mmmmmmmmammmmKmmmmmmmmmmmatvmwmmmmmmm—
' PRESIDENT’S ENVOY
BACK FROM MEXICO
MODERN WAR IS MERCIFUL
tinder Existing Conditions the Wound
ed Are Given a Fair Chance
to Recover Health.
A general impression is that with
powerful weapons of great precision
greater loss of life and greater pain
are caused. The view is almost cer
tainly Inaccurate. The modern bul
let, says the Scotsman, unless it is of
the soft-nnsed type, is on the whole
merciful, and either kills outright or
gives its victim a fair chance of re
covery. It does not. as a rule, muti
late.
The ambulance corps was practical
ly unknown 60 years ago, and not
only Is aid brought more rapidly to
the wounded, but it is far more ef
fective than in the pre-Llster days.
Rapidity of conveyance has Increased
beyond all comparison. In the pres
ent war it is true to say that in many
cases men have been lying in a Brit
ish hospital within 24 hours of re
ceiving their wounds. If the risk of
being hit is greater, the chances of
recovery from injury have been im
mensely Increased.
I>r. Tierce’s Pleasant Pellets regulate
and invigorate stomach, liver and bowels.
Bugnr-coated, tiny granules. Easy to take
u candy. Adv.
War Snatches.
Blmeon Ford, the humorist of New
York, said the other day:
“We are a nation of humorists.
We extract humor even out of war.
As I walked down Broadway the other
morning I overheard scraps of talk
like these:
" 'The missionaries have been look
ing for heathens In the wrong coun
tries.'
‘“What’s the matter with the late
Rudyard Kipling resurrecting himself
and giving us a new war Bong?'
•“Carnegie’s peace palace? The
kaiser has turned it Into a fort.’ ’’
PYB OWN l)Itl HOIST WIM. TETX YOI7
Marino Bye Itemedy for Hod, VVoak, Watery
« and Granulated Byellds; No Smarting—
. Rye Comfort. Write for Book of the Bye
mail Free. Murine Bye Keumdy Co.. Chicago.
Not Due to Ignorance.
Doctor Briggs received a note from
a farmer living back quite a ways in
the country, requesting him to como
•a quickly as possible to see his child
who was very sick with "a very bad
cold.”
The doctor examined the child and
then turned to the mother.
"Don't you know,” he asked, "that
your little girl is coming down with
the measles?”
"Yes, doctor,” wuh the woman's re
ply. "I knew sha was.”
■'Then why in the world,” asked (he
doctor, "did you write me that she had ,
a very bad cold?”
The woman hesitated for a moment, I
then, looking at her husband, said,
with sullen frankness:
"Neither him nor me knew how to
*pell ‘measles.’ ’’—National Monthly.
Resonant Turn-Turns.
Little Madge had been listening to
her mother reading from the paper,
All was silent for some little time,
and then Madge burst out laughing
very suddenly.
"Why, dearie,” said the mother,
-what is It?”
“I was thinking of what you jusl
read about the wild people in Africa, I
mother,” replied the child.
"But there was nothing amusing
about that, dear.”
"Why, yes there was, mother,” said
Madge, "about their beating on their
tum-tums till they could be heard for
■miles.”—Everybody’s Magazine.
Lay something by for a rainy day,
and Just as soon as the clouds begin \
to gather some fellow will come
along and borrow It.—New York
Times.
Many a woman’s imagination makes
her an invalid.
y~" .1 ~y
Tone Up!
Not Drugs—
Food Does It |
—wholesome, appetizing
food that puts life and
vigor into one, but doesn’t
clog the system.
Such a food is
Grape-Nuts
The entire nutrition of
> wheat and barley, in
cluding the vital mineral
salts—phosphate of pot
ash, etc.—
Long baked, easily
| digested, ready to eat; an
ideal food with cream or
milk, and fine in many
combinations.
“There’s a Reason”
for
; Grape-Nuts
—sold by Grocers.
