico and the European conflict—and was on tho verge of facing a war be tween the United States and Mexico. Both of these situations demanded , emergency legislation, some of which may have far reaching effect upon the future course of the nation in its . foreign affairs. As a rule the utmost co-operation be tween democratic leaders In congress . and President Wilson marked the ses sion, although one notable break oc curred in the party over repeal of the ' tolls provision of tho Panama canal act, 1 This led to an alignment which placed < tho president and some of the party * leaders on opposite sides. Among those who took issue with tho chief ex- . ocutive being Speaker Clark und Ma- , Jorlty Leader Underwood. Speaker Clark’s defense of his opposition to repeal furnished one of the most j spectacular climaxes In tho history of the House. Five Personal Appeals. , The president appeared before Joint sessions of the House and Senate on < five occasions. Ho delivered his general i legislative messago December 2. Sub sequent messages were on anti-trust legislation, the Mexican situation, pleading for continuation of “watch ful waiting,” tho tolls repeal bill and the necessity for a war revenue bill. Most Important of the laws enacted by congress since December 1, 1913 £ were: Federal reserve act creating 12 re- c glunal reserve banks, and federal re- , serve board of control and reforming j the currency system. Federal trade commission act, crea ting a commission of five members and absorbing the bureau of corporations to 5 Investigate organization, conduct and ( practices of Industrial corporations; In- j quire Into unfair competition and al- j, loged violation of anti-trust acts; to t aid the department of Justice anil the ( courts In the prosecution of business ( offenders; to make public Information f deemed to be of public Interest re- t lating to Industrial conditions and to „ recommend remedial business leglsla- r tlon. j Tho Clayton anti-trust act, which provides for guilt of Individuals con nected with corporations convicted of ' violating tho anti-trust laws, limits Interlocking directorates, prohibits j holding companies which will lessen t competition, prevents exclusive nnd ty- J lng contracts, liberalizes laws relating ® to Injunction and contempt and ex- B empts from prosecution under anti- , trust laws agricultural, horticultural, , fraternal and labor organizations. ‘J Act repealing provisions of the Pan- r ama Canal law exempting from pay ment of tolls American vessels engaged J In coastwise shipping of the United States. n Alaska Railroad Project. r Tho Alaska railroad law providing t for government construction and oper- j atton of 1,000 miles of railroad, with - telegraph and telephone lines, from the lower Pacific coast to Interior waters c and mineral region of Alaska at a cost 7 not to exceed $35,000,000. r Laws placing on a war footing the , volunteer militia and naval militia of { tho states, subjecting them In time of 1 war to the call of the signal corps of £ the army. Law regulating cotton future sales on ‘ stock exchange, providing a tax of 2 B cents a pound on sales for future deltv- J: ery unless actually delivered under J1 conditions and grades established by 1 the department of agriculture. Overshadowing much other important r legislation were emergency measures B demanded by the extraordinary condl- 1 tions precipitated by the war in Eu- s. rope. Such legislation, enacted or about J to become law, Included the following * measures: War reveni e law imposing special In- ® ternal revenue taxes to aggregate ap- * proximate annual revenue of $108,000,000 to offset estimated treasury deficit due 1 to loss of customs receipts during the B European war. 1 Amendment to panama eanai act an- j mltting to American registry foreign : built ships of American ownership to ' engage in overseas and South American 1 trade. Emergency currency act, per- ® mltting banks of national currency as- • socintlons to issue circulating notes up 1 to 125 per cent of their unimpaired ® capital and surplus nnd making avail- ‘ able to hanks of the country more than ‘ $1,000,000,000 of emergency currency. ® Law creating in the treasury depart- J ment a bureau of war risk Insurance, 1 appropriating $5,000,000 to Insure ships 1 of American registry against hazards | of the European war. Resolutions appropriating $2,750,000 1 for protection and transportation of * American citizens stranded In Euro pean war zones nnd authorizing the [ American Red Cross society to charter 1 a ship of foreign register and fly the 1 American flag. Appropriation of $1,000,000 for extra ! expense of diplomatic and Oonsular ser vice In taking over embassies, legations and consular offices of warring nations in Europe. 