Nebraska Newspapers

    Ms
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CLBVELANDTOTHE CONGRESS
OP THE UNITED STATES.
HIE UVinil POLICY UPHELD,
Unitor Oily Briefly All a dell to and
• Xpeelal Hnia^i 1‘roml.ed ae noon
aa Mtnlater Willi, tlaa Carried Out
Hie Olkclal Instructional
Patrick K«aa Denounced and III* Acte
to Harboring Chilian Offender. Krpu
dlated—The Wllaon Tariff Ulll
■aeauded for 1’a.aago*
WAffniirQToy, Dec. 4.—The following
!• the president's message:
Message to the congress of tho United
Btates: The constitutional duty which re
quires the president from time to limn to Uva
to the congress Information of the state of llio
union and recommend to their consideration
Mch measures ns ho shall Judre noccssary and
expedient Is fittingly ontered upon by com
■sending to the congress n careful examination
oftho detailed statements and well supported
to commendation <« contained in the reports of
Um heads of departments who aro chiefly
charged with tho executive work of the gov*
•rumen t. In an effort to abridge
ibis communication as much us is
consistent with its purpose, I shall
supplement a brief reference to the contents
mi these departmental reports by tho men
tion of such executive bust ness and Incidents
Mare not mentionjd thoroin, and by such
recommendations os appear to bo at this par
ticular Ume appropriate. While our foreign
relations hi id not at all times during the past
year been entirely free from porplexltv no
•mbsrrasaing situation remains that will not
grleid to the spirit of fairness and love of jus
tice which, joined with consistent tlrmnoss,
•haractorixo a truly American foreign policy.
My predecessor haviug accepted tho odlce of
•rbftrator of the long standing missions boun
dary disputes tendered by tho president of the
A r non tine Republic and Brazil, it has been my
agreeable duty to rocolvo the special envoys
cominlHNioned by those stales to lay before mo
evidence mad ar nmenti in bonalf of their ro
■po. tfve governments. The outbreak of dem
ocratic hostilities in tho ropublio of Brazil
found the Untied States steamships alert to
watch the interests of our c.tizcn* in that
eountry, with which we carry on an important
commerce several vessels of our new navy
are now and for roiuo time have been stationed
at Uio de Janeiro. The struggle betn,* be
tween the established government, which
controls the raaohlnory of odmiulstrutlon,
ana with which we maintain friendly rela
tions, and certain officers of the navy omp.oy
In* the vesselu of their oomm md in an attack
•pon the n it tonal capital and chl’f seaport,
and lacking, as it doo». the elements of di
vided administration, I h ive failed to see that
the insurgents oaa reasonably claim recount
tlon am belli.wants Thus far tho pjsitlon of
aur ovemaent has been that of an attentive
jbttt an impartial observer of tho unfortunate
•on flier. In pausin'our fixed policy of neu
trality in ancu a condition of affairs as now
Mist. I deem it necessary to disavow in
• manner not to be misunderstood, tho un
Author .mod action of our lute naval comm inder
jto those waters in salutii
a- saluting the revolutionist
BraniUrn* admiral, boinr Indlspoied to coun
ted anoe an set calculated to give gratuitous
••notion to the local insurrectionists. Tho con
vention between our government and Chill
moving for its object the sottlemont and nd
, Juatimmt of the demands of the two ‘countries
against eaoh other has l>eon m ide effective by
the orgmaliation of tho claim i commission
provided tor. The two governments failln ' to
•wree upon a third member of the commission
the good oMoes or the president of the Swiss
TOepubita were invoked, as provided in the
treaty, and the selection of thu Swiss represen
tative In this country to uompleto the or ani
mation wan ^ratifying al ke to tho United
States and Cm3i ami tho voxatious questions
m the an called ie rat ton asylum for offenders
•tuinnt the wtate and its laws was presented
•new in Chili by tho unauthorized action of
the into United States minister in receiving
hi* official residence two persons who
and jOst failed in au attempt nt ri'vosutlon and
against whom criminal charges were pending
qrnainv out of a former abortive disturbance.
The doctrine of asylum as applied to this
•aso is not sanctioned by tuo best precedents
and when allowed tends to etu o r ago sedition
and strife. Under no circumstance* cun the
representatives of this government bo por
■alttod under the 111 deMned flct on of o<tra
territorial to Interrupt tho administration of
criminal justice in the countrlosfo waioh they
ore accredited. A temperate demand h ivinV
seen m ale by the Chilian government for the
correction of this conduct in the instance men
tioned the minister was instructed no longer
to harbor the offenders
The Ie {ielation of last yoar km»wn as the
Geary law roquirln: the reglstratso i of all
Chinese laborers entitled to residence In the
tJaitmt States and tho deport uion of nil
■«t'•wplyia* with the provisions of the act
within the time prescribed, met with much
apposition from Chinamen it this country
Acting upon the advice of eminent counsel
•Mat the law was unconstitutional, the great
{nan* o* Caracas laborers ponding judicial
iftnaulry » to Its va idity. In good faith de
clined to apply for the certitteates required by
tta provisions. A test oa*o uoon proceeding
iwy habeas oorpus was brou.nt bprore the
Bupremo court, and on May U*. l*H°a decision
iWts made by that tribunal sustaining the law.
h ta believed that under the recont umeml
gnent. of the act extending the time for regis
tration. the Cfcluose laborers thereto entitled,
who desire to reside in this country will now
avail themselves of the renewed privilege thus
afforded of establishing by lawful procedure
•help right to remain and th it thereby the
necessity of enforced doportation may bo to a
great de roe avoided.
Costa Iiioa has lately testified Its frindlt
w by surrendering to the United States in
> absence of a convention of extradition but
_ m duly submitted evidence of criminally a
awttkl fugitive from justice It Is trusted
Chat the ne etiatlon of a treaty with that
eountry to meet recurring cases of ihis kind
will sons be accomplished In niv opinion
trentiee tor reciprocal extradition should bo
concluded with all those countries vrlta which
• the United States has not already conven
tional arrangements of that ». haructer. I h.ivo
jfeemed it fitting to express to the govern*
■neats of Costa Rica and i olombia tho kindly
Active of the United States to bee
Che pending boundary dispute tinallv closed
jtnr arbitration in con.ormity with the spirit of
tan treaty concluded between thorn some voars
*** questions affect! n? our relations with
Gnat tfrltaia have boon treated m a spirit of
!v/ * flrtamAlineeo. Negotiations are in progress be
tween Un tw governments with a view to
quell concurrent action as \^ll make the award
•ad refutation * agreed upon by the Behring
*e* tribunal of arbitration practically effective
•ad It is not doubted that Great Britain will
co-operate freely with this country tor the ac
coapiiahment of that purpose The disputes
•*’/. frowiay out or tho discrimination ot tolls
fmpiacd la the Welland canal uion cargoes
of cereal* bound to and from the
lake ports of the United States, was at justed
> f to the subst itution of a more equ table sched
ule of charges and my predecessor the re “mm
■npeudod hU proclamation imposing di cr m
ifaatinx tolls upon British transit through
«our ranala. A request for ndditont to ihe
MaC of extraditable offenses covered by tho
axis tin; tre tty between tho two countries is
■>wmrtrr consideration
r*;1' - J>urin r Il« pan year an American citizen
^ axnptoyod in u sulor linate comm or
.%*•' 1 otal position in .Havti. after suffer
*1 In* a protracted imprisonment on
on unfounded charge of anmfdinq,
wu Anally liberated on judicial exam n vtion.
