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About Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922 | View Entire Issue (Jan. 15, 1893)
/vnnt.TA nATT.V , trtt rAMITA1 > V I * 1QOQ _ _ T VPttU Peculiar Customs in the Now Mexico of Two Ocntnrics Ago. QUAINT LORE IN OLD SPANISH DOCUMENTS brainier ofUnuitlns mill Cmiroj-liiK Limit Curium .Study In Ilulirlnn tn Delight mi Antliunrlan An Aticlont l.cttur Snnta Fe , City of. the Holy Faith , with n history scarcely equaled Inroratmtlo interest by that of any other city In the union , is n vorltabln t'lti-loslty oox on n grauil scale , and nny ono with n taato for the unique can it ml roynl rivompenso In rumnwgliii ? itinong Its iititiqultlra for n week or two , About the Btnmgcst and yet least known amonff Its possessions arc tlto old Stmnlsh documents which Imvo coino down throiiRli the afces , and around them hovers an atmosphere of romance and history , of conquest ami nd- vrnturo , that will whet the most Jaded of mental appetites. Within llfty years of the landing of Colum bus nt San Salvador , or Just three centuries and a half" ago , Spanish conquistadores had wandered north as fur as Nebraska in search of the fabled seven cities of Cilxla , whoso inhabitants were rcjiortcd to cat out of vessels of gold ; and in 1C05 , two years before the first English settlement on the Atlantic coast , these adventurous explorers and couriers of the holy faith permanently planted their standard at Suntn Fa nnd declared that place , then an Indian village , the capital of tnc province of Nuovo Mexico. Thenceforward began the accumulation of documents of rarest form and quaintest In terest. The journals of Invading conquer ors , the pronuncinmcntos of Spanlsli dons who lorded it In the desert with princely power , the grants of sections of land as big as eastern states , deeds , letters and the thousand and one papers incidental to a civilized government , all with a pious strain of religion running through them , were gathered there in a great mass and gave a remarkably complete and fascinating pic ture of the life in that strange and faraway tlmo. To the sliamo of American intelligence bo It said that a governor apjMiinted by the president of the United States destroyed many of these valuable records in 1STO. No provision had over been made for their proper care , and he , considering them a nuisance , decided to make a bonfire of them. Fortunately ho had a thrifty secretary , who nuggested that they might bo sold to the local merchants for use as wrapping paper. "J'o tills happy ctrcurnstilnco is duo the pres ervation of many documents , which wern afterwards recovered , These records seem to have been written on a linen paper. Though some of them are nearly 800 years old they are remarkably legible and well preserved. Ten years ago , when the writer llrst saw them , they were sea lured about a big room In the govern mental building known us the 1'alace , thrown Into piles as ruthlessly as so much corn. The quaint old custodian , who had come to Bantu Fo with the American army of occu pation , had evidently studied tlicso records carefully sirul was full of fascinating lore. They had become his hobby , and he ex pounded it with the earnestness of the enthusiast on the slightest show of interest. Kvcrythlng was covered deep with dust , and the feet left marks rather moro legible than the poet's foot prints in the sands of tlmo , but thl.s old anti quarian exhumed a pipcr : > here and there , blew off the sediment of years in a gray cloud and told his story. One of the most curious of these was ills explanation of etraiige , puzzling , Intricate nourishes with which every signature was embellished , These are called , rubricas , und in the old * * , njLuysit was the custom for everybody to have ouo. In ofllclal documents n signature with out Us proper rubrlca was not considered as authoritative. On the other hand a public paper adorilcxl with only the rnbrica of an ofllclal was accepted1 as of as much force as though signed with his name also. Some of these ruin-leas arq the simplest of scrolls , wllllo others nit ! labyrlnthian affairs which could IMVO been acquired only -with much Ingenuity and practice. The pray haired custodian of El 1'alacio compared a number , .of documents to show how nearly .these sign jnanuals"wero duplicated. During tho'Moxiean rule It was customary for the members of the legislature to sign the Journals , but In many cis"s they used only their rubricas , and the records still existing show this , peculiar custom. An American recently had occasion to cash n check at a bank ! u an interior town in old Mexico , tiiiil the cashier insisted on his put ting 11 rubrlca to his endorsement. The Btrangor said ho had none , but the banker compelled him to make a scrawl on the back of the check before It was cashed. It has IKJCII thought by sonio that rubricas were adopted in thaold times because many peonlo were .ignorant and unable to write their names. This theory Is exploded by the fact that under the old Spanish law a per son could have another sign for him , as will bo illustrated further on. It seems most likely that Iho rubrica answered the pur pose of the modern seal in authenticating signatures. At any rate they arc a curious study. ' Some of these old documents