THE 8EMIAVEEKLY TRIBUNE. NORTH PLATTE, NEBRASKA.
FOR IHE BUSY W
NEWS EPITOME THAT CAN 800N
BE COMPASSED.
WHY EVENTS ARE MENTIONED
Home and Foreign Intelligence Con.
densed Into Two and Four
Line Paragraphs.
WAR NEWS.
Colonel Heussler, a Swiss military
statistician, calculates the totnl losses
In killed In the present European war
ut 5,000,000.
Threo Austrian aeroplanes recently
dropped bombs upon the principal
square In Verona, Italy, killing thirty
persons and seriously injuring thirty
more.
Reports from Berlin are that Ger
many has all the cotton it needs for
military purposes for several years
and also has access to new supplies
Vom Turkey.
Eugene Bonneton, well known as a
palntor of scenes of Old Paris, whoso
Port St. Nicholas is on exhibition at
San Francisco exposition, has been
killed in action in the Argonne.
Field Marshal von Mackensen will
take command of tlio Turks' Darda
nelles operations when he arrives in
Constantinople, advices from the
Turkish capital state. It Is predicted
that this will be soon.
Greece has intimated that it will
disarm , the allied troops In the Bal
kans if they arc forced to retreat into
Greece from Serbia and Bulgaria. As
a result, the allies are demanding
that Greece give them a plain state
ment of her attitude.
A "finish fight" in the European
war will mean utter ruin for Great
Britain as well- as for Germany,
which is prepared to fight six years,
said C. P. Trevelyan, liberal, in the
house of commons during discission
of conduct of the war.
The hospital ship Anglia, with
about 300 wounded men aboard, In
addition to the crew, nurses and at.
tendants, bound from France for Do
ver, England, struck a mine in mid
channel, and sank. Nearly 100 men,
most of them seriously wounded, lost
their lives.
GENERAL.
Thirty-one men were killed under
ground by a coal dust explosion in the
coal mine of the Northwestern Im
provement company at Ravensdale,
Wash.
1
Three physicians who examined Al
fred Jennings, a cattleman of Ells
worth coanty, Kansas, who is ill with
a disease which has been pronounced
foot and mouth disease, have confirm
ed the original diagnosis.
Dr. Henry Jt. Carter, veteran yellow
fever fighter of the United States pub
lic health service, has been stricken In
Porto Rico with denmuo, the malig
nant tropical fever against which ho
recently inaugurated a campaign on
the island.
Dr. Josephine Baker, director of the
child hygiene board of health of Now
York, is authority for the statement
that the lives of more than 20,000 in
fants have been saved In New York
alone since the bureau began Its work
eight years ago.
District Attorney R. H. Jackson, at
Pittsburgh, swore out warrants
against forty-five persons accused of
violating tho election laws in the pri
mary election on September 21.
Within a short time twenty-five ar
rests had been made.
A proclamation attributed to Villa,
posted in Nogales, Ariz., refers to
President Wilson as an '."evangelistic
professor of philosophy," and declares
that Mexico cannot be pacified by
Carranza because the people will not
accept a government forced upon
them by the United States.
Joseph . Hill3trom's execution at
Salt Lake City, Utah, for the murder
of J. J. Morrison and Morrison's son,
January 10, 1914, was followed by
Governor Spry's announcement that
ho would "clear the state of the law
less element that now infests It,"
A fuel oil tank with a capacity of
2,000,000 gallons is to bo constructed
by the U. S. Navy department on tho
shore at I ortmouth, near Newport,
R. I., as a source of supply for battle
chips and other naval vessels.
Destruction of birds, according to
Col. G. C. Shields, president of tho
League of American Sportsmen, costs
the United States $1,000,000,000 a
year. Cpl. Shields made the asser
tion In an address before tho Chicago
chapter of tho Daughters of the Amer
ican Revolution.
Laying of tho four-ton comorstono
of tho now state capltol of Oklahoma
at Oklahoma City, on tho eighth anni
versary of Oklahoma's statehood, was
Attended by elaborate exercises and
tho full Masonic ritual.
