Ms i CLBVELANDTOTHE CONGRESS OP THE UNITED STATES. HIE UVinil POLICY UPHELD, Unitor Oily Briefly All a dell to and • Xpeelal Hnia^i 1‘roml.ed ae noon aa Mtnlater Willi, tlaa Carried Out Hie Olkclal Instructional Patrick K«aa Denounced and III* Acte to Harboring Chilian Offender. Krpu dlated—The Wllaon Tariff Ulll ■aeauded for 1’a.aago* WAffniirQToy, Dec. 4.—The following !• the president's message: Message to the congress of tho United Btates: The constitutional duty which re quires the president from time to limn to Uva to the congress Information of the state of llio union and recommend to their consideration Mch measures ns ho shall Judre noccssary and expedient Is fittingly ontered upon by com ■sending to the congress n careful examination oftho detailed statements and well supported to commendation <« contained in the reports of Um heads of departments who aro chiefly charged with tho executive work of the gov* •rumen t. In an effort to abridge ibis communication as much us is consistent with its purpose, I shall supplement a brief reference to the contents mi these departmental reports by tho men tion of such executive bust ness and Incidents Mare not mentionjd thoroin, and by such recommendations os appear to bo at this par ticular Ume appropriate. While our foreign relations hi id not at all times during the past year been entirely free from porplexltv no •mbsrrasaing situation remains that will not grleid to the spirit of fairness and love of jus tice which, joined with consistent tlrmnoss, •haractorixo a truly American foreign policy. My predecessor haviug accepted tho odlce of •rbftrator of the long standing missions boun dary disputes tendered by tho president of the A r non tine Republic and Brazil, it has been my agreeable duty to rocolvo the special envoys cominlHNioned by those stales to lay before mo evidence mad ar nmenti in bonalf of their ro ■po. tfve governments. The outbreak of dem ocratic hostilities in tho ropublio of Brazil found the Untied States steamships alert to watch the interests of our c.tizcn* in that eountry, with which we carry on an important commerce several vessels of our new navy are now and for roiuo time have been stationed at Uio de Janeiro. The struggle betn,* be tween the established government, which controls the raaohlnory of odmiulstrutlon, ana with which we maintain friendly rela tions, and certain officers of the navy omp.oy In* the vesselu of their oomm md in an attack •pon the n it tonal capital and chl’f seaport, and lacking, as it doo». the elements of di vided administration, I h ive failed to see that the insurgents oaa reasonably claim recount tlon am belli.wants Thus far tho pjsitlon of aur ovemaent has been that of an attentive jbttt an impartial observer of tho unfortunate •on flier. In pausin'our fixed policy of neu trality in ancu a condition of affairs as now Mist. I deem it necessary to disavow in • manner not to be misunderstood, tho un Author .mod action of our lute naval comm inder jto those waters in salutii a- saluting the revolutionist BraniUrn* admiral, boinr Indlspoied to coun ted anoe an set calculated to give gratuitous ••notion to the local insurrectionists. Tho con vention between our government and Chill moving for its object the sottlemont and nd , Juatimmt of the demands of the two ‘countries against eaoh other has l>eon m ide effective by the orgmaliation of tho claim i commission provided tor. The two governments failln ' to •wree upon a third member of the commission the good oMoes or the president of the Swiss TOepubita were invoked, as provided in the treaty, and the selection of thu Swiss represen tative In this country to uompleto the or ani mation wan ^ratifying al ke to tho United States and Cm3i ami tho voxatious questions m the an called ie rat ton asylum for offenders •tuinnt the wtate and its laws was presented •new in Chili by tho unauthorized action of the into United States minister in receiving hi* official residence two persons who and jOst failed in au attempt nt ri'vosutlon and against whom criminal charges were pending qrnainv out of a former abortive disturbance. The doctrine of asylum as applied to this •aso is not sanctioned by tuo best precedents and when allowed tends to etu o r ago sedition and strife. Under no circumstance* cun the representatives of this government bo por ■alttod under the 111 deMned flct on of o absence of a convention of extradition but _ m duly submitted evidence of criminally a awttkl fugitive from justice It Is trusted Chat the ne etiatlon of a treaty with that eountry to meet recurring cases of ihis kind will sons be accomplished In niv opinion trentiee tor reciprocal extradition should bo concluded with all those countries vrlta which • the United States has not already conven tional arrangements of that ». haructer. I h.ivo jfeemed it fitting to express to the govern* ■neats of Costa Rica and i olombia tho kindly Active of the United States to bee Che pending boundary dispute tinallv closed jtnr arbitration in con.ormity with the spirit of tan treaty concluded between thorn some voars *** questions affect! n? our relations with Gnat tfrltaia have boon treated m a spirit of !v/ * flrtamAlineeo. Negotiations are in progress be tween Un tw governments with a view to quell concurrent action as \^ll make the award •ad refutation * agreed upon by the Behring *e* tribunal of arbitration practically effective •ad It is not doubted that Great Britain will co-operate freely with this country tor the ac coapiiahment of that purpose The disputes •*’/. frowiay out or tho discrimination ot tolls fmpiacd la the Welland canal uion cargoes of cereal* bound to and from the lake ports of the United States, was at justed > f to the subst itution of a more equ table sched ule of charges and my predecessor the re “mm ■npeudod hU proclamation imposing di cr m ifaatinx tolls upon British transit through «our ranala. A request for ndditont to ihe MaC of extraditable offenses covered by tho axis tin; tre tty between tho two countries is ■>wmrtrr consideration r*;1' - J>urin r Il« pan year an American citizen ^ axnptoyod in u sulor linate comm or .