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About Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922 | View Entire Issue (Oct. 12, 1890)
THE OMAHA DAILY BEE : STJNDAY OCTOBER .12 , 1800-T\VENTY PAGES. UNITY OF THE FATHERLAND , Oolo3at Nature of the ork aud How i Brought About. BLUNDERS OF THE VIENNA CONGRESS. I'ntrlntfl All Over GiniKiny J > Kip- polntcd nt Ut lrrtoeulliiK ( < How tlio United Hlnte.s tt'nn Ilio fiiilncr Notublo Names. The struggles for German unity antl their ofTcct on the United States is n subject which must bo of grout Interest to every thoughtful American cltuon. The Vienna congress , composed as It was of the representatives of the different powers , which had accomplished the downfall of Napoleon I. , convened pur- Biicnt to the last article of the Parts trc.Uy of Ihoyo.ir previous , In October , 1SU , In oi'.lar to adjust the map of Kuropa. The colossal tinturo of the worlc to Imisti away the * political creations of the Preach conqueror - ns well ns to reconcile the seriously conflict ing Interests of the different dynasties , bo- caino apparent very soon after the august body had bo un Its deliberations. This was particularly so with rotcronca to Germany , whcro the uncompromising cibillsm between Austria and Prussia created dllilcultios Which nt several stages of the congress threatened un outburst of opnn hostllltlos bo- twocn the different sections of the country. Tliorotunt of Napoleon from Elba , however , In Alnrrh , 1S15. brought the quarrels to n fipeedy end , tbo boundaries of over tlilrty llttle German states wcro drawn , n , loose union wns patched up between them nnd tbo congress adjourned. The German people soon discovered that In the adjustment of these matters the dynas tic Interests nlono wororespccted , whllo their own rights wcro shamefully Ignored. In driving tlio French usuper from their soil the jiooplo had made unparalleled sacrifices of wood mill treasure The political distraction of their country , which for nearly three hun dred years had made them thoprey of foreign conquerors , bud neon accomplished ns n ro- milt of their stnunch ndliereneoand manly defense - fenso of the principles of religious liberty. 3n Franco , Knglaml , Spain , Portugal and tbo Scandinavian countries that creed nlono was tolerated which the royal will prescribed nnd thus political unity bucnino intact. Germany , however , had emerged from the thirty years'war , devastated nnd impover ished beyond description , cut np Into n largo number of potty dynasties , but proud of having conquered for tlio world that freedom of conscience which was tlio forerunner throughout the civilized world of nil subse quent movements for the betterment of inun- Idiul. But the relinuulslimcnt of political grcnlnoss had brought upon her untold mis- nrlcs , and when she had regained her imlo- pcndencn through her victories over NaL jmlcoii , sbo had n right to expert that the wood of her sons lind not bcen'splllcd in vain , nnd that n stron'g and united fnthorland would for nil tlmo to come protect her against invasions from without. The out- comoof the congress , therefore , fell like n wet bliniltet upon the whole people , their fondest hopes wcro blighted and deep-rooted discontent took possession of tbo masses. Tbo liuinilinting condition of the country Was felt most keenly by the flower of (3or- ( man youth , the students of the universities ; their patriotic indignation burst out In plain- tivo songs and speeches , unions ( bur.schcn- Rchaftcn ) wcro formed for tbo purpose of cul- tlvnting nlovo of country anil to aim nt building up a united Germany. Nor were their objects in the least concealed , for not n few avowed themselves to open revolution to nttnln them. Under the inspiration of Prime Minister Mcttcrnlch , of Austria , whoso vainglorious nature was fully equal to hK utter inability to comprehend tbo h < i'f J , uplratlons ot a. noble peoj > ) i < 'i JI.OHI m- Goniianv fearing fov I * * * i Ul ° rulers of to supprosaJlnoar- * safety endeavored JHVW -.utt-unions nnd caused arrests to ' o iliuuuTund prosecutions to bo Instituted. In order to escape them some of the best sons of the country left for foreign lands , nnd what Was Germany's loss w.is the Intter's ' Rain. Among these who In this period nnd ns n re sult of thcso prosecutions wcro cast upon our chores were Prof. Francis Llcbor , Carl Beck nnd Cliarles Follen. . Follon had been prominently Identified with Ibo Imrschenschafl nnd in 1810 wns sus pected of being an accomplice In the inurdor nf Kotzohue. n German author whoso rela tions to the Russian court had subjected him to the suspicion of being n Husslan spy anil an enemy of German unity. lie WAS utthat time a private lecturxir at the university of .lona , and although but twenty-three years of ago had already won high distinction ns n counsellor for several towns in his native homo , the grand duchy of IIcsso Darmstadt , whoso government sought to enforce against them an obnoxious war debt. Though noth ing-could bo shown against him In connection with ICotzohuo's taking off , nis liberal teach ings nevertheless subjected him to serious nmioynnccs which prompted him to leave his native country for Switzerland , from whcro. in January IS'-M , ho Immigrated to the United Btutcs. Shortly after his arrival ho wns ap pointed teacher ot German at Harvard col lege. Thrco years later ho was made pro fessor of ecclesiastical history nnd ethics , nnd soon after ho received the professorship of German literature nt Harvard , which ho held llvo years. Ho then became pastor of n Unitarian society In Now York and in Kast Lexington , Mass. In January IS 10 ho was a passenger on the Ill-fated steamer Lexington which wns burnt during the passage in Long Island sound , where ho lost his ; llfo , together with about ono hundred and seventy-live ether passengers , Follen Is the author ot a German grammar and reader. Ho wns a fre quent contributor to the reviews and often lectured on various scientific subjects. His writings and a sketch of nn unfinished work on psychology wow published nt Doston in 1841 In flvo volumes. During his llfo In this country ho was , like the most of hlscountry- uion , n staunch ndvocato of the null-slavery movement , and his great literary ability and unspotted llfo hnvo done much to secure for the Gorman character nn honorable recogni tion In this country. In 1SIMS ho wrote , nt the request of the nntl-slavcry society , an address to the American people , In which ho set forth in clear and forcible language the principles of his party. This pamphlet was distributed In congress , as well as at the different state capitals , and everywhere made n deep Im pression. On account thereof ho suffered many serious attacks , tt bclntr particularly urged atrulnst him that ho , n foreigner , was abusing the hospitality of this country by assailing her Institutions and throwing nflro- hruml Into our body politic. Ills manly nnd dignified reply was that In this country , where liberty was the boast of the people , nnd where tno declaration of Independence proclaimed nnd vouchsafed equal rights for nil , ho would not nbncgnto these sacred truths which ho had defended In his fatherland and for which ho hail sncrlllcod homo , beloved parent ! , , brothers , sisters and friends. Follen was nn Intimate friend of dimming , Theodore 1'nrker , Emerson , Tlcimor , Ihn- cr6ft , Longfellow and other great men of his time , Lr. ) Carl Hook , a friend of the former , hav ing llltowiso been prominently Identified with the burschcnsohaft , became a fugitive from t Germany and settled In the United States In i 3811. Ho h.sd studied philology at Berlin niul 1 Tubingen , and at the hitler school hnd re ceived tbo degree of doctor of philosophy. Upon his arrival In this country ho became * u teacher atii school In Northampton. M.iss , Subsequently ho established n school of his ownatPhlllipstotvn , oa the Hudson , nnd in 1SW ho was iniidn professor of the Latin Inn punpo and literature at Cambridge. lie nub- lIshiHl several works on philology , dlstln guished himself during thu war of the re bellion us a member of ttio sanitary commission , wrote nnd worked jeal ously for the education of the freed men , and was regarded as ; ono of the most public-spirited citizens of Massachusetts. Ho died nt Cambridge In March , 1SSU , lamented ami honored far beyond the limits of his adopted state. Prof. Francis Llober hardly needs nn Intro duction to tbo American reader. Ho was bora It. Berlin in March , 1SOO , and his child hood was spout Iii the time of the deepest hu miliation of Germany. In March , 1815. when Napoleon had broken loose ng.iln In Europe , though a moro boy , Llebor , with his twooldor brother * , enlisted us a volunteer , fought at Llgny as well as in the battle of Waterloo , nnd was dangerously wounded a few days later In the storming of Namur. Upon his rccovorv , the wnr being ended , ho rosumoti Ills studies , llrat In bis native city and next Ut Jcua , wlwro ho KraduaJ SAlt lui ontuusl- astlc devotion to a free and united Germany had brouKlithlm In conflict with the nuthorl- tics , and bo was led to Groow In order to tnUo part In the struck ) for Greek Independence against the Ottoman empire. Sonwwhat later wo llnd him In Home , whew ho was hoi- pliably admitted Into the family of the gro.it Gorman historian. Nlobuhr , Who was , nt that time , Prussian cmuussador nt the Vatican , ami who appointed him private tanchcr for his oldcit snn. Aftcra year's sojourn there ho returned - turned with letters cf recommendation from Niob'lhr ' to Harlln , Dulbelngnirnln suspected of unlawful con federations against the exist ing order of things ho was arrested anil con fined In the fortification of Kocpnllc , where he wrote n number of lyrical poonis of no menu order. From this prison ho WAS released - leased through the Inlluoncoof his friend and patron Nlebuhr , whereupon ho went to Lon don , nnd ho remained there until lS2r , sup porting himself by teaching lansuagos and writing forCrermin periodicals. In ISJ7 ho came to the United States nnd scttkvl In Bos ton. His great learning and high nobility ot chnr.ictor soon secured him InUlng friend ship among the foremost men of the country , such ns Joslah Qnlncy , president of Harvard university , William tilery Chan- iilng , Professor Fclton , Judijo Story , the his- torlnus Prescottand Bancroft. George Tick- nor , the peat Longfellow nnd CharlcM Stun ner , lie commenced his career first ns a lec turer on history and politics In the larger cities , maintaining at tuo same time a swim ming school In Ioitonand ! next ho undertook the editorship of tlio Encyclopedia Ameri cana , based upon Brockhaus' Conversations Lexicon. Translations of a French work on tbo revolution of Julv , lsw : , and of lAjncr- bach's life of Kaspar llausor came from his pen during tlio sntno uorlod. In 1S3J ho translated the work of Do Heaumont and Do Tor-quovlllo on the penitentiary system of tlio United States nnd nddod an Introluetlon and notes and somewhat later bo wrote ut the re quest of the trustees of Glr.ird colic-go a plan of education and instruction for that institu tion. In ISH : appeared his "Letters to a Gen tleman In " book entertain Germany , a highly ing as well as Instructive , and In isr : > his "Kemlnlscenccs of Niobuhr. " In the same rear ho took charge of the professorship of history nnd political economy in the South Carolina college nt Columbia , whcro ho re mained until l 'S , when ho followed ncall to the same professorship nt the Columbia col lege , Now York. During this period ho oub- Ilshcd numerous Important works , chief among which are ! "A Manual of Political Kthlcs , " two volumes , adopted by Harvard college nnd many other high schools In this country as a text boolc nnd highly recom mended by Judges Kent nnd Story ; "Legal and 1'olltlc.il Hcrmonlutlcs , or "Principles of Interpretation nnd Construction in Law and Politics. " "Laws of Property , " "Essays on Property and Labor , " and "Civil Liberty nnd Solf-Govornnieut. " Ho also wrote "Kssavs on Subjects of Penal Law and the Penitentiary System , " on the "Abuso of the Pardoning Power" nnd many occasional papers , such as "Letters on An glican nnd Galilean Liberty ; " a paper on the vocal sounds of Laura Hrldginnn , the blind deal' mute , compared with the elements of phonetic language , besides numerous ad dresses and political articles , among which his inaugural address nt Columbia college , on "Individualism , or Socialism and Commun ism , " stand out prominent. During the war of the rebellion Prof. Liober spent much of his tjrno In Washing ton ' < , whither ho had been called by the gov ernment : as counsellor In impn'tant questions relating to international and military law , and at the request of General Hnlleck ho drafted ttio "Instructions tortho Government of Annies in the Field , " which were pub lished by order of the war department as general order No. 100 and circulated among the staff ofllcors of the armies , Tbo grout Frenchman Laboulnyu calls thcso instruc tions n masterpiece , while Bluntschll , the foremost ; authority on International law in Kuropo , has published them with flattering comments as an appendix to his international code. < ' As president of the society for loyal publications ho wrote during the war many patriotic pamphlets which did much toatf/o - the enthusiasm of the people and - " -1 * ° wo will nanio the foljcu' ' ; K wluc" now , all for our - : ' ' . ' , ' ? : , ° v' y Clellnn " " country , " "Lincoln or Me- f . , , y.yi slavery , Plantations or the Yeo- .i.u.ry. " Among those who have spoken with pro found adniiratlonofU'rof. Lleber's works and Ins noble charactcrjaro Chancellor Kent and Judge Story , Charles Sumner , William H. Prcscott , Prof. Groanlcaf nnd George Ban croft In the United States , Henry Hallani and Prof. Creasy in England , Allttormaler , Von Mohl nnd Bluntschll in Ger many , Laboulayo nnd Do TocquoViUo In France , Koliu and Janneinynsln Belgium and Plcrantonl nnd Gavelli in Italy. Canrlos Sumner extolled Xaebcr beyond all measure and In ono of his letters writes about him : "I owe Licber nn enormous and lasting debt of gratitude. " Judge Story says "Lie- bcr's conversation is always fresh , original and sparkling with reminiscences1 , and again "be always makes mo think , " William II. Prescott writes to him : "Your book ( political ethics ) is so full of hints that the reader is but half done when ho has read It , for it leads him ton train of thought which ho might pursue after perusal. " Chancellor Kent "Llobor's ' eminence as n scholar in history , political economy , ethical philosophy , geography and the sciences would establish the reputation of any university in the country. His