1 Mexican Tangle. , Refore these unforeseen conditions ( which demanded decisive* action to j cope the European situation, congress , had on Its hands for most of the ses sion the threatening Mexican imbro- ] glio which came to a climax in the act . of reprisal by the government In the \ seizure of Vera Cruz. Many times the j situation was critical, and actual war fine with Mexico was prevented only , by the course of the administration and ( toe cool heads In congress In prevent ing untoward oratorical outbreaks and ! unwise action. Legislation growing out of the Mexican controversy was limited to the following: Resolution expressing congress' Jus tification of employment by the presi dent of armed forces of the United States to enforce demands for affronts and Indignities against this nation and disclaiming any hostility to the Mex- , lean people or any purpose to make war on Mexico. Appropriation of $500,000 for trans portation and care of Interned Mex ican soldiers and military refugees nnd $500,000 for relief and transportation to the United States of American cit izens In Mexico. Other 'egislation placed upor. the statute books Included scorea of local ! Improvement laws, many measure* re lating to land entries, and the follow ing: General appropriations for govern ment expenses aggregating approxi mately $1,200,000,000. Appropriation of $20,000,000 for rlveri ind harbors Improvements at discre don of war department, passed as sub stitute for $52,000,000 specific appro priation bill after prolonged filibuster Raw granting public water supply :o city of San Francisco from Hetchy valley In Yosemtte National park. Act prohibiting Importation of opiurr 'xcept for medicinal purposes undei rreasury regulation and placing pro libitlon tax of $300 a pound on opium nanufactured In the United States fo: imoklng purposes. Act authorizing payment of money irders at any money order office In ■ountry although drawn on specified iffice. Appropriation of $800,000 for treat nerit and eradication of hog cholera ind dourine. Raw limiting labor of women in the district of Columbia to 8 hours a day. Agricultural extension act providi ng for co-operation between depart nent of agriculture and state ngrlcul ural colleges in diffusion of lnforma lon relating to agriculture and home eonomlcs and providing for an ulti nato annual appropriation of nearly 5,000,000. An act raising the American dlsplo natic agencies In Argentine and Chile rorn legations to embassies. A provision for election of United States Senators under laws governing lection of members of House of Rep esentatives In states where legisla ures had not passed special election iws. Act providing agricultural entry of ihosphate. nitrate, potush and other nlneral lands. Act providing Income tax of 1 per ent of the gross annual income of allroad corporations In Alaska. Raw establishing United States oast guard and consolidating the evenue cutter and life saving serv tes with Increases In salary for em iloyes. Act reorganizing diplomatic and onsular service of the country. Act providing for government leas ag of coal lands in Alaska and to pre ent monopolization of natural re ources of the territory. Resolution creating commission to onstder the subject of national aid for ocatlonal education to report not iter than June 1 next. l-oreign Halations. Foreign relations of the United dates absorbed much attention of the ongress irrespective of the wars in lexlco and Europe and formed the asls for discussion by the president n his annual message and in fre uent conferences with members of he foreign relations committee. This ommlttee lost Its chairman early In ho session through the suddon death f Senator Augustus O. Bacon, of leorgia. Senator William J. Stone, of Ilssourl, was chosen to succeed him s head of this important committee, fhlch was busy throughout the ses lon with the consideration of treaties nd other foreign affairs. General ar ltration treaties with 12 foreign na ons, upon recommendation of this ommlttee, were ratified by the Sen te, as follows: Great Britain, Japan, Italy, Spain, rorway, Sweden, Portugal, Switzer tnd, Paraguay, Austria-Hungary, the letherlands and Salvador. Eater In the session, and In the lidst of the European conflict, the enate, upon recommendation of the 3telgn relations committee, ratified ew treaties providing for peace corn tlsslons of Investigation in lntoma onal disputes not settled by ordinary lplomacy with 23 foreign nations as )llows: Norway, the Netherlands, Portugal, witzerland, Denmark, Italy, Salvador, ruatemnla, Honduras, Nicaragua, Bo vla, Persia, Costa Rica, Venezuela, ionduras, Argentina, Brazil, Chile, eru, Paraguay, Great Britain, France nd Spain. Simllur treaties nego iated and urged for ratification, but eld up in the Senate for further con Ideration are with China, Panama and an Domingo. A similar treaty has een negotiated with Russia to be sent 3 the Senate later. Much time was given by the com littee for hearings and consideration f a treaty with Nicaragua, to acquire he Nicaraguan canal route and naval tation rights in the Bay of Fonseca, or $3,000,000; and the treaty with lolumbia, to pay that country $25,000, 00 compensation for the Panama canal trip. Action on both treaties was de srred until next sess.on. Investigations by congress were less han has been undertaken