> - - . . ........ ........... - - . . .... :
j GREAT VOLUME OF LEGISLATION
j COMPLETED B Y LONGES T CONGRESS
*-------_---* 3
Washington (Special)—The first
regular session of the Sixty-third con
gress which began December 1. 1913. is
about to be concluded. Begun as an
uninterrupted continuation of the spec
ial session called by President Wilson
a month after his inauguration, It Is
the longest sitting of congress in the
history of the nation.
The work, Including that of the spec
ial session for tariff reform end Income
tax provisions, represents the legisla
tive achievement of the first democratic
congress since March 4, 1897. The chief
enactmonts Include the new currency
law. anti-trust legislation, repeal of
the toll exemption provision for Amer
ican coastwise ships In the Panama
canal, and the provision to build a gov
ernment railroad In Alaska.
The congiess was remarkable for the (
fact that In loss than two years It had
to deal with conditions arising from
two foreign wars—tho revolution in ,
Mexico and the European conflict—and
was on tho verge of facing a war be
tween the United States and Mexico.
Both of these situations demanded ,
emergency legislation, some of which
may have far reaching effect upon the
future course of the nation in its .
foreign affairs.
As a rule the utmost co-operation be
tween democratic leaders In congress .
and President Wilson marked the ses
sion, although one notable break oc
curred in the party over repeal of the '
tolls provision of tho Panama canal act, 1
This led to an alignment which placed <
tho president and some of the party *
leaders on opposite sides. Among those
who took issue with tho chief ex- .
ocutive being Speaker Clark und Ma- ,
Jorlty Leader Underwood. Speaker
Clark’s defense of his opposition to
repeal furnished one of the most j
spectacular climaxes In tho history of
the House.
Five Personal Appeals. ,
The president appeared before Joint
sessions of the House and Senate on <
five occasions. Ho delivered his general i
legislative messago December 2. Sub
sequent messages were on anti-trust
legislation, the Mexican situation,
pleading for continuation of “watch
ful waiting,” tho tolls repeal bill and
the necessity for a war revenue bill.
Most Important of the laws enacted
by congress since December 1, 1913 £
were:
Federal reserve act creating 12 re- c
glunal reserve banks, and federal re- ,
serve board of control and reforming j
the currency system.
Federal trade commission act, crea
ting a commission of five members and
absorbing the bureau of corporations to 5
Investigate organization, conduct and (
practices of Industrial corporations; In- j
quire Into unfair competition and al- j,
loged violation of anti-trust acts; to t
aid the department of Justice anil the (
courts In the prosecution of business (
offenders; to make public Information f
deemed to be of public Interest re- t
lating to Industrial conditions and to „
recommend remedial business leglsla- r
tlon. j
Tho Clayton anti-trust act, which
provides for guilt of Individuals con
nected with corporations convicted of '
violating tho anti-trust laws, limits
Interlocking directorates, prohibits j
holding companies which will lessen t
competition, prevents exclusive nnd ty- J
lng contracts, liberalizes laws relating ®
to Injunction and contempt and ex- B
empts from prosecution under anti- ,
trust laws agricultural, horticultural, ,
fraternal and labor organizations. ‘J
Act repealing provisions of the Pan- r
ama Canal law exempting from pay
ment of tolls American vessels engaged J
In coastwise shipping of the United
States.
n
Alaska Railroad Project. r
Tho Alaska railroad law providing t
for government construction and oper- j
atton of 1,000 miles of railroad, with -
telegraph and telephone lines, from the
lower Pacific coast to Interior waters c
and mineral region of Alaska at a cost 7
not to exceed $35,000,000. r
Laws placing on a war footing the ,
volunteer militia and naval militia of {
tho states, subjecting them In time of 1
war to the call of the signal corps of £
the army.
Law regulating cotton future sales on ‘
stock exchange, providing a tax of 2 B
cents a pound on sales for future deltv- J:
ery unless actually delivered under J1
conditions and grades established by 1
the department of agriculture.