talents , his learning , his great moral worth are recognized by the fore most scholars and Jurists. " Prof. Grcenlcaf In spoaklnggonerally about his works says : "Ho always plunges into the deepest water nnd conies oat a good swim mer. " Says Judge Tlmyor In his excellent memorial or.itlon : "Liber hated a dema gogue oven more than ho hated a tyrant. " Llebor's patriotic attachment to h Is adopt ed country became particularly transparent when la 1SI9 , during n brief visit to his na tive country , lie rejected the most tempting offer made to him in por.wi by Frodorlo William IV , , then king of Prussia. Never theless his heart beat with enthusiasm for his old fatherland during her war with Prance In 18TO nnd 1871. The blood of the young volunteer soldier of 1815 rushed through his veins nnd unspeakable wns his Joy when at last he found the dream of his youth realized nml the aspirations of his heart for which ho had suffered persecution had become " come an accomplished" fact in the uni fication of Germany. Thus ho writes on the ISth day of August , 18TO : "My letters from Germany show that nil Germans , in spired bv the noblest sentiments , are rna'dy to sacrifice all , treasure and life , lu defense of their fatherland. Kvon fathers of families will not bo turned away. Ofllcers of high rank enter as volunteers and servo as privates. ' 'And here I sit nnd write like ; nn old Philistine. It Is toohard. " Ho was taken otT suddenly In lS7i : whllo engaged in the preparation of a great work concerning the origin of the constitution of the United States. Ills InflucncQ on Ainericnn literature li Inestimable ; our country owes him n lastIng - Ing debt of gratitude , and to him may bo appropriately applied the words of Goethe : Worden boston solnorro I t.Ecnug got baa , Dor hat golubt ( or nllozultcn. Returning to Germany wo llnd that notwlth standlngtheinoststringcnt measures ndoptei J by the several German governments lu < the attempt to suppress liberal thoughts and the efforts made In behalf ot German unity , the fire continued to smoulder beneath the ashes and threatened nt times to burst out in con sumlng flames. The so-called German con federation with Its diet at Frankfort con slstodof thirty-eight Independent sovereign i- tics ; the internal management of these wn , s ( In the main foreign to Its functions ; nevertheless - tholoss the governments had In 1819 , by tli o so-called Karlsbad resolutions , delegated tc it certain powers for the "prosecution o if demagogues" and the rigid control through i- out the confederation of all universities , they being the seats of the turbulent elements. For this , among other reasons , the diet wns looked upon with undisguised scorn bv the moro Intelligent of the German peoplo" , and when hi July , 1S30 , the revolution broke out In Paris , which hurled Charles X. from UU [ throne , an impetus was given to the students , principally of western Germuny , to shako oil the yolco under which they were smarting. Accordingly combinations "wero formed for the purpose of breaking up the diet. On April a , 1SJJ , a number of students made an attack on the confederate guards , ox-palled them and took possession of the guardhouse. They were thrown back , however , by subse quent reinforcements and nftor a spirited street fight a number of them were captured , whllo the others Hcd , Among these who were Implicated in this sallv was Lieutenant Governor Gustavus A. Koornor , now of Uollovllle , III. , at that tlmo a young student In Jena , whoso honest nnd outspoken dovo- tlon to the cause of a united Germany had already subjected him to serious annoyances while u student at Munich in 18IW. Oustavui A. Koorncr was born nt Prank- fort in Hu ! ) mul studied at Jona nnd Munich. In May 18VJ , ho graduated at Heidelberg ns doctor Jurist , and lu July , IS'M. ho came to tbo United States. Hero he settled In Hollo- vino. 111. , nnd In Juno , 1805 , was admitted to the bar of the btato. Illinois was at that tlmo a frontier state , legal uloul was rare , aud , richly : endowed as young ICoernnr was by the best 1 universities on the continent , ho could not i fail to Hndspcoily recognition. In ISIJho was elected lo the legislature , ami In ISt.'i be came associate Judge of the supreme court of the state- , which position ho hold several yenr.s. His decisions , foiud In the Illinois supreme court reports , are admitted by the belt Jurists In the land to bo models of clear ness and legal acumen. In 1S3J Mr. Koernor was elected lieutenant governor of the state on the demoor.itlo ticket , but n , few years later the Kansas-Nebraska bill nnd the out- r.iifes of the border ruftlaus In Missouri nnd Kansas prompted him to tnl < a his position la the front rank of the movement for the or- Ranlzatlon of the republican pirty , vrhciv , In conjunction with his friends , ( leorgo Schnei der , Caspar Uutz , Gcorgo Iilllgaertner mid others , \vlcldod n powerful Influence among the German-speaking population of the north west in the C.U1SO of fvco labor. At the out- bivak of the rebellion ha served ns n staff ofllcnr with the rank of colonel under Fre mont an I Ilalleck In the dcpirtment of tbo Missouri , nnd about a year later President Lincoln , bolng personnllv acquainted with Mr. Koerner's riro iitt'imnionts and gro.it moral worth , appointed him United Stales minister at the court of Spain. In IS'W ' ho served as elector at largo from Illinois on the Grant ticket , and at the organization of the railroad nnd ware- lioaso commission In Illinois in 1ST1 , Governor I'almor appointed him ono of thocommls- alonors , in which capacity ho scrvod the In terests ot the public faithfully and -with great skill for several years. Governor Koerner is nn author of high ablhtv. Mow than llfty years ago ho wrote for a periodical in Heidelberg , called , "IJas Ausland , " u series ot essays on Atnorlcn , in wnich ho dU much to Instruct the German ro.ulerj about this country. On the other hand ho has published many papers In the English language Intending to familiarize the American reader with the Hornnn char acter nnd to render the two elements more harmonious. About ton years ao there appeared from his pen a history of the Gertmn element In the United States from ISIS tolStS.nresDect- nblo voluni3 of great merit , written in the German language. Mr. Koorner lives at Hellcvllle , 111. , and after a longlifoot' honest and useful endeavor , now enjoys in full mousuw "An honored old ago , serene and bright , Andlovolyas u summer night. " A man who in this connection deserves prominent recognition is Friedrich Muench. ISndowcd with a gentle and peaceful disposi tion , ho'toolrno open part in a revolutionary movement , but ho was a warm personal friend of Carl Follon , became dissatisfied with the existing order of things In Germany anil loft for the United .States about the time Governor Kooruer uamo here. Ho had acquired his collegiate education at the university of Oiosen and was already thirty- four years of ago when ho emigrate J. Heat once struck out for the far wcstand set tled noarllornuui , Mo. , notas a fortune seek ing adventurer , but to llnd a permanent homo. Ho established n nioJol farm , In troduced from ICuropean fields and gardens many ruro and proclous plants and with his well ordered mind and higli education , exer cised on the confines of civilisation a refining and humanizing