Booker T. Washington, foremost
teachor and leader of tho negro race,
died at his home at Tuskegeo, Ala
bama, near tho Tuskogee institute, of
which ho wns founder and president
The ilrst formal steps In a cam
paign for tho creation of a world su
premo court for tho Judicial settle
ment of all International disputes wero
taken at a luncheon given nt tho
Hankers' club at New York, which
was attended by men prominent In
public life from all sections of tlto
country.
Six Chicago physicians, composing
a coroner's Jury, held that Dr. II. J.
Halselden, who permitted an Infant,
Allan John Bollinger, to die when an
operation might have saved him to a
llfo of unhapplness as a defective, was
morally and ethically Justified In re
fusing to perform the operation which
Ills conscience did not sanction.
That the value of the poultry In
terests In the United States now ap
proximates 1,000,000,0(10, or moro
than enough to buy out several of the
live stock Industries, was tho state
ment made by E. B. Thompson of
Amenia, N. Y In an address which
opened the convention at San Fran
cisco of the American Poultry asso
ciation Two thousand six hundred and seventy-seven
persons walked down the
sawdust trail In eight Billy Sunday
meetings held In Syracuse, N. Y
Sunday. November 14. Following the
tabernacle sorvlce Sunday issued a
statement, saying "this Is tho first
time since Saint Peter preached at
Pentecost 1,900 years ago that so
many persons have been converted to
Christianity In one day."
SPORTING.
Mike Gibbons and "Young" Ahem,
mlddloweights will meet in a ten
round contest at Milwaukee tho first
week of December for a purse of
$10,000.
Jack Ness, Ilrst baseman of the Oak
land, Cal., club, Coast league, and
holder of tho world's record for hits
mado in consecutive games, lias sign
ed a contract, for next year with 'the
Chicago American league club.
Nebraska university's football team
won the Missouri valley conference
championship once more by swamping
Kansas, 33 to 0, on their own campus
at Lawrence. The victory was a
clean-cut demonstration of superior
ity by tho Nebraska men.
Frank C. Zehrung o Lincoln, Neb.,
member of a theatrical syndicate that
controls tho Brandeis of Omaha and
theaters in St. Joseph, Wichita, To
peka and Lincoln, has been elected
president of the Western league to
succeed "Tip" O'Neill, according to
a message received at Lincoln.
Charley White of Chicago, who was
defeated two months ago by Mllburn
Saylor of Indianapolis, turned on his
conqueror at Boston and knocked
him out a minute and a half after tho
bout started. After being floored for
a count of seven, Saylor struggled to
his feet only to go down again for
the full count.
WASHINGTON.
The Navy department announces
that Commander Arthur MacArthur
of tho battleship Nebraska has been
assigned to command tho mincship
San Francisco.
A formal order was Issued by tho
Postofflce department directing post
masters hereafter to refuse to accept
parcel post packages for Germany,
Austria and Hungary.
Democratic members of the ways
and .means committee, It was an
nounced will meet November 2!), to
take up tho organization of tho now
house of representatives.
Assoclato Justice Hughes of the su
preme court notified the secretary of
state of Nebraska he would not bo a
candidate at tho coming presidential
primary olectlon and requested that
Ills name be not placed upon the bal
lot. Congress may be asked to place a
temporary embargo on exports of
structural steel to the European bel
ligerents in order to afford a suffic
ient supply of the metal for uso In tho
construction of tho two battleships, It
is said.
Careful review of the private bids
for tho hulls and machinery of tho
two new Hupor-dreadnoughts author
ized by the last congress has shown
finally that none conies within tlio
limit Bet by congress. Secretary Dan
iels Is undecided whether new bids
will bo asked or whether the govern
ment will mko arrangements to build
the ships It) Its own yards.
Tentative plans are being consider
ed, Secretary Daniels announces, for
two !:C,000-ton battleships to bo In
cluded In the first year's part of tho
five-year building program congress
will be asked to approve. There aro
no warships so large afloat anywhero
in tho world now.
Moro than $100,000 is now held by
tho Federal Reserve board In Its gold
settlement fund to tho credit of tho
reserve banks and reserve agents.
The fund has now been in existence
six months.
IMPROVED QUALITY OF
Showing Method of Connecting Up Cream Tank
With Stock Tank.