Overshadowing much other important r
legislation were emergency measures B
demanded by the extraordinary condl- 1
tions precipitated by the war in Eu- s.
rope. Such legislation, enacted or about J
to become law, Included the following *
measures:
War reveni e law imposing special In- ®
ternal revenue taxes to aggregate ap- *
proximate annual revenue of $108,000,000
to offset estimated treasury deficit due 1
to loss of customs receipts during the B
European war. 1
Amendment to panama eanai act an- j
mltting to American registry foreign :
built ships of American ownership to '
engage in overseas and South American 1
trade. Emergency currency act, per- ®
mltting banks of national currency as- •
socintlons to issue circulating notes up 1
to 125 per cent of their unimpaired ®
capital and surplus nnd making avail- ‘
able to hanks of the country more than ‘
$1,000,000,000 of emergency currency. ®
Law creating in the treasury depart- J
ment a bureau of war risk Insurance, 1
appropriating $5,000,000 to Insure ships 1
of American registry against hazards |
of the European war.
Resolutions appropriating $2,750,000 1
for protection and transportation of *
American citizens stranded In Euro
pean war zones nnd authorizing the [
American Red Cross society to charter 1
a ship of foreign register and fly the 1
American flag.
Appropriation of $1,000,000 for extra !
expense of diplomatic and Oonsular ser
vice In taking over embassies, legations
and consular offices of warring nations
in Europe. 1
Mexican Tangle. ,
Refore these unforeseen conditions (
which demanded decisive* action to j
cope the European situation, congress ,
had on Its hands for most of the ses
sion the threatening Mexican imbro- ]
glio which came to a climax in the act .
of reprisal by the government In the \
seizure of Vera Cruz. Many times the j
situation was critical, and actual war
fine with Mexico was prevented only ,
by the course of the administration and (
toe cool heads In congress In prevent
ing untoward oratorical outbreaks and !
unwise action. Legislation growing
out of the Mexican controversy was
limited to the following:
Resolution expressing congress' Jus
tification of employment by the presi
dent of armed forces of the United
States to enforce demands for affronts
and Indignities against this nation and
disclaiming any hostility to the Mex- ,
lean people or any purpose to make
war on Mexico.
Appropriation of $500,000 for trans
portation and care of Interned Mex
ican soldiers and military refugees nnd
$500,000 for relief and transportation
to the United States of American cit
izens In Mexico.
Other 'egislation placed upor. the
statute books Included scorea of local
! Improvement laws, many measure* re
lating to land entries, and the follow
ing:
General appropriations for govern
ment expenses aggregating approxi
mately $1,200,000,000.
Appropriation of $20,000,000 for rlveri
ind harbors Improvements at discre
don of war department, passed as sub
stitute for $52,000,000 specific appro
priation bill after prolonged filibuster
Raw granting public water supply
:o city of San Francisco from Hetchy
valley In Yosemtte National park.
Act prohibiting Importation of opiurr
'xcept for medicinal purposes undei
rreasury regulation and placing pro
libitlon tax of $300 a pound on opium
nanufactured In the United States fo:
imoklng purposes.
Act authorizing payment of money
irders at any money order office In
■ountry although drawn on specified
iffice.
Appropriation of $800,000 for treat
nerit and eradication of hog cholera
ind dourine.
Raw limiting labor of women in the
district of Columbia to 8 hours a day.
Agricultural extension act providi
ng for co-operation between depart
nent of agriculture and state ngrlcul
ural colleges in diffusion of lnforma
lon relating to agriculture and home
eonomlcs and providing for an ulti
nato annual appropriation of nearly
5,000,000.
An act raising the American dlsplo
natic agencies In Argentine and Chile
rorn legations to embassies.
A provision for election of United
States Senators under laws governing
lection of members of House of Rep
esentatives In states where legisla
ures had not passed special election
iws.
Act providing agricultural entry of
ihosphate. nitrate, potush and other
nlneral lands.
Act providing Income tax of 1 per
ent of the gross annual income of
allroad corporations In Alaska.
Raw establishing United States
oast guard and consolidating the
evenue cutter and life saving serv
tes with Increases In salary for em
iloyes.
Act reorganizing diplomatic and
onsular service of the country.
Act providing for government leas
ag of coal lands in Alaska and to pre
ent monopolization of natural re
ources of the territory.
Resolution creating commission to
onstder the subject of national aid for
ocatlonal education to report not
iter than June 1 next.
l-oreign Halations.
