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DAKOTA CITY HERALD
JOHN H. REAM, Publisher.
DAKOTA CITY,
NEBRASKA.
THE BORROWING HABIT.
Humanity Is amicted with Bomo ex
ceedingly bad habits, ono of tho
fcorst of which Is that of borrowing
money In smnjl ums. It Id as dc
moralizing as Intemperance. Indeed.
It Is often nn accompaniment of that
vice, perhaps tho cause of It or per
haps tho effect. A man who lacks
business perception, who Is doflclcnt
In the matter of making adequate pro
vision for his needs, who does nol
calculate carefully, and who spends
unwisely on luxuries, starts to raising
funds by appealing to his friends.
Tho lending of money Is ono of the
vital factors In business, which 1b
largely done on credit. Dut the lend
ing of money individually, without be
curlty, without interest, Just as a
personal accommodation between
friends, Is one of tho most unbusi
nesslike and demoralizing of prac
tices. At first these loans are repaid
conscientiously, says tho Washington
Star. Then tho tlmo goes by and the
borrower Is slow about refunding.
After a while he grows accustomed
to asking lodes his shame, gets cal
lous to tho thought of non-payment
and thus drifts Into the habit of petty
borrowing. Now It Is perhaps a quar
ter or a half dollar, or some othor
trifling sum that the lender would be
perfectly willing to give In a good
causo to meet a real emergency,
without hope of return. Rut thoro Ib
MwayB tho suspicion that tho money
Is not renlly needed, eavo for somo
self-indulgence. Tho avorago man
will hcsltato about giving in this wny
when ho feels that tho monoy Is go
ing for drink, and that Is why or
ganized charity haB como to bo bo
generally supported In these times
Victoria Cross Stories
6tf Allien Stephens
7HC fflDSWAy CO.
t.
In Now England, Now Jorsoy and
tomo othor thickly settled sections of
the castorn part of tho United States
what are known a8 fnrm colonics nto
multiplying. ThoBo agricultural col
onics aro gonorally made up of foreign-born
peoples who como from tho
samo district in Italy, Ilusstn or Hun
gary. Farming areas of 1,000, 2,000
and Bomotlmes 3,000 acres aro pur
chased and divided up Into ton and
twenty aero allotments. On each of
theso Bmall farms a family settles
and engages in the growing ot fruits
and garden vegetates for tho supply
of tho larger eastorn cities, says tho
Baltimore American. Many , aban
doned New England farms aro thus
being roatored to productive usage.
Quito recently a 1,000-ncro tract of
land in Cocll county, located along
tho Chesapoako and Delaware Canal,
near Chcsapeako City, has been pur
chased for a Polish farm colony. This
land Is to bo cut up Into ten-acro al
lotments, or into about oiio hundred
small farms, upon which ag many
families will locato. Tho colony, It
will bo obsorved, is about midway bo
tween Haiti moro and Philadelphia,
and is In easy communication with
both cities by wntnr routo, as woll as
by rail. Maryland has inviting Induce
ments for .many such colonics. In
southern Maryland largo nreas suit
able for cutting Into email farms may
be obtained at comparatively low cost.
This land. In most instances, is splen
didly adapted to tho growing of fruits
and vegetables. Tho soil Is qf far bet
ter avorago quality than tho sandy
soil of Now Jersey. Upon ton acres
of land farmed Intensively not only a
living can be made, but ultimate af
fluence may bo attained.
A woman in Philadelphia Is being
sued for breach of promise, nor loss
being appraised at: $5,000. Whon it is
known that sho Is an exceptionally
good cook, particularly of tho dishes
so loved ot tho Fatherland, it Ib not to
bo wondered at that tho Jlltod one's
anguish Is not to bo assuaged at a
lowor flguro in theso tlmos when good
cooks Rr r.o expensive, not to ey
rarA and hard to keep.
The shaving pf pot dogs and cats
In hot weather by solicitous ownors,
as reported to be s fnd this Bummer,
will doubtless bring tho usunl Btonn
of sarcasm and protests from the
critical contingency who think that
consideration for animals is logically
Incompatible with sympathy for
human suffering.