%*•' 1 otal position in .Havti. after suffer *1 In* a protracted imprisonment on on unfounded charge of anmfdinq, wu Anally liberated on judicial exam n vtion. ■i (Jpon urgent representation to the Haytiaa " government, a suitable indemnity was pa d to p' the sufferer Upon roeeivin; authentic information of tho ftrin ? upon on American m di ste im r touch ing at tho port of Amuoalsa, because her oaptaia refu-Nod to daiverup u passenger from Nicaragua to Guatemala, upon dem ind or tho %'■■■ military aut orit cs of Honduras our m ulster . So that country under instructions protested TiiY •rami tho wanton a t and dem tided satis met km. Tbegovernm *nt of Honduras, act u •ted by a sene of ju-tice, and in a spir.t ol the utmost frland^bip. prompty dU ivowe 1 •be 111 conduct of its offl ers and expressed •inccra regret for ‘the occurrence ■\ It hi c mfidently anticipated that a *sati«f ic : ,,.1,.qarf’ •,dju3tnafmt will ‘s >• n lie r3 tebOd of the J V - queUion orisinr o it of the seizure and use o! American vessels by insur e its in Honduras an-bibe ®ulrwtqaeni<'d'e«i4i h/the hu'icessfuI ip■•overamont of commercial priviie c» to those ' #•*»©*«on that account. , ,, * : ‘ v • • ■ .JUmncl,fiia0l&.73 and from Internal revenuo >161,021.003 81 Our dutiable Imports amounted to (121.856,711, an Increase of 8,2.451. 007 over the preceding year, and importations fros of duty amounting to fill,111,211, a de crease from the preceding year of *13 455,417 Internal revenue receipts e ceedod those of the preceding year by 87.147,445.32. The total tax collected on distilled spirits was 884.731,33153, on manufactured tobacco 131,3^9,711.74 and on fermented liquors 832.518 - 083 07. We exported merchandise during the year amounting to 6817,01), 191, a decrease of «its,012,954 from the preceding year. The amount of gold oxpo. ted was larger than In any previous year in the history of the govern ment. amountin; to 8108,685,814, and exceeding : tho amount exported during the preceding ! year by 858,485.517 The sum paid from the | treasury for sugar bounty was <9.373.13188 »n ; increase ovor the preceding year of <3,033, i »■« -0>. . jt Is estimated upon the basis of prosont ! revenuo laws tnat ths receipts of the govern j Blent lor the year ondiug June 30. 1851, will be I CI O, 121 ,:rt. 6 and its expenditure) $433,121. I 565. 8. resultln r In a deficiency of 423.000,0 ,0 on the first dav of November, 18j3 The amount 1 of money of all kinds in circulation or not in ; eluded in treasury holdings was 81.713,341.032. an increase fo -the year of *111,401,917. Ksti uiatiu : our i>opulat ion at <17.420.050 at the timo mentioned the .i>cr capita circulation was <2 ,.49. On the sumo date there was in tho treasury cold bullion umounitng to 490.6)7.275, 2 and si.ver bullion which was purchased at a cost o! M2.V5-J 1.353 , i '1 he pur. haso of'Stiver under tho law of ■ July 11 189) durin < too last fiscal year, aggre gated r>t,uo8,ni2.,» fine ounces which cost $.5,051,374 33 The total amount of silver pur chased from tile time that law became oi»era t*ve ualll the repeal of iis purchasing clause on I ho first day of November, 1-93, was 168. 6. 4.595.46 fine ouncs ■ hich east *155,930.M i.81 Uatwocn the lira;. dav of March 1875 and the first dav of November, 1891. the covoramenl purcha-ed under all laws 5a3.053.717 tine ounce. of silver ut s cost of 8516.624,048 The silver dgllwf thujtavs been pound nader U>t T ' - p.irsc' S; ^ . . . . . ' ss.-M. . .1 net of July II. t*91 numbered 3d.037.3m. The sol1 nior.i;c arising from »uch coinage *u .1(17.Ml,819, leu via < on baud In the mint* HO, •».i,7«o line ounce* of allver which cost (430, 758.218 Our total coinage of all metal* durine the last n-mul year consisted OMU7 2 0 875 ploces valued at 34(.033.178.81. of which there was 830, 018,110 in cold coin, 88.343,715 in silver, 87.217, 220 99 In subsidiary silver coin und 11.080.103 90 In minor coins Durlitc the calender year 1892. the production of precious metals in the United States was estimated to be 1.7.,9*75 line ounces of cold o.l the commercial and coinage value of SJ.ouo.u ii and r>8 ii.h>.u.iO line ounces of sliver of the bullion und mirket value of 860,790,002 and of the colonic value of 871,089,920 It Is estimated that on the first day of Julv. 189:1, the metallic utock of money in the United States, consisting of coin und bullion umounted to 81.218,659 109. of wh ch ;697,697,885 wa3 cold und 81116.801.482 was silvor. One hun I red and nineteen national banks were orzunlzed during tho year endin' Octo ber 81, 18HI, with a eapltai of 8ll.2<0.n0i: 48 went Into voluntary liquid itlon und 153 sus pended 85 of the suspended banks Were In solvent: 86 resumed business nud 7 remain in tho hands of bank examiners with prospects of speedy resumption Of tho new hanks organized forty-four wore located In the Eastern states, forty-one west of the Mississippi river und thirty-four In the Central und