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About The Valentine Democrat. (Valentine, Cherry Co., Neb.) 1896-1898 | View Entire Issue (May 21, 1896)
j X 15lfTO JOURTY INDEPENDENT BEET GOOD Editor and Publisher Official 1aper of Cherry Coun ty Nebraska 1M JPer Yeur in Advance IUHLltsHKD EVERY THURSDAY Knteivu at t he Iostotllcc at Valentine Cherry caiwty Nebraska as Second class matter This paper will be mailed regularly o its subscribers until a definite order to discontinue is received and all ar rears are paid in full Advertising rates 50 cents per inch 3er month Pates per column or for long time ads made known on appli cation to this office THURSDAY MAY 21 1896 Onr Platform lollowing is the platform adopted by the Democrats of Cherry county in mass -convention assembled Saturday April 18 189G We the Democrats of Cherry county in mass -convention assembled do reafllrai our allegiance to thej principles of the Democratic party as formulated by Jeirerson and exemplified by the illnstrious line of his successors in Democratic leadership from Madison to Cleveland We still denounce the Republican doctrine of protection ns a fraud a rubbery of the great majoriy of the American people for the benefit of the few We still adhere to and maintain the Democratic doctrine of a tariff for revenue only We believe the interests of the masses of our population will be best conserved by the collection of such tuxes as shall be limited to the uecessities of the government honestly and economically administered We express our faith in the time honored doc trine of the Democratic party as to international trade rclatlons hm interchange by which the countries participating shall enjoy reciprocal advantagee We denounce the sham reciprocity scheme of the Republicans which juggles with the peoples desire for freer exchanges by pre tending to establish closer relations while en acting prohibitive tariff taxes against those countries of the world that stand ready to take qur entire surplus of products in exchange for commodities which are necessaries and comforts of life among our own people Appreciating the condition of the public mind -with reference to the financial policy of this country and recognizing the importance of a proper solution of this question we unhesitat ingly express our unalterable opposition to the free and unlimited coinage of silver except by international agreement and until snch agree ment can be procured we favor the present standard of value We denounce the action of the Republican county convention in intention ally omitting to state its views on this important question as a repetition of the cowardly and dis nonest practices of that party Finally we endorse the administration for its excellent conduct of public affairs its vigorous foreign policy and its unparallelled management iu maintaining the public credit against foes Irom witnout and foes from within McKinleys triumph is Democratic opportunity New Yorli World There have been so many war scares during the last six months that Americans are not seriously alarmed oyer the recent difficulties in Chefoo The republicans have settled upon a candidate for President and will now go to work on the ticklish job of mak a platform to fit him The democrats are working on the platform first Candidates are easy to find The present republican congress voted to give each member a clerk at 100 per month the year round The most of this will be kept in the family by the members making their relations clerks This is another specimen of republican economy Senator Vest having begun to hold office as early as 1S60 and having kept pretty constantly at it ever since the Louisville Courier -Journal thinks his intimation that he will bolt if the Chicago convention is controlled by office holders is very touching as Bhowing the tenderness of feeling on the part of the Missouri Senator Armenia and Turkey seem to have vanished from the face of the earth and all that remains to remind us of the atrocities committed in the former country is an unpleasant memory of our lack of action and apparent dis inclination to assist the poor Christians of that faraway land Kockford Illinois recently had a trolley day for charitys sake the Ladies Union Aid Society having charge of ail the electrical cars in the city the ladies acting as conductors and ringing up fares in a business like manner About 10Q0 was taken in during the day This fad promises to spread to other cities and is the natural outcome of womans edi tions pf newspapers woman min strels and such novelties We dont hear as much now about XJrover Cleveland wanting the demo te atic nomination as we did some time ago Opposition to the administration is growing weaker and all the scares have been wore out President Cleve land recently said he would net ac cept the nomination if proffered just as all men knew he would This comes direct from Washington Jlesing a e lose political and personal friend of Cevdaud and jmay be ac uted as THE NATIONAL nONVViTTnw The democratic national convention will be composed of 906 delegates from 51 states and territories Thirteen state conventions have already been held and 288 delegates elected of which number 1G6 are for sound mon ey or gold standard and 122 for free silver or silver monometallism There is much speculation as to the probable strength of contending factions at the Chicago convention and with a view to