j X
15lfTO
JOURTY INDEPENDENT
BEET GOOD Editor and Publisher
Official 1aper of Cherry Coun
ty Nebraska
1M JPer Yeur in Advance
IUHLltsHKD EVERY THURSDAY
Knteivu at t he Iostotllcc at Valentine Cherry
caiwty Nebraska as Second class matter
This paper will be mailed regularly
o its subscribers until a definite order
to discontinue is received and all ar
rears are paid in full
Advertising rates 50 cents per inch
3er month Pates per column or for
long time ads made known on appli
cation to this office
THURSDAY MAY 21 1896
Onr Platform
lollowing is the platform adopted
by the Democrats of Cherry county in
mass -convention assembled Saturday
April 18 189G
We the Democrats of Cherry county in mass
-convention assembled do reafllrai our allegiance
to thej principles of the Democratic party as
formulated by Jeirerson and exemplified by the
illnstrious line of his successors in Democratic
leadership from Madison to Cleveland
We still denounce the Republican doctrine of
protection ns a fraud a rubbery of the great
majoriy of the American people for the benefit
of the few We still adhere to and maintain the
Democratic doctrine of a tariff for revenue
only We believe the interests of the masses
of our population will be best conserved by the
collection of such tuxes as shall be limited to the
uecessities of the government honestly and
economically administered
We express our faith in the time honored doc
trine of the Democratic party as to international
trade rclatlons hm interchange by which the
countries participating shall enjoy reciprocal
advantagee We denounce the sham reciprocity
scheme of the Republicans which juggles with
the peoples desire for freer exchanges by pre
tending to establish closer relations while en
acting prohibitive tariff taxes against those
countries of the world that stand ready to take
qur entire surplus of products in exchange for
commodities which are necessaries and comforts
of life among our own people
Appreciating the condition of the public mind
-with reference to the financial policy of this
country and recognizing the importance of a
proper solution of this question we unhesitat
ingly express our unalterable opposition to the
free and unlimited coinage of silver except by
international agreement and until snch agree
ment can be procured we favor the present
standard of value We denounce the action of
the Republican county convention in intention
ally omitting to state its views on this important
question as a repetition of the cowardly and dis
nonest practices of that party
Finally we endorse the administration for its
excellent conduct of public affairs its vigorous
foreign policy and its unparallelled management
iu maintaining the public credit against foes
Irom witnout and foes from within
McKinleys triumph is Democratic
opportunity New Yorli World
There have been so many war
scares during the last six months that
Americans are not seriously alarmed
oyer the recent difficulties in Chefoo
The republicans have settled upon a
candidate for President and will now
go to work on the ticklish job of mak
a platform to fit him The democrats
are working on the platform first
Candidates are easy to find
The present republican congress
voted to give each member a clerk at
100 per month the year round The
most of this will be kept in the family
by the members making their relations
clerks This is another specimen of
republican economy
Senator Vest having begun to hold
office as early as 1S60 and having
kept pretty constantly at it ever since
the Louisville Courier -Journal thinks
his intimation that he will bolt if the
Chicago convention is controlled by
office holders is very touching as
Bhowing the tenderness of feeling on
the part of the Missouri Senator
Armenia and Turkey seem to have
vanished from the face of the earth
and all that remains to remind us of
the atrocities committed in the former
country is an unpleasant memory of
our lack of action and apparent dis
inclination to assist the poor Christians
of that faraway land
Kockford Illinois recently had a
trolley day for charitys sake the
Ladies Union Aid Society having
charge of ail the electrical cars in the
city the ladies acting as conductors
and ringing up fares in a business
like manner About 10Q0 was taken
in during the day This fad promises
to spread to other cities and is the
natural outcome of womans edi
tions pf newspapers woman min
strels and such novelties
We dont hear as much now about
XJrover Cleveland wanting the demo
te atic nomination as we did some time