"A widower of sixty-two with $8.
000,000 Beoks a brldo of twenty, with
blond hair, bluo oyes and rosy
cheeks." Doing a widower and thero
foro wise, It will bo useless for any
of the chemical variety to apply,
It may have boon noticed that with
the usual courngo of masculinity at
tacking a feminine stronghold the
broadsides on tho hobblo skirt opened
up fire- after It had boon announcod
that tho target Itself was going out
Df fashion, anyhow.
In spite of tho advance of science, It
will be somo tlmo bctoro flying as n
means of travel bocomes genoral. Tho
iverngo citizen does not relish flirting
pvlth the undertaker.
T IS simply a bit of
bronze, cast In tho ahnpe
of n Maltese cross, ono
and one-half Inches In
diameter, and worth
about nino cents In our
monoy ribbon included.
And yet, up to date, flvo
hundred and fifty-two
British subjects havo
omtrtod what seemed to
bo certain and oudden
death in order that they might wear
ono of these bits of bronze and be
como privileged to nppend tho lotters
"V. C." to tholr names; and ot these,
fifteen nover lived to enjoy their hon
orsthey died to win.
When Queen Victoria Instituted tho
Order of tho Victoria Cross by, her
Royal Warrant of January 29, 1850, It
Is moro than likely that she was In
spired by tho Immortal Chargo ot tho
Light Brigade at Balaklava somo two
years before. At any rate, she felt
that a now naval and military order
was hooessary In order to distinguish
thoso bravo men who, by their valor,
particularly signalized themselves du
ring tho Crimean war.
Nothing save "tho merit of con
spicuous bravery gives claim for tho
decoration, and It must bo evinced by
somo signal act of devotion or valor
In tho preaenco of tho enemy."
It would bo a hard matter to decldo
which particular deed out of tho flvo
hundred nnd twenty-two was tho no
blest. In fact, In somo Instances tho
cross was awarded for a scries of gal
lant actions on tho part of a slnglo In
dividual, each act worthy of a V. C. It
self. This fact tends to complicate tho
difficult If not Imposslblo task of mak
ing a selection. True, somo of tho
docda which won a cross have been
moro spectacular than others. Thus
tho larcers, hur.sars, and dragoons
who earned a V. C. during the brief
but mcmorablo Chargo of tho Light
Brlgado at Balaklava will, In all prob
ability, be better known to posterity
than tho civilian clork "Lucknow"
Kavanagh, tho bravo Irishman who
earned a Victoria Cross by his won
derful daring In leaving Lucknow with
dispatches and pluus, picking hla way
through a country Infested by 00,000
vigilant, murderous Sepoy troopors,
that aid might bo summoned to tho
besieged city.
Tho Indian mutiny was In full
awing. Early In 1857 tho mysterious
chapatls of utileavoned bread had been
passed from village to village, togeth
er with tho Sinister mcBaage, "Every
thing will becomo red." Misled by
treacherous and designing nattvo
princes, tho Sepoys had turned upon
the English.
Fresh from Hongkong after tho
news of tho outbreak at Moerut, H. M.
S. Shannon disembarked a body of
bluejackets at Calcutta and all haste
was mado to tho relief of tho English
gnrrlson at Cawnporo. Sir William
Peel, who had gained distinction and
A V. C. during tho Crimean war, was
In commnnd of tho bluojackets; and
among tho latter was ono William
Hall, a negro captain of tho forctop
who had seen service In tho Crimea.
Pulling tlKilr 24-poundcra over tho
rough roads, tho navnl brigade Joined
Havolock's relieving column, nnd ev
ery nerve was strained to reach Cawn
poro In time, for It was known that
about six hundred Europeans woro
cooped up In tho city, Including many
EnglUh women jtnd children.
Cawnporo was reached upon the
10th of July, and a crushing blow
dealt tho bloodthirsty hosts ot tho un
peakablo Nana 8ahlb. But tho ef
fort was wasted In tho main, for
scarcely twenty-four hours beforo,
wlillo llavelock's column was within a
day's march, tho massacre which star
tled tho cttlllzod world had been per
petrated. Four hundred-odd men had
surrendered, owing to tho blunder of
a aenllo o&d weak-kneed general, and
more than two hundred , women and
children had boon loft to the mercies
of the fiendish too under Nana Sahib.