Foreign relations of the United
dates absorbed much attention of the
ongress irrespective of the wars in
lexlco and Europe and formed the
asls for discussion by the president
n his annual message and in fre
uent conferences with members of
he foreign relations committee. This
ommlttee lost Its chairman early In
ho session through the suddon death
f Senator Augustus O. Bacon, of
leorgia. Senator William J. Stone, of
Ilssourl, was chosen to succeed him
s head of this important committee,
fhlch was busy throughout the ses
lon with the consideration of treaties
nd other foreign affairs. General ar
ltration treaties with 12 foreign na
ons, upon recommendation of this
ommlttee, were ratified by the Sen
te, as follows:
Great Britain, Japan, Italy, Spain,
rorway, Sweden, Portugal, Switzer
tnd, Paraguay, Austria-Hungary, the
letherlands and Salvador.
Eater In the session, and In the
lidst of the European conflict, the
enate, upon recommendation of the
3telgn relations committee, ratified
ew treaties providing for peace corn
tlsslons of Investigation in lntoma
onal disputes not settled by ordinary
lplomacy with 23 foreign nations as
)llows:
Norway, the Netherlands, Portugal,
witzerland, Denmark, Italy, Salvador,
ruatemnla, Honduras, Nicaragua, Bo
vla, Persia, Costa Rica, Venezuela,
ionduras, Argentina, Brazil, Chile,
eru, Paraguay, Great Britain, France
nd Spain. Simllur treaties nego
iated and urged for ratification, but
eld up in the Senate for further con
Ideration are with China, Panama and
an Domingo. A similar treaty has
een negotiated with Russia to be sent
3 the Senate later.
Much time was given by the com
littee for hearings and consideration
f a treaty with Nicaragua, to acquire
he Nicaraguan canal route and naval
tation rights in the Bay of Fonseca,
or $3,000,000; and the treaty with
lolumbia, to pay that country $25,000,
00 compensation for the Panama canal
trip. Action on both treaties was de
srred until next sess.on.
Investigations by congress were less
han has been undertaken in recent
essions. The special lobby investigat
ig committee of the Senate, however,
ontlnucd Its existence and probed in
> alleged lobbying in connection with
he passage of the Panama canal act,
nd the subsequent repeal of the tolls
xemption provision. The committee
as not yet made a final report. The
louse lobby committee reported a res
lution of censure for Representative
IcDermott, of Illinois, who resigned
is office. Investigation by the Inter
tate Commerce commission into the
Inanclal operation of the New York,
lew Haven & Hartford Railroad com
any and the Chicago, Rock Island &
’aeiflc railway was instituted by rcso
atlons of congress. Investigations also
I'ere conducted, by Senate and House
ommlttees Into the West Virginia coal
trike, the Michigan copper strike, and
he Colorado coal strike. Inquiries,
aading to impeachment proceedings
vhich eventually were dropped, were
onducted by the House judiciary com
alttee Into the affairs of Judge Daniel
’hew Wright, of the supreme court of
he District of Columbia, and Emory
Spear, United States circuit judge
or the southern district of Georgia.
Notwithstanding Its achievements the
ongress left much important work un
tnlshed. Much of this legislation will
io taken up for consideration in the
vlnter session, though It will be lm
losslble, In the opinion of admlnlstra
lon leaders, to consider all of it before
djournment. March 4. next. Some of
he subjects uncompleted are the fol
owlng:
Government purchase of merchant
•essels, advanced ns part of the war
mergeney program, but postponed by
igroement with the president, until
lext session.
Revision of Immigration laws, Includ
tig an Illiteracy test, passed by the
House and approved by the Senate
■ommlttees, but never pressed In Sen
Go.
Regulation of development of water
lower In navigable streams.
Bill providing for leasing of mines
tnd other natural resources on public
lomain.
Bill providing eventual independence
’or the Philippines, which passed the
House, but was deferred until next ses
sion by the Senate.
Bill to provide rural credits legisla
tion. by establishment of a system ol
[arm mortgage banks.
Equal Suffrage.
Resolution providing for aubmisaion
of constitutional amendment granting ;
suffrage to women, passed In House,
defeated in Senate, and reintroduced.