are stored In . . the territorial library at Santa Fo , and I others nro n part of the archlvpt , of the United States land court established about two veal's ago. Among the pieces recovered from scattered places was u book containing n record of all the land grants In Now Mex ice , which luis boon of great sci.icu to the new court in Us mission of settling the in numerable land disputes in the territory. The writer recently had occasion to browse among thcsa relics of a romantic past , and again among them ho found folded together several documents that have much of historic , associations and of fasclnting qimintncss. Ono of them contains the signature and rubrlca of Don Diego do Vargas ( the rest of his name-ivlll ' follow later ) , the redoubtable Bpanish con'quistadoro who recovered the proUncu of Nuovo Mexico ( -'at his own cost , " as ho Is always curoful to declare in his public documents ) after the 1'uoblos had expelled tholr cruel oppressors nnd kept ' them out for twelve years , That was Just ! i < K ) years ago. This bunch of papers also illustrates the easy manner of making land grants in those ancient times , indicates the indcflnltoness of such grants , shows some of the odd customs in connection with the sale of real estate , and contains a line assortment of rubricas. < ANCIE.S'T NBW MCJUCUX 11U1IIIICA9. 1. Ana do ArcUulctn. y. ( Jeiieral Don do Vargas. a. Secretary BurradA. 4. Captain Hivas. 5. Francis Joseph do Cnsado. 0 , Governor Mojollen. The llrst paper U doted 1690 , four years f tor Do Vargros had recaptured Santa Fa i ft Is a Petition for a bit of ground posslbjy ft ploco that the former owner Imd deserted nt the tlinpof the rebellion , sixteen years bo- foro. Translated Into RniHsh , it reads : I , Ana do Atvhulrtn , widow nnd resident of the town of S. Fe , do apwar | before your excellency | Do Vargas ) In duo legal form ami under in.v privilege In the premises and state that. God havln'bccn pleased to have thU provlncot-onqucrod through you for the divine and humane sovereignty , I pe tition your excellency as the legislator thereof In the name of the king , our sovereign eign , whom may God preserve , and his royal name , for a tract of land that belonged to my aunt , Oregorla do Archulctn , as thcro Is no j > crson possessed of a bettor right to ask It than I , which tract lies on the hither bank of the river at this town , between seam plum trees , nnd is bounded by the road and is other wise bounded by the lands of the chaplain , Ix > renzo Madrid , and 1 trust from your high ness that you will make mo the grant to en- nblo mo this summer to build a house and plant an aero of corn , for the said tract Is no larger than that. I ask and supplicate your excellency with duo submission , to bo jilpascd to direct whatever bo proper , and I swear before God and before the sign of the cross that this , my petition , is not made in dis simulation , " The lighting don- granted the widow's prayer In a gracious document which begins in this manner : "At the town of S. Fe on the llrst of Feb. , in the year 1G'.H > , before mo , Diego de Vargas /tapata I.ujnn Pence do Leon , Gov. and C. O. [ captain general ] of the kingdom and prov ince of Nuevo Mexico , restorer , conqueror at Ills own cost , recoiiqueror und founder thereof , " etc. This document wns signed by Do Vargas With his full name and rubrlca "Before me. Domingo do la Uarrada , Secy. Gov. and War , " whoso elaborate rubrica quite over shadows his superior's simple flourish. Seventeen years later Luis Duran , n son of Ana do Archuleta , bargained to sell this property ( probably inherited from his mother ) to Ensign Anton Alvarez do Castrll- Ion for a sum equal to $150 , On August lit. I'll ) , ha wen tboforo Captain Juan Gi rcioilo In HI va , "high constable of the Inquisition and ordi nary alcaldo of Santa Fo , " and mudo n written transfer in which ho covenants that "should suit or claim [ agalns. , Alvare/.l in nny event occur let the petition not bo heard either In or out of court. " Duran could not write , and luplaco of his signature is this indorsement by a friend : "At the request of the vendor Francis Joseph de Casudo. " Alvarez then presented n memorial to Juan Ignacio Flores Mojollen , then governor and captain general of New Mexico , who , on August 10. issued this order : "Captain Juan Gnrcio do la Hlva , ordinary alcalde of this town , will place this party la possession of the house and lands he refers to , and I signed the decree with my rub- rique. " The ensign took royal possession of the property the same day , and a document left by Kivu details the manner of that pecu liar ceremony. It says , among other tilings : " 1 proceeded at once to the aaid spot , ac companied by the said ensign , and being at the place and In the presence of a concourse of people , I , said ordinary alcaldo , took the said ensign by the hand and passed through the hall and over the land belonging to the said house , and ho opened and closed the door and window and shouted aloud , went outside , cast stones and plucked up weeds in sign of the ] x > sscssion that in the name of the king I gave to him , and he took posses sion in the sign of his ownership. " In some of these | .TS the olllcials apolo gize for writing "on this common paper , thcro being no stamped