southern states The total num ber of nut Innltl b inks In existence on the lilst day of October, I8ad was 11.790 li tying an aggro iratecapticl of 8694.553,120. The net Increase In the circulation of those banks durln t the year was KM,870.972. Tho resent repeal of the provision of law requiring tho purchase of silver bullion by the government us a feature of our monitary scheme has made an entire change In the complexion of our currency affairs. I do not doubt that the ultimate-result of this action will be most salutary aad far reaching. In the nature of things, however. It Is lmpos Bible to knew at this lime precisely what con ditions will be brought about by the change, or what, if any. supplementary legislation may, in tho li/ht of such conditions, appear to be essential or expedient Of course, after the recent financial perturbation, time is nec essary for the re-establishment of business confidence. When, however, through this re stored confidence, tho money which has been frightened into hoarding places is returned to trade and onterpriho. a survey of the situation will probably disclose a safe path lead ill# to a P®fmon®utl.v* sound currency abundantly sufficient to moat overy requirement of our increasing population and business. In the pursuit of this object we should resolutely turn away from alluring and temporary ex pedients, determined to be contented with nothing loss than a las’ing and comprehensive financial plan. In these circumstances I am convinced that a reasonable delay in dealing with the subject instead of beinr injurious will increase the probability of wise action " lie monetary conference which assembled at Brussels upon our invitation was adjourned to the LOth day of November in the present year. 1 no considerations Just stated and the fact that a definite proposition from us seemed to be expected upon the reassembling of the conference, led me to express a willingness to have tlio meeting still further postponed. It scorns to me that it would be wise to (five poneral authority to the president lo invite other nations to such a conference at any time when thore should bv a fair prospect of accomplishing an international agreement on the subjoct of coinage. I desire also to earnestly suggest the wisdom of amending the extstiri; statutes in regard to the Issuance of government bonds. The authority now vested in the secretary of the treasury to issuo bonds is not as clear os it should bo und the bonds authorized are disadvantageous to tho government both as to the time of their maturity and rate of interest. The superintendent of Immi.’ration, through the secretary of the treasury, reports that during tho Inst fiscal year there arrived at our ports 440 79J Immigrants Of these I,VOX were not permitted to land under the limitations of tho law and B77 were returned to the countries from which they camo by roa->on of their hav ing become public charges, file total arrivals were 141,034 less than for the previous year. The secretary in his report gives an acoount of the operation of the marine hospital ser vico and of the good work done under Its su pervision, in preventing the entrance and spread of contagious diseases Tho admoni tions of tho last two years touching our pub lic health and the demonstrated dancer of tbe introduction of contnglous diseases from for eign ports, has invested the subject of na tional quarantine wltn increased interest A more general and harmonious system than now exists, acting promptly und directly everywhere, and constantly operating by pre-' ventive means to shield our country from the Invasion of disease and at the same time hav ing due regard to the rights and duties of local agencies, wou d. I believe, add greatly to the safely of our people WAR DKI'AUTIIEN’T. Uncle Pam's Army {lumbers 25,778 En listed Men and 3,144 ORlcers. The secretary of war reports that the strength of tho army on tho 30th day of Sep tember last was 25.778 onllsted men and 2141 officer*. The total expenditures of the de partment for the year ending; Juno 30, 18M, amounted to $51,980,074 $9, of this sum «1,993, 5JU.85 was for salaries and contingent expenses, $33,377,838 3i f r the support of tho military establishments, $6,077,031.18 for miscellaineous objects and $30,518,031.41 for public work. This latter sum includes *l5,39:!,87d40 for river and harbor improvements and $J.306.141 20 for for tifications and other works of defense The totui enrollment of the militia of the several stales was. on tho 31st of October of the current year, 113.597 officers and enlisted men. Tho officers of tho army detailed for the inspection and instruction of this reserve of our military force report that Increased inter est and marked progress aro apnarent in the discipline and efflcienuv of the organizations Neither Indian outbreaks nor domestic vio lence have called the army Into servico during the year nnd the only active military duty re quired of it has boon in the department of Texas, whore violation of the neutrality laws of the United States and Mexico were prompt ly nnd efficiently dealt with by the troops, ellc ting the warm approval of tho civil and military authorities of both countries The question of wise laws und tho Influences of civilization constantly tenjin > to relieve the country from the dan /ers of Indian hostil ities to :ether with the Increasing ability of tho states, throu h the efficiency of tho na tional guard organizations to protect their cit izens from domestic violence, lead to tho sug gestion that the time Is