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About The North Platte semi-weekly tribune. (North Platte, Neb.) 1895-1922 | View Entire Issue (Feb. 7, 1913)
i I r & r - m , , f. iw SVZU1 sm& 4rttlWlx jMuK. f ffC.iTx4 rashc " tcj. iA; v rf v v,r iai . ..arS7MftQv ,-ipji:;yr,wra"i'4fi. i'-:vf'TyieNftirK-' f tta2LZ . '' Jfw Axy if' 'i .. . ' '" .yAif7' ,v A 8 Ed I' " '1fAv. 'tTAy .tfi'OWer. A 1 P' - tLaS dH ;il OTfg.ftf&S jfSfitfsHl !W ssa i TER ISLAND. TEGY OF by MARRY 0. I'Ci.f.J Wir -si t VSSS: .Iv. 3n73t!2SA.Q.. ktiWt---7v." e4S?!SgS3SS6S3a :jisfca5wi!natfiifsiiw. 'F j5tftfSKW a tvwiaiiw'j -7wiir SSB32 eviY ii&iGtfirr tt&jmttartxr, jpax&zar- NC10 ngaln the lumlnoua rays of the explorer aro contorod In the direc tion of Easter Island, tho unsolved mystery of the Pacific. For an other time tho nttentlon of archae ologists and studontu of antiquity la focused on thla llttlo spot, tho moBt easterly of the Polynesian group of lalnnda. Here, In the vast south Pacific ocean, lies this ialo, volcanic In diameter, only 42 Bouaro inlloa In area, a more speck of land, about ono-fourth tho Blzo of Barbados, and yot surroundod by a charm of myBtery poa Jjossod by fow places In tho world. Tho Island merged Into tho clear light of his tory oorly In tho eighteenth century, when It wbh discovered by tho Dutch captain, Jncob Roggo voon, In 1722, IIo gnva-to tho Inland ltn proBont name In commomoratlon of tho day on which laud wan sighted. Some DO years later It wns "rediscovered" by cpmo Spanlah snllorB. From that time to tho present day Easter Island linn been visited, explored, and ntudlcd by noted travolora, BclotitlslB, nnd InvoBtlgntors from all landa, nnd It promises to afford those opportune tleo for expeditions for years to como. Ooographlcftlly considered, It Ilea 27 dogreoB 80 minutes couth of tho equator, bo that It Is not actually within tho tropics. Its position Is about .2,000 rallen from tho mainland of South Amorlca, nnd 1,400 ralloa distant from its nearest neigh bor, tho Pitcalrn Inlands. Within ItB limited area, triangular In ahupo, thero aro throo craters of oxtlnct volcanoos, one of them nearly 2,000 feet high. Somo of tho soil la fertile, and tho Island appeals to havo beon woodod at ono time, for decayed trunks of consldnrnble slzo aro still found; now, however, there thrive only n fow bushes from 10 to 12 feot high. Tho natlveB grow many sorts of tropical fruits. Including bananas, sugar enno, and oweot polaloea. Qoatn, fowl, Bhoep and a fair number of cattlo nro roared by tho fow hundred Inhabitants, tho nolo dwollora of today In that mystic land. The cllmato Is not unllko that of Madeira, with ono wot nnd ono dry neason. Tho water supply cotislata of gome brackish springs by the non3lioro nnd 'pools In ldo tho crntem of tho volcanoes. All In nil, 3howovcr, the Island is considered salubrious and healthful. The chief interest of tho tuland Is to bo found In tho wonderful Btatuoa and other nmnzlng archaeological lemalns. In lis nnirow nnd con ilned oxpaiiBo It cucompnseca : myBtery of vast --proportions an oglmn that has taxed tho In gonully of scientists qulto aa much an did of old rt)jQ fnr-fnmocj rlddlo of tho Sphinx. In this tiny island Is a remnrltablo display of hundreds of sculptured stntuoa, coIobbu! In clzo, and oroctud upon Cyclopean mnBonry; stone houses over 100 jfoel In length with walls six feet In thickness built Tlko forts; and tablets curloualy Inacrlbod with hieroglyphics In no way resembling any thing oIbo In tho world, doubtleaa tho written language of the ancient Inhabitants, but one to which tho koy has beon lost. I Romavkablo no u.U jtf Uioo jylnj nro from tio BtrangonesB o7 Tlielr nppearanco, Uio" gre'atea't In terost andte greatest problem which thoy pro Bent to un la tho story that thoy might toll of tho vanished civilization which erected them. That thoy aro of prohUtorlc origin can not bo quns; Honed, hut who wore tho builders of these won dorful apoclmunst What race of men or giants carved and placed In their present position tho titanic Blono heads thuC stand out In lonely ma jesty amid tho barren wastes of thla lonely llttlo IbIoT Whonco camo theao ancient workers In etouo, and whither havo thoy gono? What tools did thoy ubo to oxecuto thoso singular etntuoB nud buildings, and In what epoch did thoy per form theua curlosttleB? Such fascinating questions nnd many othoro equally . pertinent present themselves to tho etudeut, but, alas, the nmnvcr Is yet to bo hnd. ArchaeologlBla must contlnuo for a while longer to delve among tho enshrouded myBtorles of theso rulno before they can reveal tho true Btory of this world'H wondoiland. At preoent tho chap ters which have boon wrltton on tho miuject nro comparatively fow In number, nnd not conspicu ously definite ln context. Conjecturoa nro as many as thoro nro cxplorora, and tho number of opinions ventured vnrlcit In tho naniu ratio. Prog ress, aa In nil matters of sclonco, la necessarily sloW. Dut lPt us Htop for n moment to oxamlno thoso statues, nnd plutforms, nnd relics, which .havo oxcltod tho atudent'orlQ, and to seo what m&Bimf iriK. ifira IVTl iHl Bl !H.