The men of tho garrison had been
cruelly decoyed to their deaths wan
tonly shot down In cold blood aftor
tho surrender, several weeks beforo
tho arrival ot General Havelock and
his men. Tho women and children
had been triumphantly Inspected by
Nana Sahib and then locked up in a
gloomy chamber. There they were
kept for Bomo time, during which tholr
numbers were swelled by tho nrrlval
of fresh prisoners to a total of two
hundred nnd eighteen. The Nana had
been In no hurry to slaughter them,
but the near approach of tho aveng
ing forces hastened his action, and on
the 16th ot July his edict went forth
for tho massacre.
The Nana commanded tho Sepoys to
shoot through tho windows Into tho
closely packed masses of women, but
even tils men, hardened as thoy were
to their lcador's atrocities, could not
bring themselves to murder tho wo
men and children In cold blood. They
contented themselves with firing a sln
glo volley over their heads. But othor
less scrupulous Instruments were
quickly found, nnd flvo brutal-looking
natives, each armed with a glittering
tulwar, cutored the crowded chamber
and closed tho door behind them.
To tho llstoners outsldo camo the
ound ot low waitings, ot running
feet, and the dull thuds of tho butch
ers' swords.
To picture tho scene within tho
room would baffle tho Imagination of
Danto. Tho mind rocolls from a sceno
at onco so hideous and appalling.
Tho next morning the bodlos wera
taken out, stripped, and thrown Into n
woll. In many tho spark of Ufo still
lingered, but living and dead woro re
morselessly fcast together Into tho pit.
Tho horror of HI With Havelock
barely a score of miles awayl
Scattered llko chaff beforo tho wind,
tho followers of Nans dispersed be
foro tho onslaucht of the avengors;
and upon tho afternoon following tho
battle, tho negro Hall and a group of
his bluejacket shipmates heard tho
horriblo story aa related above, from
tho lips of a. liaH-cublo woman ccs
vert who spoko English fluently. Hall
and hla friends gazed upon tho floor
of tho dcath-chnmber, fully two
Inches deep with blood and gore and
tufts of hair. They noted tulwar
gashes In the walls the height of a
woman's neck. Then thoy turned
away, sick at heart, but sworo to bo
avenged.
Forty-flvo mllos away another des
perate slego was being conducted. At
Lucknow, ono of the most beautiful
cltioa in India, a handful of English
men wero holding out against tho
flerco hordes of Sepoys who hemmed
them In on every sldo.
Havelock set out for Lucknow with
tho greater part of his force, leaving
Cawnporo In charge of Cdlonol Nelll.
Among others left behind under Nelll
wero Hall and Bomo of his shipmates.
Quito naturally they woro furious at
not being permitted to accompany tho
first relief, but It was nocessary to
leave guns and men to hold Cawn
poro. They relieved tho monotony of their
situation and vented a pnrt of their
pent-up vengeance by forcing a num
ber of hlgh-cnsto Brahmin prlsonera
to otenn up tho Mood-stained death
chamber. Mon woro set over tjiem
with whips to sr that they did not
shirk tholr task. Tho Brahmins, thus
ceremoniously defiled, were then hang
ed and burled in n ditch.
As tho world knows, General Have
lock and hla command reached tho
aheltorcd angle to drag back his gun.
Ho called upon them to remember the
bloody room at Cawnporo. Ho scorned
to bear a charmed Ufo.
After nn hour's perilous work, dur
ing which tho detachment of bluejack
ets was all but wiped out, tho 24
pounders succeeded in hammering a
holo In tho wall about three feet
squaro. A bugle call sounded. Tho
Infantrymen sprang to tholr feet and
rush-'l nt h HtUo holo In spite of
the fact that certain death awaited
the foremost.