Bill to p/rovlde for submission of con- !
stitutlonal amendment for national pro- '
i hlbition.
National dirert primaries for nomin- j
ation of presidential candidate.
Regulation of railroad stocks and ,
bonds by the Interstate Commerce com
mission undertaken as part of anti
trust program but deferred.
Measure for regulation of stock ex
change and boards of trade undertaken
and reported by the Senate committee
on banking and currency.
Bill for greater safety at sea and
amelioration of condition of sailors,
passed by both houses, considered in
conference and recommitted to Senate
committee on commerce.
Measure for limitation of campaign !
contributions. j
Constitutional amendment limiting !
service of a president of United States
to a single term.
National aid to building of good
roads, bills for which were reported
this session.
Reorganization of the civil service.
Measure providing for government
licensing of cotton ware houses, which
passed the Senate but was held upon
the House, and other measures con
templated for relief of cotton situation
In the south.
Interesting features of the session
were controversies In the Senate over
several of the pres’ldent’s appointments.
The nomination of H. M. Pindell, of
Peoria, to be ambassador to Russia led
to a prolonged inquiry by the Senate ■
committee on foreign relations. The
nomination was once withdrawn. Mr. i
Pindell was latter renamed and was
ordered confirmed by the Senate, fol
lowing which Mr. Pindell asked the
president to withdraw his name. The
nomination of Thomas D. Jones, of Chi- ■
cago, director of the International Har- 1
vester company as a member of the
federal reserve board, precipitated a
struggle in the Senate committee on
banking and currency. In the midst of
the fight Mr. Jones requested the pres
ident to withdraw his name. The
nomination of Paul M. Warburg of New
York, as member of the federal reserve
board, also stirred up a controversy,
Mr. Warburg once refusing to appear
before the banking and currency com
mittee. He eventually yielded and his
appointment was confirmed by the Sen
ate. i
Two senators, William O. Bradley, of
Kentucky, (republican) and Aug
ust O. Bacon, of Georgia, (democrat),
died during the session. Three deaths
occurred in the House membership—
Representatives Irving S. Pepper, of
Iowa; Robert G. Bremner, of New Jer
sey and William Richardson, of Ala- ,
bama, all democrats.
--
t UHLANS INVITE DEATH ♦
♦ 4
♦ Work of Cavalry Is to Draw 4
4 Enemy’s Fire—Cannot Hope 4
♦ to Defend Themselves, But +
4 Aim Only to Locate Oppos- 4
4 inq Armies. -f
l‘UlltlHIIUIHMMHi>l
Rotterdam—Of the Gorman uhlans,
of whom much has been heard In the
European war, Luigi Barzinl, a wide- ,
ly known Italian war correspondent,
says In the Corriere Della Sera:
“As we neared a small station and
the train lessened Its speed we saw a
small troop of cavalry guarding the
railroad crossing—a patrol of uhlans.
Their demeanor was calm. Although
they were in the enemy’s country, their
care free attitude gave the impres
sion that they were merely In a man
euver camp.
"The swarms of cavalry the Germans
send out ahead of their advance are
to be found everywhere—on any high
way, on any path. It is their business
to see as much as possible. They show
themselves everywhere and they ride
until they are fired upon, keeping this
up until they have found the enemy.
Theirs is the task of riding into death.
The entire front of the enemy Is es
tablished by them and many of them
are killed—that is a certainty they face.
Now and then, however, one of them
manages to escape to bring the Infor
mation himself.
“The fire with which the uhlans are
received permits of a fair estimate of
the strength of the enemy, for they
know that usually all the soldiers shot
as soon ns the cavalry of the enemy
shows itself.
“At every bush, every heap of earth, '
the uhlan must say to himself: ‘Here I
will meet an enemy In hiding.' He
knows that he cannot defend himself
against a fire that may open on him
from all sides. Everywhere, there Is
danger for the uhlan—hidden danger. j
"Nevertheless, he keeps on riding, !
calmly and undisturbed, In keeping j
with German discipline.''
