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About The North Platte semi-weekly tribune. (North Platte, Neb.) 1895-1922 | View Entire Issue (March 16, 1900)
SOCIETY AT THE CAPITAL. Marguerite Matthews In Now England Homo Magazine. Ono of tho most remarkable things about society at tho National Capital 1b tho fact that an ofllclal social code is operative for tho guldanco of tho principal officers of tho government and their wives nt social and diplomat ic functions. It Is a thing which tha ordinary everyday mortal can scarce ly concelvo of, and yet It Is true, nev ertheless. For years this deficiency caused endless controversy and worry In diplomatic and ofllclal ltfo, and at various times, there was correspond ence between tho United States and other countries, to say nothing of dis agreements between members of tho Cabinet and high officials generally. In the administration of President Harrison tho Secretary of Stato, Mr. Foster, had prepared for his own guld anco by a clerk of tho Stato Depart ment from tho best established prcco- MISS ISABELLE A Lcador at Washington dents, a guide, as authoritative as pos sible, to propor ofllclal conduct In Washington functions. This memo randum, though incomplete, was used by Mr. nnd Mrs. Foster, and was hand ed to Mr. Olnoy when Mr. Clovoland camo Into power. Mr. Olnoy declined to havo It mado public, and although ho himself used it tor his own informa tion, ho refused to glvo it official rec ognition. And yet, thcro Is no really official sanction to thlsisot of rulos, but they havo been followed for eight or ton jcars by tho vnrlous Secretaries of Stato, and thus, by usage, claim the right to official recognition. Shortly after President McKluloy camo into power there uroso a con troversy between tho lato Vlco Presi dent Hobart and Sir Julian Paunco foto, tho British Ambassador, as to which of them preceded tho other at social and diplomatic functions. Tho argument becamo so heated that. Sec retory Hay received a personal let ter from Mr. McKtnloy asking him to obtain from tho proper English au thorities a definition of tho stand ing and rank of Sir Julian from tho point of view of the social authori ties of his own government. It de veloped that tho Ilrltlsh authorities did not consider Sir Julian's conten tion propor, and a nolo was dispatch ed to him with tho result that next morning tho Ambassador called upon the Vlco President at his homo, and tho matter was amicably Bottled Under President Clovoland tho Vlco President, Stovonson, declined to assert his prerogative, and when tho men met tho Vlco President gavo way. Thero wob much correspond ence, and tho matter was finally com proiinccd. At tho houso of a foreign or tho Secretary of Stato took nrcco deneo at dinners' and at tho houso of an American tho highest foreign ofllc ial had tho placo ofiionor. It Is interesting to know that tho codo of official prccodency nt present used in Washington Is based mainly upon an act of Congress, approved Jan 19, 1806, providing for tho succession in tho -event of tho disability of both tho President and Vlco President of tho United States. Tho order of precedonco Is aB fol lows: Tho Presldont, tho Vlco Presl dent, Ambassadors of foreign Powors In tho order of their formal recognl tlon by the government, tho Secrotary of State, tlio Secretary of War, tho Attorney General, tho Postmaster Gen eral', tho Secretaries of Navy, Interior nnd Agrlculturo, tho Chief Justice of the United States, tho Assoclato Jus ttces in order of appointment, tho Gov ernors or the States of tho Union in order of their admission, and so on through tho list of Senators and Rep reseatatives, in order of their election down to tho Assistant Secretaries of tho various departments, In tho samo order as heads of departments. Tho ordor of precedence for ladles of tho ofllclal circlo Is tho samo as that provided for tho officials themselves. In enscs where tho officials are unmar ried their nearest relative, should sho prcsldo over tho household, has by courtesy tho prccedcnco which would be given tho wlfo of tho offlclnl. At functions given by tho ofllclals of for eign Governments at the Capital the wlfo of tho Secretary of Stato takes prcccdenco over tho wives of Ambas sadors, Including