Tho enemy, having been driven out
of tho courtyard by tho intrepid Eng
lish aided by the loyal natlvo troops,
mado for tho gateway of the main
structure. Aa they attempted to close
tho heavy doors behind them, a Pun
jabi Mohammedan, Mukarrab Khan by
name, thruat his left arm between
them. As a tulwar nearly severed hla
hand at tho wrist, ho withdrew tho
wounded arm and Immediately thrust
In tho other!
By this tlmo, othor men had reached
tho spot and torn tho doora opon. For
thla bravo act, Mukarrab Khan was
decorated with tho Order of Merit,
the Indian equivalent of tho Victoria
Cross.
Meanwhile other serious work had
been cut out for William Hall and tho
other bluejackots, for a thousand
yards away, In tho direction of tho Resi
dency, loomed the frowning outlines
of the Shah Najaf, a white-domed
tomb, surrounded by high walls of
solid maaonry. Whllo the Highland
ers tore off tho roofs of the surround
ing huts and drove tho Sepoys beforo
them like aheop, other troops were "re
membering Cawnporo" while attending
to tho enemy in the Slkandnrbagh, and
tho naval detachment dragged their
guna Into position before the Shah
Najaf.
A solid Bhot from the enemy atruck
a naval ammunition wagon, exploding
wnatcass nujzu arra?jajtnia
Judging from tho diction In a Brit
ish newspaper thoy havo "coppers"
Instead of "bobbles" In London, which
must bo getting awfully Americanized.
More than twonty motal articles
wore found by a surgeon In the stom
tch of a Calrfornla woman. That's
tarrying the souvenir fad too far.
Itosldcncy at Lucknow In duo time,
upon Cawnporo by reason of tho ex
tremo heat and tho dreaded cholera.
The gallant Nolll was with him when
ho finally succeeded In cutting hla way
Into Lucknow, but tho negro Hall and
other bluejackets wr, not presant
Their opportunity was to come later.
Havelock and his men, though
strong enough to relnforco the besieg
ed troops In Lucknow and save tho
English garrison from destruction,
wero not strong enough U cut their
way to safety, hampered with women
and children and wounded amounting
to 1,500 souls. Thus tho siege con
tinued upon a largor scale.
Meanwhile, Sir Colin Campbell had
arrived in India. He was to assume
tho chief command ot tho forces in
India, and hla first task was to rescue
tho garrUon at Lucknow. Upon the
0th ot November he led an army of
flvo thousand men and thirty guns out
Of Cawnporo, and among these was
Ilia naval brigade under. William
Peel.
Tho Slkandarbagh, , a formidable-
looking structuro about ISO ynrds
square and surrounded by n thick
brick wall about twenty feet high, was
tho first nut to cruck before Lucknow
could bo relieved. It Bheltored up
ward of two thousand well-armed Se
poys, who poured a sailing Are Into
tho English from tho flat rpof of a
pavilion on top ot tho structure
Llttlo could be done until a breach
had been mado in tho wall, so the In
fantry lay down and sheltered them
selves as best thoy could whllo tho
men ot tho naval brigade dragged
their guns up under tho wall. Across
tho deadly zone of bare ground tho
nogro and his shtpmntoa dragged their
guns aa coolly aa if laylpg alongside
an enomy's frigate. Man after man
dropped under tho cruel flro until
each gun was short-handed.
Onco up under tho wall, the gallant
men wero In a moasuro protected, but
as the 24-pounders kicked back after
ach discharge, it bocame necessary
for tho men to entor the danger zone
to drag them back into position. At
each recoil tho Sepoys concentrated
tholr fire upon tho llttlo detachment,
and each discharge cost a human life.
Encouraging his shipmates by hla
fearless example tho nogro waa al
ways tho first man to dart out ot tho
ita contents. Hall, with tho blood
streaming down hla face where a piece
of shell had grazed him, stood by hla
gun and urged hla fellow bluejackets
on by word and deed.
Throughout tho long afternoon tho
men hammered away at the twenty
foot wall. Gun otter gun waa aban
doned as their crews were shot down,
but the negro hero was game to the
last. Shortly beforo dark the com
mander gave tho order to collect the
killed and wounded and re tiro for tho
night, but Hall had to be peremptor
ily ordered to retire by Jtiia superior
beforo He obeyed.