In contact work, as the task de- !
scribed by Barzinl, the uhlan rides In
small bodies until he has drawn the
fire of the enemy. Instead of retreat- !
Ing, as lie may do In ordinary recon- j
naisance work, he endeavors to trace
the front of the enemy, riding parallel
to It—usually until the last man Is shot
down. The contact action ha's, mean
while, been closely observed from the
German front and the advance and at
tack of the Infantry Is governed by the
information gained at the expense of
the uhlan, for whom there is no hope
as soon as he Is detailed for this duty,
but who, from all accounts, does not
seem to mind this part of his work.
Blasphemous Not Acrimonious.
“Do I understand you to say,” asked
the judge, “that his remarks were
acrimonious?"
“No, Judge, your honor. I didn't say
that I said he just swore at me. I
ain't a-gotn’ to claim that ho done
what he didn't do.’
There are engaged In positions of
vnring Importance In the German post
office department no fewer than 16G.000 i
women.
Before the War.
Peace conventions, cabinet meetings,
Nota's. contra's, feverish heat,
Mobilization, dreadnought fleeting.
Ultimatums, drumsticks beat;
Princes’ speeches, courage giving,
Heaven-requested bliss and speed.
Hurrah shouts from soldiers living.
Victory—sure through valiant deed.
In the War.
Weary marching, hasty camping.
Sentry duty, hunger, thirst,
Scanty rations, ardor damping.
Prompt obeying always first;
Cannon roaring, bullets flying,
Shrapnel raining, musket click.
Taking forts, 'mid comrades llylng
Groaning, bleeding, fast and thlck.
After the War,
Million debt, the land neglected.
Ruined commerce, empty shops.
Counties lost, which greed selected.
Enemy's greed, which never stops;
Countless thousands fallen, crippled.
Wounded, countless thousands more.
All the country mourning—rippled.
Widows, orphans, thousands more.
—Contributor.
t WHY THE DUKES ARE +
♦ SELLING THEIR LANDS +
Editorial in the Baltimore Sun.
With the duke of Marlborough auc
tioning off his own lands—a live duke
crying the farmers’ bids; with huge
blocks of London real eBtate changing
hands and portions of many estates on
the market, the radical changes con
servatives preclicted as a result of
Lloyd-Georgie's policies are actually
taking place. With land taxed at its
real value, many of the dukes and gen
try find it unprofitable to maintain
their holdings. They are “land poor,”
and there is no question that many
large estates will be divided or reduced.
Lloyd-George struck a severe blow
at the whole system of “landed gen
try.” by which the great mass of Eng
lish farmers have been held as tenants.
As long as landlords refused to sell. It
was impossible for the independent
farmer to get a foothold. Breaking up
of large estates into small holdings
means that the British farmer will en
joy an independence he has never be
fore possessed, and millions of acres
FVa*.»WGre as f-ranie preserves or
left fallow or in forest will be brought
under cultivation.
The liberal chancellor began by
proving that the large landholders
were not bearing anything like their
share of the burden of taxation. Vast
tracts were on the tax books at the
same valuation that had prevailed
hundreds of years ago. Revaluation of
land, putting It on the tax books at its
true value, was the first step. That
was a mere act of Justice; but, as
Lloyd-George saw, the results would
be far-reaching. If fully taxed, the
soil must l>e put to use. The hue and
cry against his vast schemes of poor
relief, insurance against illness and un
employment. provision for the aged
poor, better housing of working people,
proceeded from the belief, now a cer
tainty, that they would be paid for
largely by the wealthy who had not
been taxed in proportion to their
means.
His ambitious schemes for the wel
fare of the working classes entailed an
expense that shocked the more con
servative members of his own party.
Facing a deficit of $25,000,000 in the
budget the chancellor found even that
Insufficient and doubled the amount.
“Where is the money coming from?”
his critics demanded. Lloyd-George’s
smiling reply was, “No poor man’s
cupboard shall be the barer by reason
of my proposals.” In addition to the
larger revenues from taxation of land
at its value, the tax on incomes was
largely increased. Compared with the
British income tax. that of the United
States is extremely light. On $1,000
Income the Englishman pays $7.50. On
$3,500 the American pays but $5; in
England it would be $118. The tax on
$500,000 In England is $62,500. as
against $25,020 here. But it must be
remembered that a very much larger
proportion of Englishmen live off their
Incomes and pay practically no tariff
tax.