-1 CI VtJP' tm Lfl K. k j" i liHiiM. HH IB m m AIL v MEffl mk bmimku TWZdtzJJi ' ' v. - - f? x KSSA iwi YiirrSsv J vk s? MEN WHO FACE MANY PERILS Surveyors for the U. 8, Aro Often Called Upon to Endanger Their Lives. Washington. Government purvey ors who innko maps out In tho regions where rock walla go straight up and Bomotlmcs ovorhang, often havo to got into positions requiring steady nerves. Onco In n whllo somo ono In tho party gets a photograph which Il lustrates tho ldoa, although usually tho performance In recorded brlofly In tho BUiroyor'B notebook. In ono In stnuco tho present chief goographor of tho United Stntoa geolonlcal survey had to bo tied on to tho cxtrumo npox of n sharp mountain peak in uorthorn California, together with his Instru ments, In ordor to obtain a long Bight In establishing a trlnngulntton sta tion. In another enso It. I). Chapman, now tho superintendent of tho Now Gin cler National park, had to do somo plane-tnblo mhppfng from tho top of Mount ttaptlsto, sitting on a bank of I j " " " Mgg-ui, say ' ' it- u yjCTCSjJ' ' " A6&?JZ IJIJtfW -& thoy nro mado of nnd how thoy were wrought. Uy actual count there havo been found no loss , than 650 of theao ImngeS, most of which are cut out of gray trachltlc lnvn Of this number, 40 nro standing lnoldo tho crater of ono of the vol canoos, and na many more outsldo, nt tho foot of tho slope, where thoy were placed ready for re moval to tho different platforms. Thoso Btntues, morovor, lepresent vnrlotiB stages of formation somo of thorn llnlBhed, others nearly completed, nnd still others barely commenced, In size thoy lango from 3 or 4 foet to nonrly 80 feet in length. Tho largeat Imago, found in an unfinished state, measures 70 foot In length; tho smallest 1b llttlo short of 3 feot In length. Although theso flgurou rnngo In bIzo from tho colossus of 7.0 feet down lo the pigmy of 3 foot, they clearly aro nil of tho uamo typo and gonernl characteristics. Tho head la long and tho oyea close under tho heavy browa; tho noso laigo, low bridged, nnd very broad at tho nostrils; tho uppor Up short, and tho lips pouting. The bond la nearly always tilt ed backward, The lower part of tho fact Is bread and heavy, but Imporfoctly formed, tho oars aro long nnd pendant. Tho forms generally ended at tho Hhouldera or nt tho wnlat, very llttlo work being done below these points. Ono of tho lesser statuoa ban been brought to tho National Museum at "Washington, D. C, whllo nnother la on exhibi tion ut tho British Museum In Loudon. Tho striking featuro about these figures Is tho strango facial expressions described ns "pro foundly solemn," "disdainful," nnd with "look of supercilious scorn." Tho head waa In nil cases rut flat on top to accommodnta an Immenso crown of red vesicular tuff, many of which wcro found at n crater eight miles distant from the cone, where tho statues theniBclvon woro formed. Subsequent discoveries on tho Island have brought to light headdresses of real feathers, mndo up ns crowns, coronets, and other Bhapos. Tho finding of theso feather doco lona which worn used for ceremonial purposes has given strength to tho belief that tho Immenso Btone crowns which wero superimposed on tho bonds of the statues were Intended to represent thoso feathered ornaments. How thoso Immenso nUUuoa wero cut out of tholr poaltlon tnsldo tho crnter of tho volcano nnd transported several mites to their respective plntforma Is one of the mystorlca loft for us to puazle over. As for toola, n rudo form of stone chlBol Is tho only kind of nnctont Implement thus "far found. It la ajpo romnrkablo that of tho many hun dreda of linages scattered throughout tho Island thero In but one that ttnnds In its original posi tion upon n platform, whllo tho others nro hoed losaly Ptvown nbout To somo thl3 fact seems conclusive proof that