ago Opposition to the administration
is growing weaker and all the scares
have been wore out President Cleve
land recently said he would net ac
cept the nomination if proffered just
as all men knew he would
This comes direct from Washington
Jlesing a e lose political and personal
friend of Cevdaud and jmay be ac
uted as
THE NATIONAL nONVViTTnw
The democratic national convention
will be composed of 906 delegates from
51 states and territories Thirteen
state conventions have already been
held and 288 delegates elected of
which number 1G6 are for sound mon
ey or gold standard and 122 for free
silver or silver monometallism There
is much speculation as to the probable
strength of contending factions at the
Chicago convention and with a view
to enlightening its readers The Dem
ocrat gives below what it considers a
conservative estimate
States
Alabama 22
Arkansas 16
California 18
Colorado 8
Connecticut 12
Delaware 6
Florida 8
Georgia 26
Idaho 6
Illinois 48
Indiana 30
Iowa 26
Kansas 20
Kentucky 26
i Louisiana 16
Maine 12
Maryland 16
Massachusetts 30
Michigan 28
Minnesota 18
Mississippi 18
Missouri 34
Montana 8
Nebraska 16
Nevada 6
New Hampshire 8
New Jersey 20
New York 72
North Carolina 22
North Dakota 6
Ohio 46
Oregon 8
Pennsylvania 64
Rhode Island 8
South Carolina 18
South Dakota 8
Tennessee 24
Texas 30
Utah 6
Vermont 8
Virginia 24
Washington 8
West Virginia 12
Wisconsin 24
Wyoming 6
Dist of Columbia 2
Arizona 2
New Mexico 2
Oklahoma 2
Indian Territory 2
Alaska 2
Gold Silver
22
16
18
8
12
6
8
26
6
48
30
26
20
26
16
12
16
30
28
18
18
34
8
16
6
8
20
72
- 22
6
46
8
64
8
18
8
24
30
6
8
24
8
12
24
6
2
2
2
2
2
2
Totals 906 504 402
Doubtful
This estimate gives the free silver
people all they claim but as it takes
454 votes toconstitute a majority it
will be seen that they still lack 52
votes In this estimate we mark the
states of Louisiana- and North Caro
lina doubtful and place one in the
silver column and the other in the
gold Giving Louisiana to the silver
ites they still fall short 36 votes Ne
braska will send two delegations to
the convention but even if the silver
people seat their men they will have to
rustle 20 more votes In order to be
perfectly fair we have credited Illinois
to the silver movement though this is
far from being certain Can you fig
ure where they are going to get the
votes necessary to constitute a major
ity The Democrat cant3
PZATTS WISE WORDS
Senator Piatt is very confident
of
the success of the republican party at
the polls this fall but he is not so cer
tain of its success afterwards He
says We must not only draw a bill
that can be put through a republican
congress but we must draw one that
will not be open to serious criticism as
class legislation I foresee the great
est dangers to the republican party as
the result of extreme tariff legisla
tion This is good enough to have
been said by a democrat and The
Democrat must congratulate Mr
Piatt on his wisdom The nresent
tariff though admittedly imperfect in
many respects covers the difference
in the cost or labor here and abroad
in almost every schedule In many of
them the duty is more than the entire
labor cost of the protected artictes
The Wilson tariff according to the
platform of the Indiana republicans
has almost destroyed our American
industries meaning specifically
American manufactures The official
reports of the treasury department
show that for the nine months of the
fiscal year ending with March the ex
ports of American manufacturers
reached the unprecedented total of
163187826 which is 5000000 more
than the figures for the whole twelve
months of 1892 when McKiuley reci
procity was in full blast and the fiscal
year of 1891 92 was the crack year
of McKinleyisrn Pittsburg Post
The Greater New Xork bill has been
passed and will take effect in 3898
The Knickerbockers are now happy
as they have no fear of ever becoming
second to Chicago in population We
wonder what Chicago will do now to
j keep up her reputation I
V
PSfcirflt
rrrr
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1 TTnc rankiin e- I
b - ciiunfi n fliJitu
has discoveoVand given to a Y
World thfi trnnMnfiiil I
ailBjr niatrtfra on
the money question which
rvin
adontctt at St Lnnfis Tnnn tai
L uc ju
it is
be
Here
That every whithness of thewhv
ness should be eyual to and inter
changeable with eTery phase ot the
whatness therefore we demand that
every American whefforeness of the
whichuess shall be equal in value to
every whenceness of the whichsoever
ness of the whole civilized world