■i (Jpon urgent representation to the Haytiaa
" government, a suitable indemnity was pa d to
p' the sufferer
Upon roeeivin; authentic information of tho
ftrin ? upon on American m di ste im r touch
ing at tho port of Amuoalsa, because her
oaptaia refu-Nod to daiverup u passenger from
Nicaragua to Guatemala, upon dem ind or tho
%'■■■ military aut orit cs of Honduras our m ulster
. So that country under instructions protested
TiiY •rami tho wanton a t and dem tided satis
met km. Tbegovernm *nt of Honduras, act u
•ted by a sene of ju-tice, and in a spir.t ol
the utmost frland^bip. prompty dU ivowe 1
•be 111 conduct of its offl ers and expressed
•inccra regret for ‘the occurrence
■\ It hi c mfidently anticipated that a *sati«f ic
: ,,.1,.qarf’ •,dju3tnafmt will ‘s >• n lie r3 tebOd of the
J V - queUion orisinr o it of the seizure and use o!
American vessels by insur e its in Honduras
an-bibe ®ulrwtqaeni<'d'e«i4i h/the hu'icessfuI
ip■•overamont of commercial priviie c» to those
' #•*»©*«on that account. , ,, * : ‘ v • •
■ .JUmnc<?».bM rocemty joscod tttouafc two
■ 4 :?4:444
revolution*, tlio pirlv at first successful half
Ifig fia turn been displaced by another Our
newly appointed minister by hts timely good
office* aided in » peaceful adjustment ot the
bontrovorsv Involved In the tlrst conflict The
Urine American Interests ostab isbed in that
country in connection with the Nicaragua
canal were not molested
*tthe Capa* company ha* unfortunately bo
como llnuncially seriously embarrassed, but a
frenerous treatment has been extended to it bv
the government of Nicara #a Tbft United
Staton aro especially interested in thosuccess
ful achievement of the vast undertaking this
company has in charge. Tlfltt It should bo ac
complished under dist nctlvely American
auspices and Its enjoyment not only assured
to the vessels of this country as a channel of
communication between qur Atlantic and Pa*
cldc seaboards but to thq ships, of the world
In the Interests of civilisation is a proposition
which in my judgment docs not admit of
question
RELATIONS WITH TURKEY.
Important Matters Demand Attention
With the Ottoman Empire.
Important mnttors have demanded attention
in our relations with the Ottoman porto. The
firin' and partial destruction by an unre
strained mob of one of the school building* of
Anatolia college, established by citizens of the
United States at Marsovati and the apparent
indilTercneo of the Turkish government to the
outrage, notwitnstandin r the complicity of
some of the officials, called for earnest remon
strance, which wus followed by promises of
reparation and punishment of the offenders.
Indemnity for the injury to the buildings has
already been paid, permission to rebuild given,
registration of the school property In the name
of the American owners socurod and efficient
protection yuuranteea
Information received of maltro itments suf
fered by an inoffensive American woman en
gn/ort in missionary work in Turkish Kour
diutnn was followed by such representation*
to the porto ns resulted in tho issuance
of orders for the punishment of her assail
ants, tho removal of a delinquent official and
tho adoption of measures for tho protection of
our citizens encased in mission and other law
ful work in that quarter.
Turkey complains that her Armenian sub
ject* obtain citizenship in this country not to
identify themselves in good faith with our
people, but with the intention of returning to
the land of their birth uni there engaging In
sedition. This complaint Is not wholly
without foundation. A Journal published
in this country in tho Armenian lun*nage
openly counsels its readers to nrm.organize
mid participate In movements for tho subver
sion of Turkish authority in the Asiatic prov
inces. Tho Ottoman government has an
nounc’d its Intention to repel from its domin
ion Armenians who havo obtained naturaliza
tion in tho Unitod States since 1868 The
right to exeludo any or all classes of aliens is
an attribute of sovereignity. It is n right as
serted and to a limited extent enforced by tho
Unitod States with tho sanction of our highest
courts. There being no naturalization treaty
between tho United States and Turkey, our
minister at Constantinople has been instructed
that while recognizing the right of that govern
ment to enforce its declared policy ugainst
mi tu rail zed Americans, he is expected to pro
test irom unnecessary hurshnoss of treatment
HAWAIIAN POLICY.
Xho Gresham Letter Upheld and a Spe
cial Message Promised.
It Is lmrdly necessary for m3 to stats that
tho questions arising from our relations with
Hawaii have cnusod sorloui embarrassment
Just prior to tho installation of the present
administration the existing government of
Hawntl had been suddenly overthrown, and a
treaty of annexation had been negotiated be
tween tho provisional government of the
islands and tlje United Statos and submitted
to tho senate for ratification. This treaty I
withdrew for examination and dispatched
James A. Blount of Georgia to Honolulu as a
special commissioner to make an impartial in
vestigation of tho circumstances attending the
chunvo In government under all the conditions
bearing upon tho subject of the treaty After
a thorough and exhaustive examination Mr.
Blount submitted to mo his report showing
beyond all question that the constitu
tional government of Hawaii had been
subverted with tho active aid of
our representative to that government and
through tho Intimidation caused by tho pres
ence of an urmod naval force of the Unitod
.Matos which was landed for that purpose at
the instance of our minister. Upon tho facts
developed It seemed to mo the only honorable
course for our government to pursue was to
undo the wrong t hat hod been done by those
representing us and to restore us furusprno.
livable the status oxistlng at tho timo of our
forcible intervention With a view of accom
plishing this result within the constitutional
limit of executive po.tor, and recognizing all
our obligations and responsibilities, growing
out of any chan.-o of conditions
brought about by our unjustifiable interfer
ence, our present minister to Honolulu has re
ceived appropriate instructions to that end
Tnus far no lmormution of tho accomplish
ment o- any definite results has been received
from him Additional advices are soon ex
pected. When received they will promptly be
sont 10 congrcs* together with all other in
formation ut hand, accompanied by a special
oxocutivo mossago fully detailing all the facts
necessary to a complete understand^ • of the
COSO and presenting a history of all material
evonts loading up to too prosent situation.
