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Personal fends have plnycd their
part, end a fateful one, In tlio his
tory of the presidency. Had not Alex
andor Hamilton boon the unyielding
foo of Aaron Burr, tho latter, and not
Jefferson, would havo succeeded tho
older Adams; but even more moment
ous In Its consequences was tho long
battle betweon Androw Jaclcson and
Henry Clay. When Jackson first ran
Tor tho presidency, In 1824, tho candi
dates opposing him woro Adnms,
Avon 'Burr
Crawford nnd Clay. Nono of tho, four
Bocured a majority of tho electoral
college and tho election thus devolv
ed upon tho Houso, with cholco to
bo mado from tho threo candidates
Adams, Crawford and Jackson who
had received tho most electoral votes.
This debarred Clay, who, forced, a8 ho
expressed It, to choose betwon two
evils, announced that ho had decided
to support Adams. But Clay'fl deter
mination no sooner became known
than some of Jackson's frlcndB at
tempted to 'drive him from It. Tho
weapon usod for thla purpose recalls
ono of tho most discreditable Inci
dents In our political history.
A few days boforo tho tlmo set for
tho oloctlon In the Houso a letter ap
peared In a Philadelphia newspaper,
assorting that Clay had agreed to bup
port Adams upon condition that ho bo
mado Secretary of State. Tho samo
terms, tho letter alleged, had been of
fcred to Jackson's friends; but nono
of them would "descend to such mean
barter and salo.'l Tho letter was
anonymous, but purported to bo writ
ton by a member of tho Houso. Clay
at onco published a card, In which ho
pronounced tho writer "a dastard and
u liar," who, If ho dared avow his
name, would forthwith bo called to
tho field. Two days later tho letter
was acknowledged by a witless mem
ber from Pennsylvania, Kremor by
iiamo, who asserted that tho state
ments ho had mado wero truo, and
that ho was ready to prove thom. A
duel with such a charactor was out
of tho question. Something, however,
had to bo done, and Clay Immediately
domnndod nn Investigation by a spo
clal commltteo of tho Houso. Such a
committee was duly selected. Nono
of Us members had supported Clay for
tho presidency. Kremor promptly do
clarod his willingness to moot tho In
quiry, but In tho end tho commltteo
reported that ho had declined to ap
pear before It, sending Instead a com
munication In which ho denied tho
power of tho Houso to compel him to
testify. No further action was taken,
and in this shnpo. for tho tlmo being,
tho matter rested.
Soon, however, camo tho election of
Adams by tho Houso, followed quickly
by his appointment of Clay as his Sec
retary of State. Though It Is now
generally acknowledged that there
has been no bargain botwoon Adams
and Clay, It was nntural that, at tho
moment, tho rank and fllo of Jack
bou's following should regard Clay's
appointment as conclusive proof that
such a deal had been made. By ac
cepting It Clay mado himself tho vic
tim of circumstantial evidence. As
Roaeoc Conkllng
a matter of fact, ho hesitated to ac
cept tho place, and finally assumed
Its duties with reluctance. What chief
ly determined him was tho bollef that
if he did not accept It would bo
argued that ho dared not. This to
Clay was more obnoxious than tho
other horn of the dilemma. Ho, there
fore, took tho alternative of bold defi
ance; but in so doing committed a
calamitous error.
A strong effort was mado at the mo
mont to reject Clay's nomination.
This falling, the cry of "bargain and
corruption" was again raised, and
with It began another contest for tho
presidency a contost longer nnd more
scandalous than am other lu cur po-
eon i
(smnHSffDAM
SBMte Mam Imp
lltlcal annals. Everything that rancor
ous partisan Intention could concoct
wns spread broadcast by tho Jackson
JournnlBj nor wero Clay and Adams
tho solo objects of tho Btorm of slan
der. Charges of tho most Infamous
character wore made against Jackson,
and Inflamed his animosity against
Adams and Clay to a degree that ap
proached Insanity. Jackson believed
Clay capablo of anything of which tho
latter could bo accused, and he him
self gave currency to the "bargnln and
corruption" cry, which was printed,
placarded nnd harped upon throughout
tho land. Clay, on tho other hand, was
unablo on tho stump to assumo the
lino of dignified refutation; and his
languago, losing nil restraint, became
tho vehicle of raving wrath. Tho re
sult of tho contest was a signal trl-
Alexander Hamilton.
umph for Jackson. Even Kentucky,
Clay's own state, went against him,
nnd Adams retired in tho shadow of
deep humiliation. Four years later,
whon Clay hlmsolf wns a candidate
against Jackson, ho received but forty
nlno out of 286 olectornl votes.