iullucnco over a wide ter ritory. lie wwte a number of works In. the Gorman language , soiao of which on religion and Christianity , etc. . wcro translated into Knglish and published in Boston more than forty years aifo. Ills book on the state of Missouri , in which ho gave a mlnutoand en- tertainins description of the ndvautaje.s which his adopted state offered to Ilio Eu ropean immigrant , was published ami circu lated widely InGcrnianyabouttho same time and did more than anything- else to attract the Germans to that region. Of what ines timable value this was to the cnuso of the union is best shown by the fact that at the nlmost i , " ' -6 " "native population were rebels , there v ro instantly four Gorman volunteer regi ments organized who marched oub to Camp .1 nckson , about ton miles distant , captured the rebel troops ( about ten thousand strong ) which were organized there under the protec tion of the gnvcrnorof the state , and brought them into town as prisoners. This was tue end of secession in St. Louis. General Grant in speaking of these facts says that It was ono of ttio best things done in the whole war. for had neb St. Louis been rescued by the German troops the contest would have not bacnoverVichsburgbut over St. Louis and the perils of. the situation would hive boon incalculable. [ Around the \Vorld with Geucral Grant , Vol. 'J , pages 405 to-lOS.1 Muench also wrote the life of Carl Pollen , a work on American grape culture nnd many pamphlets on the topics of the day. Ills literary pseudonym wns "Fnr West. " At all times ho maintained fearlessly that to own property In human beings was a crime. With a manly and Intrepid heart ho remained faithful to these views , though his lot was cast In a slave state and notwithstanding tbo fact that his llfo and property and the safety of his family were often In Jeopardy during the rebellion , as well as at the tlmo the bor der rufllans held sway in western Missouri. During the Fremont campaign of 1S" > 0 , as well ns in 1SGO , ho was a prominent German speaker throughout the northern states for the republican eauso , whllo from 18' ' ! ) to 1850 ho hold a seat in the legislature of his state. Ho was a man ot ) irm convictions , and upright and sincere tea a fault. Ho died in the year 1STO. Tlio period in German history which moro than any ottier 1ms Hooded this country with uncounted numbers of highly educated men in all walks of llfo Is tbo revolution of 1S43. This epoch was the immediate forerunner of the wara that solidified Germany under the roglmo of Prussia. Tbo events of that mem orable year served as a powerful reminder to the dynarties of Germany that the long yoarned-for union had to bo brought about , and therefore acted as a powerful impetus to Prussia , the leading German power , to hasten thounitlcation. Those men who participated in the movement of ISIS from pure motives of patriotism have woven around tlicir brows wreaths of Imperishable laurels. True , as In all similar movements there were also en gaged in this , men who prosecuted solllsh emu , but they nro merely the dark spots on the sun , wlioso Influence remains uudlmmed. Following I will en deavor tobrielly sketch the lives of few of these men , who , having been known as revo lutionaries in Germany , came to this country and achieved prominence hero In various v/avs. First aud foremost among thcso stand Carl Sctuir . Carl Schuiv. was born on March 2 , 1S2U. near Cologne. Ilostudled philosophy and history nt Conn when the revolution broke out , nnd from there at once hastened to the scene of notion at Baden , were the light was hottest. When the revolt was suppressed and ho became a fugitive ) ho planned and accomplished nt the risk of his own lifotho escape of Professor Gottfried Kinkel , who was confined at the fortification of Spaudau for high treason nsan accomplice in the revolution. KluUcl was Schuw's pre ceptor at college , and by the daring feat , characterized as it was by the most loyal do- votlon to a friend , Schuiv. exhibited in nn eminent degree the noblest qualities of manhood. Ilooscnpcd with Kinkul to London where ho supported himself by giving lessons hilaugua03 and muslo. In IS.V1 no came to the United States , and bis career hi this country Is well known to the public. In 185 > 5 lie , like all other prominent Germans In America , took a loading part in the Fremont rcampaign. . In 1SOO ho was an influential member of the national convention at Chi- cngo which nominated Abraham I-ilncoln , nnd the speeches ho delivered during the cam- ipnlgn Throughout the country , both In Eng- lish and Gorman , nro ranked without stint as among the most eloquent nnd effective of that memorable epoch. President Llnc-oln , shortly after his inauguration , appreciating Schurz's great worth , nppDlutca hunUalteif States minister to Spain , where ho remained until January , 180' ) , when ho roturaod li : order to take part In the wnr for the union. Ho rose cmlckly to the rank of major genonil and served to the end of tlio war with dls- Unction. In 1S05 ho was appointed by Prcsl- dent Andrew Johnson commlsslonof to ro- port on tno condition of the south , whllo In I SOS the legislature of Missouri elected him United States senator. In 1S7J ho stood at otho head ot the liberal movement , which ro- suited in the nomination of Horace Groelny for president. Four years later ho was ono of the ni < i3t prominent advocates of the oloc- tion ot Rutherford H. Hayes , nnd during the ensuing administration ho held the portfolio of secretary of the interior. Schurz was oalways a staunch advocate , of civil service- reform and thU nerved n number of year. * ago to cstrango him from the ruling party , but In whatever path ho walked during tlio presl- kdcntlul campaigns of the last twenty-four years , ho has novcr followed ought but his innermost convictions. Tor the high oral- nenco on which ho now stands ho la Indebted oalone to hla transcendent abilities , and not to the urts or wills of the demagogue. III * oratory li of the highest order ; Uo combine ) philosophical thought nnd keen logic w-lth nn tncxhaustlhlo wealth of knowledge , elcganco of diction , poctlo boanty and a manly fervor. Ho also ranks high as an author ; his llfo of Henry ( 'lay Is a noble work , and wo uro assured that othoHoiiually meritorious on American his torical topics may bo looked for from his pen. A man of high literary attainments , whoso reputation ns an author both hero and in Ku rope Is llrmly founded , is Frederick Knpp , Ho was born In 1W1 , studied Jurisprudence between the years isij and 1845 at Heidel berg and Ucrlln , came to Americans a revo lutionary u.xllo lu is.'o. Ho was soon admitted to the bar of Now York and practiced law lu Now York City until 1STO , when ho returned to his native country. In ISC.3 ho wasnp- pointed by the governor of Now York emi gration cotntnlssloitnr. During1 the antislavery - slavery agitation preceding the war ho woto n history of slavery In the United States which did much to * enlighten the Gorman- sneaking population of tbo United States nbout the moral wrong of slavery ns well ns the economic disadvantages resulting from that peculiar institution. AmoiiR his other works which nro widely circulated anil read with Interest by thn Germans of both hemis pheres nro "History ol German Immigration In Now York , " "Life ot Huron voiiStcuben , " "fjife