work on thoso huge pro-i ductlons ceased cuddeuly. Hut what caused tho " work to bo so Bud'uculy arrested? I)Id somo vol canic eruption overtake the Island T Sucliji con Jecturo Ib, lnijjjad, not unrooBonablo, forclosor Investigation l show, that eomo of tho largest Btntues nro burled to the neck In nBh and scoria. Dut who cap bay with certainty? Viewing tho relics on lho Island in their en- i:ixyTimrJfiBnyxiZMit tlrety, howeer, one 1b Impressed with the fact that when they were carried out n large popula tion of eklllt'il men must hnvo concentrated upon the task. Hut where did this large population come from' Wero Easter iBland a continental land with ease of accosB, such an nmplo labor supply might havo been available. Hut Its geo graphic position precludes this possibility. Thero foro another explanation must be sought. Now, nenrly all EtudcntB ngreo upon ono point, nnd thnt Is that tho present territorial limitations of tho placo could not havo harbored a very largo number of Inhabitants. First, thero Is no ade quato water supply; and, secondly, thero Is not tho area from which to win n sufficient food supply. This, then, suggests tho theory, and ono that is open to reasonable refutation, that Eas ter Island Is tho solo remnant of a greater land which waa overwhelmed by the sea after a seri ous seismic disturbance. Another speculation of fered by u noted traveler is of particular Interest because of tho connection which ho endeavors to point out between thoso ruins and those found in the highlands of Peru and Bolivia. This archaeolo gist develops tho theory that the ancient peoples of Easter Island were tho Bame raco that centuries afterwards laid tho foun dations of the empires of tho Incas end the Aztecs. These people, ho contin ues, reached Easter Islaud from the Asian coast by traveling from one island to another across the In tervening ocean nnd finally found tholr way to tho Amorlcnn continent over land that has slnco disappeared beneath tho waters of the Pacific. This theory, Important It true. Is, however, sub ject to objections. In a careful study of tho Malayo-Polyneslan archaeology and languages, embracing a period of nenrly 30 years, the noted botanist and othnologlst, Prof. W. E. Safford, of tho United States department of agriculture makes tho unqualified assertion that lu all his attompts to trace ti connection between tho an cient relics of tho Incas and Aztecs with those of tho Polynesians, he has failed to find sufficient polnta of similarity to Justify oven such a possi ble relation. So tho mystory continues and the origin and workers of Easter Island nro yot tobo learned. Wooden tablets have also been discovered In cised with hieroglyphics. Theso nro of especial interest because of the remarkable aklll with which thoy wero executed. Tho writings read from loft to right; then it la necessary to turn tho tablet upsldo down nnd continue reading from- loft to right, repeating this process until tho Inscription Is concluded. Figures of men, animals, geometric designs, constltuto tho alpha bet. Though theao Incised tablets havo not been deciphered, there 1b n general belief thnt tfiey contain tho ancient myths of tho raco which in habited tho land. Somo assert that It Is not so very long ago that thero woro thoso on the Island Who might have boen ablo to read them. It should bo recalled that up to 1864 there woro several thousand inhabitants on EuBter Island, but largo numbers of thom woro taken from thero and put to work In tho guano diggings on the Chlncha Islands. Among thoso It Is thought thero wore many who know tho wrltton language bb appearing on tho tablets. Rut tho present in habitants, less than 200 In number, know nothing of thom except In n vague way One particular featuro was emphasized by Professor Safford In an Interview which the writ er hnd with him on tho subject of tho language nf tho Island. IIo declnrod that a careful study of tho language of tho modorn natives showa It to bo esisontlnlly Polynesian without nny vestige of foreign domination, but tho moat romarknblo thing is its very closo similarity to tho language of tho Hawnllnna. Nearly nil of tho words, by certain fixed laws or changes, could be converted from tho Easter lslnud language to that of Hawaii with similar meanings; oven somo of tho ancient gods of Eastor Island bear tho snmo names na Hawaiian gods. And yot there has beon no connection between these two islands, nt least not In historic times, and what