In 1880 tho unrelenting animosity of
Honry B. Payno nlono prevented Allen
G. Thurman from being mado tho
nomlnco of the democratic national
convention. In 18C7 Payno wa3 a
candldato for tho democratic nomina
tion for governor of Ohio. Tho con
vention met in Columbus, and Thur
man, then fresh from a period of bril
liant service on tho supremo bench of
his state, had a friend In whose candl-
Henry B. Payne
dacy for state treasurer ho was much
interested. Somo of Payne's lieuten
ants, without his knowledge, promised
Thurman the support of tho Payno
forces for his friend In return for tho
votes ho controlled in tho convention;
but tho Thurman candidate for treas
urer failed at tho last moment to re
colvo tho promised support of tho
Payno following, and was defeated.
Payno wns not awnro of tho trick that
had been played upon Thurman, but
tho latter, who scorued double dealing
In any form, was quick to resent It.
Within tho hour tho opportunity to do
fell In his way. Tho convention ended,
Pnyno went to a hotel for dinner, ac
companied by somo friends, and In
Jovial mood opened wlno In celobra
tlon of his success. Presently Thur
man and a few friends camo In and
took seats at nn adjoining table.
Payne bade the waller carry a bottle
of wlno to tho newcomers, but In a
moment It camo back with the gruff
James Q. Blaine
message that Mr. Thurman did not
caro for any of Mr. Payne's wine. a
evident surprise at this refusal, Payno
rose from his seat and crossed to the
group of which Thurman was the cen
tral figure.
"I trust you and your friends will
i drink a bottle of wlno with me, Judge,"
; he said, urbanely. "Drink to my sue-
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cess and tho victory of tho democratic
party."
"I do not want any of your wine,
sir," was tho roply. "I told that
damned waiter to soy as much to you,
sir, a momont ago." And so saying,
Thurman turned his back abruptly on
tho man from Cleveland.
Pnyno never forgot nor forgavo this
public Insult. Tho quarrel thus begun
over after kept tho two men apart, and
threo and twenty years later thwarted
Thurman's highest ambition. In 1880
he was a candldato (or tho presidential
nomination boforo the democratic na
tional convention. Had h,o had the un
flinching support of tho Ohio delega
tion, there Is llttlo doubt that ho
would havo been tho nominee. Tho
delegation was solid for him on tho
first ballot. Then It btoko and the
chances of his nomination vanished
Into thin air. Payno was behind tho
break. Tho delegates from tho dis
trict In which his Influence was su
premo led It and wero strongest In tho
claim which stampeded tho convention
to a dark horse. As Ohio was then an
October Btnto and practically certain
to go for Garfleld, tho result would bo
disastrous to tho democratic cause.
That argument defeated Thurman and
nominated Hancock, and tho revenge
of Payno was complete.
But tho most dramatic of all tho
political fouds of tho last forty years,
both In Its Inception and its sequel,
was that between Blalno and Roscoo
Colliding. Tho two men entered tho
popular branch of Congress at about
the samo time, and both Boon becamo
leaders In that body. Thero was,
however, llttlo In common between
them savo tho gift of pre-eminent abil
ity. Conkllng mado Blalno tho ob
ject of his sarcasm whenever oppor
tunity offered, and tho member from
Maine was prompt to retort in kind.
Thus tho enmity grew until, in the
courso of ono of their many encoun
ters, Blaine, stung to tho quick by an
unjust and ungenerous taunt, burst
forth in an onslaught on his torment
or which wrought tho Houso into a
high pitch of excitement and marked
tho beginning of a flerco struggle in
tho Republican party that endod in
tho humiliation of Conkllng and the
defeat of Blalno for President. Hero
are Ulaines words, ana tnoy aro a
model of excoriation:
"As to tho gentleman's cruel sar
casm, I hope he will not bo too se
vere. Tho contempt of that largo
minded gentleman Is so wilting, his
haughty disdain, his grandiloquent
swell, his majestic, superemlncnt,
overpowering turkey-gobbler strut has
been so crushing to myself and all
members of this House that I know It
was nn net of tho greatest temerity
Allen G. Thurman
for mo to venture upon a controversy
with him."