A subscriber who desires to know
whether President Cleveland recent
civil service order includes fourth class
postmasters is informed that it does
not But the president in making the
order asked the civil service commis
sion to formulate a plan to put them
under the civil service rules This in
dicates his own view of the desirabili
ty of such a course and probably that
he will make such extension of the
service before his retirement Sioux
City Tribune
WIRE NAILS
The wire nail industry is receiving
a great showing up just now by the
opponents of monopoly The wire
nail trust has met three times recent
ly and raised the price of nails until
consumers are now forced to pay 245
per keg These same nails are sold
for export at 145 per keg and yet
this is called one of the infant in
dustries of the United States The
difference between the home and ex
port price is so great that some job
bers buy ostensibly for export ship
the nails have them returned to this
country without unloading and ac
tually sell them at 20 cents per keg
lower than the trust price after paying
the freight both ways
This is only a sample of the way the
tariff proctected manufacturers fleece
the American people The way in
which all kinds of American goods are
sold abroad in competition with
foreign articles exposes the protection
humbuggery The foreigner pays a
lower pries for his farm machinery
and other articles or American manu
facture than do our own people and
the manufacturer pays the ocean
freight besides while in the United
States the consumer pays the freight
in addition to the increased price
These facts are being brought home
to the people with ever increasing
force and they will vote this fall to
let the infants take care of them
selves
WHERE IS HE AT- -
McKinley doesnt have to declare
himself on the money question lie
will be nominated and elected no mat
ter what his views on finance are or
what platform is adopted at St Louis
Coming as it did from one who is a
business man one who stands high in
the estimation of his fellow citizens a
staunch republican who will attend the
national convention The Democrat
naturally concludes that the foregoing
remark is the sentiment of the repub
lican party The expression is worthy
of a place in history because it sd
forcibly illustrates the retrogression of
the republican party That once but
alas no longer proud party is groveling
at the feet of a graven image an idol
who cannot or will not speak in fact
who is not expected to speak and de
clare himself on any question whatso
ever knowing as he does that his si
lence makes him ievered and loosed
to as a model of wisdom
The New York World recently sent
a special correspondent to mtervipw
McKinley at his home in Cantou Ohio
The reporter was affably received giv
en a cordial invitation to stop and chat
awhile and made to think that all his
questions would be answered in an
honest straightforward manner 35ut
when it came to finance his only an
swer was I have nothing to say
Undaunted by the failure of The
World to secure a direct answer to a
direct question the New York Herald
that great independent republican
newspaper tried to get McKinley to
speak but received the same answer
In an editorial the Herald says
It is inconceivable that the great re
publican party will put forward as its
candidate for President a man who
either has no convictions on this domi
nant question or who if he has any
convictions lacks the courege to avow
them His reticence may be regarded
by bis advisers as good politics but
it stamps him as a man lacking the
two essiential qualities of leadership
namely sincerity and courage
This is strong language to be used
by the Herald which is usually mild
spoken to republicans but it voices
the growing sentiment of the people i
of the whole country Silence is a
good thing when taken in small quan
tities but large doses are nauseating
McKinleys dose is extra large
KS
rzixruaraw
t fcM - 4rMtt mTrmiKrTTtTJZtWXTJStt
eye upon a system of education which
began with language and the birch
twig and ended with things He early
denounced the followers of Herbart
who taught nature from nictured
books when nature herself was only
too ready to divulge her secrets to the
prying eve listening ear busy hand
inquiring mind Herbart inquired
What does the child know Froe
bel asks Has the child learned how to
learu
r -
vv
Herbarts child was an
student FroflHs a natural student
Both sought to intereit the child but
one resorted to artificial incentives