in recent essions. The special lobby investigat ig committee of the Senate, however, ontlnucd Its existence and probed in > alleged lobbying in connection with he passage of the Panama canal act, nd the subsequent repeal of the tolls xemption provision. The committee as not yet made a final report. The louse lobby committee reported a res lution of censure for Representative IcDermott, of Illinois, who resigned is office. Investigation by the Inter tate Commerce commission into the Inanclal operation of the New York, lew Haven & Hartford Railroad com any and the Chicago, Rock Island & ’aeiflc railway was instituted by rcso atlons of congress. Investigations also I'ere conducted, by Senate and House ommlttees Into the West Virginia coal trike, the Michigan copper strike, and he Colorado coal strike. Inquiries, aading to impeachment proceedings vhich eventually were dropped, were onducted by the House judiciary com alttee Into the affairs of Judge Daniel ’hew Wright, of the supreme court of he District of Columbia, and Emory Spear, United States circuit judge or the southern district of Georgia. Notwithstanding Its achievements the ongress left much important work un tnlshed. Much of this legislation will io taken up for consideration in the vlnter session, though It will be lm losslble, In the opinion of admlnlstra lon leaders, to consider all of it before djournment. March 4. next. Some of he subjects uncompleted are the fol owlng: Government purchase of merchant •essels, advanced ns part of the war mergeney program, but postponed by igroement with the president, until lext session. Revision of Immigration laws, Includ tig an Illiteracy test, passed by the House and approved by the Senate ■ommlttees, but never pressed In Sen Go. Regulation of development of water lower In navigable streams. Bill providing for leasing of mines tnd other natural resources on public lomain. Bill providing eventual independence ’or the Philippines, which passed the House, but was deferred until next ses sion by the Senate. Bill to provide rural credits legisla tion. by establishment of a system ol [arm mortgage banks. Equal Suffrage. Resolution providing for aubmisaion of constitutional amendment granting ; suffrage to women, passed In House, defeated in Senate, and reintroduced. Bill to p/rovlde for submission of con- ! stitutlonal amendment for national pro- ' i hlbition. National dirert primaries for nomin- j ation of presidential candidate. Regulation of railroad stocks and , bonds by the Interstate Commerce com mission undertaken as part of anti trust program but deferred. Measure for regulation of stock ex change and boards of trade undertaken and reported by the Senate committee on banking and currency. Bill for greater safety at sea and amelioration of condition of sailors, passed by both houses, considered in conference and recommitted to Senate committee on commerce. Measure for limitation of campaign ! contributions. j Constitutional amendment limiting ! service of a president of United States to a single term. National aid to building of good roads, bills for which were reported this session. Reorganization of the civil service. Measure providing for government licensing of cotton ware houses, which passed the Senate but was held upon the House, and other measures con templated for relief of cotton situation In the south. Interesting features of the session were controversies In the Senate over several of the pres’ldent’s appointments. The nomination of H. M. Pindell, of Peoria, to be ambassador to Russia led to a prolonged inquiry by the Senate ■ committee on foreign relations. The nomination was once withdrawn. Mr. i Pindell was latter renamed and was ordered confirmed by the Senate, fol lowing which Mr. Pindell asked the president to withdraw his name. The nomination of Thomas D. Jones, of Chi- ■ cago, director of the International Har- 1 vester company as a member of the federal reserve board, precipitated a struggle in the Senate committee on banking and currency. In the midst of the fight Mr. Jones requested the pres ident to withdraw his name. The nomination of Paul M. Warburg of New York, as member of the federal reserve board, also stirred up a controversy, Mr. Warburg once refusing to appear before the banking and currency com mittee. He eventually yielded and his appointment was confirmed by the Sen ate. i Two senators, William O. Bradley, of Kentucky, (republican) and Aug ust O. Bacon, of Georgia, (democrat), died during the session. Three deaths occurred in the House membership— Representatives Irving S. Pepper, of Iowa; Robert G. Bremner, of New Jer sey and William Richardson, of Ala- , bama, all democrats. -- t UHLANS INVITE DEATH ♦ ♦ 4 ♦ Work of Cavalry Is to Draw 4 4 Enemy’s Fire—Cannot Hope 4 ♦ to Defend Themselves, But + 4 Aim Only to Locate Oppos- 4 4 inq Armies. -f l‘UlltlHIIUIHMMHi>l Rotterdam—Of the Gorman uhlans, of whom much has been heard In the European war, Luigi Barzinl, a wide- , ly known Italian war correspondent, says In the Corriere Della Sera: “As we