•ir the -Uoyd-George program meant
nothing moro than increasing taxation.
It could not be Justified. But John
Burns, head of the British board of
trade, estimates that within the last
Bight years 600,000 lives have been
saved by the Improvement in housing
tnd health conditions and Infant wel
fare. Pauperism, the great bane of
England, which baffled the conserva
tives. has been dealt with, the number
Bf pauper charges in England and
R ales decreased by 178,000. The Bru
sh workingman no longer fears he will
Become a public charge if he falls sick
Br loses his Job. The aged poor no ;
longer have the fear of the alms-house i
continually before them. There is in
surance against sickness, against un
Bmployment and against old age.
Thousands of hovels and noisom*
tenements have been tom down to givB
place to decent homes. And with all
this has come a new spirit of inde- I
pendence and democracy.
With dukes selling off sections of
their estates to yeomen and the house !
3f lords stripped of its power even
Macaulay, who, in his review of Hal
am’s history, predicted sweeping
changes in British government and
ife. would have been amazed at the
changes that are taking place.
Busy Days at the State Department.
'A Neutral Nation's Activities," by Hal
lam Winter, in National Magazine.
Day after day the little ribbons of red
white and blue attached to the corre
spondence flutter about the desks in the
lepartment over which William Jennings
Bryan presides. Into the room of the sec
*etary file the newspaper correspondents
ind in 10 mlnuteB the world-survey is
made, the columns of news are written
ind telegraphed all over the country. The
secretary, sitting on the corner of his
lesk, discusses the situation in San Do
mingo as encouraging ^replies to the in
terrogations about Mexico. Japan, the far
ind the near east, answering now- and
then, "I am not prepared to dismiss that
proposition." It is all so informal, so
simple, so democratic—Just what one
would conceive in a republic now holding
:he stakes, while world stakes are being
played for with the grim dice of "the iron
lame."
The scenes have shifted from Mexico to
:ha old world, but whether It is Informa
ion from Nicaragua or the latest ndvices
From Japan, the routine of the work at
:he state department concerns vitally
more different countries than at any other
time in the history of the government.
The acute spots marked on the map blaze
pver the world as never before at one
time. As if foreign complications were
pot enough, the state department is also
sngrossed with the task of rescuing and
Hiding Uncle Sam's citizens stranded
ibroad. Over 30,000 letters were received
n two weeks from Americans, asking
Hbout relatives and friends on pleasure
tours In the suddenly war ridden coun
tries. Over 5.000 persons were located, and
many American residents who had not
taken om citizenship papers were drafted
nto service and appealed to Uncle Sam
For release. Thirty extra clerks were em
ployed. and the work continued night and
lay.
In the Cradle of Polo,
From Outing.
Tho antiquity of polo Is much moro
lefinitely established than Is the region
if Its origin. As far back as the Sixth
of polo from the frontier of India—
from which country It reached the
western world by way of England—
jives no Indication as to which of the
rival claimants is the legitimate one.
Indian cricket, tennis and golf are in
different, but Indian polo, taken by and
large. Is the best in the W’orld. Between
native and British players, in fact. It Is
not Improbable that a dozen polo teams
could be put in the field In that coun
try which would stand an excellent
chance of carrying off the honors in a
round robin with an equal number of
fours picked from England and Ameri
ca, If not all the rest of the world.
Koeniqsberq.
From the London Chronicle.
Should the Russians occupy Koenigs
herg a heavy blow will have been dealt
tit Prussian pride. For here it was that
In 1701 Frederick I crowned himself first
king of Prussia and William I In 1861.
The great grain exporting city has grown
up in modern times, but it had Its foun
dations laid in the Thirteenth century by
the Knights of the Teutonic Order, who
built themselves a blockhouse, and after
ward a castle. The dukes of Prussia
loved the city and held royal state in a
palace that has long since disappeared.