enlightening its readers The Dem ocrat gives below what it considers a conservative estimate States Alabama 22 Arkansas 16 California 18 Colorado 8 Connecticut 12 Delaware 6 Florida 8 Georgia 26 Idaho 6 Illinois 48 Indiana 30 Iowa 26 Kansas 20 Kentucky 26 i Louisiana 16 Maine 12 Maryland 16 Massachusetts 30 Michigan 28 Minnesota 18 Mississippi 18 Missouri 34 Montana 8 Nebraska 16 Nevada 6 New Hampshire 8 New Jersey 20 New York 72 North Carolina 22 North Dakota 6 Ohio 46 Oregon 8 Pennsylvania 64 Rhode Island 8 South Carolina 18 South Dakota 8 Tennessee 24 Texas 30 Utah 6 Vermont 8 Virginia 24 Washington 8 West Virginia 12 Wisconsin 24 Wyoming 6 Dist of Columbia 2 Arizona 2 New Mexico 2 Oklahoma 2 Indian Territory 2 Alaska 2 Gold Silver 22 16 18 8 12 6 8 26 6 48 30 26 20 26 16 12 16 30 28 18 18 34 8 16 6 8 20 72 - 22 6 46 8 64 8 18 8 24 30 6 8 24 8 12 24 6 2 2 2 2 2 2 Totals 906 504 402 Doubtful This estimate gives the free silver people all they claim but as it takes 454 votes toconstitute a majority it will be seen that they still lack 52 votes In this estimate we mark the states of Louisiana- and North Caro lina doubtful and place one in the silver column and the other in the gold Giving Louisiana to the silver ites they still fall short 36 votes Ne braska will send two delegations to the convention but even if the silver people seat their men they will have to rustle 20 more votes In order to be perfectly fair we have credited Illinois to the silver movement though this is far from being certain Can you fig ure where they are going to get the votes necessary to constitute a major ity The Democrat cant3 PZATTS WISE WORDS Senator Piatt is very confident of the success of the republican party at the polls this fall but he is not so cer tain of its success afterwards He says We must not only draw a bill that can be put through a republican congress but we must draw one that will not be open to serious criticism as class legislation I foresee the great est dangers to the republican party as the result of extreme tariff legisla tion This is good enough to have been said by a democrat and The Democrat must congratulate Mr Piatt on his wisdom The nresent tariff though admittedly imperfect in many respects covers the difference in the cost or labor here and abroad in almost every schedule In many of them the duty is more than the entire labor cost of the protected artictes The Wilson tariff according to the platform of the Indiana republicans has almost destroyed our American industries meaning specifically American manufactures The official reports of the treasury department show that for the nine months of the fiscal year ending with March the ex ports of American manufacturers reached the unprecedented total of 163187826 which is 5000000 more than the figures for the whole twelve months of 1892 when McKiuley reci procity was in full blast and the fiscal year of 1891 92 was the crack year of McKinleyisrn Pittsburg Post The Greater New Xork bill has been passed and will take effect in 3898 The Knickerbockers are now happy as they have no fear of ever becoming second to Chicago in population We wonder what Chicago will do now to j keep up her reputation I V PSfcirflt rrrr v - 1 TTnc rankiin e- I b - ciiunfi n fliJitu has discoveoVand given to a Y World thfi trnnMnfiiil I ailBjr niatrtfra on the money question which rvin adontctt at St Lnnfis Tnnn tai L uc ju it is be Here That every whithness of thewhv ness should be eyual to and inter changeable with eTery phase ot the whatness therefore we demand that every American whefforeness of the whichuess shall be equal in value to every whenceness of the whichsoever ness of the whole civilized world A subscriber who desires to know whether President Cleveland recent civil service order includes fourth class postmasters is informed that it does not But the president in making the order asked the civil service commis sion to formulate a plan to put them under the civil service rules This in dicates his own view of the desirabili ty of such a course and probably that he will make such extension of the service before his retirement Sioux City Tribune WIRE NAILS The wire nail industry is receiving a great showing up just now by the opponents of monopoly The wire nail trust has met three times recent ly and raised the price of nails until consumers are now forced to pay 245 per keg These same nails are sold for export at 145 per keg and yet this is called one of the infant in dustries of the United States The difference between the home and ex port price is so great that some job bers buy ostensibly for export ship the nails have them returned to this country without unloading and ac tually sell them at 20 cents per keg lower than the trust price after paying the freight both ways This is only a sample of the way the tariff proctected manufacturers fleece the American people The way in which all kinds of American goods are sold abroad in competition with foreign articles exposes the protection humbuggery The foreigner pays a lower pries for his farm machinery and other articles or American manu facture than do our own people and the manufacturer pays the ocean freight besides while in the United States the consumer pays the freight in addition to the increased price These facts are being brought home to the people with ever increasing force and they will vote this fall to let the infants take care of them