Then, referring to a chance news
paper comparison of Conkllng to
Henry Winter Davis, lately dead, ho
continued:
"Tho gontloman took It seriously
and It has given his strut additional
pomposity. Tho resemblance Is
great; it Is striking Hyporlon to a
satyr, Thersltes to Hercules, mud to'
marble, dunghill to diamond, a singed
cat to a Bengal tiger, a whipped pup
py to a roaring Hon. Shade of tho
mighty Davis, forglvo tho almost
profanation of that Jocose satire."
Thero could bo no reconciliation
after such an onslaught, and tho bat
tle wns to tho death. Defeated for
tho Republican nomination by Conk
llng and his friends in 1876 and again
In 1880, Blalno in tho latter year
throw his following to his friend
Garfleld, who, nominated and elected,
mado Blalno his secretary of Btato
and official right hand. Then camo tho
struggle over tho Now York patron
age, which retired Conkllng, and was
followed by tho assassination of Gar
flold. In 1884, when Blalno was final
ly tho formal cholco of his party,
Conkllng wns no longer in politics,
but tho sequel proved that his was
still the will and power to strlko a
mortal blow. A defection of a few
hundred votes in Conkllng's homo
county of Oneida gave that county,
normally Republican, to Clevoland,
and with It the electoral vote of New
York and the presidency. Conkllng
had wiped out tho score against his
ancient enemy. Rufus Rockwell Wil
son In Philadelphia Ledger.
Lions Fond of Lavender.
Lion lamers frequently porfumo
themselves with lavender. Thoro Is,
it is said, no record of a lion oer
having attacked a trainer who had
taken the precaution of using this
cerfume.
Holsteln-Frlesan Annual Meeting.
Tho nineteenth annual meeting of
tho Holsteln-FrleBtan Association of
America was held at Syracuse, N. Y.
Thero were prosont about 20u mem
bers. Tho feo for registry on Import
ed cattle was increased to $25. The
fees for registry of bulls wero re
duced as follows: Non-members, $4
and If over ono year, $8; members,
$2 and If over one year, $4. At a
near date all certificates of registry
will bear diagrams of tho color mark
ings Instead of word descriptions as
formerly. It was voted to express
welghtB In pounds and decimals of
pounds. Tho regular appropriations
for prizes for A. R. O. tests, at fairs,
and for tho literary committee, wero
made, amounting In all to about
19,000.
Tho treasurer reported receipts In
cluding balance on hand last year
of $42,040.57 and disbursements of
$9,745.51, leaving cash on hand $32,
295.0G. The total membership has
reached 1,154. Total registration 5,567
cows and 2,477 bulls, 9,042 transfers
wero Issued, being tho largest busi
ness In the history of tho association.
Tho election of officers resulted:
President, a. A. Cortelyou; vice
presidents, W. A. Matteson, Uuca, N.
Y.; H. B. Daggett. Milwaukee, Wis.;
R. M. Hotaling, San Francisco, Cal.;
H. L. Branson, Cortland, N. Y.; di
rectors, T. A. Mitchell, Weedsport, N.
Y.; W. B. Barney, Hampton, Iowa;
V. S. Carpenter, Menominee, Mich.;
D. H. Burrell. Little Falls, N. Y.; El
don F. Smith, Columbus, Ohio; W. J.
Gillett. Rosendale, Wis.
Treasurer, Wln,g R. Smith, Syra
cuse, N. Y.; secretary and editor,
Frederick L. Houghton, Brattleboro,
Vt.; Supt. of Advanced Registry, S.
Hoxle, Yorkvlllo, N. Y.
Influence of the Hand Separator.
Tho hand separator is qxerclslng a
most beneficial Influonco on tho dairy
Interests In tho localities whore it Is
being used. Tho mnn that has four or
five cows and buya a hand separator
soon awakes to tho realization that
tho hand separator will skim tho milk
for fifteen cows as well as for tho
number of cows ho has. Tho work of
cleaning tho separator would bo no
more than for tho lesser number "of
cows. This leads him to look around
for moro cows, as a matter of Invest
ment. Reports indicato that thoro Is
a tendency for the hand separator
dairy of a few cows to Incrcaso In
the number of animals giving milk.