while the other relied upon natural
incentives While Horbart was read
ing to his infant class tables and
myths in the prison cell of the school
room Froebel and his group of child
ren were digging in the sand b d
along some streamlet constructing
dams representing oceans gulfs bays
and hills into streams and lakes
They had a garden and each child his
work to do Hour after hour he
answered their busy queries about
flowers growing there and took advan
tage of this natural interest to impart
to them the great lesson of nature
They knew all about the insects that
visited the nectared blossoms And
they knew what they knew by obser
vation not by memory
Herbart imprisoned the restless
limbs of the child upon the bench of
the schoolroom Froebels pupil was
ever active ever moving ever em
ploying all his five senses instead of
only hearing His limbs ached from
exercise and not from want of it His
feet dangled from a rock in the
streamlet and not from the wooden
bench of the school room Froebel
taught that while the phsicial organs
are growing so fast there is no per
ceptible development of the mind and
that the early training of the child
must therefore be of the senses prin
cipally at least through the senses
Herbart sought to impart directly to
the mind Froebel taught thio the
medium of the senses the most active
part of the child organism
Says he Physicial impressions are
the only possible mediums for awaken
ing the childs mind
With his little group of children
Froebel practiced every one of his
theories further they are being prac
ticed all over the world Herbart did
not depart from old methods far
enough to arouse any opposition and
so of course is knowntoday only as an
improver of educational systems His
greatest theory was that the periods in
the childs life correspond to the
epochs in the history of the human
race As the first epoch of the human
race was the mythical age Herbart
consistent with his philosophy crowd
ed and into the infant mind floods of
Grecian and Oriental myths
Froebel in speaking of this theory
asks Can the child who is only a
bunch of senses see the fairies or
hear them talk can he act out the
ridiculous unnatural tragedies of
Grecian myths or if he could should
he The million ojects of interest in
nature he can see feel hear and taste
and use Why take imaginary
flights to a mythical wonderland wheu
the childs feet step upon wondres his
ears hear wonders and his eyes see
wonders
Henry Bolln ex treasurer of Omaha
received a sentence of nineteen years
in the penitentiary and a fine of 211
000 last Saturday for the embezzle
ment of 105500 froi the city of
Omaha Judge Baker gave the sen
tence A few more sentences like
this will deprive the crime of embezzle
ment of its chief attraction the prob
ability of escape with a light sentence
if convicted
The action of Judge Wesiover in
dealing with cattle thieves will have a
tendency to check the practice of al
lowing the love of beef or lucre to
tempt the otherwise honest citizen to
rustle his neighbors stock Horses
are too cheap to pay for the trouble of
stealing and if a few more cattle
thieves are sent to Lincoln the busi
ness will fall into disrepute
Tne Practicability of Child Study
by Mrs Lizzie Crawford will be pub
lished week after next
The foreign commerce of Vonezuela
19 worth about 30000000 annually
The United States holds the first place
In It and Great Britain is a hopeless
second British exports to Venezuela
average about one fifth of our own
This fact explains a thing or two
A new torpedo destroyer has just
been Invented that understands Its
business It is a magneto electric de
vice formed by placing a number of
hollow cubos with elongated points
three inches apart This device is
dropped and held by a chain It has
long tentacles highly magnetized that
instantly grasp and lock around
At great expense a New Xork paper
secured a cablegram from Mrs Nan
sen saying Nyheden overmaade loes
nogle autoriteter antager nogel tilgrun
andre tvloler oprindelig kelde stea
vides ikke derfor heller intet om hoor
fram skujla raere eller ventes This
clear and explicit statement we be
to all concerned
i
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1fraPrawgi3tn1 i i i ri M cf
COMPARISON OE THE THE
OKIES OF FBOEJiEL AND
HERD ART
riteai t tllc meetiD of the Cherry County
General Teachers Association lield at Valentine
3lay 2 isoc by C V Thorn
Pestalozzi Froebel and Herbart the
three central figures in modern educa
tion lived in the same time in the
latter part of the 18th century and