paper in the prov ince. " Many years ago , while General Low Wal lace , the author of "Hen IIwr1 was governor of > , ow Mexico , .Mrs. Wallace discovered on a fragile sheet the remnants of a love letter dated "Seville , November , 169J , " and ad dressed to Antonio Eusoblo do Cubero , sec retary of General Don Diego do Vargas. Its opening mark of affection read : "To my own true lOve and faithful knight , from his llosita de Castilo. " In tender language thp little Hose of Cas tile wrote of her father and brother , away in the wars of Algeria , and she sent a sweet song which she had Just learned to sing and to play on her mandolin. She related in quaint terms how.shc eluded her duenna to steal out into the moonlit night nnd jdown near the river , "there by the bed of "sweet basil , dost remember , Kuseblo earo ? " And thus it ran on in the sweetest of love's en dearments , n romance brought to light after two centuries h : the tomb of oblivion , only to leave the interested sympathizer in doubt as to its termination. . These ancient manuscripts have never been thoroughly examined , and many a strange story may bo hidden among them. In most countries they would bo considered precious relics of a uuaint but stirring an tiquity , but New Mexico bos sadly neglected them. The wonder is that so many have survived tills lamentable neglect. Some time ago Prof. Bandolier , an archaeologist and linguist of repute , was commissioned to bring order out of the clines into which these ancient papers had fallen , but ho was unable to secure pay for his labor , and after several months spent in the un grateful task he abandoned it. Three- fpurths of the people of New Mexico are of Spanish descent , and the majority of these lead n simple , patient , struggling life that would bo regarded as abject poverty among the Saxon races. Living in isolated groups , often miles from n rallroal , generally speaking and understanding only Spanish , thcso people have ignorance as well as In digence for a heritage , and in the light of these facts their Indifference to the value of their precious antiquities is understandable. | But it is a pity , Just the same. Fniiu BENZINQEH. onus AXI > JKXOS , The United States chewed eighty-Jive tons of tobacco last year and begged nbont half of It. The real estate brokers In New York City sold property worth in aggregate $45,000,000 , last year. Only eight of the f > ! ) ,000 Frenchmen who fought under Napoleon at Waterloo are now nlivo and in Franco. Klection bets in California have been do- olared off on the ground that neither Harri son nor Cleveland carried the stato. Harri son getting ono and Cleveland eight elec tors. tors.A A citizen of Plttsburg has had his mother- in-law arrested because she was in the habit of l"oqking him down , throwing paper wolgnts at his head and Indulging in like familiarities. Some men are very touchy. A bright man named Whalen , who pos sessed a whole lot of qualities but no scru ples , went to St. Ixnils and "did up" the elite of that village to the time of SWO.OOO by means of nicely engraved but bogus min ing stock. The vice of swearing is to bo deprecated at all times and under all circumstances , but [ 'the recording angel might bo expected to blot out the remarks of the Cook , county clerk when ho.mado out the marrlago license for Miss Maud Zlovicrzshkowltiuskis , At St. Albaus , Vt. , n farmer recklessly wasted four barrels of cider lann ineffectual ctTort to put out the tins which was burning ui > his homo , but forgot that the last barrel , which was also ompUi'd , contained whisky. > I His friends are trying to keep him out of the I asylum. The alcoholic old Massachusetts town of Medford , where- the famous Medford mm Is made went "no llccnso"nt the , , recent muni 1- cipal election , but the voters partially atoned for their slap at the town's chief In dustry by electing the leading distiller to the mnyorullty. A correspondent of the Now York Sun , of late date , says , print thcso four lines with out punctuation uiul no ono would bcllevo , them , vet rightly punctuated they are true : "L'.very lady In every land Has twenty nails on each hand Five and twvnty on hands and This Is true -without dewlt. " Ono of the famous-whlto oaks of Now Jer sey stands In the Presbyterian churchyard : at Basking Kidgo. It measures 14 foot 4 inches in circumference at 5 feet high , whllo Iho branches shade n circle of 115 feet in diameter. It has been a famous tree for moro than a century , and it was , no doubt , Ha noble specimen InTM \ , when a log church : wns built on the ground where the present ono now stands. The most ccomonical youth in the whole i-Milm of gilded society resides in St. Louis , Ho danced bj Iho raiuuutat the big ball given by the Daughters of the Couf&lcracy and ho bus rendered to the management a bill for $ hoW whivh sum ho expended for the pair of pads that tilled out the calves of his silken hose. Ho will got his 5 , but the much-disturbed "daughters" think the prlco was u trilla stcop for imitation veal. After a nlgl.t with the boys Yours fur a clear head Crowo-Scltzer. | MME , PATII GIVES ADVICEl La Diva OfTors Some Excellent Hints to Am- Jritious Singors. SHOULD PROTECT THE VOICE WHEN YOUNG Trnclieri Who Aro' Competent nml Thoie Who Are Not A Prlma Ilomm's Honor ! Are Not i : a illy Won Ilulc * to Olnorvo. ' What must I do to bo an opera slngerl" This ' .is the question constantly asked of Mmo. Pattl-Nicollnl by ambitious young women witli some voice and talent , which they long to air in public. "You must bo a workman at yourtrado be fore you can bo an artist In your art , " she answers , nnd supplements it with valuable advice in a letter recently published. On the operatic as on the dramallo stage most young women expect to shoot like rockets straight to the zenith of the sky of success. They expect to take a few lessons In vocalization , hurry off to the dressmaker's , get sonio handsome gowns , rush before the footlights , and blossom out luxuriantly ns Leonoras or Marguerites/ They cannot bo made to realize the fact that a long and ar duous course of preparation , involving years of wearisome study and practice , during which it is necessary to deny one's self many of llfo's pleasures , is absolutely essential to that really worthy and meritorious achievement , without which they cannot win oven an ephemeral success , nor would they bo willing to undergo the labor und hardship required. They are also Ignorant of that other great fact that ilnanctal suc cess upon the stage is by no means wholly dependent upon merit , but is largely a mat ter of opportunity nnd circumstances. To attain perfection in singing- , as in ut - most everything else ono should begin at a very early ago , ami it is of the utmost im portance that one's first instructors should be the very best obtainable. Abos-o all , the would-bo pritua donna should bo thoroughly nnd correctly grounded in the rudiments of her art. This can only bo done by ono who is a complete master of vocal training. It is a common nnd very serious error to think that inferior teachers are good enough for a Ueginuur. liurly Teaching la Impiirtiuit. First impressions are always the most last ing and bad habits and mannerisms of vocal ization acquired at the outset can never bo overcome. Many a promising young singer is completely ruined in this way , having for her ilrst instructor n wholly incompetent per son. Such teachers begin at the wrong end. Their ono idea seems to bo to teach their pupil to sing songs or operatic airs , whereas the pupil should ilrst bo taught the rudi ments of music. Her -voice should then bo carefully and Judiciously do veloped and particularly its \veak points strengthened by suitable vocal exercises. That done , she should render herself familiar with the vocal works of all the great masters of composition not by having them drummed into her by her teacher as a parrot learns to say "Pretty Polly , " but by Industriously studying them for herself ; by seeking dili gently und patiently for the composer's moaning , staffing each doubtful passage over and orcr again in every variety of interpre tation nnd striving most earnestly to satisfy herself as to which is most in harmony with thotruo spirit of the composition and the ti nn meaning of the composer. When at last she Las arrived nt what seems a satisfactory conclusion she should listen to various renditions of the same worlc by skilled artists , comparing their interpre tation of it with hers , and comparing the arguments In favor of each. The chief aim of every vocal instructor should bo to develop and strengthen his pupil's voice , to impart to her a correct technique and to enable her to sing any com position at sight. IJow much , or rather how littleof such instruction do"most young women wh'd aspire to be great singers receive ? , I have said that to bo a great singer ono must begin young. I sang in public on the stage Jrom my seventh to my eleventh year and carried on my doll when , to a largo audience , I made my first appearance at the former ago , singing "Ah 1 nou giango" the finale of .the third act of "La Somnam- bula" in a concert at Niblo's garden , Now York , December ! ! , 1851. AftPV 1 had passed my eleventh or twelfth birthday I did not again sing on the stage till after I had com pleted my fifteenth' ' year , and all these inter vening years I devoted most faithfully to constant , unremitting study and practice. It was the night of the U-lth of November , 1S59 , when I had passed my fifteenth birthday , that I made my debut in opera at the Academy of Music in Now York , singing the title i-olo in"Lucia di Lainmormoor. " ' Httrly Singing Not Injurious. It is thought by some that it is injurious to develop the voice at so early an age , but I do not think so , provided duo euro is taken not to strain or overtask it. To sing in the open air , to sing too loudly , or to sing notes that are too high for the easy range of the voice is ruinous to it , especially if done while it is growing nnd developing. All of these injurious practices should bo most carefully avoided. How well I remember the night , when I made my-first apdonranco an any stage ns a child of 7 years. I can remember the dress I wore a white silk with but little trim ming. The ovation I received from the audience wns one of the greatest and most gratifying with which I have ever been favored , though ono I shall always remem ber ns a companion to it was tendered to mo at Naples some years ago , the last night of ono of my engagements in thnt city. The warm hearted , gener ous Neapolitans literally covered