tho wlfo of tho Dean of tho Diplomatic Corps. Custom docs not require that the wlfo of tho President should return official calls, except In tho caso of visiting royalty. Sho may limit her calls to personal friends. It Is expected that tho wives of foreign Ambassadors should make tho first official call upon DU BOIS. . Society Functions. MISS MARIE BAGLEY. (Sister of tho lato Ensign Worth Bagloy, Promtnont In Washington Social Gatho rings.) tho wlfo of tho Vlco President. This is also true In tho case of tho wives of tho Assoclato Justices of tho Supremo Court, tho wlv.es of mombers of tho Cabinet, of Senators and Representa tives, as woll as tho wife of tlio Major General commanding tho army. Conversely social etiquette has do crecd that tho wives of Representa tives Bhould make the first cnll upon tho wlvca of Senators, ns well as upon tlio wives of mombers of tho Cabinet, of Foreign Ministers, tho wlfo of the Chief Justice of tho Assoclato Justices, tho wlfo of tho Major General com manding tho army, and tho wlfo of tho Admiral of (ho Navy. The wife of a newly electol Representative to Con- grcss makes tho Initial call upon the wives of tho Representatives already in office. WOLVES AND DEARS That Inhabited the Yellowstone VnrU, as Seen by a Traveler. Ernest Scton Thompson, the author and naturalist, gavo some thrilling stories of animal ltfo in his talk on "Somo Animals I Have Known," tho other night at tho Pcabody Instltuto, in tho course of lectures given by tho Public School Teachers' Association. An Interesting part of tho address was tho lecturer's imitation of tho calls and cries of tho different animals. Mr. Thompson told somo of tho comedies and tho tragedies, tod, of animal llfo. Ono of tho latter was tho story of "Noblo," tho king of tho pack of wolves who for five years wore supremo In a section of New Mexico! Noble resisted every effort to kill or capture him. Poisoned bait, traps, had no affect on him, but at last ho wna brought low MRS. SENATOR MARTIN OF VIRGINIA. Another Leader in Capital Society. through his affection for his little gid dy mato, who wimdored around and got caught in a trap. Whllo search ing for her ho was caught himself. All night long ho called, but sho did not come. Food and drink wero placod near him, after ho had boon taken from tho trap. Ho refused thorn and died, It Is bollovod, of his grlof for tho loss of his mato. Several Interesting stories wore told of Mr. Thompson's special friends, tho boars In tho Vol lowstono Park. To study them moro closely, Mr. Thompson wont to tho gathering placo of tho band, tho gar bage dump near ono of the hotels. The bears were rather shy, and romatned away at too great a dlstanco for satis factory study. So ho took tho rather novel method of seeing them at shorter range by digging a hole In tho dump, setting his camera and his sketch books squarely on somo old cracker boxes and then covering himself again with tho refuse. In this maloJorous holo ho remained all day. Ho took several pictures, made a number of sketches of tho bears who camo to feast on tho remnants of canned goods and other delicacies found In tho dump. Ho watched with much Interest and somo anxiety a "scrap" between a mother bear and a big grizzly. Mr. Thompson was entirely unarmed. Whllo tho fight was going on tho lit tle cub apparently o typical soro head was watching tho fight from a placo of safety In a treo. The branch to which ho hung was directly over Mr. Thompson's hole. If It had brokon Mr. Thompson would have not been alono In his retreat. The grizzly bear got the better in tho fight nnd tho mother bear and tho cub withdrew. Tho samo grizzly went too near tho hotel ono day and attempted to take pos session. Ono of tho attendants tele phoned to headquarters for permission to shoot tho animal the law ngalnst shooting tho animals In tho parks Is rigidly enforced. Thq answer came back, "Against tho law to shoot. Use a hose." Tho hoso was used. Tho bear retreated. SYLVESTER ABEND. A I'rctty'Cmtom Observed In Ilerlln to Welcome In tlio New Year. It was with much pleasant anticipa tion wo awalfd tho approach of "Syl vester Abend," a3 they call Now Year's ovo In Germany. About 10 o'clock, sup per being ended.wo all adjourned to the pnrlor, whoro they danced