By a concurrent resolution, passed by the
senate February W, isjo and bv the house of
representatives on the 3d of April, following,
tho prosident was requested to Invite from
time to time, ns fit occasions may arise, nego
tiations with uny government with which the
Unitod States has. t r may have dlplomatio
relations, to the end that any differences or
disputes arislnr betwoen tho two govern
ments which cannot be adjusted bv diplomatic
agency muy be referred to arbitration und
be peace ibly adjusted by such means. April
18, 1MK), the International American conference
of Washington, by resolution, expressed
the wish that nil controversies between
tho republics of Amorloa and the nations of
Kurope might bo settled by arbitration and
recommended that tne government of each
nation be represented tn that conference and
should communio to this wish to all fr.endly
powers. A favorable response has been
rocetvod from Great Britain in the
shape of a resolution adopted by parlia
ment July Id last cordially symyuthizing with
tho purposo In view aud oxpro sin; the hopes
that her majesties wovornmenl will lend ready
co operation to tho government of the United
States upon tho busts of the current resolution
above quotad.
It affords mo si mat pletsure to lay this par
liamentary resolution before the congress and
to express my sincere gratification that the
sentiment of two . reat an i kindred hationa is
thus authoritatively manifested in favor of
tho rational and peaceable settlement of inter
national quarrels by honorable resort to arbi
tration.
TKEASt'KY DEPARTMENT.
Receipts and Expenditures of the Gov
ernment — Decrease tn In
ternal He ven ue.
The secrotary of the treasury reports that
the rccoipts of the government from all sources
durtui the fiscal year ended June 20, isuj,
amounted to fsCl.TI0.58101 and Us expendi
tures to <139,371,67129. Thore was collected
from customs t£>l,fiia0l&.73 and from Internal
revenuo >161,021.003 81 Our dutiable Imports
amounted to (121.856,711, an Increase of 8,2.451.
007 over the preceding year, and importations
fros of duty amounting to fill,111,211, a de
crease from the preceding year of *13 455,417
Internal revenue receipts e ceedod those of
the preceding year by 87.147,445.32.
The total tax collected on distilled spirits
was 884.731,33153, on manufactured tobacco
131,3^9,711.74 and on fermented liquors 832.518 -
083 07. We exported merchandise during the
year amounting to 6817,01), 191, a decrease of
«its,012,954 from the preceding year. The
amount of gold oxpo. ted was larger than In
any previous year in the history of the govern
ment. amountin; to 8108,685,814, and exceeding
: tho amount exported during the preceding
! year by 858,485.517 The sum paid from the
| treasury for sugar bounty was <9.373.13188 »n
; increase ovor the preceding year of <3,033,
i »■« -0>. .
jt Is estimated upon the basis of prosont
! revenuo laws tnat ths receipts of the govern
j Blent lor the year ondiug June 30. 1851, will be
I CI O, 121 ,:rt. 6 and its expenditure) $433,121.
I 565. 8. resultln r In a deficiency of 423.000,0 ,0 on
the first dav of November, 18j3 The amount
1 of money of all kinds in circulation or not in
; eluded in treasury holdings was 81.713,341.032.
an increase fo -the year of *111,401,917. Ksti
uiatiu : our i>opulat ion at <17.420.050 at the timo
mentioned the .i>cr capita circulation was
<2 ,.49. On the sumo date there was in tho
treasury cold bullion umounitng to 490.6)7.275,
2 and si.ver bullion which was purchased at a
cost o! M2.V5-J 1.353 ,
i '1 he pur. haso of'Stiver under tho law of
■ July 11 189) durin < too last fiscal year, aggre
gated r>t,uo8,ni2.,» fine ounces which cost
$.5,051,374 33 The total amount of silver pur
chased from tile time that law became oi»era
t*ve ualll the repeal of iis purchasing clause
on I ho first day of November, 1-93, was 168.
6. 4.595.46 fine ouncs ■ hich east *155,930.M i.81
Uatwocn the lira;. dav of March 1875 and the
first dav of November, 1891. the covoramenl
purcha-ed under all laws 5a3.053.717 tine
ounce. of silver ut s cost of 8516.624,048 The
silver dgllwf thujtavs been pound nader U>t
T ' - p.irsc' S; ^ . . . . . '
ss.-M. . .1
net of July II. t*91 numbered 3d.037.3m. The
sol1 nior.i;c arising from »uch coinage *u
.1(17.Ml,819, leu via < on baud In the mint* HO,
•».i,7«o line ounce* of allver which cost (430,
758.218
Our total coinage of all metal* durine the
last n-mul year consisted OMU7 2 0 875 ploces
valued at 34(.033.178.81. of which there was 830,
018,110 in cold coin, 88.343,715 in silver, 87.217,
220 99 In subsidiary silver coin und 11.080.103 90
In minor coins Durlitc the calender year 1892.
the production of precious metals in the United
States was estimated to be 1.7.,9*75 line ounces
of cold o.l the commercial and coinage value of
SJ.ouo.u ii and r>8 ii.h>.u.iO line ounces of sliver of
the bullion und mirket value of 860,790,002 and
of the colonic value of 871,089,920
It Is estimated that on the first day of Julv.
189:1, the metallic utock of money in the United
States, consisting of coin und bullion umounted
to 81.218,659 109. of wh ch ;697,697,885 wa3 cold
und 81116.801.482 was silvor.
One hun I red and nineteen national banks
were orzunlzed during tho year endin' Octo
ber 81, 18HI, with a eapltai of 8ll.2<0.n0i: 48
went Into voluntary liquid itlon und 153 sus
pended 85 of the suspended banks Were In
solvent: 86 resumed business nud 7 remain in
tho hands of bank examiners with prospects of
speedy resumption
Of tho new hanks organized forty-four wore
located In the Eastern states, forty-one west
of the Mississippi river und thirty-four In the
Central und southern states The total num
ber of nut Innltl b inks In existence on the lilst
day of October, I8ad was 11.790 li tying an aggro
iratecapticl of 8694.553,120. The net Increase
In the circulation of those banks durln t the
year was KM,870.972. Tho resent repeal of the
provision of law requiring tho purchase of
silver bullion by the government us a feature
of our monitary scheme has made an entire
change In the complexion of our currency
affairs. I do not doubt that the ultimate-result
of this action will be most salutary aad far
reaching.