the stage with flowers. Not only was I presented with largo and beautiful Iloral designs , but small bunches of llowcrs and oven singln ones were showered upon mo. At first I tried to per sonally receive all the elaborate designs that wcro handed up over the footlights , but the task soon became an impossible ono. The leader of the orchestra was almost entombed in llowers , and the front of the stage was a perfect bank of them. Filially the stage hands had to clear the loose llowers with rakes , I am far from being the only instance of a great singer who made her debut In child hood. Albanlwasa mere child when she sang difficult arias at concerts , and she made her operatic debut before completing her fifteenth year. Havine developed a voice , the the next thing of importance is to preserve it. There Is nothing that will spoil it or wear it out moro quickly than a use which by being oxccssivo becomes abuso. Twice n week , or three times at mostt , if the singer bo in perfect health , is quito as often as one should sing in opera If she desires long to retain the pristlno freshness nnd power of her voico. These prlma donnas and tenors who sing six nights nnd two matinees a week had better ; "mako hay whtlo the sun shines , " for no vocal organs can long withstand so severe IDa strain. Nervousness , worry and trouble are great foes to the singing voice. Thcso should bo carefully avoided. It follows , therefore , as- a natural consequence that a singer should have an abundance of rest. As her profes- 1slon keeps her up till quito a ilatd hour she must not try to bo an early riser. She must isleep late In the morning , or sufficiently late to secure iilutror ten hours of rest. She must learn that sleeping in the duy time can bo made Just as refreshing and beneficial as lisleeping at night if one only kr.ows how tote do it to the best advantage. The point is to have your room made as dark by heavy shut ters and curtains and to have a quiet us pro found as you could have it at night. Insuffi cient sleep will soon injure the nervous sys ' tem , nnd through It the voice. Buforo going on the stage to sing It Is in excellent practice to gargle the throat with some soothing , mildy astringent lotion. thI often do this before going on to attempt any remarkable fight of melody. There Is no particular diet that is of apo- clnl advantage to a singer , but to retain her voice in ] H. rfcot condition she should vo perfect health , nnd should therefore id all , indigestible or otherwise deleterious food. Alcoholic stimulants of any kind tend to irritate the throat and should bo entirely ' abstained from , ICven light wines are-no ex ' ception to this rule. Most iMX > plo arc familiar with tha hoarse voice of the hard drinker , nnd it is often said of such An Individual that ho has "burned his throat out with drink , " Kven a moderate use of alcohol may there - . fore tend to make the voice husky. If from sickness or other cause alcoholic stimulus should be imperatively needed u vcrj little whisky , largely diluted with water , is the way in which the singer may take it with Iho least chaucu of injury to the throat. Soup Is good food for a singer , H In n very concentrated formi/nt Jioiirlshmcnt ami Is very digestible. I'griihnps , too , as Silas- Wogg that ntmistn ? character of Dickens In "Our Mutual Ecieuil" would say , "It metiers the organ. " Tnko Of all the various-forms of physical exor cise , I think walking is the form most bene ficial to a singer. MeJfrnto billiard playing may also bo ( rood , beflaiiso tt involves a great deal of walking. In , , i > U\vlr r billiards for an hour or two ono wil j"walfr. several mllea with out the slightest consciousness of effort or feeling of fatigue , a. fact duo to the mind being < so pleasantly absorbed by the game. Some anatomist has Jrfld. that there are only two implements which bring Into play every muscle in the body-rtbo spade and the billiard cue. Above nil , the singer who wishes to pre 1 serve her voice must bo especially careful to avoid taking cold , nnd to refrain from singIng - a1fi after she has done so. When going out for a walk or drive in damp , cold weather , she must bo careful to have her throat well lirotected. For this purK | > so a silk scarf Is best. A handkerchief held Over the mouth isdi a wise precaution to prevent the cold , damii air from reaching the larynx. The feet and lugs should bo protected with overshoes and legglns. ain There are two vulnerable points which most people entirely neglect to guard. I mean the little openings through which the oars receive sound. Physicians toll us that there is a direct connection , known as the custachlan tube , bcnveon the ear and the throat , nnd cold nlr entering the car .may thus readily affect the larynx. To prevent this it is well for a singer to keep her ears stuffed with small pieces of cotton when out of doors in cold weather. This is a wl. % precaution - caution for everybody to 'nice. If it were generally adopted there would bo no moro cases of these injlainmatlonsof the car which nro so distressing and so common. Great singers are often severely blamed for "disappointing the public. " and It Is a popular notion that they are never really indisposed when it is announced that they arc , and that they only pretend to from some motive