until almost midnight. Then refreshments wero served. Theso consisted of queer little cakes mado especially for the holiday season.apples, nuts and Derllner pfan- Kuchon, which aro perfectly delicious. Tho latter look llko largo hrown doughnuts coverod with sugar: on opening them they nre found to ho filled with Jam. Our Christmas treo was relighted, having, been furnished with now candles. The ringing of the bolls announced tho beginning of tho Now Year. Guns wero flred. and from tho church lofts bugles Bounded, La tor all tho windows wero flung wldo open, and standing within them tho people hold up their glasses and yelled out, "Prosit Noujahr" to every ono who passed by. People on tho street called In to us; oven tho Droschky coachmen, as they drove by, called out "Prosit Noujahr." Of all tho protty customs In Germany I thought this tho prettiest. Not only to your friends do you wish a happy now year, but to all. At a window In the house oppo site stood a lady dressed In white; be hind her was tho brightly lighted room with Its Christmas tree. Smiling and holding up her glass sho called over to us, "Prosit Noujahr." Never again did I see tho lady of that houso, but a pleasant recollection of her nlways lin gers in my mind. Bessie Burnslde, In tho January Woman's Homo Com panlou. Scarlet Fever Shun the Trnploj. A medical paper directs attention to the curious fact thatscarlct fever has never been observed In an epidemic form In tho tropical or sub-troplcnl re gions of Asia or Africa. Tlio Bait of the Ocean, Tho ocean, it is estimated, contains 7,000,000 cubic miles of salt, nnd If It could bo taken out at onco tho level of tho water would not drop an Inch, LABOR AND INDUSTRY SOME ITEMS OF INTEI1EST TO UNION WORKMEN. The Bilk Inilmtrr Why We Cantint rrodace Itarr Bilk Where tho Negro Find an Opening Tho Italian! Are Coming Industrial Notts. Home, Swret Homo, (Old Favorite Series.) "Home, Sweet Home," was written by John Howard Payr.c, one dreary day In October, 1822, In Turin, far from Ills own home, and In poor Ircumstances. Payne was born In Now York City, June 9. 1792, nnd was designed by his father for a mercantile career, but he abandoned com merce nnd became an actor. Ho contin ued to act In different parts of tho coun try, and was llkowlso a. contributor to New York papers and Journal. He went to London to try for a favorable verdict from a HrltUh audience. Thero he met for a tlmo with success; but ho soon abandoned the stage nnd took to writing or adapting plays, "Home, Sweet Homo" appeared In one of these plays, nn oper atic drama called, "Clnrl, the Maid of Milan," and when sung at tho covent Garden Theater by Miss Ann Maria Treo tn 1823 nt oiico took Its place ns the most popular song of the day. Nor has Its popularity ever shown sign of diminish ing. The nlr Is usually regarded ns an adaptation of a Sicilian one, which had appeared In n collection of national melo dies published home years before; but Mr. Charles M Helens', tho poet, In a com munication to the press somo years ago, stated that tho composer whs Sir Henry nisiiop. Sir Henry wan the editor or tno volumes of national melodies referred to, nnd not being nblc to find a Sicilian one, ho wrote one himself, nnd called It Si cilian : and subsequently adapted It to the words of "Homo, Sweet Home." As Mr. Mnckay's Information wns obtained from Sir Henry himself, his statemont must be regarded ns conclusive. John Howard Payne returnod to tho United States In 1S32, nnd was employed as n writer on the press and a play writer, until he was appointed United States Consul nt Tunis', whore ho died In 1652. Thirty years later his remains wero removed to Oak cemetery, Washington, where they now rest. Tho song us It ap peared in the play consisted of but two stanzas, and as usually sung Includes them only (the first and third) aj given below. Mid pleasures and palaces though we may roam. Dc It ever so humble, there's no place llko home: A charm from the sklos seems to hallow us there. Which, reek thro' tho world, Is no'er met with elsewhere. Home, home, sweet, sweet home, There's no place like homo, Oh, there's no place llko home. I gaze In the moon as I tread tho drear wild. And feel that my mother now thinks of her child; As she looks