Meanwhile, Lieutenant Salmon of
the naval brigade had climbed a tree
and discovered a small aperture In
tho wall. The enemy saw him and
volleyed at him. Badly wounded, ho
fell into tho arms of his men and re
ported what ho had seen. For this
brave act he waa rewarded with a
Victoria Cross.
Tho English wero quick to take ad
vantage of the Information, and among
tho first men fo rush the breach was
William Hall, wounded, but hacking
right and 1ft with his cutlass. Early
upon tho following morning, the Resi
dency waa relieved nnd a second mass
aero avorted.
In duo tlmo, Hall received hla Vic
toria Cross, as both hla commanding
officers and shipmates wero agreed
that hla gallantry had been tho most
cousplcuous ovent 6f a dny mcmorablo
for Its many bravo actions.
Hall lived to take part In tho bom
bardment of Alexandria many years
later, and was awarded tho Egyptian
medal and its Inseparable companion,
tho Khedive's Star. With his Crim
ean and Egyptian medals, his Victoria
Cross and Khedive's Star, this brave
negro finally retired from service and
took up hla residence In a Bmall Nova
Scotlan village, far away from the
grim scenes of his early days.
In all, throe negroes have been
awarded the Victoria Cross: Samuel
Hodgo and Wi J. Gordon of tho West
Indian reglmont, and William Hall of
tho Royal Navy; and possibly the brav
est of these Is tho white-haired, black
ex-captalu of tho foretop, William
Hall, V. C.
Baron Roberts of Kandahar and
Watorford has tho Insignia of tho Or
der of tho Garter. It was presented to
him by Queen Victoria about two
weeks beforo her death. When the
German Emperor camo to London to
attend tho funeral ho was pleased to
decorate Lord Roberts with tho Order
of the Black Eagle. The gallant Irish
soldier of Indian nativity has also re
ceived tho thanks of tho British Par
liament together with a grant of 100
00Q poundB sterling; and is entitled to
tho letters K. C. B., G. C. B., G. C. I.
E., G. C. S. I., and K. P.
Best of all, ho Ib affectionately
known to every soldier In the Brltlah
army aa "Bobs." Ho is also tho proud
wearer of a Victoria Cross, and tho
possessor of a second cross for which
hla only con stained tho South Afri
can veldt with hla life-blood.
Tho idol of the Brltlah army was
but a lieutenant when ho won his
cross In tho bloody days of the Indian
Mutiny, and at tho thno waa nerving
on tho staff of Sir Colin Campbell,
tho commander-in-chief of tho Brltlah
forces In India. Ho had already been
mentioned In dispatches, had been
wounded, and also knocked ovor by
tho "wlndago" of a round shot.
A column waa moving upon Fato
garh to restore order through a atrip
of disordered territory, bo that com
munication might bo opened up be
tween tho Punjab and Bengnl. Riding
with tho horse artillery and cavalry,
"Bobs' camo upon a largo body of
tho enemy occupying tho village of
KhundaganJ. It becamo necessary to
dlslodgo and destroy thla force if pos
sible, as It waa understood that In tho
ranka of this particular body of Se
poys wero many who had taken a
moro or less prominent part in tho
Cawnporo alaughter.
Three guns wero pushed across a
partly destroyed suspension brldgo
over a stream. They engaged tho ene
my whllo planks were laid across tho
stringers for tho passago of the main
body of tho column.
Fearful lest Sir Colin Campbell
should favor tho Highlanders by or
dering them to lead, tho B3d regiment,
composed mostly of lmpulslvo Irish
men, charged tho village without wait
ing for orders. Nothing remained but
to support them.
As tho yellfng troops advanced up
on tho village calling upon ono anoth
er to "Remember Cawnporo!" the Se
poys wavered, then hastily limbered
up their guna and retired. This gave
the mounted troops an opportunity to
follow up the retreat and Inflict a sum
mary punishment.
"Threes left trot march!" camo
tho order.
And with "Bobs" well In the van
guard, tho 9th Lancers led tho pur
suit. When within three hundred
yards of the Sepoys the "chargo" was
sounded, and within another mlnuto
camo tho shock. Seven guns wero ta
ken within Ave minutes.