of jealousy , pique or self-interest. This is a great mistake. Singers are quito as mortal nnd quito as subject to nil the ills that flesh Is heir to as other people are , and when a great singer , suffering from a severe cold and hoarseness , must choose between "disappointing the public" and permanently injuring her voice , pethap.can she bo blamed for choosing the form-T alternative ? The young woman who is ambitious to be come a really great singer does well to go abroad to study. Olio of the best slm.'iug teachers in all the world I know of n no better is Mine. Marches ! of Paris , the vocal trainer of Oerstcr nnd Trobelli. There are also some excellent teachers in Milan. In singing , us in everything else , it is prac tice that makes perfect. These who wish to bearcat singers must practice untiringly. Hard work is the principal factor of all nr- tistic success. Genius and voice count for llttlo without it. Thomas.Mooro , the great Irish poet , has truly said , in hU.lifo of Uich- ard Brinstey Sheridan. "Labor Is the father of all the great works in this world , whether in literature or stone , poetry or pyramids , " anil it applies with peculiar force to .great achievements as a singer. Young women with operatic aspirations como to my per formances and , after they have heard me , exclaim : " "How easily Mine. Patti sings 1 It is no trouble to bo a great prlma donna if the gift of it is born in ono. " Ah , they do not know the weary hpurs I spent In study and practice of the most -duous character , and at an age , too. when othe : girls wcro thinking only of dolls and bonbons. I tell you thcro is no royjiI . 'road to becoming a great singer. XTJSCffflO XOTKS. The electric sleigh Is nntiounccd. The latest whaleback steamer Pillsbury is lighted throughout by electricity. * Electric cloth cuttei-s arc 0116 of the latest novelties on tho'inarkot. ' , The patent office lias 'recently ' granted a number of patents foj1 magnetic ere separators raters and also several for printing telegraph systems' . ' i- ; * Prof. ti. F. BlalWof tho' University of Kansas says that-he.cons.tders lightning rods for buildings in cities , , except -nigh struct ures , altogether unnecessary.- An electrically controlled' machine which will effectively stamp 80.000 letters in an hour is one of the interesting inventions that has been adopted in the Postottico depart ment. A number of hmall-electric launches are to bo sent to the World's fair to bo used for small excursion parties. Tbo motive power will bo supplied by means of storage bat teries. A carriage telephone is a recent invention. It is a speaking tube of rubber wound with silk and permits the occupant of a closed carriage to speak with the driver without thrusting the head out of the window. The electric arc lamp is destined to replace the calcium or oxyhydrogen light for optical projections and theatrical uses. Its bril liancy , steadiness , whiteness and fixedness are superior to these of the limo light. An electrically propelled Invalid's chair has been brought out. At ono side of the seat is a lover connecting with a resistance box for controlling the single reduction slow- speed motor. Current Is supplied irom stor age batteries placed under the sent. An electrician of St. Louis claims that by- coating the carbons used in arc lamps with copper of about the same thickness us that usually employed and then with a heavier coating of zinc the carbons can bo made to burn nearly twice as long as with merely the | copper covering. Electricity is to become a great facto'r in prolonging human llfo. It has been discov ered that ozone when manufactured nnd in troduced into air by the electrical process i tends to give the air healthful qualities by exterminating all the disease germs and imcrobes it may contain. The fact is now placed beyond question thnt both the flower and the kitchen gard ener have secured In tho" electric light a means of largely increasing the possibilities of plant culture : Prof. L. H. Bailey , in his report to the Cornell university , formally establishes the commercial value of electro- culture for certain winter crops , and espe cially for lettuce. irons , ' cooklng'iitcnsils of all kinds , including house and hotel broilers , pancake griddles , baking ovens , skillets and spiders for frying nnd soldering irons , embossing plates , seal ing-wax heaters , curling-tongs , glue itots , disk heaters , house und office and car heat ers. ers.In In some recent experiments in the light ing of largo areas from a balloon projectors of fi.OOO-candlo power wcro used , and when thcso were carried to the height of a,000 feet the rays of the electric light covered a sur face of about 1.000 feet diameter , in spite of a thick mist. Kven at n height of 500 feet a luminous ray could'bo projected which showed every object'/within its focus dis tinctly ut the distancdfif.'three-quarters ' of a mile. " j An electric gcnoraton weighing 83,000 pounds Is to bo installed1 < in a railway jiower- house in Ottawa , Canhda.It is to furnish current to boat the ; qhtlro promises , ns well as help operate the 'trolley road , and is the largest generator evern taken Into Canada. The powerhouse will bo the llrst building in that country over 'MsatM ' throughout by electricity , and probably" the first power station