of General do Knlb , " "Frederick the Great ana the Uliitcd States , " and others. After his return to < Germany in 1870 , all political exiles having been previously am nestied , he quickly rose to recognition , was elected member of the , German parliament , nnd turned the oxpjriencovhloh ho had nc- qulro.l during Ids residence. In the United States concerning the political Institutions of a free country to good advantage. For a number of years hovus correspondent for the Now York Nation and other American periodicals. He died ntHerlinin 1S3I. Among these of the political exiles of IS 19 who settled in the west were the two brothers , KMIITS Andross lleinrieh Schneider and George Schneider. The former , who Rrutuatod ns doclir jurist from Heidelberg , find secured fop himself an enviable reputa tion asajuridlcial writi'rby his work entitled "Tho Communion of Property Among Mar ried People Under the Law of Francs. " The work was translated into the French language nnd most fnvorablyeommonto.lon byomiii"nt juriuts both In Franco nnd Germany. It still holds a high place as a text-book In these countries. Tlio brothers at first settled In St. I ouls , whore they published a German dally en titled Die Isouo Zeit. and whew the elder rc- muiiicd , whllo the younger , George , started out for Chicago in isr > i. Franz soon after changed the journalistic career for the bar. As a public-spirited citizen ho bccamo n loader , and at the outbreak of the rebellion oxorcbed a great Inlluoncu in the organization of Gorman troops for the mnintcmanco of the uulon. For ninny years ho held tbo position of chief clerk of the consolidated courts at St. Louis. He died In ls(57. ( George Schneider , who , in the revolution of IS is , nt the ago of twenty-live yoar.s , was a commissioner of the provisional republican government of the Palatinate nnd upon whom tlio death penalty had boon pronounced , which the legislature of Bnvnrin removed in Hit ) , bccamo In IS51 part owner and editor of the Illinois Staats- Xeitung , now a Gennun dailv of wide circula tion and powerful Inlltienco in Chicago. Mills was about tbo time of the stormy session of congress which culminated in the adoption of tlio fugitive slave law that found in Schneider on the platform as well as in the columns of Ills paper n manly opponent. When a few yniM later the Kansas and Nebraska bill was introduced , Schneider was amonj ? tlio llrst who in the Inteivst of free labor , by their strenuous opposition , aroused the indignation of tbo western people against the perils of opening up our tm-itorcs nortu and south to tbo admission of slavery. Little prepared , as the western people * < . . ; ' ' fu.lllr * "V- * m * * ' * 'r 'I l.tT.i * .is they diit to a largo extent , withiho southern cause , n mob gathered in 1S5. in front of Schneider's ofllco nnd threatened to demolish the building , which would liavo boon done tiad the mob not encountered the well armed employes behind barricaded door.s nnd windows. George Schneider was a mem ber of the National Republican convention In 1S" > H which nominated Fremont for President as well ns of tbo republican convention of IbOO which nominated Abr.itmm Lincoln. In the spring of 18(51 ( ho was appointed by Presi dent Lincoln , with whom bo was personally ncciualntodUnited States consul at Ilulsinorc , whcro ho was particularly charged , with the duty of aiding our representatives in onliuht- cnlng the govcrinnents and peoples of north ern ISurono as to the , objects of our govern ment In Its attempt to suppress the rebellion , and to pave tlio way , for the sale of our gov ernment securitiesInKuropo. Thotnskneeom- plishod.Schncidor returned homo nnd in 1W , was appointed by President Lincoln collector of Internal revenue. In the samoycav he sold his Interest in the t Illinois Staats-XoiUing , which under his administration had beoa a powerful mainstay to the republican party. During the war bo Mrtis a member of the union do fenso committee for the state of Illinois. When Schneider's term of oftlco closed ho dovotcd himself to the 'unking business In which ho achieved A brilliant success. Ho stands today at the Head of the National Hank of Illinois , ono of the wealthiest bank ing institutions in the country , and has for several years past occupied the hon orable position of president of the Bankers' club at Chicago. In 1S7 ho was offered by President Iln.ves the appointment of United States minister to Switzerland , which ho declined. In 1830 ho was nn elector at largo on tbo GarJleld ticltet. George Schneider owes his great success as a politician and financier to the combined qual ities of sound discretion and strict integrity. To him honesty is not only tuo best policy , but a self-evident cheerful duty with tbo ful fillment of which no temptation however glit tering could over Interfere. Another man who was one of the exiles of the Gorman revolution of IS4S and left a last- in jji impression on his countryman in his eiforts In favor of free labor w.is Casper RutHo came to this country in Ib5l ut the ago of twenty-five yc-irs , lived at llrst In Boston , then in Detroit and afterward in Chicago , I Its services dur ing the Fremont and Lincoln campaigns as a political writer nnd speaker cannot bu easily overestimated. Ho was likowlsu a poet of no mean order , some of Ills peens : having secured - cured an abiding place In German literature. In 1S5S ho was elected lo a seat in the legisla ture of Illinois and a ycnrlatorcuosca clerk of the superior court at Chlna o. In 1ST1 no became - came ono of the nenitenthiry commissioner ; ! of Illinois. Ho died In the year 1SS1 highly ostoomeii bv all who know him. A unique" and highly gifted man who came to this country as nivsultof his revolutionary writings , Is Hermann Ulster , the eJitor-In- chief of the Illinois Staats-XeltungntChlcaijo. From the moment ho began to wlold Ids pou us an editor of the Buffalo Demokrat In Ml UU heart and Intellect were enlisted in the ciuso of the free labor party. In Ib5) ) ho be came the editor of the Now Yorker Attend- JCultung , which under hla leadership became ono of the most ofiicient republican organs In the east , Ho came to Chicago In 18(57 and was made editor-in-chief of the Illinois Stuats-tfcitun ? , which by his ability has been lifted to unprecedented prominence among the German dailies In the country. In ISM as well ns in 187:1 : Has tor was n member of the national republican conventions and In the former It Is largely duo to his Indefatigable efforts ns a member of the committee on plat forms that the greenback crnzo which nt that tlmo threatened to swamp the country , was frowned down and a hard money plunk was adopted , Kastor has the reputation of being n man of exceedingly blunt manners , but upright and honorable ton fault. Munv years ago lie was a regular contributor to "Apple- ton's Cyclopedia and during the war ho was the American correspondent for the National at Uerlln , the Allgomolno X.oltuug In Augsburg , the Woiier Xel- tung in Dromon and the Ncuo Frolo frossoln Vienna. In alibis letters ho showed a warm de votion to the union , and did much tocultivnto that confluence in Germany , by which such n ready market for our government bonds lu the Germany money coalers was secured. Ills Htylo li alilto vigorous and lucid , rich with striking sinilltudos anil popular Illustra tions. and hU literary