Tho lino thundered on, overtaking
groups of tho enemy, who every few
momenta paused to kneel and Are Into
tho British. Finally the last body was
overtaken. The Sepoys halted and
flrcd a volley at close range.
Lieutenant YounghUBband, riding
near "Bobs", fell; but the future Aeld
marshal could not rido to his assls
tanco at that moment, for close by
him a Sepoy was attacking one ot hla
men with a fixed bayonet. With a
stroko of his saber "Bobs" put tho
Sepoy out of commission and waa
about to give his attention to the fall
en officer when ho saw two Sepoys
running away with a regimental stan
dard In their possession.
Putting spurs to his horse, ho over
took the mutineers and ran one of
them through. Ho was wrenching tho
Aag out of the band of the man he had
cut down, when tho other Sepoy
placed the muzzle of his muBket close
to Roberts' breast, and pulled the trig
ger. Fortunately for the gallant lieu
tenant it missed Are, and he lived not
only to receive tho Victoria Cross from
tho hands ot the Queen at Bucking
ham Palace In Juno of 1859, but also
to receive from the same hands, some
forty years later, a Victoria Cross
awarded to his dead son, killed upon
tho battlefield of Colenso In a desper
ate attompt to save a battery from
falling Into the hands ot the Boers.
In writing of theso heroes of tho
Cross, it would not be fair to dismiss
the subject without mentioning the ex
ploits of FMd Marshal Sir George
Stuart White, who in 1370 won a cross,
and tho following year was awarded a
clasp In addition, equivalent to a sec
ond cross.
White, who succeeded "Bobs" as
commander-in-chief In India, became
an ensign of the 27th Innlsktlllng regi
ment In 1853. Ten years later he be
came a captain In tho famous 92d
regiment of Gordon Highlanders. A
major In 1S79, he and his regiment
formed part of the avenging column
ordered to Afghanistan to punish tho
murderers of Cavagnarl.
At the battlo of Charaslah, with a
mero handful of Highlanders, he won
his first croBB and undying fame by
charging a strongly fortified hill. The
mon In the kilts wero outnumbered
In tho proportion of ten to one; but
Inspired by their gallant major, thoy
pressed on and captured tho position,
much to tho surprise and satisfaction
of General "Bobs."
A year later, during tho famous trot
of tho 10,000 from Kabul to Kandahar,
It becamo necessary to take an Afghan
position. A battery ot screw guns
had been shelling the Afghans for
some tlmo without tangible results.
Supported by a regiment of fighting
Gurkasb, tho Highlanders scampered
up tho hill behind Major White. At
tho point of the bayonet they drove
tho Afghans away from their guns:
and tho first man into the enclosure
was tho gallant major, who lived to
becomo a field marshal.
Years later, ho defended Ladysmlth
throughout a siege lasting ono hun
dred and ten days, and delighted the
British public by his stern refusal to
entertain Sir Redvers Buller's sugges
tion that ho surrender to tho Boers,
f2 r'rf A t I
baSju MaMMty Bar JmXmJXmXJ
Mr. William A. Radford will answer
questions and give advice FHEE OF
COST on all subjects pertaining to the
subject of WWIriff, for tho readers of thin
paper. On account of his wide experience
aa Editor, Author and Manufacturer, ha
la, without doubt, the highest authority
on all theso subjects. Address all Inquiries
to William A. Iladford, No. ITS West
Jackson boulevard, Chicago, III., and only
enclose two-cent stamp for reply.
The house here illustrated Is built
on a plan that many might say be
longs to tho "old school;" but it has
a good deal to recommend it. Those
who appreciate plenty of light and air
llko to have rooma built on thla plan,
because they can have all tho win
dows they want, and havo them so
placed that sunlight can penctrato into
every room.
Tho. first houses, built when the
country was now to white folks, wero
squaro or nearly so. Then, as moro
room was needed, they wero extended
in ono direction, keeping generally to
ono room In width. When tho limit
in this form was reached, some bright,
Intelligent fellow branched off at
right angleB, and built a room on tho
side of his house. This must have
been considered a great Innovation, as
well as a great Invention; and so it
was, for it has been handed down from
one generation to the next, and wo
still find tho Idea worth adopting.