The hand separator has another good
Influence, and that is that the matter
of cleanliness is emphasized. The
farmer Is told by the Intelligent cream
separator agent that ho must wash
this separator every time It is used
and wash It thoroughly. The habit es
tablished In tho matter of tho separa
tor extends Itself to every other ar
ticle connected with tho dairying oper
ations. The men that buy hand sep
arators aro tho most Intelligent men
engaged In dairy work and are tho
quickest to ta"ko up with a now idea of
value. Tho greatest good, however,
will come from the increasing desire
to keep a larger number of good dairy
cows than boforo the separator was
purchased.
Straining the Milk.
To many a farmer's wife It would be
superfluous to advlso hor to strain the
milk. Sho would no sooner think of
neglecting that part of tho work than
sho would of leaving tho cow un
milked. It will be a surprise to such
to learn that in tho caso of people
supplying milk to creameries and
cheeso factories It has becomo quite
a common practice not to strain the
milk. After milking tho cows at night,
tho milk is dumped Into the cans and
left till the next morning. In the
morning tho cows are again milked
and tho milk unstrained Is hauled off
to the creamery or tho factory. Re
ceivers of milk at such places have
told the writer of a number of such
cases. Things havo been found In
Buch milk that could never have
passed through a strainer. Not long
ago wo heard of ono creamery, the
proprietor of which made a rule that
his patrons should not strain their
milk. Ho said he could tell better how
thoy were keeping their cows If tho
milk came to him Just as it was
drawn. This may bo all right for the
creamery manager that Is a Spartan
and is ready to administer tho heroic
treatment to'any patron that does not
como up to tho standard in the keep
ing clean of his cows, but for most
mortals It will not do. Wo bellevo
that ordinarily tho milk can't be
strained too quickly after milking nor
too carefully. ,
Objections to Pasteurization An
swered. M. Mortensen, In an address to Iowa
creamery men, said: Tho main reasons
why creameries are so Blow in adopt
ing pasteurizing aro that this opera
tion is considered to Involve extra ex
penso without any assurance of a
higher return for tho product; tho but
termakers aro often less familiar with
pasteurization than they ought to bo;
thoy havo heard from others that It
causes greater loss In tho buttormllk
and thereby tho yield, and that the
body of the butter is Injured and of
courso they aro well awaro of tho
fact that in order to be successful in
making pasteurized buttor it will be
necessary to take a term in the dairy
school, and this will naturally have
some effect on the buttermaker's wil
lingness to accept tho new Bystem.
In regard to tho extra cost involved
by pasteurization, this will not exceed
omvtenth of a cent per pound of but-
ter where tho whole milk Is pasteur
ized with live stoA; by n very careful
operator this expense may be reduced
to one-fifteenth or even one-twentieth
or a cent per pound. This expense can
furthermore bo reduced by using ex
haust steam. In many of tho cream
eries thoy will bo able to do all ol
their pasteurizing with exhaust stuam
and in that case tho only expense will
bo tho cost of the pasteurizer and
cooler. This expense Is very small
and a progressive creamery man can
not nfford to consider that expense if
It will assist him in improving his
product When wo havo been ablo to
bring our butter up to a high standard
it will soon bo noticed by tho con
sumers and they will readily pay a
premium on quality.
In regard to tho other objections
that are mado against pasteurization,
they nro all suppositions without be
ing based upon reliable experiments.
Wo can do judt as exhaustive churn
ing from pasteurized as from raw
cream.
Tho cream, however, must bo more
carefully cooled before churning. It
Is surely no objection that pasteuriza
tion will demand capablo operators. A
few creameries could well afford to
Introduce pasteurization for that rea
son. When pasteurization of milk or
cream is introduced pasteurization or
sterilization of water used for tho but
ter ishould not bo omitted. At the
Iowa experiment station they have
eliminated several germs from water
that cause tho butter to deterlorato In
quality In a very short tlmo. This
makes It evident that the pasteurisa
tion or sterilization of water is Ju
as important as tho pasteurization ol
tho cream.
Alfalfa for Soiling Purposes.