selves WHERE IS HE AT- - McKinley doesnt have to declare himself on the money question lie will be nominated and elected no mat ter what his views on finance are or what platform is adopted at St Louis Coming as it did from one who is a business man one who stands high in the estimation of his fellow citizens a staunch republican who will attend the national convention The Democrat naturally concludes that the foregoing remark is the sentiment of the repub lican party The expression is worthy of a place in history because it sd forcibly illustrates the retrogression of the republican party That once but alas no longer proud party is groveling at the feet of a graven image an idol who cannot or will not speak in fact who is not expected to speak and de clare himself on any question whatso ever knowing as he does that his si lence makes him ievered and loosed to as a model of wisdom The New York World recently sent a special correspondent to mtervipw McKinley at his home in Cantou Ohio The reporter was affably received giv en a cordial invitation to stop and chat awhile and made to think that all his questions would be answered in an honest straightforward manner 35ut when it came to finance his only an swer was I have nothing to say Undaunted by the failure of The World to secure a direct answer to a direct question the New York Herald that great independent republican newspaper tried to get McKinley to speak but received the same answer In an editorial the Herald says It is inconceivable that the great re publican party will put forward as its candidate for President a man who either has no convictions on this domi nant question or who if he has any convictions lacks the courege to avow them His reticence may be regarded by bis advisers as good politics but it stamps him as a man lacking the two essiential qualities of leadership namely sincerity and courage This is strong language to be used by the Herald which is usually mild spoken to republicans but it voices the growing sentiment of the people i of the whole country Silence is a good thing when taken in small quan tities but large doses are nauseating McKinleys dose is extra large KS rzixruaraw t fcM - 4rMtt mTrmiKrTTtTJZtWXTJStt eye upon a system of education which began with language and the birch twig and ended with things He early denounced the followers of Herbart who taught nature from nictured books when nature herself was only too ready to divulge her secrets to the prying eve listening ear busy hand inquiring mind Herbart inquired What does the child know Froe bel asks Has the child learned how to learu r - vv Herbarts child was an student FroflHs a natural student Both sought to intereit the child but one resorted to artificial incentives while the other relied upon natural incentives While Horbart was read ing to his infant class tables and myths in the prison cell of the school room Froebel and his group of child ren were digging in the sand b d along some streamlet constructing dams representing oceans gulfs bays and hills into streams and lakes They had a garden and each child his work to do Hour after hour he answered their busy queries about flowers growing there and took advan tage of this natural interest to impart to them the great lesson of nature They knew all about the insects that visited the nectared blossoms And they knew what they knew by obser vation not by memory Herbart imprisoned the restless limbs of the child upon the bench of the schoolroom Froebels pupil was ever active ever moving ever em ploying all his five senses instead of only hearing His limbs ached from exercise and not from want of it His feet dangled from a rock in the streamlet and not from the wooden bench of the school room Froebel taught that while the phsicial organs are growing so fast there is no per ceptible development of the mind and that the early training of the child must therefore be of the senses prin cipally at least through the senses Herbart sought to impart directly to the mind Froebel taught thio the medium of the senses the most active part of the child organism Says he Physicial impressions are the only possible mediums for awaken ing the childs mind With his little group of children Froebel practiced every one of his theories further they are being prac ticed all over the world Herbart did not depart from old methods far enough to arouse any opposition and so of course is knowntoday only as an improver of educational systems His greatest theory was that the periods in the childs life correspond to the epochs in the history of the human race As the first epoch of the human race was the mythical age Herbart consistent with his philosophy crowd ed and into the infant mind floods of Grecian and Oriental myths Froebel in speaking of this theory asks Can the child who is only a bunch of senses see the fairies or hear them talk can he act out the ridiculous unnatural tragedies of Grecian myths or if he could should he The million ojects of interest in nature he can see feel hear and taste and use Why take imaginary flights to a mythical wonderland wheu the childs feet step upon wondres his ears hear wonders and his eyes see wonders Henry Bolln ex treasurer of Omaha received a sentence of nineteen years in the penitentiary and a fine of 211 000 last Saturday for the embezzle ment of 105500 froi the city of Omaha Judge Baker gave the sen tence A few more sentences like