There is no record of the original
houso built on this plan; so we do not
know whether It had an upstairs or
not; but thcro is a good second story
to this house, and there la also a good
cellar another feature that the origi
nal architect didn't understand. It is
necessary to "hike" back to those
"good old times" when luxuries ap
proached closely to what we call pri
vations, In order to appreciate what
wo now have.
We could llvo as tho early pioneers
did, In one-room houses built with an
ax; but we should rather not do It
in tho winter time. There aro, how
ever, a few principles that wero work
ed Into those early habitations that
wo cannot get away from, arid we do
not want to. Ono is tho open-air free
dom, the1 light and cheerful setting of
trees and clearing, and the open Arc
ing circumstances, and changes In
families are continually taking place.
It Is customary, under certain condi
tions, to build a house larger than
necessary, and to leave somo rooms
unfinished to save expense at tho tlmo
of building; but it Is qulto unusual to
select a plan with tho expectation ot
making alterations. In fact, It usual
ly Is very undesirable to do so.
One feature about this plan that
will strike everybody favorably is tho
posslblluy of building It for about
$1,600. In these times of advancing
prices, no c"e expects much of a
house for tuy such price. A man
I w
BCD ROOM F TXDWO.V
HALL I
oi I dot, I""
too noarf H
Second Floor Plan.
would havo to manage very carefully
to get this houso for that amount of
money; but It can bo done in localities
where building materials and labor
can be had at reasonable prices, and
provided tho owner understands how
to take advantage of such conditions.
FAMOUS RELIC OF THE PAST
Ircn Pillar of Delhi, Made of Welded
Metal, Was Wrought Some 1,500
Years Ago.
Tho famous "Iron Pillar" of Delhi,
which stands In tho Inner courtyard of
tho "Quth" mosquo, about nine miles
south of the modern city, has always
excited tho Interest of metallurgists
and engineers aa well as historians.
It waa probably made about 413 A. D,
SA ' r,l J) ' AW
V A f i
8?S
place, the cheerful warmth of which
still lingers In our hearts as u heri
tage from primeval days.
As this house Is 30 feet wide and
the projections at tho roof gables are
extra, it needs considerable room. The
law has decided that you must not
hnng your roof over your neighbor's
ground, so it would bo Imposslblo to
put this houso on a narrow-minded
Among othor Irritating products of
the summer are the swimmers who
live before they look.
MADE UGLY FOR ART'S SAKE
Bacririco Mado by Woman 'Whoso
Mouth Was Too Small for
Blnrjlna.
Mlnlo Saltzmann, a talonted young
German slngor, dOBorves to mako a
naroo in thv world, as sho voluntarily
sacrificed her boauty for tho sake of
art Threo years ago sho was fortun
ato enough to mako tho acquaintance
ot tho celebrated singer, Jean do
Reszke, who was struck with the fine
quality of hor voice. Ho offored to
teach hor for nothing, but told hor
that sho would ono day bo famous.
Unfortunatoly, hor mouth was too
small to emit a sufficient volume ot
sound for certain notes, and sho be
gan to despair ot evor becoming a
groat singer. But hor raaBter found a
way out of tho difficulty.
"Change tho shapo of your mouth,"
ho said, "mako it larger; a glorious
numo is well worth tho sacrltlco of
one's boauty."
After somo natural hesitation,
which every woman will understand,
Mlnlo Saltzmann docldod to tako hla
advlco. Every morning she con
scientiously porformed tho following
strango and painful exerclsos:
Placing hor two llttlo fingers at
each extremity ot her mouth, sho
pulled tho skin gontly but firmly
toward tho cheeks, and continued thlB
movomont, with intorvals for rest, for
an hour. This was to increase tho
width of tho mouth. After this sho
pulled hor lower lip down toward her
chlu, and her upper Up toward hor
nose. After a few months of this
treatment, her tiny mouth was com
pletely transformed.