(By J. II. FRANDSEN, Professor of
Dairy Husbandry, University ot Ne
braska.) As n result of market investigations
carried on by tho United States dairy
division some timo ago to dotermlno
tho quality of American butter, a largo
amount of tho butter examined was
found to bo of Inferior quality bo
causo of tho poor cream from which
it had been made. That such a state
of affairs exists is bad enough but still
moro discouraging Is tho fact that dur
ing tho last fow years the amount of
poor cream has not docreased.
When wo stop to consider that tho
production of cream and buttor Is one
of the leading industries of tho nation,
tlio ono industry that servos and has
served the American farmer well, not
only in years oi bountiful crops and
high prices, but has been a faithful
standby in years of crop failures anfl
hard times, it is evident that p.tor
quality in the production of cream
must moan a needless loss of thou
sands, of dollars to tho producors.
Moreover, it gives foreign buttor Just
tho chance it would llko to have to
compete In our own markets.
Although modern methods nnd ma
chinery liavo done much to lmprovo
tho quality of creamery buttor, tho
most skillful buttermaking using tho
best of machinery cannot overcome the
evil effects arising from tho filthy
methods followed by some cream pro
ducers. '
Frequent experiments havo shown
that low temperatures will greatly re
tard tho growth of most germs and
that cream quickly cooled will keep
sweat much longer than when it is
allowed to cool gradually. Tho prac
tice of adding warm cream to cream
that has been previously cooled is rec
ognized as being extremely undesira
bio because warm cream raisc3 tho
tomporaturo of tho wholo mass suffi
ciently to start the dormant bacteria
to activity, causing them to multiply
rapidly, producing largo amounts of
acid and also undesirable fermenta
tions before the cream is again cooled
to a point where their growth is
chocked. Warm cream should bo thor
oughly cooled boforo it is added to tho
cold cream.
From these facts it appears that tho
most practical moans at tho disposal
of tho dairyman for checking bacte
rial action tho spoiling of cream lies
in tho universal application of low tem
peratures in handling tho cream. Tho
most satisfactory and practical moans
of securing these desirable results has
been by tho uso ot some form ot cool
ing tank.
Recognizing tho great importance of
dovising a cooling tank that will bo at
onco cheap, practical, and efficient, tho
department of dairy husbandry of Ne
braska In co-operation with Profs. G,
L. McKay and F. W. Bouska of tho
American Creamery Butter Manufac
turers' association havo spent much
timo Investigating this problom. An
offort has been mado to perfect a tank
that would bo both effective and con
venient. Such a tank must bo sub
stantlally mado of good insulating ma
terial and ablo to stand up under haVd
usago. It must havo a tight cover in
order to prevent loss of efficiency duo
to exposure of tho cooling water to
the air. Tho plpo through which tho
cooling water enters should dischargo
COLD .
CREAM A WA.RH CREArt
ReoUngular Cream Cooling Tank.
CREAMERY BUTTER
near tho bottom of tho tank and the
ovorflow near tho top and at the op
poslto end and should bo of such size
that thoro will bo no dangor of wator
rising abovo tho tops of tho cans.
With theso gonoral roquiromonts in
mind tho committee, togethor with tho
co-operation of roprosontatlvos of lo
cal creameries, devised, constructed
and experimcntod with a numbor of
different kinds of tanks to dotormino
their cost and efficiency.
As a result tho rectangular tank
shown in Fig. 1 gavo highly satisfac
tory results. Lator a round tank
shown in Fig. II embodying tho fea
tures of tho roctangular tank, was
found to glvo satisfactory results and
has the advantago of being constructed
chcapor than would bo possiblo for a
rectangular tank. The committee is
still working on a substantially built,
woll-inBUlatod metal tank.
Upon tho recommendation of tho
commltteo tho Association of Ameri
can Creamery Buttor Manufacturers
adopted tho round nnd the rectangu
lar tanks as shown In above cuts as
tho official tanks ot tho association.
This association has already taken
steps to havo theso tanks manufac
tured and distributed to partioB inter
ested at tho lowest possiblo cost. To
thoso desiring to build their own tanks
plans and specifications will bo fur
nished by tho American Creamery But
ter Manufacturers' association.