staiidlnu is as well founded abroad as at homo. Ono of the most prolificnnd best known writers In this country 1 Prof. Alexander J. School , who came to America In ISTilattho ago of twonty-llvo years , having completed his studios at Uonu and Tubingen. Ho ll t bocauio professor of ancient and modern languages at tbo Collegiate institute In Mount Hoilv , and afterwards at Dickinson college , Carlisle , Pa. In 1SST ho published In con nection with Prof , Crooks a Latin-Kiiwllsh school dictionary , \yhllo two years later ho bccamo a regular contributor to the Iiow American cyclopmdta. ami subsequently to the Annual American ryclopirdhi , for which lu addition to a great many other articles , ho prepared the history- almost all foreign countries , his contributions to the \vorkcom prising several ypJuinei. Ho also wrote a largo number of articles for the Cyclopaedia of Theological Biblical , and Kcclcslastlc.il Lltoraturo Klnco ISCO ho has lived In Now York engaged wholly lu literary pursuits both in Gerniau ami Knglish. About the anmo your there np- iionrod from his pen the American Kocloilas- tlcnl Year Hook , which has had two continua tions In the American Kocleslastlcal ami Educational Almanac. Prom ISOJ to ISil'.l ho was ono of tlio editors of the Now YorU Irluutii * , having under his manaircuient tbo entire foreign deinrtiuent as well as the edi torship of the Tribune Almanac. Ho has idso prepared for tbo National Almanac and the American Year Book nnd National Hog- Istor , nil articles relating to foreign countries. In INV.I ho took charge of tlio preparation and publication of thoGeriniii-Amorloaii Conver sations Lexicon , n handsome work of cloven volumes , which npncarod In IS71. In con junction with President Barium ! of Co lumbia college , New York , lie lilcowlso toolt charge of tlio publication of Johnson's Unl- voMiil Illustrated Cydopodla. : A universal table based upon "HuobnorV Statistician Tnbelle , together with a statistical number of other works of great merit have sineo becnimbllslied by him , Hois still living lu Now York , The exodus of learned young men from Germany on account of the revolution of IS IS operated ns n rich fertilizer particularly on the Held of Gorman Journalism In America. A largo number of highly Rlftod yomiK men could bo named who devoted their minds and hearts to the literature of thoday.und hardly a single case am bo pointed out in which any of these lent his pen to advocate the interests of slavery. They wcro to a man staunch sup porters of five labor , and the Influence which they wielded on behalf of the republican party , speaKlng- they did through their or gans to millions of their countrymen lu their native language ? , Instructing them In the his tory of their adopted country ami ciiligliti'ii- mg them as lo the dulv they owe to It as citi zens , has beu of Incalculable benefit to the country nt largo. U afore the arrival of these exiles the German press of America was but nn Insignificant factor In our politics ; they were the nieii who raised it ton power in the land , nnd while It has boon divided on the general Issues of the day since the war nnd the reconstruction of the union , it was before and during the war almost unanimous In its opposition to these elements which threat ened to perpetuate slavery and to destroy the union. Many of these mon have long since passed away , but In gratitude to their mem ory it Is duo that brief mention bo made hereof of Deriihanl Domsehko , editor of the Mil waukee Herald aud an olllccr In the union army during the war of the rebellion. Christ ian Ksslen , editor of the Atlantis , Otto Kovcntlow , the mneinouiclan nnd Kuiil Kotliakor , both of Cincinnati , Dr. Adolnh U'lusner , publisher of Dor Golst derAt , Carl Helnzoii , the radical of the Boston Plo- nler , Frederick Ilausstiurek , the orator and Journalist of Ohio. George Ilillgacrlner aud Daniel HortleoC St. Louts , to till of whom , besides many others , the country is greatly Indebted for their noble efforts on behalf o'f human freedom and the union of the states. Others like lleinrieh Uournstein , colonel of one of the four German regiments that cap tured G'tunpJaokson ' in Missouri at the out- broalc of the wnrnnd now and for manv years past the correspondent of tlio Illinois Staats /citungat Vienna ; Gottfried Kcllncr , editor of the Philadelphia Demokrat ; Kuill Pr.io- torlus , editor of the Westllchu Post ; Carl U.ienzer of the Anzoiger des Wostcns , both of St. Louis. Wilhclm Knpp of the Illinois Staats Xoitunir and formerly of tlio Baltimore - ' moro Weckcr , ISdnard Scldaeger , formerly of the Illinois Stunts Zoitung and now in Berlin , Prussia , Dr. Hnnskudllch nnd Siginund Kaufman , both of New York , nro still among the living and active in their calling- , the most ofthemns journalists. It will bo remembered that aLLl1jj"j ) | above refcrrftLtoaMCliruomirioa from 1S4S wore v jf enthusiasts , fresh from school mid inspired by ideas for wnich they wcro ready to sacrifice thuir lives. It has never been claimed that any one of these men were actuated by seltlsh motives , and the worst that their opponents have been able to urge against them is that they wcro misguided youths. The case is different , however , with those who , In the rlpr years of manhood , acted as leaders in the move ment , whoso previous career in Germany as well as their revolutionary conduct is there fore well knoivu , and whoso chaivictor in Germany affords to the searcher after truth , n study as interesting and Instructive as that relating to the American c.irecr of the younqer men. As already intimated , the scones In thollttlo grandducny of Badou were the most exciting , and it Is tlicro where the revolutionary p.irty held sway for a time after they had succeeded In driving- the monarchical government from the country. The principal leaders In the movement were Frederick iloelcer , Lorenz Jlroiitano and Gustuv Struvc , all three of whom came to this country after the okl svstem was re stored. The events of the BaJish revolution have been written up from different stand points , but none has treated ttiem so ex haustively us the eminent German historian , Ludwlg Haeusscr , professor of history at Heidelberg , In bis work entitled , "Dculc- wurdlgkoitonAusdcr Badlscbon'Kovolution , " published in 1331. Ho is a keen observer of men and events , records the facts faithfully and persuades the reader that the conclusion ho draws relating to the character of the [ ciders Is fully justified. A personal ac- qalntnnce of many years' standing with , the actors in the drama facilitated the work of rendering ntruo account of these inemor.iblo events , It may bo added that ho Is thoauthor of a history of the reformation , and of a his tory of the German people from the close of the thirty years' war in 10IS to the close of the Napoleonic wars in 1S15 , both works of universally recognized merit. In the case of Friedrich Hecker wo are advised by some of his best and dlscrclcst friends that the judgment of the historian is admirably well foundedand Intbatot 1/orcnz Hrentano the fact Is that the men of his own partv who were members of the revolutionary government under him speak of him sub stantially in the same spirit , In which ho is treated by Ludwlg Hneusser. For a better appreciation of tlio career of these two men in this country , and in the interest of truth , it may , therefore , not bo out of place to quote a few passages from Ilaeusscr's work. About Friodrlch Hecker , the historian has to say : "Before the revolution Friedrich Hecker was the spoilt child of tlio liberal opposition. Since ISlvi n member of the Uadi.sh chamber of deputies ho ro presented the youthful , tin- fermented and stormy element of the Badish left. Endowed by nature with brilliant taloatsas a public speaker , gifted with all ex ternal advantages nnd a charming and lively Individuality , skillful ns a dialectician nnd quick in ropirtoe , like the bast routined ad vocate ; ho was in reality the Percy Hotspurof the Badish revolution and with his Impetuous and passionate temper and hlg > i Iligtits of fancy a strong support for the party with which he trained , though It was impossible to keep him In discipline. Naturally inclined to bo eccentric , peculiar and odd , without tlio lust nuusuroof a moro refined mental train ing , ho was and always romnlnol tbo gay student , who conducted politics as ho would crack n student's joke without premedita tion , fickle-minded , a parfoet moJol of a student's nonchalance. Ills Ideas were In a state of wild fermentation , nclearpolitic.il system could not bo brought out of him. Ho had read much , but digested little ; ho lacked the kind of education which permeates man's entire being , and docs not only cling to thu external side of thinir.s-orlsliml ideas and real political thoughts stood out but llttlo In his public u iterances , but striking sentences , similitudes and reminiscences were Interwoven by him Into n splendid whole. With a remarkable talent for nega tion ho could hardly bo taken for a product ive political gjnlus. Ho would certainly have become as much of a mediocre revolu tionary statomian as ho was an excellent lawvcnmd n skillful speaker. Capricious , sensitive , irritable as ho was , endowed with a largo dose of vanity , ho finally became to his party a real burden ; discipline and party tactics were matters which tno whimsical and interallied man could not bo brought up to. Still nmonp the several mon of promin ence who wcro ralsad up by the radicalism of Baden , during1 the latter days of the revolu tion Hecker was after all the most tolerable. Personally ho ha 1 inuny peed qualities. Ho wai sincere and without knavery , go > d im- turcdnudbaniiloss toward lib friends , and in Ills poiMomil lntorcoui-30 nn amiable , though nu easily irritated man ; susceptible of enthu siastic emotions nnd tliough Impelled by self conceit anil uu Imperious nature , lie was hot governed by tiio low motive that con trailed the weaklings who followed him , HU talents nHo placed him high nbovo thosn. Ho had all the qualities of a first class agitator , know how to excite the masses and army them with him and might have become n powerful partisan , though It may bo doubted If ho wns the man whoknowhow to mak" ! ! revolution. " ( Boo Hiicso Hnoussor pp. 115 otso . ) Hecker carao to America In hl'J at the ago of thirty-eight years and settled on a farm near Hcllovlllo , III. , whcro ho remalnoM to the end of his Ufa. The excellent qualities inontlone 1 by the Historian In the forr olns. ' extract stood htm in good stead In this i-oun try. During the exciting canvass of is'.o ho throw iiunself Impetuously Into the campalgi and deiivorcd stirring speeches for frco labor beforeInimensoOcrinan nudli'iiws throughout the country. At the outbreak of the war ho oritanlzodu regiment of Illinois volunteers and moved with it Into the Held as lu col onel , but owing to Ins Imperious nature , which involved him In serious quarrels Avlth several lluo ofllivr.s of the roglmi'tit. ho re signed thocommand In December , bill. In thosumnicr following ho organized anolhcr roKlment.at tins head of which ho served with distinction to tno end of the war , being seriously wounded ut Chaiiccllorsvlllo. In the sovornl presidential campaigns from 18.VJ onward , he did much valuable'mid unselfish service fortho republican party , both ns n spcaKer and a writer , nnd though often ten dered to him ho never accepted or held im of llco. Hcillctl In Mnrch , isy. . As to IjOi'enz Hreiituno , I lind on pages l 0 and lot of Ludwlg Haeusscr's historv the follow , \vhleh 1 translated literally : "A phenomenon observed In nil revolutions Is the precipitous decline , the quickly progressing - grossing deterioration of dciiiiigogy. Witness thotliuu of irs'.i.Vhat fearful disparity be tween Mlrabenu and Dantou , between the latter niul Uoboipiorro nnd Manit. Our revo lution presents In n smaller measure the .same spectacle. With Hooker the revolution be 'W ' ; lu lii'ontano it brought forward u far worse representative , mid even ho was quickly ovortiuccii when tbo last restraints were swept invav. "With lleckcr , Diviitnno had nothing In common but the scheming radicalism of the advocate. Of the Impetuous and exalted character of the yoiithlul tribune , which carried the masses with him , of his genuine lire of unthusfhiin , of his bewitching appear ance , Urcntuuo possessed nothing ; his whole niitiiro was that of a common , nye , even of n low demagogue. Heritor's inaivlduallty , Ids whole exterior , his ntldross , all these recalled the moments when the unchained passions , with dcinoaiiio power , control the souls uf men and sweep them irresistibly onward. I'Yom ' Hrentano , however , ono could only hear the demagogue's venomous art of calumnli- tlommd sophistry. Himself cold and seltlsh , Incapable of an enthusiastic emotion , with out an elevating thought , without ideas nnd without itkuls. Ureiitaao snowed in his whole external appearance , his speech and acts , nothing but ttio glib longuoaiui the dialectics of the advocate , the untiring zeal of the par tisan , the superior cunning of a pettifogger , the brazen face of a demagogue of the worst order. His speech was cold and sober , only warmed up artificially by personal spite anil by false und acrimonious denunciationswhile his bearing exhibited nn unspeakable inso lence , snueriitf ; nnd full of personal pill and when anger and wrath overpowered him It was doubtful whether thu whole appearance of the iinn was more disgusting than hideous. "AVo know well that the roloof artificial moderation which ho played later on bespoke for him a somewhat milder criticism , but the truth Is , of all men Avho in Murch isH tools part in imblic life In Baden , nobody bears such a terrible persoiial responsibility as ho , nnd none has deserved thu contempt of all parties , at the end even of his own , as did Lorcni Brontuno. " Tlio historian shows among other things Unit Lorcm Brentano becnmo a rebel against the lladlsh government for no other reason but because of bis disappointed ambition to bucanio a minister In the little duchy , and that his own friends often charged him with being possessed of "a porlufou'illu wuuV' ( a r.igo for a portfolio. ) l oronz Jirentuno came to this country in ISl'.t.Hlthe ' ago of thirty-seven years. Ho llrst settled in Pottsvllle , 1'a. , where ho started u Gorman newspaper , In which , however , no "hsaststtorjssftil."rltttrolacMho vtontrto" Cnlama/.oo , Mich. , where ho took nn interest n a brewery until about thu year 1SOU. Dur- ng thcso years ho remained neutral In tlio ; rout light for American free labor , not luiv- tig , so far as is known , cither written or poken a word in fay or of either