la Rtrnngrr still, thoso two groupa nro noparatod from each othor by nn Interval of 2,000 mllca. This unuBual constancy In tho langungo" of both Ib probably duo to tho fact thnt thoy had no near neighbors and no Intrusions of people speaking a inngungo different from their own Ho also expressed tho opinion that tho enrvers of tho images woro the ancestors of- tho modem In habitants, and that all tho elements of tho arch neology of tho Islands except tho woudorful hieroglyphics aro characteristically Polynesian. Robert B. Chapman Map Making From Summit of Mt. Baplctc. snow and Ico which overhung tho mountain and which If it had slid off would -havo precipitated him down ward half a mllepr so. In another caso a topographic engineer climbed out on a gnarled tree in order to get n sight past a Jutting rock and set up his plane-tnblo ou its forked limbs. With all the chances that have been taken by tho mon of tho geological survey during the past 30 yeara In cvory stnte In tho Union and Alaska In mountains. In canyons and in swamps, no member of the survey has over been klllod and few seriously Injured, though thero lias been come narrow escapes. BANNER YEAR FOR BABIES Statistics 8how That While Number of Blrthn Increased 1,081, Deaths Wero 884 Lower In New York. New York. Whatever othor vicissi tudes lt may havo passed through during tho last year, Now York found 1012 a banner year for babies. Not only wcro moro infants bore during the last twolve months, but a smal ler percentage of thom died than over beforo. Indeed, the figures covering Infant mortality constltuto tho most remarkable feature of tho city's rec ord noalth year. Whllo tho general death rate was reduced during the year from 1G.13 por cent to 14.11 per cent, or a llttlo more than 1 per cent, tho rato for Infants under ono year was roduced C per cent Thero wero during tho year 14,289 deaths of babies under ono year of age from all causes in tho city of New York, as compared with 15,053 deaths during 1911. At tho snmo time the number of births in tho city Increased by 1,081. In this ratio, tho figures show a saving of 84 babies and an actual saving of 764. An analysis of the report contain ing theso figures Indicates that tho Improvement In tho saving of baby life was not duo to luck or weather conditions, but to tho campaign which has boen carried on against baby diseases. TO STUDY PROBLEM i BUREAU OP 80CIAL HYGIENE la EXPLAINED BY JOHN D. ROCKEFELLER, JR. WAS FOUNDED TWO YEARS AGO Bon of Retired Oil Magnate Describes -, tho Origin, Work and Proposed Plana for tho Investigation of Vice J- Condltlona. HANDBAGS FOR LONDON MEN Paris Dandles Hear Leather Creation Contained Cigarette Caso and Oxford Bible. Paris, France. Tho world of Paris- inn dandles, whoso cxlstenco is occu pied with caricaturing tho English nnd American masculine fashions; has been greatly agitated by the nows that a fow days ago a well known "elegant" was seen In Piccadilly, not with a poppy or a Illy, but a leather handbag hanging from his loft arm. and waB further seen to enter a storg. and Btow away his trifling purchnsea In hla reticule, which contained, as permanont fittings, a cigarette caso, matches, a purso, a knife and an Ox ford Bible. Tho latest whim of feminine eccen tricity, as a counterpoise to tho mas culine handbag, Is tho Introduction of diamond studded shoe heels. A well known dancer Is responsible for this ldoa. Her dream, it appears, la to abandon shoes for sandals, so that Bho may bo able to adorn her feet with rings In tho classical mnnner, but ns this seems Impracticable In tho muddy Paris streets eho 13 consid ering a compromise in tho shapo of bodlnmond heels. Her suggestion, which is believe'd to have had a trans atlantic inspiration, has been welcom ed with a chorus of approval lu the atrical circles. Now York, Jan. 27. In order that lho public might bottor understand tho Bureau of Social Hrgleno, John '' D. Itockefellor, Jr., on Monday gave jut a statement explaining tho origin, work and plnns of that lnatltutlon. Tho bureau, ho said, camo Into oxlsteaco ibout two yenrs ago as a result of tho tfork of a special grand Jury ap pointed to Investigate tho white slavo traffic In Now York city. This Jury focommonded that a public commls lion bo appointed to otudy tho social ivll. Mr. Bockofellor wns foreman of lint grand Jury and he thereafter tavo tho BUbJcct deep thought and , lonforred with a largo number of lead lig mon and women. "Theso confer- " inces," says