fast approachin ; when there should be a reorganization of our army on ilia lines nf the present necessities of the country This change contemplates neither increase in number nor added expen-e, but a redistribution of the force and nn encourage ment of measures tending to greator efficiency among the men and Improvement of tho ser vice • Alter mucn preliminary work ana examina tion in accordance witty the requirements of the law tho board appointed to select a maga zine rifle of modern type with orders to replace the obsolete Springfield rifle ot the infantry service, completed its labors during tho last . year and the work of manufacture r is now in Frozress at the national armory at Springfield t Is confidently expected that by tho end of the current year our infantry will be supplied with a weapon equal to that of the most pro gressive nrmies of the world. Tho work of the pro ected Chlokamaupa and Chattanoo a national,military park has been prosecuted with zeal and jud ment and its opening will be celebrated djrtng the coming year. Over nine square miles of the Chickamanga battle field have been acquired, twenty miles or roadway hove been con structed and permanent tablets have be3a placed at many historical points, while the invitation to the states to mark the position of their troops participating In tho battle has been very generally accepted. The work of locating and preserving the lines of battle at the Gettysburg battle field is making satis factory progress on the plans directed by the last congress. __ DEPARTMENT OP JUSTICE. The Abolition or the Fee System km • (Jolted States Coarts Recommended. Theroportof the attorney general contains the usual summary of the affairs and proceed ings of the department of justice for the past year, together with certain recommendations as to needed legislation on vnrious subjects I cannot too heartily Indorse the proposition that the fee system as applicable to the com pensation of United States attorneys, mar shcls, clerks of federal courts and United States commissioners should be abolished with as little dolay as possible. It is clearly in the interest of the community that tho business of the courts, bot* civil and criminal, shall he as ill and as inexpensively con ducted as the ends orjusitce will allow. In my first mossa4e to con ross d ited De cember t*, l835,lstron ly re09mmendedihe.se change- and referred somewnat at length to ! the evils of tho present system. Since that ! time the erimiaul business of tho federal i courts und the expense attending it, have enormously increased The num mr of crimi- : nai prosecutions pending in the circuit and district courts of the Unitod states on the first day of July, 1885, was 8,808, of which 1,884 were for violations of the internal revenue laws, while the number of sach prosecutions penom,' on the first dav 01 July. 1893. j was 9,500. in which 4 2J0 were for violations of 1 the Internal revenue laws. The expense of tho United States courts, exclusive of judges* salaries for t »e year endlnj July 1. 1885, was •*,874,733-11 ami for the Tear ending July, 1893, 14.838'75 8?. It Is therefore apparent that the reasons given In 1>8j torn ebunge In the manner of enforcing the federal criminal law have trained cogency and strength by lapse of time. FOSTOFF1CK DEPARTMENT. The Discrepancy Between Reoelpts and Expenditures Much Commented Upon, The report of the postmaster-general con tains a detailed statement of the operations of the postoffleo department during the last fls cal year, and much interesting Information touching this important branch of the public servicci The business of the malls Indicate with absolute certainty the condition of the business of the country, and depression in financial affairs inevitably and qulealy reduces the postal revenues Therefore a larger dis crepancy tbun usual between the postodlue re ceipts and expenditures is the expected and unavoidable result of tne distressing string ency which has prevailed throughout the country during much of the time covered by the postmaster-general s report MfAt a date when better times were antici pate it was estimated by his predecessor that the deficiency on the doth day of June 1891 would bo but little over *1,S03,UOO. It amounted, however, to more than l> 003,UJ>. At the same time and under the influence of like anticipa tion estimates were made for the current fls cal year ending June 3U. mat, which oxlbltod a surplus of revenue over expenditures of *872, 21s 71: but now in view of tho uctnal receipts and expenditures durln / that part of tho cur rent flseal year already expired the present post master general estimates that at Its close Instead of a surplus there will bo a doflciency of nearly J8,0(IJ,0l)3. The postoffleo receipts for the last fiscal year amounted to $75,8.x),9.13, 111 and its expend itures to 881,971,11)1 no This postoffleo de ficiency would disappear or be Immensely de creased if less matter was carried free through tho niHlls, an item of which is upward of 3l)o tons of seeds and grain from tho agricultural departments. The total number of postoffices In the United States on the. 30ta day of Juno 1891 was 68,403, an increase of 1.284 over the preceding year. Of those 3.300 were presiden tial, an increase in that elass of 204 over the preceding year The railway mail service not only adds to the promptness of mail delivery at all offloes, but it is the especitl instrumentality which puts tho smaller and way p aces in the service on an equality in that regard with tho larger