Koerdgsberg might be described as the
Louvain of Fast Prussia. Its scientific
Institutions are many, and Its university
contains, u Louvain's did. 200,000 volumes
Pan! Fuller.
Paul Fuller, President Wilson’»
personal envoy t® Mexico, returned
from that troubled country last week
and made a secret report to th#
president. While he would not talk
for publication, it is understood that
his sympathies are with Villa rather
than with Carranza.
Dogs In the Manger.
The president has been notified that 11
he insists on the passage of the govern
ment owned merchant marine bill, con
gress will not be able to adjourn before
the November elections. This means that
the ship subsidies are improving their
stranglehold on a democratic congress
and that it will take a long fight to shake
them off.
This being the situation, why a surren
der rather than a fight?
It is now two months since the war
tied up so much shipping on which the
foreign trade of the United States de
pends. It Is two months since new and
most promising routes for trade began to
open for this country, without any ship
ping to take them up. What has private
capital done in this time to seize so great
an opportunity? How many ships has it
bought or started to buy and transfer to
the American flag? How many ships has
it contracted to have built?
The answer is that it has done nothing.
It is buying no ships. It Is building no
ships. Aside from the action of one or
two large concerns in transferring their
ships from the British to the American
flag, which has not Increased our ocean
transportation facilities by a single ton,
this private capital has done nothing to
overcome the great emergency or meet the
great opportunity. It is content with pre
venting the government from doing any
thing, lest old subsidy lose the advantage
of this emergency and opportunity.
Crowding forward the government
owned marine bill will at least serve to
drive these dogs out of the manger. It
may even serve to set them at work after
being driven out.
Trouble With Our City Governments
The basic difficulty, as I conceive it, 1*
that we made the mistake of fashioning
the forms of our city government upon
the governments of the nation and the
states; and that, having thus set up a
system of administrative machinery whol
ly unsuited to its purposes, we proceeded,
logically perhaps, to run our cities not
with reference to their own needs of busi
ness interests, but upon the issues of na
tional politics. The fact that the adminis
tration of a city has nothing whatever to
do with divisions of opinion upon lines of
national policy has but reoently occurred
to us, and is still strange doctrine in many
parts of the land. Thus—to cite an In
stance that sums up the system lself—the
question of the choice of a city commis
sioner of street cleaning, whose sole duty
it would be to clean the streets efficiently
and to help protect the public health,
would be determined according to view*
held by the voters upon the tariff, or the
currency, or the proper method of regu
lating the trusts; and the eocalled "com
missioner,” when so appointed, might be
depended upon to turn both contracts and
subordinate appointments over to those
who had made him r*>lltlcally possible.
When we consider such a situation re
flectively, It seems difficult to conceive of
anything more ridiculous. And still, the
American people, who pride themselves
upon their keenness in business and trade,
have for generations tolerated a system or
handling the purely business interests of
their communities that sets aside the first
principles of business, and has rolled up
an appalling bill of waste in every part of
the land.
A Question of Degree.
"Gertie," said a mother to her D-year
old daughter, “here's a dime; run down
to the drug store and set me a bottle
of sweet oil.”
Gertie started down the street, but •
soon came running back to ask: “About
how sweet do you want it, mamma0"
A bottle of wine left in Philadelphia
when the British evacuated that city
during the revolution has been given
to a local society and will be drunk In
1992 when the society will celebrate Its
centennial and the wine will be 214
years old.
Switzerland shares with Scotland the
distinction of being the best educated
country in the world.
DR. S. M. WELLS, Specialist
In rheumatism, neu
ralgia, dropsy, paraly
sis, catarrh or
and stomach, bo* >1*
ind bladder; liver cou
itiputioq, heart, piles.
, ulcers, rectal troubles,
n i? a list ones. gravel,
? "treated successfully
without the knife),
Hystero-epilensy, mol
anchotia and incom
patibilities of men and
A women, blood and all
chronic diseases. Con
saltation and exami
nation strictly confi
gsfj&s denttai. Dr. Wells is
d«sssk'i> >•<."' « sellable, experienced
an<* educated. Offices)
a505 lowa bldg.. Cor
ner Fifth and l-;erce sta.. Bioux City, La