In the nature of things, however. It Is lmpos
Bible to knew at this lime precisely what con
ditions will be brought about by the change,
or what, if any. supplementary legislation
may, in tho li/ht of such conditions, appear to
be essential or expedient Of course, after
the recent financial perturbation, time is nec
essary for the re-establishment of business
confidence. When, however, through this re
stored confidence, tho money which has been
frightened into hoarding places is returned to
trade and onterpriho. a survey of the situation
will probably disclose a safe path lead ill# to
a P®fmon®utl.v* sound currency abundantly
sufficient to moat overy requirement of our
increasing population and business. In the
pursuit of this object we should resolutely
turn away from alluring and temporary ex
pedients, determined to be contented with
nothing loss than a las’ing and comprehensive
financial plan. In these circumstances I am
convinced that a reasonable delay in dealing
with the subject instead of beinr injurious
will increase the probability of wise action
" lie monetary conference which assembled
at Brussels upon our invitation was adjourned
to the LOth day of November in the present
year.
1 no considerations Just stated and the fact
that a definite proposition from us seemed to
be expected upon the reassembling of the
conference, led me to express a willingness to
have tlio meeting still further postponed. It
scorns to me that it would be wise to (five
poneral authority to the president lo invite
other nations to such a conference at any
time when thore should bv a fair prospect of
accomplishing an international agreement on
the subjoct of coinage.
I desire also to earnestly suggest the wisdom
of amending the extstiri; statutes in regard
to the Issuance of government bonds.
The authority now vested in the secretary of
the treasury to issuo bonds is not as clear os
it should bo und the bonds authorized are
disadvantageous to tho government both as to
the time of their maturity and rate of interest.
The superintendent of Immi.’ration, through
the secretary of the treasury, reports that
during tho Inst fiscal year there arrived at our
ports 440 79J Immigrants Of these I,VOX were
not permitted to land under the limitations of
tho law and B77 were returned to the countries
from which they camo by roa->on of their hav
ing become public charges, file total arrivals
were 141,034 less than for the previous year.
The secretary in his report gives an acoount
of the operation of the marine hospital ser
vico and of the good work done under Its su
pervision, in preventing the entrance and
spread of contagious diseases Tho admoni
tions of tho last two years touching our pub
lic health and the demonstrated dancer of tbe
introduction of contnglous diseases from for
eign ports, has invested the subject of na
tional quarantine wltn increased interest
A more general and harmonious system than
now exists, acting promptly und directly
everywhere, and constantly operating by pre-'
ventive means to shield our country from the
Invasion of disease and at the same time hav
ing due regard to the rights and duties of local
agencies, wou d. I believe, add greatly to the
safely of our people
WAR DKI'AUTIIEN’T.
Uncle Pam's Army {lumbers 25,778 En
listed Men and 3,144 ORlcers.
The secretary of war reports that the
strength of tho army on tho 30th day of Sep
tember last was 25.778 onllsted men and 2141
officer*. The total expenditures of the de
partment for the year ending; Juno 30, 18M,
amounted to $51,980,074 $9, of this sum «1,993,
5JU.85 was for salaries and contingent expenses,
$33,377,838 3i f r the support of tho military
establishments, $6,077,031.18 for miscellaineous
objects and $30,518,031.41 for public work. This
latter sum includes *l5,39:!,87d40 for river and
harbor improvements and $J.306.141 20 for for
tifications and other works of defense
The totui enrollment of the militia of the
several stales was. on tho 31st of October of
the current year, 113.597 officers and enlisted
men. Tho officers of tho army detailed for the
inspection and instruction of this reserve of
our military force report that Increased inter
est and marked progress aro apnarent in the
discipline and efflcienuv of the organizations
Neither Indian outbreaks nor domestic vio
lence have called the army Into servico during
the year nnd the only active military duty re
quired of it has boon in the department of
Texas, whore violation of the neutrality laws
of the United States and Mexico were prompt
ly nnd efficiently dealt with by the troops,
ellc ting the warm approval of tho civil and
military authorities of both countries
The question of wise laws und tho Influences
of civilization constantly tenjin > to relieve
the country from the dan /ers of Indian hostil
ities to :ether with the Increasing ability of
tho states, throu h the efficiency of tho na
tional guard organizations to protect their cit
izens from domestic violence, lead to tho sug
gestion that the time Is fast approachin ; when
there should be a reorganization of our army
on ilia lines nf the present necessities of the
country This change contemplates neither
increase in number nor added expen-e, but a
redistribution of the force and nn encourage
ment of measures tending to greator efficiency
among the men and Improvement of tho ser
vice
• Alter mucn preliminary work ana examina
tion in accordance witty the requirements of
the law tho board appointed to select a maga
zine rifle of modern type with orders to replace
the obsolete Springfield rifle ot the infantry
service, completed its labors during tho last .
year and the work of manufacture r is now in
Frozress at the national armory at Springfield
t Is confidently expected that by tho end of
the current year our infantry will be supplied
with a weapon equal to that of the most pro
gressive nrmies of the world.
Tho work of the pro ected Chlokamaupa and
Chattanoo a national,military park has been
prosecuted with zeal and jud ment and its
opening will be celebrated djrtng the coming
year. Over nine square miles of the
Chickamanga battle field have been acquired,
twenty miles or roadway hove been con
structed and permanent tablets have be3a
placed at many historical points, while the
invitation to the states to mark the position
of their troops participating In tho battle has
been very generally accepted. The work of
locating and preserving the lines of battle at
the Gettysburg battle field is making satis
factory progress on the plans directed by the
last congress. __
DEPARTMENT OP JUSTICE.
The Abolition or the Fee System km
• (Jolted States Coarts Recommended.
Theroportof the attorney general contains
the usual summary of the affairs and proceed
ings of the department of justice for the past
year, together with certain recommendations
as to needed legislation on vnrious subjects
I cannot too heartily Indorse the proposition
that the fee system as applicable to the com
pensation of United States attorneys, mar
shcls, clerks of federal courts and United
States commissioners should be abolished
with as little dolay as possible. It is clearly
in the interest of the community that tho
business of the courts, bot* civil and criminal,
shall he as ill and as inexpensively con
ducted as the ends orjusitce will allow.
In my first mossa4e to con ross d ited De
cember t*, l835,lstron ly re09mmendedihe.se
change- and referred somewnat at length to !
the evils of tho present system. Since that !
time the erimiaul business of tho federal i
courts und the expense attending it, have
enormously increased The num mr of crimi- :
nai prosecutions pending in the circuit and
district courts of the Unitod states on the
first day of July, 1885, was 8,808, of which 1,884
were for violations of the internal revenue
laws, while the number of sach prosecutions
penom,' on the first dav 01 July. 1893. j
was 9,500. in which 4 2J0 were for violations of 1
the Internal revenue laws. The expense of
tho United States courts, exclusive of judges*
salaries for t »e year endlnj July 1. 1885, was
•*,874,733-11 ami for the Tear ending July,
1893, 14.838'75 8?. It Is therefore apparent
that the reasons given In 1>8j torn ebunge In
the manner of enforcing the federal criminal
law have trained cogency and strength by
lapse of time.