neared a small station and the train lessened Its speed we saw a small troop of cavalry guarding the railroad crossing—a patrol of uhlans. Their demeanor was calm. Although they were in the enemy’s country, their care free attitude gave the impres sion that they were merely In a man euver camp. "The swarms of cavalry the Germans send out ahead of their advance are to be found everywhere—on any high way, on any path. It is their business to see as much as possible. They show themselves everywhere and they ride until they are fired upon, keeping this up until they have found the enemy. Theirs is the task of riding into death. The entire front of the enemy Is es tablished by them and many of them are killed—that is a certainty they face. Now and then, however, one of them manages to escape to bring the Infor mation himself. “The fire with which the uhlans are received permits of a fair estimate of the strength of the enemy, for they know that usually all the soldiers shot as soon ns the cavalry of the enemy shows itself. “At every bush, every heap of earth, ' the uhlan must say to himself: ‘Here I will meet an enemy In hiding.' He knows that he cannot defend himself against a fire that may open on him from all sides. Everywhere, there Is danger for the uhlan—hidden danger. j "Nevertheless, he keeps on riding, ! calmly and undisturbed, In keeping j with German discipline.'' In contact work, as the task de- ! scribed by Barzinl, the uhlan rides In small bodies until he has drawn the fire of the enemy. Instead of retreat- ! Ing, as lie may do In ordinary recon- j naisance work, he endeavors to trace the front of the enemy, riding parallel to It—usually until the last man Is shot down. The contact action ha's, mean while, been closely observed from the German front and the advance and at tack of the Infantry Is governed by the information gained at the expense of the uhlan, for whom there is no hope as soon as he Is detailed for this duty, but who, from all accounts, does not seem to mind this part of his work. Blasphemous Not Acrimonious. “Do I understand you to say,” asked the judge, “that his remarks were acrimonious?" “No, Judge, your honor. I didn't say that I said he just swore at me. I ain't a-gotn’ to claim that ho done what he didn't do.’ There are engaged In positions of vnring Importance In the German post office department no fewer than 16G.000 i women. Before the War. Peace conventions, cabinet meetings, Nota's. contra's, feverish heat, Mobilization, dreadnought fleeting. Ultimatums, drumsticks beat; Princes’ speeches, courage giving, Heaven-requested bliss and speed. Hurrah shouts from soldiers living. Victory—sure through valiant deed. In the War. Weary marching, hasty camping. Sentry duty, hunger, thirst, Scanty rations, ardor damping. Prompt obeying always first; Cannon roaring, bullets flying, Shrapnel raining, musket click. Taking forts, 'mid comrades llylng Groaning, bleeding, fast and thlck. After the War, Million debt, the land neglected. Ruined commerce, empty shops. Counties lost, which greed selected. Enemy's greed, which never stops; Countless thousands fallen, crippled. Wounded, countless thousands more. All the country mourning—rippled. Widows, orphans, thousands more. —Contributor. t WHY THE DUKES ARE + ♦ SELLING THEIR LANDS + Editorial in the Baltimore Sun. With the duke of Marlborough auc tioning off his own lands—a live duke crying the farmers’ bids; with huge blocks of London real eBtate changing hands and portions of many estates on the market, the radical changes con servatives preclicted as a result of Lloyd-Georgie's policies are actually taking place. With land taxed at its real value, many of the dukes and gen try find it unprofitable to maintain their holdings. They are “land poor,” and there is no question that many large estates will be divided or reduced. Lloyd-George struck a severe blow at the whole system of “landed gen try.” by which the great mass of Eng lish farmers have been held as tenants. As long as landlords refused to sell. It was impossible for the independent farmer to get a foothold. Breaking up of large estates into small holdings means that the British farmer will en joy an independence he has never be fore possessed, and millions of acres FVa*.»WGre as f-ranie preserves or left fallow or in forest will be brought under cultivation. The liberal chancellor began by proving that the large landholders were not bearing anything like their share of the burden of taxation. Vast tracts were on the tax books at the same valuation that had prevailed hundreds of years ago. Revaluation of land, putting It on the tax books at its true value, was the first step. That was a mere act of Justice; but, as Lloyd-George saw, the results would be far-reaching. If fully taxed, the soil must l>e put to use. The hue and cry against his vast schemes of poor relief, insurance against illness and un employment. provision for the aged poor, better housing of working people, proceeded from the belief, now a cer tainty, that they would be paid for largely