But she does not regret tho loss of
her beauty, as she Is now ono o! th
most popular opera singers in Ger
many. Pearson's Weekly,
In Boston.
"Oh, mamma, como quick! Baby has
fell out ot tho window, an "
"Fallen, you mean, my dear! Shall
I nover teach you to be grammatical T"
, Browning's Magazine.
First Floor Plan.
city lot. If you want to build on this
plan, you must havo room enough to
look out In every direction.
There Is another advantage In n
plan of this kind, and that is the possi
bility of extending It at tho back
without Interfering with tho original
plan. Somo houaea may bo enlarged
when tho family lncreaBee, whllo oth
er plans cannot be altered without
tearing the whole houso to ptocos.
Thero are only six roomB In tho plan
as deslKned. but tho rooms are all
large. If an eight-room houso is want
ed In tho years to como, tho only thing
necessary is to add a wing at tho
back similar to the one In front, and
mako two rooms that can be reached
without any objectionable features
and with no alteration' In tho original
plan except the cutting of two doors.
It Is not desirable, as a general
thing, to build a houso smaller than
you really want, with tho expectation
of making it larger afterwards; but
there aro a great many different exist-
Profitable Recreation.
Tho sand bin, tho slide, tho giant
stride, the horizontal bar, indoor
baseball diamonds (for boys and for
girls), courts for volley ball and
thother ball, running track and Jump
ing pit. and a skating rink where the
cllmato permits; theso aro somo of
tho doslrable features of an up-to-date
school playground, as planned by
Mr. Henry S. Curtis In a bulletin Just
Issued by tho United States Bureau of
Education Mr Curtis shows how
tho nttltude of tho publlo has changed
tn tho last ten years, stneo tho great
and moved to Its present slto in 1052.
As It is betweon 23 and 24 feet high,
18 Inches in diameter at the baso, and
lit at the tip, and probably weighs
over six tons, Its manufacture at so
early a period as tho fifth century par
takes somewhat of tho marvelous. And
it was rendered even more ot a manu
facturing wondor when the discovery
was made rome yearB ago that It was
a solid pleco of welded wrought-lron.
The curious yellowish tinge ot the up
per pnrt had led to tho belief that it
consisted of brass or bronze. The weld
ing together of such a mass of metal
In those primitive days, centuries be
foro tho era ot modern forges and
drop hammers, must have been a
mighty troublesome job for King Can
dra'a Iron workers.
Somo years ago Sir Aloxander Cun
nlughnm hnd a rough analysis of the
motal In the Pillar mado, which finally
proved It to bo wrought Iron. Sir
Roboit Iladfiold, a past president of
tho British Iron and Steel Institute,
recently obtained now samples of tho
column and subjected them to a care
ful and very thorough analysis "tho
first thorough analysis," ho believes.
Tho result was aa follows: "Carbon,
0.0S; silicon. 0 046; sulphur, 0,006;
phosphorus, 0.114; Iron, 99.72; total
99.960." Plainly a really excellent type
of wrought Iron, says Sir Robert, and
much to bo wondered at whon thu
date of Its manufacture Is borne in
mind. The small quantity of sulphur
indicates tho ubo of unusually puro
fuel, probably charcoal. The absence
of manganese, an element usually
preseut In wrought Iron, Is also of In
terest. The specific gravity of tho
metal was found to be 7.81.
Low Wages for Lacemaklng.
Tho hand-made laco Industry la Im
portant In Belgium, but has been In
jured by tho advent of the machlne
mado product. There are about 50,000
women, mostly working women, in
East and West Flanders, peasants in
the country districts, who produce
lace valued at about $4,825,000 yearly.
The wages of these workers aro only
20 to 30 cents a day.
w
play movement burst upon us. Tho
typical school playground used to be
as baro and forbidding as a prison;
tho modern spirit requires that It
shall be roomy, Inviting, well cared for,
open at all times to the children, nnd
equipped with every safe means for
enjoyable, profltablo play.
Popular Hymn.
"Nearer, My God. to Thee," tho
hymn, has been;so far popularized by
the band of the Titanic that it has.
been translated into French and is bo-,
Irs sung by Itinerant musician.
I