early part of the 19th Pestalozzi is
the senior of Froebel by thirty years
and of Herbart by thirty six years
All three still live in the reforms in
augurated in pedagogy All three
nroved education but in different
ways While Herbart improved edu
cation as be found it Froebel and
Pestalozzi revolutionized it Herbart
lives in books on psycology and peda
gogy Pestolozzi and Froebel his pu
pils fellow laborers and successors
live iu the kindergarten of todaj7
Herbart is famous for havinar improv
ed upon the method of his predeces
sors Froeboi and Pestalozzi created a
newsystem
Herbart patched an old garment
Pestalozzi and Froebel deemed the old
garment not worthy a patch and made
a new one However much Herbart
and Froebel may differ in theory in
one thing they agree that the chief
end of education is the development
of moral character But a common
aim does not argue a common great
ness The common aim of humanity
is to gain an eternal home Yet this
common aim does not make correct or
equally safe all the thousand creeds by
which mt n claim to merit a haven of
rest
A thousand paths may lead to the
same enchanted lake but many of
these may be impassable many may
be long and circuitous some danger
ous The character of the lake speaks
nothing as to the paths leading to it
Aside from this agreement in the pur
pose or end of education Herbart and
Froebel believed no more in common
than does a Chinaman and Parisian on
I he subject of style
While both recognized the supreme
importance of the childs interest in
what he is learning as a factor in edu
cation and while they both attained
this requisite each aroused a differ
ent kind ot interest in a different way
Herbart by devices and artificial
means innumerable made study inter
esting to the child But Froebel
argued that the child was not truly
interested in knowledge until he
found a use for it Says Froebel a
child finds more interest in using
knowledge than in receiving it
It is tersely said Herbarts child
learns go see how to do Froebels
child sees and does all along the
line The difference in the theories
of Herbart and Froebel are condensed
in these two statements
Herbart had often to compel inter
est while Froebel created and sustain
ed a natural or healthy interest or at
tention by keeping the child busy
His pupil not only received knowledge
ut acted it His knowledge was
found out by himself he himself
being occupied The knowledge of
Herbarts pupil was told to him and
he had nothing to do but to receive it
He sat unoccupied his master being
employed Herbarts child read books
interesting books about insects
Froebels child romped the fields
found the insect and read nature One
was interested and busy the other
was interested and unoccupied Her
bart imparted knowledge geneially in
an interesting manner Froebel
guided the child in finding out for
himself Herbarts child Knew but
little aside from what had been told
him in books or by teacher Froebels
child found out for himself his knowl
edge Herbart studied the child to
mould it Froebel studied the child to
guide it Herbarts teacher moulded
that is shaped the child Froebels
teacher guided the child in moulding
himself One magnified the work of
the teacher the other the work of the
chiid
Froebel when a small lad at school
came to the conclusion that there was
something radically wrong iu his
teachers methods of instruction He
could not think it right that learning
should come to the youths tender
mind thro trials hardships and weary
mind-plodding-tasks that would over
cloud even mature minds While yet
a school boy he looked with a critic3
SCILNUL AHU IMWUpinv
artificial
There is promise ofan unusually
large lobarco crop in Connecticut this
year The Cape Cod cranberry growers
too are happy The plants in their
region got through the winter better
thau in many years
The planet Neptune which had for
countless ages revolved in the heavens
unseim by anyone on earth was dis
covered simultaneously and independ
ent in 1S4G by Irof Adams and M
Leverrier the two most brilliant as-
tronomers of the day
Investigation shows that the
amount of carbolic acid in the air de v
pends largely upon the character of
the ground comparatively little being1
yielded by a clay soil Another influence
of soil is noted in cases of summer
diarrhoea the mortality being much
less on clay than on sandy soil
Worms that have no eyes are be
lieved to gain information of the pres
ence of light from some other sense
than that of sight Light is always dan
gerous to an earth worm and when