by the wealthy who had not been taxed in proportion to their means. His ambitious schemes for the wel fare of the working classes entailed an expense that shocked the more con servative members of his own party. Facing a deficit of $25,000,000 in the budget the chancellor found even that Insufficient and doubled the amount. “Where is the money coming from?” his critics demanded. Lloyd-George’s smiling reply was, “No poor man’s cupboard shall be the barer by reason of my proposals.” In addition to the larger revenues from taxation of land at its value, the tax on incomes was largely increased. Compared with the British income tax. that of the United States is extremely light. On $1,000 Income the Englishman pays $7.50. On $3,500 the American pays but $5; in England it would be $118. The tax on $500,000 In England is $62,500. as against $25,020 here. But it must be remembered that a very much larger proportion of Englishmen live off their Incomes and pay practically no tariff tax. •ir the -Uoyd-George program meant nothing moro than increasing taxation. It could not be Justified. But John Burns, head of the British board of trade, estimates that within the last Bight years 600,000 lives have been saved by the Improvement in housing tnd health conditions and Infant wel fare. Pauperism, the great bane of England, which baffled the conserva tives. has been dealt with, the number Bf pauper charges in England and R ales decreased by 178,000. The Bru sh workingman no longer fears he will Become a public charge if he falls sick Br loses his Job. The aged poor no ; longer have the fear of the alms-house i continually before them. There is in surance against sickness, against un Bmployment and against old age. Thousands of hovels and noisom* tenements have been tom down to givB place to decent homes. And with all this has come a new spirit of inde- I pendence and democracy. With dukes selling off sections of their estates to yeomen and the house ! 3f lords stripped of its power even Macaulay, who, in his review of Hal am’s history, predicted sweeping changes in British government and ife. would have been amazed at the changes that are taking place. Busy Days at the State Department. 'A Neutral Nation's Activities," by Hal lam Winter, in National Magazine. Day after day the little ribbons of red white and blue attached to the corre spondence flutter about the desks in the lepartment over which William Jennings Bryan presides. Into the room of the sec *etary file the newspaper correspondents ind in 10 mlnuteB the world-survey is made, the columns of news are written ind telegraphed all over the country. The secretary, sitting on the corner of his lesk, discusses the situation in San Do mingo as encouraging ^replies to the in terrogations about Mexico. Japan, the far ind the near east, answering now- and then, "I am not prepared to dismiss that proposition." It is all so informal, so simple, so democratic—Just what one would conceive in a republic now holding :he stakes, while world stakes are being played for with the grim dice of "the iron lame." The scenes have shifted from Mexico to :ha old world, but whether It is Informa ion from Nicaragua or the latest ndvices From Japan, the routine of the work at :he state department concerns vitally more different countries than at any other time in the history of the government. The acute spots marked on the map blaze pver the world as never before at one time. As if foreign complications were pot enough, the state department is also sngrossed with the task of rescuing and Hiding Uncle Sam's citizens stranded ibroad. Over 30,000 letters were received n two weeks from Americans, asking Hbout relatives and friends on pleasure tours In the suddenly war ridden coun tries. Over 5.000 persons were located, and many American residents who had not taken om citizenship papers were drafted nto service and appealed to Uncle Sam For release. Thirty extra clerks were em ployed. and the work continued night and lay. In the Cradle of Polo, From Outing. Tho antiquity of polo Is much moro lefinitely established than Is the region if Its origin. As far back as the Sixth of polo from the frontier of India— from which country It reached the western world by way of England— jives no Indication as to which of the rival claimants is the legitimate one. Indian cricket, tennis and golf are in different, but Indian polo, taken by and large. Is the best in the W’orld. Between native and British players, in fact. It Is not Improbable that a dozen polo teams could be put in the field In that coun try which would stand an excellent chance of carrying off the honors in a round robin with an equal number of fours picked from England and Ameri ca, If not all the rest of the world. Koeniqsberq. From the London Chronicle. Should the Russians occupy Koenigs herg a heavy blow will have been dealt tit Prussian pride. For here it was that In 1701 Frederick I crowned himself first king of Prussia and William I In 1861. The great grain exporting city has grown up in modern times, but it