and terminal offices. This branch of the postal service has there fore received much attention from the post master general and though it is gratifving to know that it is in condition of high efficiency and groat usefulness, I am lod to agree with the postmaster general that there is room for its further Improvement. There are now con nected with the postoffleo establishment 28,124 employes who are in the classified service. The head of this great department gives con clusive evidence of the value of civil service reform, when after an experience that renders his Judgment on the subject absolutely relia ble, he expresses the opinion that without the benefit of this system it would be impossible to conduct the vast business intrusted to him. I desire to commend op especially worthy of prompt attention tho suggestions of the post master general.rolatin r to a more sensible end business-liko organization and a bettor dis tribution of responsibility In his department. NAVir DEPARTMENT. Facto and Figures Regarding: the Naval Strength of the Country. The report of tho secretary of the navy con tains a history of the operations of his de partment during the pist year and exhibits a most gratifying condition of the personnel of our navy. He presents a satisfactory account of progress which has been made in the con struction of vossels and makes a number of recommendations which is especially invited. During the past six months the demands for cruising vessels have been many and urgent There have been revolutions calling for ves sels to protect American interests in Nicara gua, Guatemala, Costa Rica, Honduras, Argen tine and Brazil, while tho condition of affairs in Honolulu has required, the constant pres ence of one or more ships With alt these calls upon our navy it became necessary in or der to make up a sufficient licet, to patrol the Behring set under tne modus vivendl agreed upon with Great Britain to detail to that ser vice one vessel from the iish commission and three from the revenue murine Progress in tho constr iction of new vessels has not been-as rapid as was anticipated. '1 hero have been delays in the completion of unarmed vessels, but for tho most part they have been such as was constantly occurring in countries having tho lariest experience in naval ship building. The most serious delays, however, havo been in the work upon armored ships. Tho trouble has been the faiiuro of contractors to deliver armor ns agreed. The difflcnltins seem now.however to have been all overcome and armor is being delivered with satisfactory promptness. The folloivin? vessels of tho new navy have been completed and are now roady for service: The double turroted coast defense monitor Miantonomah. the double turreted coast de fense monitor Monterey, the armed cruiser Ne* York, the protected cruisers Baltimore, Chicago, Philadelphia, Newark, San Fran cisco. Charleston, Atlanta and Boston, the cruiser Detroit, the gun boats Yorktown, Con cord, Bennington. Maehias. , 4-J > widows or soldiers ot tnat war. 21,518 survivors and widows of the Mexican war, 3.8a; survivors and widows ol Indian wars, 984 army nurses uni 47.>,s45 sur vivors and widows and children of deceased soldiers and saiors of the war of the rebellion. The latter number represents those pensioned on account of disabilities or death resulting from army or n ivy service Tho number of persons remalninf on the rolls Juno 30, 189:1 who were pensioned under the act of June 27, 189o, which allows pensions on account of death and disability not chargeuble to army service, was 409,135 The number added to the trolls durinr the year was 121,034 and the number dropped was 33,693 The arst payments on pensions al* lowed during the.year amounted to >33.750, 649.98. This Includes arrears or the accum u atlon between the time from which the allowance of pension dates and the time of actually granting the ceulftcates nlthou ;h tho law of 189J permits pensions for disability not related to military service yet as a requisite to its benefits odisability must exist incapaci tating applicants “.rom tho performance of manual labor to such a decree us to render them unable to earn a support " Execution of this law in its early stages does not scorn to have been in accord with its true intention but toward the close of the lust ad ministration an authoritative construction was given to tho statute and since that time this construction his been followed This bid the effect of limiting tho operation of the law to its intended purposes. Tho discovery having been made that many names had been put upon tho pen-on roil by means of wholesale and gigantic frauds the commissioner suspended pay meats upon a num ber or pensions which seemed to be fraudulent or unauthorized ponding a complete Mamina tlon giving notita to Sim pensioners In order that they might have mi opportunity to establish. If posslblo. the Justice of their claims notwithstanding apparent Invalidity. This, I understand, is the practice which has lor a lone time prevailed In tho pension bureau, but niter ontbring upon these recent investigations the commfss oner modified this rule so as not to allow until after a complete examination interference with the payment of a pension apparently hot allogclher'void but which merely had been fixed at a rate higher than th it authorized by law. I am unable to understand why frauds In tho pension rolls should not be exposed and corrected with thoroughness and vigor. Every name fraudu lently put upon the-o rolls Is a wicked Im position upon