Alfalfa Is ono of tho best crops for
almost any feeding purpose and Is
especially valuablo for feeding cows
that are kept up and given feed cut
green. In tho first place It Is about
as rich In protein as Is bran when
tho dry matter is compared, but of
courso in Its green stato tho protein
content will be decreased In propor
tion as tho water content of tho green
plant Is increased. Another Important
thing In favor of alfalfa is that it
can bo cut repeatedly throughout tho
summer. This Is not tho caso with
somo of tho other soiling crops. Wo
believe that every dairyman that can
should ralso alfalfa and feed It green
If ho can. Wo say "If ho can" for tho
reason that already somo of our city
milk buying companies and bottling
companies aro objecting to tho feeding
of alfalfa as a soiling crop. We havo
not learned that any have objected to
it as a hay crop, though this may
como later. The writer mentioned to
an officer of a company engaged in
supplying bottled milk to Chicago that
alfalfa was likely to prove a most
valuablo plant for feeding greon to
cows during tho drouth of summer.
Tho officer, replied that his company
would object to tho farmers feeding it,
as thoy even objected to tho cows
being pastured on red clover for moro
than a short period at one time. The
bollef of tho writer is that somo of
these companies are becoming too ex
acting in their demands. Thero Is a
constant tendency among them to ob
ject to tho feeding of any but tho high
est priced feeds, such as middlings
and corn meal, out of which tho farm
er cannot make profitable milk. It is
doubtful if alfalfa taints tho milk at
all, and tho farmer should not surren
der his right to feed it without a most
thorough investigation as to its real
effect on the flavor of tho milk.
Condensing of Milk Increasing.
Tho condensing factories of the
United States and even thoso of Swit
zerland havo como to bo operated
largely on tho trust plan, and their
controllers havo been ablo to regulato
tho prico of condensed milk to a largo
oxtent. But It seems that this power
is waning, duo to tho increaso in tho
number of independent companies. It
is reported that tho manufacturers of
condensing factory machinery havo
been making largo sales this year.
There is good reason for tho establish
ment of more condensorles. Somo of
tho independent concerns in Illinois
havo mado enormous profits during
tho last fow years. Ono of tho stock
holders of an Independent company
told the writer that tola company had
been making 80 per cent a year for
some years. If this Is so with the in
dependent concerns, what must bo tho
cases with tho concerns that aro being
operated on a trust basis. Thoro was
a tlmo a few years ago whon tho prod
uct of tho Swiss condensing factories
competed in tho American market
with the product of the American fac
tories, and tho product of tho Ameri
can factories competed in Switzerland
with tho product of tho Swiss fac
tories. But an agreement was entered
Into by which each withdrew from for
eign territory and left the other in
possession. We believe It is for tho
interest of the farming communities
to have as many condenserles in oper
ation as possible, and every effort to
establish them should bo encouraged.
Using Wooden Pails for Milk.
Under circumstances as thoy exist
on many farms It is better not to uso
wooden vessels of any kind for the
holding of milk. The uso of tho wood
en pall Is to be objected to for tho
reason that it is difficult to keep clean.
The pores In tho wood readily take In
portions of the milk and only a severe
treatment In the way of scalding each
time can keep them ouL This is il
lustrated in the care of churns, both
great and small. If they are care
fully washed and dried they remain
sweet for years. Tho wooden milk
pall will remain swcot if it Is con
stantly washed and saturated with
boiling water, but on some farms this
Is not done. Therefore It Is safer to
depend on some kind of a vessel that
has no pores, and that is easily
washed.
Rhyme and Reason.
There Isn't nny reason for tho flowers
blooming sweet ,
To wither nt the noonday or bo crushed
beneath our feet.
Thoro Isn't nny reason for tho fky to
bo so bfue
Nor for tho sunbeams to be dancing
where the leaves their uhadowa strew.
Tho beo Is making melody in cadence
long and low.
Tho birds are lightly singing as they
hurry to and fro: . .
And Joy h set to meter In tho lazy sum
mer time. , ...
Thero Isn't any reason; there Is nothing.
only rhjme.
The river oa It ripples on Its Journey to
tho sea
Makes music that we cannot ,stngj yet
sweet as It run be.
The rustle of the tree tops as tho zephyrs
wander by
Awako the woods to answer with n long,
melodious sigh.