FOSTOFF1CK DEPARTMENT.
The Discrepancy Between Reoelpts and
Expenditures Much Commented Upon,
The report of the postmaster-general con
tains a detailed statement of the operations of
the postoffleo department during the last fls
cal year, and much interesting Information
touching this important branch of the public
servicci The business of the malls Indicate
with absolute certainty the condition of the
business of the country, and depression in
financial affairs inevitably and qulealy reduces
the postal revenues Therefore a larger dis
crepancy tbun usual between the postodlue re
ceipts and expenditures is the expected and
unavoidable result of tne distressing string
ency which has prevailed throughout the
country during much of the time covered by
the postmaster-general s report
MfAt a date when better times were antici
pate it was estimated by his predecessor that
the deficiency on the doth day of June 1891
would bo but little over *1,S03,UOO. It amounted,
however, to more than l> 003,UJ>. At the same
time and under the influence of like anticipa
tion estimates were made for the current fls
cal year ending June 3U. mat, which oxlbltod a
surplus of revenue over expenditures of *872,
21s 71: but now in view of tho uctnal receipts
and expenditures durln / that part of tho cur
rent flseal year already expired the present
post master general estimates that at Its close
Instead of a surplus there will bo a doflciency
of nearly J8,0(IJ,0l)3.
The postoffleo receipts for the last fiscal
year amounted to $75,8.x),9.13, 111 and its expend
itures to 881,971,11)1 no This postoffleo de
ficiency would disappear or be Immensely de
creased if less matter was carried free through
tho niHlls, an item of which is upward of 3l)o
tons of seeds and grain from tho agricultural
departments. The total number of postoffices
In the United States on the. 30ta day of Juno
1891 was 68,403, an increase of 1.284 over the
preceding year. Of those 3.300 were presiden
tial, an increase in that elass of 204 over the
preceding year
The railway mail service not only adds to
the promptness of mail delivery at all offloes,
but it is the especitl instrumentality which
puts tho smaller and way p aces in the service
on an equality in that regard with tho larger
and terminal offices.
This branch of the postal service has there
fore received much attention from the post
master general and though it is gratifving to
know that it is in condition of high efficiency
and groat usefulness, I am lod to agree with
the postmaster general that there is room for
its further Improvement. There are now con
nected with the postoffleo establishment 28,124
employes who are in the classified service.
The head of this great department gives con
clusive evidence of the value of civil service
reform, when after an experience that renders
his Judgment on the subject absolutely relia
ble, he expresses the opinion that without the
benefit of this system it would be impossible
to conduct the vast business intrusted to him.
I desire to commend op especially worthy of
prompt attention tho suggestions of the post
master general.rolatin r to a more sensible end
business-liko organization and a bettor dis
tribution of responsibility In his department.
NAVir DEPARTMENT.
Facto and Figures Regarding: the Naval
Strength of the Country.
The report of tho secretary of the navy con
tains a history of the operations of his de
partment during the pist year and exhibits a
most gratifying condition of the personnel of
our navy. He presents a satisfactory account
of progress which has been made in the con
struction of vossels and makes a number of
recommendations which is especially invited.
During the past six months the demands for
cruising vessels have been many and urgent
There have been revolutions calling for ves
sels to protect American interests in Nicara
gua, Guatemala, Costa Rica, Honduras, Argen
tine and Brazil, while tho condition of affairs
in Honolulu has required, the constant pres
ence of one or more ships With alt these
calls upon our navy it became necessary in or
der to make up a sufficient licet, to patrol the
Behring set under tne modus vivendl agreed
upon with Great Britain to detail to that ser
vice one vessel from the iish commission
and three from the revenue murine
Progress in tho constr iction of new vessels
has not been-as rapid as was anticipated.
'1 hero have been delays in the completion of
unarmed vessels, but for tho most part they
have been such as was constantly occurring in
countries having tho lariest experience in
naval ship building. The most serious delays,
however, havo been in the work upon armored
ships. Tho trouble has been the faiiuro of
contractors to deliver armor ns agreed. The
difflcnltins seem now.however to have been all
overcome and armor is being delivered with
satisfactory promptness.
The folloivin? vessels of tho new navy have
been completed and are now roady for service:
The double turroted coast defense monitor
Miantonomah. the double turreted coast de
fense monitor Monterey, the armed cruiser
Ne* York, the protected cruisers Baltimore,
Chicago, Philadelphia, Newark, San Fran
cisco. Charleston, Atlanta and Boston, the
cruiser Detroit, the gun boats Yorktown, Con
cord, Bennington. Maehias. <Jastir.o and
Petrel, the dispatch vessel Dolphin, the prac
tice vessel Bancroft and the dynamito gun
boat Vesuvius. Of these the Bancroft. Maehias,
Detroit and Castiae havo been placed in com
mission during the current year
The followinvessels are in process of con
struction : The second c ass b at ile ships Maine
and Texas, the cruisers Montgomery and Mar
blehead and tne coast defense Monitor, 't error,
Puritan, Amphrtte and Monadnock. all of
which will bo completed within one year.
The harbor defense ram Kntahdin and the
protected cruisers Columoia, Minneapolis,
Olympia, Cincinnati and Kmei h, all of which
will bo completed prior to July. 1. ls»5, tho first
class battle ships Iowa Indiuna. Massachu
setts and Oregon, which wilt be completed Feb
ruary 1. 183d hud the armored cruiser Brook
lyn. whioh will be completed by Autust or that
year. It is also expected that the three gun
boats authorized by the last congress will be
completed in less than two years
Since 1886 con resshasat each session au^
thorized the building of of one or more vessels
and the secretary of the navv presents an
earnest plea for the continuance of this plan
He recommends the authorization of at least
ono battleship and six torpedo boats While
I am distinctly in favor of consistently pur
suing the policy we havo oi buildinr up a ttior
ou.h and efficient navy, I cannot reirain from
the su 'gestiou that congress should carefully
take Into uccount the number of unfinished
vessels on our hands and tho denleted condi
tion of our treasury, in considering the pro
priety of an appropriation ut this time to be
gin now work.
The method of employing meohanlcal labor
at the navy yards through boards of labor,
and makln r efficiency the solo tost by whioh
laborers arc employed and! continued, is pro
ducing tho l est results, and the seo.-etarv is
earnestly devoting himself to its develop
ment. Attention is invited to the statements
of his report in regard to working of the ay*
INTERIOK UlSeAKTMK.VT.