To sum up, it may bo said that the
quality of cream produced depends
largely upon tho conditions prevailing
on tho farm. Cleanliness is essential
nt every point. As somo ono has well
said, "Clean cream, cool cream, rich
cream aro essential factors in cream
production."
Tho responsibility, howovor, doos
not Ho entirely with tho farmer. Tho
samo caro that must bo exercised on tho
farm must bo observed at the cream
station and creamery. Tlio cream sta
tion must be provided with proper
cooling facilities and tho quarters used
for tho cream station must bo sani
tary, clean, and well ventilated, other
wise tho work and caro of tho dairy
man count for naught.
Again, material Improvement muct
como through co-operation with tho
railways engaged in the hauling of
cream, whoroby at their Junction
points at least sholtor would bo pro
vided which would protect tho croam
from tho sun when loft on tho plat
form. Somothlng, toq, could undoubt
edly bo dono toward providing moro
sanitary and bettor cooled cars for uso
in shipping cream.
In conclusion, permit mo to say that
I anticipate but littlo troublo In get
ting tho hearty and intelligent approv
al of tho farmors on this bad cream
propaganda, if, along with this do
mand, will como a cream prlco based
strictly on grade. As long as tho
cream producer sees his indifferent
neighbor producing poor cream and
knows ho receives tho samo prlco for
It, it will bo oxtromoly difficult to con
vince him that quality really counts In
tho making ot buttor. As o mutter of
fact, howover, ono should not loso
sight of tho fact that every additional
can of good cream helps directly or
Indirectly tho gonoral average of tho
buttor mado as well as tho prlco se
cured for it.
SECURING EGGS DURING WINTER SEASON
Well-Arranged Colony
A good poultry house Is what you
noed, Mr. Farmor, If you aro going to
havo plenty of eggs to soli this wlntor.
Somo farmors fool that wlntor eggs
are too hard to got to mako It worth
while to try tb produco thom. This Is
a mlstako, according to R. M. Sher
wood, poultry specialist In tho exten
sion division of tho Kansas Stato Agri
cultural college
"If ono has a good poultry houso,"
commented Mr. Sherwood, "ho should
havo littlo troublo. Early matured
pullets properly housed nnd fed
Winter House for Laying Hens.
should produco a largo numbor of
eggs."
Tho houso, points out this oxpert,
need not bo an oxpenslvo ono. It
should furnish tho fowls protection
from the winds and storms and should
bo so constructed that it will havo
proper ventilation. A chicken breathes
threo or four times as much air in
proportion to its weight as a human
being. Ventilation makes a house
Bomowhat coldor, but dryer, and dry,
cold air Is much better for tho fowls
than moist warm air.
Tho houso should bo built with tho
CARE AND FEEDING OF FOWLS
Birds Which Have Beon Developed by
Careful Attention Degenerate
Quickly When Neglected.
Poultry raising shows us that prog
ress is mado in two ways by inher
itance and by caro in tho dovolopmont
of tho offspring. Or, in other words,
a character which has doveloped In
an animal, oven though It was not ftp
parent In Its parent, Is likely to bo
transmitted to its offspring. It is
for this reason that closo attention and
great caro should bo given to tho
subjoct ot caro and feeding of fowls,
for fowls which havo boon dovolopod
by careful attontlon will quickly do
gonorato when neglected.
Our knowledge of thoso things leads
to tho formulation of somo general
ruloB which shouhl bo studlod and
observed.
1. Tho land fowl should bo mado
to, "Bcratch" or "pick" or "tear" Ub
feed.
2. It should bo kopt dry.
3. Its fend must consist of animal,
vegotablo and mineral matter, with
Bulllclcnt water to moisten It.
4. Its reasoning powers being small,
man must assist It by placing feeds
beforo It.
Tho waterfowl should havo acceas
to running water. 1 know this Is an
opposite opinion to that of a famous
duck raiser, but waterfowls for
breeding purposes will thrlvo bost
whon thoy have freo access to running
water.
Oyster Shells Are Needed,
Oyster sholla aro furnished tho
chickens to stimulate tho production
nt cggB. Tho hen that la laying freely
will eat a lot of oyster shell as her
body requires tho ingredients that
mako up tho egg Bholl. For this rea'
son oyster sholl should bo supplied
all tho year around and In tho winter
it Is especially nocossary to koop up
tho supply ot high quality ogga when
nigs aro high.