had Its foun dations laid in the Thirteenth century by the Knights of the Teutonic Order, who built themselves a blockhouse, and after ward a castle. The dukes of Prussia loved the city and held royal state in a palace that has long since disappeared. Koerdgsberg might be described as the Louvain of Fast Prussia. Its scientific Institutions are many, and Its university contains, u Louvain's did. 200,000 volumes Pan! Fuller. Paul Fuller, President Wilson’» personal envoy t® Mexico, returned from that troubled country last week and made a secret report to th# president. While he would not talk for publication, it is understood that his sympathies are with Villa rather than with Carranza. Dogs In the Manger. The president has been notified that 11 he insists on the passage of the govern ment owned merchant marine bill, con gress will not be able to adjourn before the November elections. This means that the ship subsidies are improving their stranglehold on a democratic congress and that it will take a long fight to shake them off. This being the situation, why a surren der rather than a fight? It is now two months since the war tied up so much shipping on which the foreign trade of the United States de pends. It Is two months since new and most promising routes for trade began to open for this country, without any ship ping to take them up. What has private capital done in this time to seize so great an opportunity? How many ships has it bought or started to buy and transfer to the American flag? How many ships has it contracted to have built? The answer is that it has done nothing. It is buying no ships. It Is building no ships. Aside from the action of one or two large concerns in transferring their ships from the British to the American flag, which has not Increased our ocean transportation facilities by a single ton, this private capital has done nothing to overcome the great emergency or meet the great opportunity. It is content with pre venting the government from doing any thing, lest old subsidy lose the advantage of this emergency and opportunity. Crowding forward the government owned marine bill will at least serve to drive these dogs out of the manger. It may even serve to set them at work after being driven out. Trouble With Our City Governments The basic difficulty, as I conceive it, 1* that we made the mistake of fashioning the forms of our city government upon the governments of the nation and the states; and that, having thus set up a system of administrative machinery whol ly unsuited to its purposes, we proceeded, logically perhaps, to run our cities not with reference to their own needs of busi ness interests, but upon the issues of na tional politics. The fact that the adminis tration of a city has nothing whatever to do with divisions of opinion upon lines of national policy has but reoently occurred to us, and is still strange doctrine in many parts of the land. Thus—to cite an In stance that sums up the system lself—the question of the choice of a city commis sioner of street cleaning, whose sole duty it would be to clean the streets efficiently and to help protect the public health, would be determined according to view* held by the voters upon the tariff, or the currency, or the proper method of regu lating the trusts; and the eocalled "com missioner,” when so appointed, might be depended upon to turn both contracts and subordinate appointments over to those who had made him r*>lltlcally possible. When we consider such a situation re flectively, It seems difficult to conceive of anything more ridiculous. And still, the American people, who pride themselves upon their keenness in business and trade, have for generations tolerated a system or handling the purely business interests of their communities that sets aside the first principles of business, and has rolled up an appalling bill of waste in every part of the land. A Question of Degree. "Gertie," said a mother to her D-year old daughter, “here's a dime; run down to the drug store and set me a bottle of sweet oil.” Gertie started down the street, but • soon came running back to ask: “About how sweet do you want it, mamma0" A bottle of wine left in Philadelphia when the British evacuated that city during the revolution has been given to a local society and will be drunk In 1992 when the society will celebrate Its centennial and the wine will be 214 years old. Switzerland shares with Scotland the distinction of being the best educated country in the world. DR. S. M. WELLS, Specialist In rheumatism, neu ralgia, dropsy, paraly sis, catarrh or and stomach, bo* >1* ind bladder; liver cou itiputioq, heart, piles. , ulcers, rectal troubles, n i? a list ones. gravel, ? "treated successfully without the knife), Hystero-epilensy, mol anchotia and incom patibilities of men and A women, blood and all chronic diseases. Con saltation and exami nation strictly confi gsfj&s denttai. Dr. Wells is d«sssk'i> >•<."' « sellable, experienced an<* educated. Offices) a505 lowa bldg.. Cor ner Fifth and l-;erce sta.. Bioux City, La