party until u cnmo to Chicago about tlio1 year 1 W. In Vpril ISfiL ho secured an interest In tlio 1111- ois Staats uitung aud in ItiiU bought out leorgo Schneider and became the editor of 10 paper. In IStt" ho sold out his interest to . . ( J. llc.slng , organized a paper in opposition o tlio Staats Kcitung under the 11:11110 : of "ohiszoitung , but gave it up lisa failure in SOS. From lS < i , " > to life ho was a member of 10 boiii'd of education of Chicago and did lueh to introduce German into the public cliools. In tbo spring of l.Sli ho went to Ourope , whcro bo remained until the winter f isri. In September of the same year ho as appointed bv President Grant United tatci consul at broaden , which position ho t'signcd early in 1S7C. In tha summer of nit year ho presented himself to the ropub- can state convention at Springfield , 111. , ns candidate for secretary of state , but lulled 0 get the nomination. In the fall of Itfil ho uccccded , however , in being elected a mem- or of congress from ono of the Chicago dis- riots , but when ho sought n renoininallon wo years later , ho failed. Inl r'J ho obtained rom the judges at Chicago a rcconimciida- ion to the governor of Illinois foraa appoint ment as Justice of the poneo , and the governor ccordinglv appointed him , but the senate of lie statej Lieutenant Governor Andrew Sliumau , editor of the Chicago Evening Jour- al , presiding , voted not to confirm him , inco which time ho bus withdrawn from pol- tics , lie isstill living hi Chicago. As to Gustav Struvc , n man of fair literary ability and very prolillo as un author , it is ; enerally conceded that ho was aaunconipro- iiislng radical republican and uu impractical , houyh well meaning visionary. Ho lind done nueh literary work in Germany mid after Ills rrival in the Unitou States , resumed the .jublicatlonof a Gorman weakly called Dor Jeutscho Zusehaur , which ho hud previously lublished in Naiinliehn , Baden , but of vhich ho did not make u success. Ictwccn thoyears ISHI and 1S515 ho published 1 universal history of the world in six volumes vhich was subsequently continued to the ox- .cut of niiio volumes and which has secured mlto n circulation. There also Issued from ils pen several books on phrenology , n scl- cnco to which ho was deeply devoted and also a work 011 vegetarianism , in which ho llrmly jaliovcd. At the outbreak of the war ho en- istod as a private In a New York regiment , was soon poomoted to a captaincy , anil served until late in IStW. In , IMVi ha wns appointed United States consul at Somiobei'g , but thu Saxon Duchlod refused 'to giy > him the exequatur. Ho died in Vienna in 1S70. Notwithstanding some slight disadvantages the inllux of men of letters from Germany resulting from the political disturbance in that country before its unification , hiu been to th'3 country an incalculable blesiing. 1 reserve fora subsequent article the material afforded to show how many able und brilliant soldiers who came to this country under similar circumstances as these above iiK-n- tloncd , did. noulo service on the battle Holds of the union during the war of the rebellion , and nlso how inuneiiso tbo Hocks of immi grants wcro who were thrown upon our ihore-s as pirticipanUs lu the strife of IbIS , and who by thulr Intelligciu'o and industry beautilled and enriched our fields and rendered moat essential aid in the build ing up of our industries. I'lio foregoing or tlclo may servo to show to u limited extent how largely the American Intellect evinced in letters and politics was augmented by these Gorman uxllos. Nor may It bo amiss to state in conclusion that earnest study and profound learning were at all times largely represented by the Gorman immigrants of previous periods. Wo load in the history uf LiiiiiMslcr county , .Pennsylvania , that the students of Harvard collcgo wcro surprised at finding among tlio early German Immi grants so miiiy profound Latin scholars who spoke tlio hatin as llucntly ns their own na tive language. Dr. Kuatzo In Ilia last con- turv was praised by the American scholars as the founder of Hebrew and oriental phi lology in America. Father Oturbeln was a ' I'ro'teutnnt divine who came to America about the year l5'i. ' at the ago of twenty-six years , and died nt IJiiltlmoroin the year I Mil. "Is Father Ottorbeln dead I" ox claimed DHhop Ashbui'lon upjii hoarlni : the nowu of his demise : "Great and good man of God ! Honor to his church und his country ! lie was ono of the groato.it scholars and theologians who over came to this country or was hero. " And thus spoke the puro-mlnded Chui'lo.s Sunnier on the death o' John SwurU , n ropwsont.itlvo In cougi-at * ' from I'oniisylvunia , in the sonatochuinbor ot the United Statoi , Juiioiil , iniO : "Tho bravo and pure CJormun stock whicli oven from that early day , wliou llrst rovoulei ! to historv In the Bliiirp und clean-wit style ol Tacitus , has preserved Its original peculiar Itlos untouched by change , showing that , though the Individual IH mortal thui race n Immortal. Wo cannot foiyet the "Kitli.ir- land" which out of Iti abundance bus given to ourropubllo so many good heads , so many strong arms , with so much of virtue and in- tcllltronco , rejoicing itifroodoni and calling no mini master. " Uu. Osc.iil Unifs. Knsy expectoration , ineroasod powers of the lung * and thoonJoyniMitof roit , are thu rownrdi , upon taking Dr. Bull's Cough Syrup , to nil consumptive . Cuts , burns nnd nil ot'inr ' wounds , can hi cured in u short tlm" by the use of Salvation Oil , the great-st euro on earth fr pain , Price U coats. NEWYORK CHICAGO- - 'STLOUIS .DENVER SAN FRANCISCO LOSANGELQS > + . - ! PORTLAND. OREGON.llvri 14O9 DOUGLAS. Shears Snipping , Machines Humming , Busy Needles Plying , Every day in the year at NLCOLLS. Our Artists sometimes get a little bewildered , but only for a moment. Force of habit and long experi ence in the tailoring business insures accuracy of style and fitting of eve ry garment \vc make. Plenty of goods to choose from. Prices \v/thin reach of all. Trousers $5 $ to $15 Suits $20 to $50 Overcoats $15 to $45. Open cvory evening now forbusjpoo- T > lo to como. Hail orders are part of our business. 14O9 DOUGLA.S. ASOMETJIINC5XI3\V-1.00 nn liour MBlty Hindi ) t > y Ajri-ms , innlo tjr fninnlo. Stun- Iilonml full imrtlculiirsfrou. OIIAS , K. MAR- sn.u.i , . Lockvurt. Jf. V. n HAVE it Just what you arc looking' for. Black Cheviot Suits , made in single and double- breasted sacks and three- button cutaways , all at popular prices. \Vc\voulcl also call your notice spec ially to the fact that \ve have a very large assortment of Black Clay Worsteds in coats and vests for semi- i dress wear. These goods are made and trimmed in the bestmanncr , and a per fect fit guaranteed , l01l ; SEVERE COUGHS OR COLDS Dr. F" . C. "Werner's COUGH DROPS \ Are highly rocominoiulod nftor seven * years of micccflslul oxporlonco by the * solo manufiuiturow , Kopp , Dreibus&Co , , STKAM CONIMJTIOXEUS , 1106FarnamSt. , Omaha , Neb. Sold everywhere , Go per ptu Sand for snmplca , HJf H w w mm * r- - mwm OM r nutTrrlno : from tliotltrcunf yuutlifulerrorsf"f'JJ rpn' a vnlnvilc , Irpiillwi ( wolwli conUlnliiil full nurllo'ilar ' * tor homo c-urr , fllKH < if cliargo. A. IplciiOUl iiic.llcivl work - > hoiiil ; . } * rrl liyiitry inun vvh'i U nrrvmn tin.I , lol.lltaU'it. | Adarcu. ITol. I'.C. -O\VLHIl.nooUU C'oUll