Sand or Gravel Necessary.
Fresh sand or gravel is absolutely
necessary to tho comfort of tho hons
this winter. Covor wooden or cement
floors at least threo inches deep and
earth floors from six to twelvo inches.
I
ON I
Houses on Poultry Farm.
west, north and oast Bides tight during
tho winter months, while the south
stdo should furnish the ventilation.
Thoro may bo a fow glass windows on
tho south sldo, but more.Bpace should
bo loft open, oxcopt that curtnlnB may
bo dropped down for tho nights, and
on a fow very stormy dayc. On somo
occasions theso openings may bo loft
uncovered during tho night. Somo
times curtains do not allow enough
air to clrculnto. In thoso cases
openings may bo mado Just undor tho
roof to allow tho nir to circulate moro
freoly. Whntovor tho system or venti
lation rhny bo, it is ossentlnl that tho
houso should bo dry and froo from bad
odors.
Tho houso should bo bo constructed
that it can bo easily cleaned. Tho
floor should bo smooth. Concreto is
good for this reason. It Is truo, how
ovor, that concreto floors built on
damp ground aro damp. To avoid this
troublo a concreto floor may bp built
on a layer of oight or ten inches of
rock or other material which will not
carry tho molsturo from the ground.
Somo poultrymcn uso floors mado ot
hollow building tlio, nnd find thom
very satisfactory. Whoro thoso are
usod tho tlio aro laid on a smooth sur
faco and tho crovIcoB filled with ce
ment. Tho porches sh'ould bo built bo that
thoro will bo as fow places for mltoa
to breed as possiblo. If porches are
romovablo, so much tho bettor. A
board platform should bo placed about
eight InchoB bolow tho porches to
catch tho droppings. This makes o
cleaner floor, and thus adds to the ca
pacity of tho honhouso. It makes It
easier to clean tho houso, and aids Id
koeplng tho mltos In chock.
Tho nosts also should be built bo
thnt tho mites can easily bo combated.
They could bo covered or protected
so that tho fowls cannot roost on them.
This is nocossary In the production of
a good grade of market eggs,
IMPORTANCE OF PURE WATER
Hens Soon Learn to Enjoy Fresh, Cool
Drink, Just as Human Beings Do
Improves the Egg.
Eggs aro mado un ot what hens nut
and drink and tholr taato as well as
general appoaranco can be chanced in
a fow daya by Buch fooda as onions,
garlic, fish, stagnant, muddy water,
etc. Ab tho avorago egg la about 80
per cont wator, tho importance of
plenty of puro, fresh wator la vory
ovldent. Tho mudholo beside tho tank
whoro tho othor stock aro watered or
tho wallow In tho hog-lot are not "all
right" for tho bona, though thoy may
drink it and Hvo for a loner tlmn
whon forced to by tho abaonco of a
drinking placa ot their own. But bona
will soon loam to enjoy a fresh, cool
drink Just as human beings do. Tho
Bquaro five-gallon tin can, in which
much korosono is Bold, split in halves
tno long way will mako a pair of
nlco drinking places, that it set in
tho Bhado and cloanod dally, aro vory
good and in somo places vory cheap.
Tho main essentials of these watc
fronts should bo tightness, lightness,
ensy cleaning, and not ovor llvo inches
dopth when full.
Substantial Henroost.
Tho farm fowl, if glvon hor prefer
ence in selecting a roost, would doubt
loss cIioobo a substantial apple limb
rounded Just right to allow hor to hold
on with easo. A. good two by four
with tho upper edges planod round
llko nn npplo bough makes a strong,
substantial roost
Guaranteed Eggs.
"Guaranteed oggs" are thoso laid by
fowls Judiciously fed on tho purest o
food, kept In tho cleanest ot bouses
and always put on tho market in a
fresh condition.
Mako Hens Work for Grain.
Much benefit is likely to result, with
out any possiblo harm, if tho hens are
compolled to work in clean litter for;
tholr grain at alt seasons.
Infertile Eggs Best.
Infortilo eggs will withstand mar
keting conditions much better thaqi
fertile eggs.