Pension Fraud* Vigorously Denounced
amt tbe Admln:*tratlon'e
„ Policy Upheld
The secretary of the interior has the super
vision of so many important subjects that his
report is of special value ana interest. On
the thirtieth day of June. 189J, there were on
the pension rolls 96i.ai£ names, an. increase of
89,911 over the number on the rolls June 3J,
189i Ot these there weco seventeen widows
ana daughters of revolutionary soldiers, thirty
survives of the war of 181..', f>, 4-J > widows or
soldiers ot tnat war. 21,518 survivors
and widows of the Mexican war, 3.8a;
survivors and widows ol Indian wars,
984 army nurses uni 47.>,s45 sur
vivors and widows and children of deceased
soldiers and saiors of the war of the rebellion.
The latter number represents those pensioned
on account of disabilities or death resulting
from army or n ivy service Tho number of
persons remalninf on the rolls Juno 30, 189:1
who were pensioned under the act of June 27,
189o, which allows pensions on account of
death and disability not chargeuble to army
service, was 409,135
The number added to the trolls durinr the
year was 121,034 and the number dropped was
33,693 The arst payments on pensions al*
lowed during the.year amounted to >33.750,
649.98. This Includes arrears or the accum
u atlon between the time from which the
allowance of pension dates and the time of
actually granting the ceulftcates nlthou ;h tho
law of 189J permits pensions for disability not
related to military service yet as a requisite
to its benefits odisability must exist incapaci
tating applicants “.rom tho performance of
manual labor to such a decree us to render
them unable to earn a support "
Execution of this law in its early stages does
not scorn to have been in accord with its true
intention but toward the close of the lust ad
ministration an authoritative construction was
given to tho statute and since that time this
construction his been followed This bid the
effect of limiting tho operation of the law to
its intended purposes.
Tho discovery having been made that many
names had been put upon tho pen-on roil by
means of wholesale and gigantic frauds the
commissioner suspended pay meats upon a num
ber or pensions which seemed to be fraudulent
or unauthorized ponding a complete Mamina
tlon giving notita to Sim pensioners In order
that they might have mi opportunity to
establish. If posslblo. the Justice of their
claims notwithstanding apparent Invalidity.
This, I understand, is the practice which has
lor a lone time prevailed In tho pension
bureau, but niter ontbring upon these recent
investigations the commfss oner modified this
rule so as not to allow until after a complete
examination interference with the payment of
a pension apparently hot allogclher'void but
which merely had been fixed at a rate higher
than th it authorized by law. I am unable to
understand why frauds In tho pension rolls
should not be exposed and corrected with
thoroughness and vigor. Every name fraudu
lently put upon the-o rolls Is a wicked Im
position upon the kindly sontiment in which
pensions have their origin. Every
fraudulent pensioner has become a bad citizen
very false with support of a pension has been
fieriuy more common ana false and undeserv
ng pensioners rob the people not only of their
monoy. but of the patriotic sentiment which
the survivors of a war fought for the preserv
ation of the union ought to inspire Thous
ands of neighborhoods hive their well known
fraudulent pensioners and recent develop
ments by the bureau establish appallin ' con
spircles to establish pension fraud. By ho
means the least wrong done is to brave and
deserving pensioners, who surely ought not to
be condemned to such associations.
Those who attempt in tho line of duty to rec
tify these wrings should not bu itocuiod of
enmity or Indifference to the claims of honest
veterans.
The sum expendod on account of pensions
for the yo ir ending June 30. tail, was $150,740,
40714. The commissioner estimates that
»I6T|.OOO.OJO will be required to pay pensions
duringthe year ending June 31, 1391.
Tho vast area of land which bit a short time
n o constituted the public domain is rapidly
falling Into private hands. It is certain that
In the transfer the beneflclent intention of the
government to supply from its domain homes
to the industrious und worthy home-seeker is
often frustrated Thou h the speculator,
who stands with extortionate purpose between
the land office and those who, with their fam
ilies are invited by the government to settle
on tho public lands, is a despicanio character
who ought not to bo tolerated, yet it is diffi
cult to thwart his schemes. The recent
opening to settlement of the lands In the
Cherokee outlet embracing an area of
0,500.000 acres, notwithstanding the utmost
care in framing the regulations governing tho
selection of locations and notwithstanding
tho presence of United States troops furn
ished an exhibition, though, perhaps. In a
moditiod degree of tho mad scramblo, the
violence and tho fraudulent occupation which
have accompanied previous openings of public
land. I concur with tho secretary in tho belief
that these outrageous incidents cannot be en
tirely prevented without a chan e in tho
laws on the subject, and I hope his recom
mendations in that direction will be favorably
considered.
• AGRICULTURAL DEPARTHEXT.
Secretary Rusk's Economic Ideas Strong
ly Commended.
The report of the secretary of agriculture
will bo found exceedingly interesting, espe
cially to that large part of our citizens inti
mately concerned in agricultural occupations.
On the ninth day of March, 1893, there were
upon its pay rolls 2.43:) employes This num
ber has been reduced to 1,850 persons. In
view of a depleted public treasury and
the imporitive demand of the peo
pie for economy in tne administration of
their government the secretary has entered
upon the task of rat on illy reducing expendi
ture* by tae elimin iting from the oay rolls of
all persons not needed for an efbeunt conduct
of tne affairs of the department During the
first quarter of tho present year the expenses
of the department aggregated $145,87(5.70 as
against $iu.',oli42 for the corresponding per
iod of the fiscal year enclin : Juno 3d, 189.1 Tho
secretary makes apparent his intention to
continue this rate of reduction by submitting
estimates for the next fisca1 year less by *994,
280 than those for the present year.
The amount appropriated for the bureau of
animal industry lor the current fiscal year is
*850,0W, the estimate lor the ensuing year is
The regulations of 1892 concerning Texas
fever have been enforced during the last year,
and tho large stock yards of the country have
been kept free from infection. Occasional
local outbreaks have bean largely such as
could have been effectually guarded against
by the owner* of the affected cattle
While contagious pieuro pneumonia in cat
tle has been eradicated, animal tuberculosis, a
disease widespread and more dangerous to
human life than pieuro pneumonia, is still
prevalent. Investigations have been
made during the past year as to
the means of its communication
and the method of its correct datnosi*.
Much progress lias been maae in. this direction
by the studies of this division of animal path
ology, but ou :ht to be extended in co opera
tion with local authorities, until the danger to
human life arising from this cause is reduced
to a minimum. The number of animals arriv
ing from Cunada during the yearand inspected
by bureau officers was 42.092 and the number
from transatlantic countries was 1,297. No
contagious diseases were fo .nd among the im
ported animals The total number of inspec
tions of cattle for export during tno past fiscal
year was 611,542
The exports show a tilling off ot about 25
per cent irom the preceding year, tne decrease
occurrin; entirely in tae last half ot the year.