the kindly sontiment in which pensions have their origin. Every fraudulent pensioner has become a bad citizen very false with support of a pension has been fieriuy more common ana false and undeserv ng pensioners rob the people not only of their monoy. but of the patriotic sentiment which the survivors of a war fought for the preserv ation of the union ought to inspire Thous ands of neighborhoods hive their well known fraudulent pensioners and recent develop ments by the bureau establish appallin ' con spircles to establish pension fraud. By ho means the least wrong done is to brave and deserving pensioners, who surely ought not to be condemned to such associations. Those who attempt in tho line of duty to rec tify these wrings should not bu itocuiod of enmity or Indifference to the claims of honest veterans. The sum expendod on account of pensions for the yo ir ending June 30. tail, was $150,740, 40714. The commissioner estimates that »I6T|.OOO.OJO will be required to pay pensions duringthe year ending June 31, 1391. Tho vast area of land which bit a short time n o constituted the public domain is rapidly falling Into private hands. It is certain that In the transfer the beneflclent intention of the government to supply from its domain homes to the industrious und worthy home-seeker is often frustrated Thou h the speculator, who stands with extortionate purpose between the land office and those who, with their fam ilies are invited by the government to settle on tho public lands, is a despicanio character who ought not to bo tolerated, yet it is diffi cult to thwart his schemes. The recent opening to settlement of the lands In the Cherokee outlet embracing an area of 0,500.000 acres, notwithstanding the utmost care in framing the regulations governing tho selection of locations and notwithstanding tho presence of United States troops furn ished an exhibition, though, perhaps. In a moditiod degree of tho mad scramblo, the violence and tho fraudulent occupation which have accompanied previous openings of public land. I concur with tho secretary in tho belief that these outrageous incidents cannot be en tirely prevented without a chan e in tho laws on the subject, and I hope his recom mendations in that direction will be favorably considered. • AGRICULTURAL DEPARTHEXT. Secretary Rusk's Economic Ideas Strong ly Commended. The report of the secretary of agriculture will bo found exceedingly interesting, espe cially to that large part of our citizens inti mately concerned in agricultural occupations. On the ninth day of March, 1893, there were upon its pay rolls 2.43:) employes This num ber has been reduced to 1,850 persons. In view of a depleted public treasury and the imporitive demand of the peo pie for economy in tne administration of their government the secretary has entered upon the task of rat on illy reducing expendi ture* by tae elimin iting from the oay rolls of all persons not needed for an efbeunt conduct of tne affairs of the department During the first quarter of tho present year the expenses of the department aggregated $145,87(5.70 as against $iu.',oli42 for the corresponding per iod of the fiscal year enclin : Juno 3d, 189.1 Tho secretary makes apparent his intention to continue this rate of reduction by submitting estimates for the next fisca1 year less by *994, 280 than those for the present year. The amount appropriated for the bureau of animal industry lor the current fiscal year is *850,0W, the estimate lor the ensuing year is The regulations of 1892 concerning Texas fever have been enforced during the last year, and tho large stock yards of the country have been kept free from infection. Occasional local outbreaks have bean largely such as could have been effectually guarded against by the owner* of the affected cattle While contagious pieuro pneumonia in cat tle has been eradicated, animal tuberculosis, a disease widespread and more dangerous to human life than pieuro pneumonia, is still prevalent. Investigations have been made during the past year as to the means of its communication and the method of its correct datnosi*. Much progress lias been maae in. this direction by the studies of this division of animal path ology, but ou :ht to be extended in co opera tion with local authorities, until the danger to human life arising from this cause is reduced to a minimum. The number of animals arriv ing from Cunada during the yearand inspected by bureau officers was 42.092 and the number from transatlantic countries was 1,297. No contagious diseases were fo .nd among the im ported animals The total number of inspec tions of cattle for export during tno past fiscal year was 611,542 The exports show a tilling off ot about 25 per cent irom the preceding year, tne decrease occurrin; entirely in tae last half ot the year. This sugrests tnat tho failin' off may have been largely due to an increase in the price of American export cattle. Durin : the year end ing Juno HO. 1891, exports of inspected pork aggregated 20,077.410 pounds as against 38,152. 