And 'when the s:nrs are gleaming and
tho moon U shining bright
A thousand minstrel voices softly echo
thrnlli?!i tlin lilirht.
And no one understand-) tho spell that s
cast throughout tho clime.
There Isn't nny reason; thero Is nothing,
only rhyme.
Washington Star.
Herding Sea Lions.
In tho sea Hon rookeries of tho Alas
kan coast some curious stampedes
arc seen. At certain seasons of tho
year the Aleuts havo a drive of "see
vltchlo," aB tho lions aro called. It
Is generally begun In September or
.October to gather In a supply of win
tor meat.
At night when the sea lions are ly
ing In the sand nbove high water tho
'natives start their hunting. Armed
with sticks, clapping bones and guns,
they creep down to tho water's edgo
and carefully get between their, gamo
and the sea, and at a given signal
rush with yells and all manner of
noise at tho victims.
The terrible noise awakes and stam
pedes the sea lions, each one rushing
in the direction in which Its head
happens to be pointed. In this way
some go inland nnd a few escape to
the water.
Tho stampede ends disastrously for
those that head inland. The ungain
ly creatures aro driven by cries and
shbuts to the houses of the hunters.
There stakes are placed In the ground
about them, forming a sort of corral.
To tho posts streamers of -cloth are
fastened, and the foolish sea lions aro
afraid to approach the fluttering
things.
Other catches are added until tho
herd corralled numbers two and three
hundred, and then tho final march Is
taken up. The sea lions are liberated
from tho corral and driven In the di
rection of tho Aleut village, ten or
twelve miles away, the Journey tak
ing from one to two weeks.
Density of Population.
According to an exhaustive statisti
cal work by a German, tho population
Df the world today Is 1,503,300,000.
Tho average density of population la
about 25 persons to ono squaro mile,
and tho distribution among the con
tinents Is as follows: In Europe, 392,
204,000 people, or 100 Inhabitants for
each squaro mile; In Asia, 819,556,000
Inhabitants 45 to a squaro mile; In
Afrlcu. 140,700,000 Inhabitants 13 to
a square mile. North America, In
cluding the West Indies, Mexico, Cen
tral America, Panama, as well as he
United States and Canada, Is credited
with 105,714,000 inhabitants 13 to
one square mile.
Heifer Catches Fish.
John Sutphln, a Franklin Park, N. J,
farmer, asked tho police to-day to help
him find a pet heifer which had stray
ed away from his farm.
He declared she was a groat fish
catcher, and frequently would go to
ponds on the farm, stand motionless
for a tlmo In tho water near tho bank,
then suddenly thrust her head in the
water and bring up a small fish In her
mouth.
On tho advice of ihp police, and
wl?Ji their aid tho shores of tho Rarl
tan river were searched. Tho heifer
was found watching for fish near tho
landing bridge. New York Tribune.
Has Relic of Jefferson Davis.
When Jefferson Davts was cap
tured, nine silver dollars wero found
upon him. They wero given to W. C.
McCoy, an engraver, to bo marked aa
souvenirs. For his work ono of them
was given to him. He engraved it
with his Bon's name and gavo It to
him. Tho coin was found In tho till
of F. C. Rlchter, a merchant, at Co
lumbus, O., and nn advertisement
brought knowledge of It to Its own
er, William McCoy of Pittsburg, Pa.,
to whom It has been sent It was
lost or stolen thlrty-threo years ago.
Captured Six Baby Foxes.
Will Lemery, employed on tho farm
of Allen Flint in Braintrce, saw a
fox a fow days ago with a rabbit in Its
n".outh. Ho watched It disappear into
a hole, and going back to tho house
persuaded Perkins Flint to Join him
in the hunt. They dug out tho hole
Into which the rabbit was taken and
brought to light a family of six little
foxes, which they are at present bring
ing up by hand with gratifying suc
cess, the old ones to all appearances
having fled that part of tho country.
St. Johnsburg Republican.
Young Gulls Seasick.
A sportsman at Moosehead lake
found somo young gulls, too small to
fly, and took them Into his canoe. Tho
birds at first seemed to enjoy tho nov
el experience, but soon became as sea
sick as any landsman. After each
had sacrificed his latest meal to tho
sea myths, tho sportsman took pity
on them and put thom back into the
water, whero they at onco settled
down as well and contented as if they
had cover left It
4