This sugrests tnat tho failin' off may have
been largely due to an increase in the price of
American export cattle. Durin : the year end
ing Juno HO. 1891, exports of inspected pork
aggregated 20,077.410 pounds as against 38,152.
874 pounds for the precedin year Tne falling
off in this export was not lOntlm d however to
inspec ed pork, the total quantity exported
for 1892 being 0G> 493,01(5 pounds, while in 1894
it was only i.27. pounds.
I join the secretary in rocommendin r that
hereafter each applicant lor tho position of
Inspector or assist int inspector in the bureau*
of animal industries bo required as a condi
tion precedent to his appointment to exhibit
to the United States civil servi.o commission,
his diplomi from an established rentlar and
reputable veterinary college and that this be
supplemented by such an examination in
veterinary science us the commission may
prescribe
The exports of agricultural product* from
the United States for tho liscal year ending
June 3), 1892, attained the enormous Prune of
ahiKOJO.OlK) in round numbers being 78.7
Per cent of our total exports
In tho last'fiscal yea*, this aggregate was
greatly reduced, but nevertheless reached
*C15,t00,00J. being 75.1 per cent of all American
commodities exported. A review of our agri
cultural exports with special reference to.
their destination will show that in almost
every line the United Kingdom of Groat BrLi
aie and Ireland absorbs by far the largest pro
portion. Of cattle the total exports aggre
gated in value foi*the fiscal year ending June
HO. 18.H. fS'i.UJj. #uo. or which Great Britain took
considerably over $2>,0.)3 ojO Of beef products
of all kinds our total exports were 23,Oji>,ouiA
Or products the total exports were $S0«0&>,&>i>
of which Great Britain took £51,003.000. la
breadstuffs, cotton and mi or products like
proportions sent to. tho same destination are
-<^ru „ rhe Work of th0 »titistical division
of the department of agriculture deals with
nil that relates to- the economic of farming,
xhe main pnrpose or its monthly reports are
to keep the farmers- informed as fully as pos
sible of all matters hivin' any influence upon
the world's markets in which th :se products
found sale. Its publications rel aeo- specially
to the commercial side of farmm^
J’h0 appropriated
IhOdO. to bo taken from the pattern office fund
for the purpose of eollecBin / and distributing
rare and improved varieties of seeds and for
prosecuting agricultural investigation and
procuring agricultural statistics From tills
small beginning the seed division of the de
partment of a rieulture has crown to its
present unwieldy and unjustifiably extrava
gant proportions. During the last fiscal year
the cost of seeds purchased wus #<W,ol8,fll the
remainder of an appropriation of $135.0)j was
expended inputting them up and distributing
juraly never could have entered the
TJinda Qt tboao who first sanctioned appropri
ations of public money for the purchase of
:5n?, improved varieties of seeds for‘
distribution that from this would
'wappropriations for the purchase
and cfcstribution by memners of congress of
ornmiry seeds. bulbs, cuttiigs which are com
mon in all the st ites and territories and every
where easily obtain ible at low prices. In each
state and territory an agricultural experi
ment station has been established. These sta
tions by th ir very cnaractor and mmo are the
proper agencies to experiment with and test
new varieties of seeds and yet this indiscrim
inate and wasteful distribution by legislation
and le-islators continues, answering no pur
poso unless it be to remind constituents that
their representatives are willin to remember
tb^m with ratuties at public cost
Under tho sanction of existing legislation
there was sent out from the agricultural de
partment durm r the last fiscal year enough of
©abba o seed to plant 19 2Ju acres of land, a
auffijicnt quantity of beans to plant 4,00)
acres, beet seed enourh to plant .\50) acres,
s weet con enough to plant 7.8)0 acres, suffl
cient cucumber seed to cover 2. c» acres with
vines and enough muskmelon an I watermelon
seeds to plant 2.0<5 acres The totabquantitv
of Howoran 1 ve etible seeds thus distributed
W*J con t uneo in more than 9,001,00) pack a es
In view of these facts this enormous oxpen
rotur“ °i *»««
■r:
C1VU. teffiTTCB
Stnmg Ground. T.k.n for ,
Execution.
i.Th® T?^,n,U8a ®*ocu*lon of th« ei.n
law and the increasing aimrowi k rtT 1
f Its operation are moot ^ people
of 1U operation :
cent extension of its limltatY™ ■1 Tl»e r.
ttons to the emp-oye. o ^ “»4 «*£
offices which has been bonestw **t.
accomplished bv th. „ ”‘.y *™ Prom„,,„
-men nas noen honestly *x>st
aocomplUhed by the commissi" pr>Uy
hearty corporation of the po«m??, wlUl the
Is an immensely Important a™ ®!* !?.'11''11
fulness of the system r __ .. ® tn the use
fumess of the system. I am. lr „«? use
than eyer convinced of theincalJSrUK b * m°r«
conferred by the civil servioe^i^1 b °*)'n,llt»
Its effect upon the public service ba?»i 0”l!, **
Is even more important in lt(
Iny the tone of political life general.,*'"'’11'
The course of civil . lly
The course of civil seVrtc. y
country illustrates how atron„ a hem®,B thl>
ment sains uoon our JL. . 4a Qove
ment gains upon our people wMehi?1 Qove
lying it a sentiment of justice line1*11? under
whlch at the same time promises4 »"'t
ministration of their governnW be„ ter M>
embodying this reform foundlt.1—^6 '**
statute book more from fear of nlay t0 °’ir
sentiment existing in Its favor°Ltbe. P°pui.,r
oyp ,t0S the tetorm itself on the fr°M »»v
legislatures and It has iiLjUrl of
grown and flourished in *1
the covert as well „ 8plte ol
lty of spoilsmen and notwuh S 1108111
querulous impracticability of ">»
stltutod guardians. Beneitn an, h» fl( ««•
and sublimated theories which *>,.« ^ Vatar:es
It there Underlies tt” reform a .^1“^
mnn spnq« nHnninio .IUi a sturdy. vc
.. .uo.p huucniw inis reform a
mon sense principle not onlT s.u !„ y.'
mundane sphere, but whoieyaSnii°a.it0
people are more and rrmm JSSPfiW*0®
ioiq.
to this
P^Pioare more’ and more 0”r
absolutely essential to the mSSfSn,lob#
operations of th^ir Dg>*ro.~,.„„1??st.-sutce'wfii!
operations of their &£5a£g>\?™»« -
perpetuity. rument. if not t0 ltj
It seem i to me to he entirely ,
with the character of this reformconsistent
wnn us oost enforecmenl. tb tfbHge'ni'J'11 M
vrnoulnn Pi* aal- W-■ . UU*IB« 106 COtfl.
clerks detailed from SnSS.SSSS?’1
There ought not to be Sm-hTcoSdibn
any deportment that clerks hired to do „ ,
there can be spared tT ‘nabUuail^
work at another place, and it does nn?b«lUally
with a sen-ible view of civil°4,rv"re “'i™'11
that persons should be employed onh„ m ®
that their labor Is necessary iS on.Vl,eor»
ment when in point of fact thei?scrvh»p“rt'
devoted to entirely different work in
department I earnestly urue that the c?«hSr
nocossary to carry cn the work’ of the commu
sion be regularly put upon its roster, .L*!".
the system of obliging thS commtsi™! ,1'
rely upon the services of clerks beloK
other departments be discontinued 8U* 10
TARIFF REVISION.