heated iuthls.uuiujier in the world. It Is reported that rt > . Buffalo man has In vented an instrument 'Which ' ho calls the "telephotus. " It is de.sij'ned for communica tion between vessels aV3f $ , for lighthouses , " ' ' " ' "ps and for 'ge -al employment In " the United States signal service. The ap paratus consists of 100 incandescent lamps , which are ox.ratod | byif keyboard something on the principal of Htypewrlcr. , A code of signals founded on the Morse telegraph alphabet is used , and experiments have shown that signals can bo read for a dis tance of fifteen miles. An English electrical paper responsible for the statement that the nickol-in-tho-slot principle-is to be applied to the production of electrical energy. Hitherto the public has fed the automatic machine with coins in re turn for value. In the latest plan the process has been reversed. The public is now to re ceive money instead of raying it. To the person who turns.a crank 100 times the ma- chlno will deliver up 2 cents. The crunk Is connected with a dynamo , and the 100 revo lutions of the handle manufactures a quan tity of electrical energy which is eventually to bo retailed by the owners of thp machine for purposes of illumination or power. The announcement was recently made that a tool hud been invented whereby sculptors and others into whoso occupation the carv ing of marble , stone or granite entered largely could u future dispense with slow. nnd Jaborlom handwork and avail them selves fn u most thorough and satisfactory way of the application of electricity to their calling. The tmrJcc weighs about six pounds rind Is provided with n plunger , the rapidity of whoso stroke is regulated by a button on the sldo of the tool. The stroke ' -an bo made to vary from oilo-elghth of an Inch to onn inch , at n speed varying from 800 to BOO strokes per minute. The manufacture ot electrlo hand lamps must now bo numbered among modern elec trical Industries , A small storage battery Is used , the active material of which Is llthan- ode , n substance which Is likely to bo largely used for such purposes. Ono special form is made with n live-cell battery , and is much in request by lecturers , photographers nnd others who desire to project the light on n paper or other object and nt the same tlmo shield their own eyes , Another form 1s n special "pockat" battery of the two-cell type. This handy little lamp will glvo a good light for n period of four hours with ono charge , and Is so light nnd compact that it will go comfortably Into the coat pocket and can bo turned on nt a moment's notice. These lamps , made in various grades of strength , according to the purposes for which they are Intended , are now being used by policemen nnd street car conductors , The Applegato lamp on exhibition In Tun lien building last fall has reached a state of pcrlectlon nnd Is ready to bo manufactured In largo quantities. The lava head that has so prominently been identified with the Appleg.ito lamp has been discarded and an entirely different ma terial adopted , which has led to a successful lamp , and it Is now to enter the Hold ns a competitor of the great combine. Thp Applegate lamp , us U stands today , en tirely evades the Kdlson patents ns well as posscslngs numerous advantages over all other lamps. The rapid strides made by the combine in closing up all lamp factories makes the Applegato lamp the moro valua ble. Factories thus suffering the edict can save themselves from being forced out of business by n monopoly by using the only lamp on which Edison has no claim. A con siderable business is anticipated in royalties in this direction. The demand for incandes cent lamps throughout the United States is increasing at the rate of 50,000 lamps monthly. The output last year was 7,500,000. Edison general electric Is given a monopoly of the business b ; the supreme court of the United States , as no lamp , excepting the Ap plegato , cvudo.s Edison's patents , consequently quently the Edison company will be kept busy supplying the demand. No ono factory can do this , and it is to bo presumed that the policy of the Edison General company will not bo backward in demanding n liberal roy- olty from these factories who continue In the business. The Applegato company proposes to como to the rescue of these unfortunates , und protect them from oppression at the hands of monopoly , c Doi'inuls on the Hoy. A boy ono day last week called on n Jeffer son avenue merchant concerning a place , says the Detroit Free Press. "I want an olllce boy , " ho said in reply , "if I can get the right kind of a one. Do you want a Job ? " "Yes , sir. " responded the boy , "but before I take It I'd like to know if there is1nny chance of promotion. " "Well , " said the merchant thoughtfully , "that depends on the boy. The last ono wo hud here owned the whole place before ho had been with us sixty duvs. " Unlike tie Dutch Process No Alkalies OH Other Chemicals are uieil In the preparation of W. LAKER & CO.'S BreaWastCocoa tolitch is absolutely pure anil soluble , Ithnsmorctliantlireotlmee the strength ol C'oco.i mixed with Starcli , Arrowroot or _ Sugar , nod la far moro eco nomical , costing JfSJ than one cent a cup. It is delicious , nourishing , and EASILY DIGESTED. DIGESTED.Sold Sold lrCi-ofcr tterytrlier * . W. BAKER &CO..Dorohejter , Mais. Iff r HOOK GLOVES jlUB STAMPED FOSTER'S PATENTS * OK LICENSED UNDERFOSTER'SPATENT& HETTAItB Off IMITATIONS ! We can't Do like our friends who sell $15 suits for $5.00ifor the simple reason that the suits we sell for $15 are wholesaled for almost that " much , and it is therefore plain that in order to sell a $15 suit for $5 we would get such enormous profits it would be an easy matter to sell at $5. But we can't. Some people can , but we can't. can't.We We can ' - sell you a cheviot or plain cassimere suit in either cutaway or sack , in all shades , principally gray , brown , blue and fancy colors that we sold last month for $10.50 , for the phenominal price of $8.75. We could say the former price was $20 , seas as to make you think we were just losing $8,75 on every suit we sold , but it's a $10.50 suit for $8.75. Colum bia Clothing Company , Corner 13th and Farnam. By purchasing goods made at the following Nebraska Factories. If you cannot find what you want , communicate with the manufacturers as to what dealers handle their goods. AWNINGS. OnmEIYent-Awnlng COMPANV. KlfiBl. Hamtuockl. Oil and Jtubbar Clottitnp. Bend for catalogue. 11U Farnam it. BREWERS. FURNITUrtf. ChasStiiYerlcK&Co Furniture , Carpets and Draperlei. 1J06 Farnam st. FLOUR. 5. F. Oilman. OmahaTUllng Co , , 101J-U-K K , 10th ft. Offlct and Mill. C. E. Blaek , maaagir. 11U N.ieth IV LADIES , Nebraska Made Flour Is the Best. LOOK FOR THE Association Label ON SACK. DR. WIcCREW THE SPECIALIST. IB unsurpassed la the trontnient of nil PRIVATE DISEASES anil nil Weakness if r lit and Disorders ot flnl.ll 13 roars expcrlonca. Write for circulars nad question list froo. I4th nnd Fnrtmm 8te. , Omaha , Nob. DISORDERS And alt tbo train of EVILS , WBAKNK8S1H. DKRIMTr. KTC. , that na coinpnnr thorn In men OUICKljY nnd PKHMA- KKSTI.V UUItlSO. Knll STUBNUTll nnd tone Blven to every part of tbo body. 1 will gond ( to- enroll' racked ) KHBIC to nnjr auIToror ttio proiorlp- tlon that cured rae of tliuio trouble ) . Addraii , L A. HKADLKV IU1TLL CllliKK. MICH. DU. E. C.WE3T3 KKVEANU UllAJN THBA.T. mont , iv ipoclno for lljritorln , Dlrzlnoii , Flu , Nou- ralvla , Hoadaoho , Nervoiu 1'roslratlon oaineil 1 > T liquor or tobacco , walcofnlneaj , Mental Depreailon , Sodnens ol tbo Drain , causing intanltr. mlsorr. da- caj.acnlh.l'rjninfaroOW AKO , Nervousnus.i , lyn of 1'owor In otthorBox , iDipotoucjr , lAtuoorrlua and all ' 1'omale VYonknoiaos , Involuntary Ix sai , Bperma- torrboa caused by ovor-oiortlon of the brain. A mouth'stroiUmcntII0 ; forii br mail. We euar- nnloodboxoi to euro. Knch order for U boxoi with f5 will iond writtenKtmrnntno to rotund If notcuroil. flimrantoa l ued onlr lif Tlioodoro K J.own. drag- Kl t , lalenKcnt , loutboait corner llitb and Farnaui itreoti. Oinaba Dr. SYDNEY RINGER , professor of Medicine at University College , London , Author of the Standard Handbook of " " Therapeutics , acluallu writes as follows ! "from the cnroftil analyses of Prof. ATTFIEI.D nnd others , I nra H.itlsIIod that is in no way injurious to honltli. anil that itisdnuidedly moro nutritious than ether Cocoas. Ills certainly " 1'uro" and lilchly dlKi'stlblo. The quotations in cer tain advertisements ( from Trade rivals ) from my book on TlioraiKiuticsuroquita misleading , and cannot possihly apply to VAN HOUTEN'H COCOA. " Ttie falsa reflection on Van IIOVTKN'HCOCOL is tlitts fjfrcluallurepelled , ami thf very authority citetl to itjttre it. is thereby } > romj > trilta nlre it n vrru naniltome testimonial , n IRON WORKS. Paxton & Ylcrllng IndustrlkllronWorks lltO.VVOHK3. . Manufacturing and re Wrought and Cast Iron pairing of all ktndi of bulldlnc work , Ennlnei , machinery. 71 < H. Kth bran work , etc. st. Telephone 111SI. Omaha Safe and Iron Novelty Works , WOUKS , Moit complete planltn Fnfei.TaulU , Jail work , ttia weit for light manu Iron iliutteri and 11 ro ei facturing and all kinds capei. Andrmm It Uar- of electro-plating. Cham nett , Kth and Jackson. Mfg. Co. , Weeping Wa ter , Neb. MATTRESSES. I PRINTERS. Omaha Mattress Co I Reed Job Printing Uattreties , fcither COMI'ANr. plllowsand ootnforteri Yo trade onlr , l fl-4- Be * Ballllof. Nicola it. A Wo nlih to test tlio taln of this paper n > * n ad- MBM * i u > iiiiiBi vertlBlnjj mudlum , lionc OPPORTUNITY i Inl > ko the * ° ' " "n im- prucciloiiteil offer on new- mnthlnos of our U'nnnfncturo until J'i'b. 1 onlf. & .T8 buys t.'in flu Clil-ft. . ) . . If ) O cjgo Singer. 119.18 huy. t ho hlh'liest urndo modern _ . .tylo nowlng umchluo ! SfctflW Rfl < the world. HwlUI V UU3I . THIS MACHINE $19.18. On lOrtnys' approval ; If returned , freight chance * . .xofundedVrlto at onoo for catalottuo ItVJ and forms for obtilnlnjr a sowtujf maclilno l''UKI , n0 tbti aiivertlnomont will nut appear ntialn. CHICAGO SEWING MACHINE CO. , < 2 to 63 N. Ilnlstod-it. , Chicago , 1IL How Many PEOPLE ai-o putting OFF THE DAY Intending soon to consult a Successful Specialist \VIIY THIS DKI.AY ? Chroiilo , Private , Nervous nud Surgical Dlii > ; rr. . CURED. Maiiliooil , Fomnlo Weakiiossos , Etc. , CURED. CONSULTATION FREE. Treatment by Nlnll. Address with stamp for n.irtlculnrs. whloh will b * lent In u plain envelope , C. W. WILLIAMSON , M.D. KoonisB , 8'i , 9 , 01J , 110-11B B , l.'ith Htroot , Omaha * RUBBER OOOOS. I SEWIHO MACHINES