Mr. Rockefeller, "devbl- I pod tho feeling that a public commls lion would lnbor under a numbers of disadvantages, such as tho fact-that r It would be short lived; that Its work ivould bo dono publicly; that at best t could hardly do moro than pro- " lent recommendations. So tho con Hctlon grow thnt in order to make a teal and lasting Improvement In con flltlons, a permanent organization ' Hiould bo created, the continuation of which would not bo dependent upon a temporary wave of reform, nor upon , the life of nny man or group of men, -uut which would go on, generation after generation, continuously making warfare against tho forces of evil. It nlso appeared that a prlvnto orgaulza- tion would have, among other advan tages, a certain freedom from public- " y and from political bins, which n publicly appointed commission could not so easily avoid. "Therefore as the initial step, In tho winter of 1911 tho Bureau of So cial Hyglone was formed. ItB pres ent members aro Miss Katharine Bern ent Davis, superintendent of tho New ' York state Reformatory for Women at Bodford Hills, N. Y.; Paul M. War burg, of the firm of Kuhn, Loeb & Co.; Starr J. Murphy, of tho New York bar, and John D. Rockefeller, Jr. As the work develops now members may bo added. "Ono of the first things undertaken by the "'bureau wns tho establishment at Bedford Hills, adjacent to tho re formatory, of a laboratory of Boclal ' nygieno, ucaer wiss DavlB' direction.' In this laboratory it is proposed to study from tho physical, mental, social and moral sldo each person committed to the reformatory. This Btudy will .be carried on by experts and each cane will bo kept under observation for from three weeks to threo months, ns may bo required. When the diag nosis Is completed, it Is hoped that tho laboratory will be in position to rec ommend the treatment most likely to reform the Individual, or. If reforma tion Is Impossibly to recommend per manent custodial caro. Furthermore, reaching out beyond tho individual lhvolved, It Is believed that thus Im portant contributions may bo mado to a fuller knowledgo of tho conditions ultimately responsible for vice. If this experiment is successful tho prim clplo may provo appllcablo to nil classes of criminals and tho conditions precedent to crime, and lead to lines -of action, not only moro scientific nnd humane but also less wasteful than thoso at present followed." That Ha work might bo dono lntelll gently tho bureau employed George J. Kneeland to make a comprehensive survey of vice conditions in New York, and Abraham Flexner to study tho Boclal evil in Europe, nnd their reports aro now being prepared. These studies will bo followed by others in various American cltleB, and It Js tho hopo of tho bureau that, based upon all of them, may be devised a prac tical plan for deallne with tho social evil. In conclusion Mr. Rockefeller's statement says: "It cannot be too strongly emphasized that the spirit which dominates tho work of tho bu reau Ib not sensational or sentimen tal or hysterical; that it la not a spirit of criticism of publlo officials; but that it Is essentially a nplrlt of con structive suggestion and of deep sci entific as well as humane lntorest la a great world problem." Foundl An Honest Conductor. Pittsburg, Pa. A former Btreet car conductor "returned ?100 to tho com pany which ho said was "conscience monoy." Aged Couple Are Wedded. Los Angeles, A marrlago Uconso has been Issued to Mrs. Marcellna Ellsalda, 105, and Plensanto Leon, eighty. Fifteen Hurt In I. C, Wreck. Kankakee, III., Jan. 27.Flfteen per sons were injured on tho Daylight pedal of thojlllnols Cnntral, n, mils and a half north of Molvln. Friday af ternoon, when the entlro train, except" mo engine, joit mo track at 4 p. in. No ono was fatally Injured. Speaker Shurtloff nnd Representative Ryan of the Thirtieth district werd on tho train. Congressman Smith Dead. Los Angeles, Cal., Jan. 28. Con greBBman Sylvester Clnrk Smith of the Elshth district of California, died here Into Sunday afternoon. Heart failure was tho Immediate cause of tho 3tatea-. man's death. Confesses to Bank Thefts. Donver, Colo, Jan. 28. Amoa W. Grant, receiving teller of tho Pioneer Stato bank and son of a director of the Institution, confessed Sunday that he stole tl,910 In caeh from the vaults ot the bank. 5 IV - 8 " - Ji , iv-w a & v'W iZl '&,."$ j ' i 3- rl - i 3-3 "4 -it" r-- JS -JH.J h -rlrt-rr-r -,- ."j- ',r. -iVU1 feS"-"- ",& .tei """ wit1 I'JwaiaSkg 1