Discriminating Care Urged In Adju.tln.
Duties iu the New Tariff Uuj,
Economy la public expenditure Is a dut»
that cannot innocently be ne-looted bv thoi
flntrnatoil with tho _i u tn0s*
entrusted with the control or money drawn
from the people for public uses. It must ts
confessed that our apparently endless re
source? the fami iarity of our pooplc with im
mense accumulations of wealth the f rowing
sentiment amonp them that the expenditure
of public money should in some manner be to
their immediate and personal advantage the
indirect and almost stealthy manner in which
a large part of our taxes are ex icted and a de
generated sons© of official accountability have
led to growing extravagance in governmental
appropriations.
At this time when a depleted public treasury
confronts us, when many of our people are
enraged in a hard strurgle for the necessaries
of life, and when forced economy is pros sing
upon the great masses of our countryman I
desire to urge with all the earnestness at my
command that congressional legislation be so
limited by strict economy as to exhibit an an
preciatlon of the conduct of the treasury and
u sympathy with the straitened circumstances
of our fellow citizens. The duty of rublio
economy is also of immense importance in it9
intimate und necessary relation to the task
now in hand of providing revenue to meet
’ ovfernment expenditures and yet reducing the
people’s burden of federal taxation
After a hard struggle tarifT reform is direct
ly before us. Nothing so important claims
our attention and nothing so clearly presents
itself as both an ooportuuit/ and a dutv-aa
opportunity to deserve the gratitude of our
fellow citizens and a duty imposed upon us by
our oft repeated professions and by the em
phatic m indate of the people After full dis
cussion our countrymen have spoken in favor
of this reform and They hive confided the
work of its accomplishment to the bunds of
those who are solemnly pled ed to it.
If there is anythin : iu the thoory of a
representation in mibltc places of the people
und their desire.!. if public officers are re 1H7
servants of the peopl», and if politic !
promises and professions nave any binning
force onr failure to give tne relief so ling
awaited will be sheer recreancy. Nothing
should interfere to distr ct our uttte.itiou or
di^turt our effort until this reform is ac*
compjisheu by wise ana c.reful legislation.
While we should staunchly adhere to the
principle that only the necessity or revenue
justifies the imposition of tariff duties and
e-tner federal taxation and that thev should
be limited by strict economy, we cannot close
©ur eyes to the fact that conditions have
1 rown.up among us which in justice and hrmj
ness call for discriminating care in dstribu
tion of such duties and taxation as the
em^reoucies of our . government actually
Aemird.
*.ianaestly if we are to afd the people direct
ly through tariff reform oue of its most obvious
features should be a reduction iu present tariff
charges upon the 1 ecessuries of life. Tue
benefits of such a reduction wou‘d be pilpaula
amJsubst'Btially seen and felt bv thousands
who would be better fed and better clothed
and better sheltered These gifts should oa
the willinr benefactions of a government
whose hi hest function is the promotion of
the welfare of the peode Not loss closely
reluted to o»r people's prosperity and well
being is the removal oT restrictions upon iha
Importation of the raw materials necessary to
our manfa-tures Yne world should be open
to our national ingenuity and enterprise
This cannot be while federal legislation
through the imposition of high tariff forbids
to American manufacturers as dhean materi
als as those used fcy their competitors. It «
quite obvious that the enhancement of the
co of our manufactured products resulting
am this poJii y not oily confines the market
for*ihrse products w.thout our owu bodies to
the direct d sadvantare of our‘madufacturers
but also increases tnc.ir cost to our citizens
1 he interests of labor are certainly, though
Indirectly involved in this feature 01 our
tariff system The sharp con)IH':,‘
tion and active struggle among our
m 'nnfacturers to supply the limited demivna
for thefrgeods soon fill the narrow market to
wuicuiueyare connnea. men vr,
pension oi work m milts and factories, a
ch.irgo of employes and distress in the no®**
of our workin/men Even if the ofteni
Jtroved assertion could be made good in,)“
overrate of wages would result from rjj
raw materials and low tariff duties, the intei •
pence of our workin men leads them Q«a* *
to discover th it their stead.' emoioymeni; p
nutted by free raw materials is th9 import*
factor in their relation to tariff tegishu ■
A measure has been prepared by in. • »T
propriate congressional committee .emoc y
in: tariff reform on the lines hereint sudte•
which will be promptly submitted for i
lative action. It is the result of much P
otic and unselfish work and I bencveU '
with its subject consistently and as thorou* J
as existing conditions permit. Iautsat’ t
that the redneed tariff duties provided *
the proposed legislation, added to ex
internal revenue t xation will in to®
future, though perhaps -not immediately* »J
duce sufficient revenue to meet the net
the government ..„.n,|nn
Tne committee after full considerat
to provide against a temporary ---■ tM
which may exist before the business o ^
country ndiusts itself to the new .. tew
ule have wisely embraced in their pi** ' a
additional internal revenue tastes. rUin.
small tax upon Incomes derivod from cj
corporate investments. These new *
ments are not only absolutely just• WJJ o{ ^
borne, but they have the further mcr■ »
lng such as can be remitted without un •»
bio business disturbances whenever tn
sitv of their imposition no longer exist ■ tbls
In my great desire for the success oj ^
me »sure I cannot restrain the su -fcesi “ 0f
its success can oniy be att unea ay “ ds0f
unselfish counsel on the nart of . _p9J
tariff reform and as a re-ult of taeir w
to subordinate personal desires ana • ^
to the general good. The local in _umor.
fected by the proposed reform art • * uuoa
ous and so varied that if all at'® ,si ia
the legislation embodyinj the reform
evitably f ill. . rcspcft*
In conclusion my intense fj®*1®- 0 m-mitold
sibii I t v impels me to invoke for J”. pe0,pia
Interests ©f a generous and connanVr(le0 my
tho roost scrupulous love and to v „ ^ (or
willing support to every
the advancement of the greatness
po/ity of oar bolovod eomjtry^ ri EVKLANP
Where herd work kills one man, worry
uses up a dozen.
The man who makes a business of loo<>*
for mud generally finds it.
It b not the talleet tree that bears the
moat trait.