taken from the earth and placed in the
light a worm will alwo3s exhibit un
easiness and make an effort to conceal
itself
A short time before Dr Charcot
died he said in a letter that semi scien tw
ists had for more than 50 years ridiculed
the idea that the full of the moon was
a dangerous time for mad people Better-informed
men are coming back to
that old time notion said Dr Charcot
as the result of increased learning on
the subject of earth tides similar to the
oscillation of sea tides
Switzerland has called for a meet
ing of the countries that took part in
the Berne conference to decide on a
metrie standard for gauging screws
The slight deviations between the pitch
and thread of screws made by the Eng
lish standards from those made by the
metric scale form a serious obstacle to
the real adoption of the metric systczu
in countries obtaining machinery from
England
Prof Bell of telephone fame is pro
mulgating a new idea in airships The
proper method according to him is to
propel the ship by a kind of trolley
method in which the rod would hang
down to the feed wire instead of extend
ing upward as it usually does He
thinks the time occupied by inventors
in working out the problem of aeriaJ
navigation bj theusuaj gas-bag-method
is time wasted
1 i
AGASSIZS
TEST
H
Estimate of a Plans Worth According t
UIh Faculty of Observing
It is said that however wisely Prof
Agiissiz the famous zoologifat might
differ in his opinions from another
scientist he never undervalued any
contribution which a scientific op
ponent made to zoology
lie extended the fame of Owen the
eminent English zoologist m this coun
try by enthusiastically pointing out
to all questioners his grounds for a sin
cere admiration of that scientist and
it was only by chance that his auditors
learned how widely Agassiz opinions
differed from Owens on certain much
disputed questions - - -
But for amateurs who took facts at
second hand and built up systems by
combining the discoveries of various
specialists in science he had a some
what contemptuous indifference One
of his friends asked him on one occa
sion how lie felt aboiit the attack which
had been made on his scientific position
by a certain accomplished scholar who
had studied the different theories ad
vanced by emiuejit zoologists and had
decided that Agazziz must be ranked in
the second class
To the amazement of his friend who
regarded the attack as a matter of con
siderable seriousness Agassiz burst
into a roar of laughter
Why just think of it he cried
The man undertakes to fix my placei
among zoologists and he is not him
self a zoologist And then seeing
that his friend did not apparently ap
preciate the joke of the affair he
added with evident enjoyment Why
dont you know that he has never been
an observer
With him observation meant r ot
only the training of the eye itself but
the cultivation and exertion of all the
faculties behind the eye He once said
in to a friend who asked him
after he had been 15 years in this
country what he considered the best
result of his teaching
I have educated five observers One
of them to lie sure has turned ontto
be my deadliest personal enemv but
I still affirm that he is a good observer
and that is the best compliment 1 could
pay him were he my dearest friend
Youths Companion
A
An AtlzJotlc Governor
The new governor of British Guiana
Sir Augustus Hemming who is about to
pass through the UnitedStatesenrout
to Georgetown is especially eolebrated
in England as a cricketer being1 re
nowned or one of the oldest and most
successful of amateur player a rival
indeed of Hon Alfred Lyttleton He is
one of the founders of the Sports club
in London and has only just resigned
the presidency of its committee in con
sequence of his departure from Eng
land His principal aasociate in the
founding of this renowned institution
was the late Sir John Astley popularly
known as The Mate Sir Augustus
is likewise an expert knight of the
wheel and in spite of his mature years
remains to day what he was 20 years ago
a typical clean built athlete Tt Y
Times
Saved a Thousand ttvea
To have saved over 1000 lives fs a
somewhat unique experience This
record belongs to Cant Weiss of the
steamship Belgian King- to whom a
presentation was made in Newcastle
j England recently It has been his ffood
uj pujts up wjveraj vessois la dis
tress at sea including- the lieor PaJ
niyra with Soft people en board-Be-
lieve should prove entirely satisfactory froifc Free Press
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