874 pounds for the precedin year Tne falling off in this export was not lOntlm d however to inspec ed pork, the total quantity exported for 1892 being 0G> 493,01(5 pounds, while in 1894 it was only i.27. pounds. I join the secretary in rocommendin r that hereafter each applicant lor tho position of Inspector or assist int inspector in the bureau* of animal industries bo required as a condi tion precedent to his appointment to exhibit to the United States civil servi.o commission, his diplomi from an established rentlar and reputable veterinary college and that this be supplemented by such an examination in veterinary science us the commission may prescribe The exports of agricultural product* from the United States for tho liscal year ending June 3), 1892, attained the enormous Prune of ahiKOJO.OlK) in round numbers being 78.7 Per cent of our total exports In tho last'fiscal yea*, this aggregate was greatly reduced, but nevertheless reached *C15,t00,00J. being 75.1 per cent of all American commodities exported. A review of our agri cultural exports with special reference to. their destination will show that in almost every line the United Kingdom of Groat BrLi aie and Ireland absorbs by far the largest pro portion. Of cattle the total exports aggre gated in value foi*the fiscal year ending June HO. 18.H. fS'i.UJj. #uo. or which Great Britain took considerably over $2>,0.)3 ojO Of beef products of all kinds our total exports were 23,Oji>,ouiA Or products the total exports were $S0«0&>,&>i> of which Great Britain took £51,003.000. la breadstuffs, cotton and mi or products like proportions sent to. tho same destination are -<^ru „ rhe Work of th0 »titistical division of the department of agriculture deals with nil that relates to- the economic of farming, xhe main pnrpose or its monthly reports are to keep the farmers- informed as fully as pos sible of all matters hivin' any influence upon the world's markets in which th :se products found sale. Its publications rel aeo- specially to the commercial side of farmm^ J’h0 appropriated IhOdO. to bo taken from the pattern office fund for the purpose of eollecBin / and distributing rare and improved varieties of seeds and for prosecuting agricultural investigation and procuring agricultural statistics From tills small beginning the seed division of the de partment of a rieulture has crown to its present unwieldy and unjustifiably extrava gant proportions. During the last fiscal year the cost of seeds purchased wus #st aocomplUhed by the commissi" pr>Uy hearty corporation of the po«m??, wlUl the Is an immensely Important a™ ®!* !?.'11''11 fulness of the system r __ .. ® tn the use fumess of the system. I am. lr „«? use than eyer convinced of theincalJSrUK b * m°r« conferred by the civil servioe^i^1 b °*)'n,llt» Its effect upon the public service ba?»i 0”l!, ** Is even more important in lt( Iny the tone of political life general.,*'"'’11' The course of civil . lly The course of civil seVrtc. y country illustrates how atron„ a hem®,B thl> ment sains uoon our JL. . 4a Qove ment gains upon our people wMehi?1 Qove lying it a sentiment of justice line1*11? under whlch at the same time promises4 »"'t ministration of their governnW be„ ter M> embodying this reform foundlt.1—^6 '** statute book more from fear of nlay t0 °’ir sentiment existing in Its favor°Ltbe. P°pui.,r oyp ,t0S the tetorm itself on the fr°M »»v legislatures and It has iiLjUrl of grown and flourished in *1 the covert as well „ 8plte ol lty of spoilsmen and notwuh S 1108111 querulous impracticability of ">» stltutod guardians. Beneitn an, h» fl( ««• and sublimated theories which *>,.« ^ Vatar:es It there Underlies tt” reform a .^1“^ mnn spnq« nHnninio .IUi a sturdy. vc .. .uo.p huucniw inis reform a mon sense principle not onlT s.u !„ y.' mundane sphere, but whoieyaSnii°a.it0 people are more and rrmm JSSPfiW*0® ioiq. to this P^Pioare more’ and more 0”r absolutely essential to the mSSfSn,lob# operations of th^ir Dg>*ro.~,.„„1??st.-sutce'wfii! operations of their &£5a£g>\?™»« - perpetuity. rument. if not t0 ltj It seem i to me to he entirely , with the character of this reformconsistent wnn us oost enforecmenl. tb tfbHge'ni'J'11 M vrnoulnn Pi* aal- W-■ . UU*IB« 106 COtfl. clerks detailed from SnSS.SSSS?’1 There ought not to be Sm-hTcoSdibn any deportment that clerks hired to do „ , there can be spared tT ‘nabUuail^ work at another place, and it does nn?b«lUally with a sen-ible view of civil°4,rv"re “'i™'11 that persons should be employed onh„ m ® that their labor Is necessary iS on.Vl,eor» ment when in point of fact thei?scrvh»p“rt' devoted to entirely different work in department I earnestly urue that the c?«hSr nocossary to carry cn the work’ of the commu sion be regularly put upon its roster, .L*!". the system of obliging thS commtsi™! ,1' rely upon the services of clerks beloK other departments be discontinued 8U* 10 TARIFF REVISION. Discriminating Care Urged In Adju.tln. Duties iu the New Tariff Uuj, Economy la public expenditure Is a dut» that cannot innocently be ne-looted bv thoi flntrnatoil with tho _i u tn0s* entrusted with the control or money drawn from the people for public uses. It must ts confessed that our apparently endless re source? the fami iarity of our pooplc with im mense accumulations of wealth the f rowing sentiment amonp them that the expenditure of public money should in some manner be to their immediate and personal advantage the indirect and almost stealthy manner in which a large part of our taxes are ex icted and a de generated sons© of official accountability have led to growing extravagance in governmental appropriations. At this time when a depleted public treasury confronts us, when many of our people are enraged in a hard strurgle for the necessaries of life, and when forced economy is pros sing upon the great masses of our countryman I desire to urge with all the earnestness at my command that congressional legislation be so limited by strict economy as to exhibit an an preciatlon of the conduct of the treasury and