on that moon from our own cottage door. Thro' the woodbine whoso fragrance shall cheer me no more. Home, home, sweet, sweet homo, There's no place like home. Oh, there's no place UUo home. An exile from home, splendor dazzles In vnln: Oh, give mo my lowly thatched cottago again: The btrdB singing gaily, that came at my call: Give mo them, nnd that peace of mind, nearer than all. Home, home, sweet, sweet home, There's no place llko home. Oh, there's no placo like homo. The 811k Indnstrjr. Today the United States makes 85 per cent of tho silk It consumes. Do mestic products supply tho whole mar ket except that for tho finest products of tho hand loams of France and Swit zerland. Imports of raw and spun silk for the last fiscal year wero 10,500,000 pounds, valued at ?32,735,4G4. Tho raw silk comes from Franco, Italy, Austria, Spain, China, Japan, India, and tho Levant. It is In hanks or twists of tho filament as It has boon reeled from the cocoons. Bach thread of thcze skeins Is composed of flvo of tho original filaments, cemented into ono by tho hardening of tho gummy envelope of the filaments after theso leavo the basins of warm water In which the cocoons are put to bo un wound. Tho preparation of the silk for tho looms Is called throwing, and this consists of about n dozon distinct operations. The first of these Is put ting tho twist of raw silk on a reel and winding It off upon spools, turn by turn. Then comes tho combining and twisting of the filaments into threads of various kinds. An Idea of the in tricacy and labor Involved In Just this part of tho operation may be gathered from tho fact that a thread of ordinary sewing silk contains about 200 fila ments of tho silk as the worm spun It, Every part of theso operations must either be dono by hand or watchod continuously, for tho silk thread is built up entirely of continuous flla ments. Although tho silk throwing, spinning and weaving muls form tno foundation of tho Industry In this country, and their products for this year will probably amount to $100, 000,000 or more, this Is by no means tho whole of tho benefit which tho country derives from them nor the ex tent to which they glvo occupation to workmen or capitalists. Around this central Industry cluster thoso of tho dyer, printer nnd finisher, the makers of machinery, tho dealers In raw silk and In the manufactured goods uml many cognato businesses. How much theso all represent tn capital and hands employed It would be difficult to estimate, but In the various direct In dustries of producing ribbons, broad goods, sowing silks and twist, tlo silks, hat bands, knit goods and laces, fringes, braids und trimmings, some thing llko ?20,000,000 Is now invested, nnd closo to 100,000 hands aro employ ed. Rough speaking, about 50 per cent In value of tho silk product is In broad goods, 25 por cent in ribbons and perhaps 10 per cojit In sewing silks and twists, loavlng 15 per cont for the varied products of tho other factories No attempts to rear the silk worm and produce raw silk have boon flnan dally successful In tho United States. Silk, from tho first branch of Its pro ductlon, is essentially prodigal of labor and an article of luxury. It Is do clarcd by an export that It takwi mora time to build a spool of silk twist than it does to build a modern locomo tive, and during much of this tlmo eomo one's hands must be employed In the operations. It Is tho amount of tlmo usod In ratelng and tending tho silk worms and reeling off tho fila ments of tho cocoons that has defeated each attempt to introduce silk raising as nn Industry lu this country, and will probably conttnuo to defeat Its successful Introduction. Of lato Penn sylvania has become a great sllk- wcavlng stato, manufacturers at tho original centers having found It desir able to scatter tholr plants, In order to moro readily obtain girl and child labor at low wages. Today, of the 861 establishments In tho country, Now Jorsey has 257, New York 228, and Pennsylvania 172, but In tho list of looms and spindles required for tho equipment of now mills In 1S03 Penn sylvania led with 1,255 looms out of a total of 2,340, and 27,000 spindles out of a total of 63,000, and there aro silk fac tories In moro than fifty Pennsylvania towns. Another field whero