this will deprive the crime of embezzle ment of its chief attraction the prob ability of escape with a light sentence if convicted The action of Judge Wesiover in dealing with cattle thieves will have a tendency to check the practice of al lowing the love of beef or lucre to tempt the otherwise honest citizen to rustle his neighbors stock Horses are too cheap to pay for the trouble of stealing and if a few more cattle thieves are sent to Lincoln the busi ness will fall into disrepute Tne Practicability of Child Study by Mrs Lizzie Crawford will be pub lished week after next The foreign commerce of Vonezuela 19 worth about 30000000 annually The United States holds the first place In It and Great Britain is a hopeless second British exports to Venezuela average about one fifth of our own This fact explains a thing or two A new torpedo destroyer has just been Invented that understands Its business It is a magneto electric de vice formed by placing a number of hollow cubos with elongated points three inches apart This device is dropped and held by a chain It has long tentacles highly magnetized that instantly grasp and lock around At great expense a New Xork paper secured a cablegram from Mrs Nan sen saying Nyheden overmaade loes nogle autoriteter antager nogel tilgrun andre tvloler oprindelig kelde stea vides ikke derfor heller intet om hoor fram skujla raere eller ventes This clear and explicit statement we be to all concerned i t J - -- 1fraPrawgi3tn1 i i i ri M cf COMPARISON OE THE THE OKIES OF FBOEJiEL AND HERD ART riteai t tllc meetiD of the Cherry County General Teachers Association lield at Valentine 3lay 2 isoc by C V Thorn Pestalozzi Froebel and Herbart the three central figures in modern educa tion lived in the same time in the latter part of the 18th century and early part of the 19th Pestalozzi is the senior of Froebel by thirty years and of Herbart by thirty six years All three still live in the reforms in augurated in pedagogy All three nroved education but in different ways While Herbart improved edu cation as be found it Froebel and Pestalozzi revolutionized it Herbart lives in books on psycology and peda gogy Pestolozzi and Froebel his pu pils fellow laborers and successors live iu the kindergarten of todaj7 Herbart is famous for havinar improv ed upon the method of his predeces sors Froeboi and Pestalozzi created a newsystem Herbart patched an old garment Pestalozzi and Froebel deemed the old garment not worthy a patch and made a new one However much Herbart and Froebel may differ in theory in one thing they agree that the chief end of education is the development of moral character But a common aim does not argue a common great ness The common aim of humanity is to gain an eternal home Yet this common aim does not make correct or equally safe all the thousand creeds by which mt n claim to merit a haven of rest A thousand paths may lead to the same enchanted lake but many of these may be impassable many may be long and circuitous some danger ous The character of the lake speaks nothing as to the paths leading to it Aside from this agreement in the pur pose or end of education Herbart and Froebel believed no more in common than does a Chinaman and Parisian on I he subject of style While both recognized the supreme importance of the childs interest in what he is learning as a factor in edu cation and while they both attained this requisite each aroused a differ ent kind ot interest in a different way Herbart by devices and artificial means innumerable made study inter esting to the child But Froebel argued that the child was not truly interested in knowledge until he found a use for it Says Froebel a child finds more interest in using knowledge than in receiving it It is tersely said Herbarts child learns go see how to do Froebels child sees and does all along the line The difference in the theories of Herbart and Froebel are condensed in these two statements Herbart had often to compel inter est while Froebel created and sustain ed a natural or healthy interest or at tention by keeping the child busy His pupil not only received knowledge ut acted it His knowledge was found out by himself he himself being occupied The knowledge of Herbarts pupil was told to him and he had nothing to do but to receive it He sat unoccupied his master being employed Herbarts child read books interesting books about insects Froebels child romped the fields found the insect and read nature One was interested and busy the other was interested and unoccupied Her bart imparted knowledge geneially in an interesting manner Froebel guided the child in finding out for himself Herbarts child Knew but little aside from what had been told him in books or by teacher Froebels child found out for himself his knowl edge Herbart studied the child to mould it Froebel studied the child to guide it Herbarts teacher moulded that is shaped the child Froebels teacher guided the child in moulding himself One magnified the work of the teacher the other the work of the chiid Froebel when a small lad at school came to the conclusion that there was something radically wrong iu his teachers methods of instruction He could not think it right that learning should come to the youths tender mind thro trials hardships and weary mind-plodding-tasks that would over cloud even mature minds While yet a school boy he looked with a critic3 SCILNUL AHU IMWUpinv artificial There