u sympathy with the straitened circumstances of our fellow citizens. The duty of rublio economy is also of immense importance in it9 intimate und necessary relation to the task now in hand of providing revenue to meet ’ ovfernment expenditures and yet reducing the people’s burden of federal taxation After a hard struggle tarifT reform is direct ly before us. Nothing so important claims our attention and nothing so clearly presents itself as both an ooportuuit/ and a dutv-aa opportunity to deserve the gratitude of our fellow citizens and a duty imposed upon us by our oft repeated professions and by the em phatic m indate of the people After full dis cussion our countrymen have spoken in favor of this reform and They hive confided the work of its accomplishment to the bunds of those who are solemnly pled ed to it. If there is anythin : iu the thoory of a representation in mibltc places of the people und their desire.!. if public officers are re 1H7 servants of the peopl», and if politic ! promises and professions nave any binning force onr failure to give tne relief so ling awaited will be sheer recreancy. Nothing should interfere to distr ct our uttte.itiou or di^turt our effort until this reform is ac* compjisheu by wise ana c.reful legislation. While we should staunchly adhere to the principle that only the necessity or revenue justifies the imposition of tariff duties and e-tner federal taxation and that thev should be limited by strict economy, we cannot close ©ur eyes to the fact that conditions have 1 rown.up among us which in justice and hrmj ness call for discriminating care in dstribu tion of such duties and taxation as the em^reoucies of our . government actually Aemird. *.ianaestly if we are to afd the people direct ly through tariff reform oue of its most obvious features should be a reduction iu present tariff charges upon the 1 ecessuries of life. Tue benefits of such a reduction wou‘d be pilpaula amJsubst'Btially seen and felt bv thousands who would be better fed and better clothed and better sheltered These gifts should oa the willinr benefactions of a government whose hi hest function is the promotion of the welfare of the peode Not loss closely reluted to o»r people's prosperity and well being is the removal oT restrictions upon iha Importation of the raw materials necessary to our manfa-tures Yne world should be open to our national ingenuity and enterprise This cannot be while federal legislation through the imposition of high tariff forbids to American manufacturers as dhean materi als as those used fcy their competitors. It « quite obvious that the enhancement of the co of our manufactured products resulting am this poJii y not oily confines the market for*ihrse products w.thout our owu bodies to the direct d sadvantare of our‘madufacturers but also increases tnc.ir cost to our citizens 1 he interests of labor are certainly, though Indirectly involved in this feature 01 our tariff system The sharp con)IH':,‘ tion and active struggle among our m 'nnfacturers to supply the limited demivna for thefrgeods soon fill the narrow market to wuicuiueyare connnea. men vr, pension oi work m milts and factories, a ch.irgo of employes and distress in the no®** of our workin/men Even if the ofteni Jtroved assertion could be made good in,)“ overrate of wages would result from rjj raw materials and low tariff duties, the intei • pence of our workin men leads them Q«a* * to discover th it their stead.' emoioymeni; p nutted by free raw materials is th9 import* factor in their relation to tariff tegishu ■ A measure has been prepared by in. • »T propriate congressional committee .emoc y in: tariff reform on the lines hereint sudte• which will be promptly submitted for i lative action. It is the result of much P otic and unselfish work and I bencveU ' with its subject consistently and as thorou* J as existing conditions permit. Iautsat’ t that the redneed tariff duties provided * the proposed legislation, added to ex internal revenue t xation will in to® future, though perhaps -not immediately* »J duce sufficient revenue to meet the net the government ..„.n,|nn Tne committee after full considerat to provide against a temporary ---■ tM which may exist before the business o ^ country ndiusts itself to the new .. tew ule have wisely embraced in their pi** ' a additional internal revenue tastes. rUin. small tax upon Incomes derivod from cj corporate investments. These new * ments are not only absolutely just• WJJ o{ ^ borne, but they have the further mcr■ » lng such as can be remitted without un •» bio business disturbances whenever tn sitv of their imposition no longer exist ■ tbls In my great desire for the success oj ^ me »sure I cannot restrain the su -fcesi “ 0f its success can oniy be att unea ay “ ds0f unselfish counsel on the nart of . _p9J tariff reform and as a re-ult of taeir w to subordinate personal desires ana • ^ to the general good. The local in _umor. fected by the proposed reform art • * uuoa ous and so varied that if all at'® ,si ia the legislation embodyinj the reform evitably f ill. . rcspcft* In conclusion my intense fj®*1®- 0 m-mitold sibii I t v impels me to invoke for J”. pe0,pia Interests ©f a generous and connanVr(le0 my tho roost scrupulous love and to v „ ^ (or willing support to every the advancement of the greatness po/ity of oar bolovod eomjtry^ ri EVKLANP Where herd work kills one man, worry uses up a dozen. The man who makes a business of loo<>* for mud generally finds it. It b not the talleet tree that bears the moat trait.