silk manufac turing may become nn important in dustry Is Just being exploited by a Now York city house. Within a month or two a mill has been put In operation In Fayettevllle, N. C, by the Ashley & Bailey Manufacturing Company, in which It Is their Intention to uso young negro labor exclusively. Tho mill has been provided with compotent toachors and already from seventy-flvo to 100 hands aro at work, led by tho first pu pil, a jMung negro nroachor. Tho pro jectors of tho enterprise bellovo that tho young peoplo of tho negro race aro well adapted to acquiring the manual dexterity needed for silk handling, and If this proves true thoy will go on and build other mills as hands become available. Tho present mill will em ploy 350 hands nnd will do spinning nnd broad-silk weaving. The Italian Aro Coining, Mr. T. V. Powdcrly, Federal Immi gration commissioner, looks forward to a trcmondoii3 Influx of foreigners this year. During tho fiscal year ending, Juno 30, 1899, there arrived 311,715, oC these, nearly 100,000 were from South ern Europe, and the increaso among Italians in 1898 was 20,000. This year it promises to bo even greater. In tho last annual report of tho New York Bureau of Labor Statistics, Commis sioner McMackln makes, and quotes from othor sources, somo interesting matter on immigration, and also com ments of trades unions on tho effect which this enormous increaso to out foreign-born population has on wages. Commissioner McMackln says: "To economic reasons in general may be attributed tho large immigration of re cent years. Tho Improved facilities nowadays for transportation across tho ocean mako it an easy matter for peoplo to change their homes. The foreign agents of steamship companies have induced thousands to Immigrate through their alluring advertisements to the effect that employment was steadier here, with more remunerative wages; that lands wero cheaper and tho opportunities for procuring homes were far better than in auy other coun try." Mr. Joseph Powderly, a member of the Federal commission, which, la 189J, investigated tho causes of emigra tion from Europe, said in his report to tho Secretary of tho Treasury: "Tho swamps of Florida, tho mountainous region and alkali beds of tho West anrt Northwest look as woll on paper as If made up of tho most fertile lands; and when tho exceedingly low price ot theso lands Is advertised, it need not be wondered nt that tho tldo of emigra tion to tho United States becomes more rapid and swollen. On reaching tho United States and discovering tho real nature of the swindle, thero Is only ono thing for the emigrant to do turn to tho already crowded manufacturing center to look for employment." Industrial Notes. Philadelphia has 193 trado .unions. St. Paul (Minn.) employing painters favor a shorter workday. Chicago electrical mechanics will de mand ?4 per day after tho first of April. Twolvo hundred clgarmakers In Bos ton, Mass., huvo struck for higher wages. Louisville, Ky union carpenters havo secured an advance of thirty rents per day for tho year 1900. Nearly all tho 'national trades union organizations roport largo increases lu membership during January. An Increase of twelvo per cent in tho wages of 400 weavers in tho laco mills of Wllkcsbarre, Prv, Is an nounced. South Carolina cotton weavers who went to Pawtucket, R. I., refused to go to work when they found they wero wanted to take tho place of strlkors. Tho Berwlno-Whlto Coal Company, of eastern Pennsylvania, has announc ed an Increase in the wages of its 30, 000 employes, to go ito effect April 1. Tho shipbuilding yards In San Fran cisco and Pugct Sound are so crowded with work that many ownors havo been forced to send orders for vessels to England. Tho Bricklayers' union of Denver, Col., has notified the contractors that they will demand 62 cents nn hour nnd tho eight-hour day and n Saturday half holiday. Tho Philadelphia United Labor League will employ an agent to pro cure evldcnco of violations of tho city eight-hour lnw by contractors and oth ers doing municipal work. Wants to do Ahrontl. Jonea "Dear mel Why aren't you for expansion T" Johnson "Because I don't want to stay at home all the tlmo! It wo keep on expanding there won't be any 'abroad' to go to.'V Konsas City lBdpndtst T