is promise ofan unusually large lobarco crop in Connecticut this year The Cape Cod cranberry growers too are happy The plants in their region got through the winter better thau in many years The planet Neptune which had for countless ages revolved in the heavens unseim by anyone on earth was dis covered simultaneously and independ ent in 1S4G by Irof Adams and M Leverrier the two most brilliant as- tronomers of the day Investigation shows that the amount of carbolic acid in the air de v pends largely upon the character of the ground comparatively little being1 yielded by a clay soil Another influence of soil is noted in cases of summer diarrhoea the mortality being much less on clay than on sandy soil Worms that have no eyes are be lieved to gain information of the pres ence of light from some other sense than that of sight Light is always dan gerous to an earth worm and when taken from the earth and placed in the light a worm will alwo3s exhibit un easiness and make an effort to conceal itself A short time before Dr Charcot died he said in a letter that semi scien tw ists had for more than 50 years ridiculed the idea that the full of the moon was a dangerous time for mad people Better-informed men are coming back to that old time notion said Dr Charcot as the result of increased learning on the subject of earth tides similar to the oscillation of sea tides Switzerland has called for a meet ing of the countries that took part in the Berne conference to decide on a metrie standard for gauging screws The slight deviations between the pitch and thread of screws made by the Eng lish standards from those made by the metric scale form a serious obstacle to the real adoption of the metric systczu in countries obtaining machinery from England Prof Bell of telephone fame is pro mulgating a new idea in airships The proper method according to him is to propel the ship by a kind of trolley method in which the rod would hang down to the feed wire instead of extend ing upward as it usually does He thinks the time occupied by inventors in working out the problem of aeriaJ navigation bj theusuaj gas-bag-method is time wasted 1 i AGASSIZS TEST H Estimate of a Plans Worth According t UIh Faculty of Observing It is said that however wisely Prof Agiissiz the famous zoologifat might differ in his opinions from another scientist he never undervalued any contribution which a scientific op ponent made to zoology lie extended the fame of Owen the eminent English zoologist m this coun try by enthusiastically pointing out to all questioners his grounds for a sin cere admiration of that scientist and it was only by chance that his auditors learned how widely Agassiz opinions differed from Owens on certain much disputed questions - - - But for amateurs who took facts at second hand and built up systems by combining the discoveries of various specialists in science he had a some what contemptuous indifference One of his friends asked him on one occa sion how lie felt aboiit the attack which had been made on his scientific position by a certain accomplished scholar who had studied the different theories ad vanced by emiuejit zoologists and had decided that Agazziz must be ranked in the second class To the amazement of his friend who regarded the attack as a matter of con siderable seriousness Agassiz burst into a roar of laughter Why just think of it he cried The man undertakes to fix my placei among zoologists and he is not him self a zoologist And then seeing that his friend did not apparently ap preciate the joke of the affair he added with evident enjoyment Why dont you know that he has never been an observer With him observation meant r ot only the training of the eye itself but the cultivation and exertion of all the faculties behind the eye He once said in to a friend who asked him after he had been 15 years in this country what he considered the best result of his teaching I have educated five observers One of them to lie sure has turned ontto be my deadliest personal enemv but I still affirm that he is a good observer and that is the best compliment 1 could pay him were he my dearest friend Youths Companion A An AtlzJotlc Governor The new governor of British Guiana Sir Augustus Hemming who is about to pass through the UnitedStatesenrout to Georgetown is especially eolebrated in England as a cricketer being1 re nowned or one of the oldest and most successful of amateur player a rival indeed of Hon Alfred Lyttleton He is one of the founders of the Sports club in London and has only just resigned the presidency of its committee in con sequence of his departure from Eng land His principal aasociate in the founding of this renowned institution was the late Sir John Astley popularly known as The Mate Sir Augustus is likewise an expert knight of the wheel and in spite of his mature years remains to day what he was 20 years ago a typical clean built athlete Tt Y Times Saved a Thousand ttvea To have saved over 1000 lives fs a somewhat unique experience This record belongs to Cant Weiss of the steamship Belgian King- to whom a presentation was made in Newcastle j England recently It has been his ffood uj pujts up wjveraj vessois la dis tress at sea including- the lieor PaJ niyra with Soft people en board-Be- lieve should prove entirely satisfactory froifc Free Press lS9BTEaB - r A j r W ci i s n i V t U u o I b yyf ft w 2U Js Vnf f v Y 4 s J I r I- tl oi V l m I i 1