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THE COURIEE
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Bells Old and New
"Great are the mysteries of bell
ringing," said the poet Southey. "And
this may be said In its praise: That
of all devices which men have sought
out for obtaining: distinction by mak
ing a noise In the worW, it Is the most
harmless."
Bells, in their primitive form, are
referred to by the earliest writers.
Their origin is lost In antiquity. The
ancient Persians wore bells attached
to their royal costumes; in Egypt, in
Greece and in Home, bells were used
both for decoration and in patriotic
and religious ceremonies. With the
single exception of the Turks, bells
have been favorably regarded by all
nations since the time of their intro
duction. From their intimate association with
church rituals, bells naturally came to
be regarded as sacred. In the early
days of the Roman Catholic chuich
they were formally consecrated and
were often named for the donor, in
the middle ages their prominence was
still more plainly marked, and their
various uses were designated by
names; the Angelus bell, the vesper
bell, the complin bell and the sanctus
bell each carrying its special message.
From time Immemorial the praise of
bells has been the poet's theme.
Shakspere, Schiller, Tennyson and
Charles Lamb all have written of the
subject in living words; but none are
more exquisitely touching :han the
familiar lines of Moore:
"Those evening bells Those evening
bellb!
How many a tale their music tells.
Of youth and home, and that sweet
time
When last I heard their soothing chime. '
Among the largest bells in the world
the "Great Bell of Moscow" Is rightly
termed "Czar Kolokol," or "Emperor
of Bells." Jn simple bell material its
cost is not less than $300,000, which was
augmented by precious Jewels and
plate added by the nobles to the value
of $1,000,000. Its weight Is 440.000
pounds; it Is twenty-one feet in
height and twenty-two feet in di
ameter. It was cast in the year 1734,
by order of the Empress Anne. Sus
pended from beams which were de
stroyed by fire, this monster bell fell
to the ground and was broken; it is
now placed upon a low, circular wall
and is consecrated as a chapel, the
opening in its side being large enough
to admit two men walking abreast. Of
the several hundred other large bells
in Moscow, one in the Cathedral
weighs 120,000 pounds. When this bell
is rung, which is only three Umes a
year, all the other bells are silent. In
China, where large bells had their
origin, the great bell at Peking weighs
120,000 pounds. The bells of China are
Inferior to those of Russia In both
shape and tone. The bells of Japan are
not unlike those of China. Holland is
remarkable both for the number and
size of its bells and for the devotion
to them of the Inhabitants. In Eng
land the largest Westminster bell
weighs 30,000 pounds; the largest bell
in America, which is In the Cathedral
at Montreal, weighs 25,000 pounds,
while one In Notre Dame Cathedral
at Paris Is of the same weight.
Of special Interest In this country Is
the famous Liberty bell. Cast for the
the state house in Philadelphia in 1751,
this bell bears the Inscription
"Proclaim Liberty throughout all the
land to all the Inhabitants thereof."
Representatives of the thirteen colonies
first proclaimed liberty tinder this bell,
which was afterwards broken in ring
ing n fire alarm. It was replaced in
the centennial year, 1876, by a bell
bearing the same inscription.
The Columbian Liberty bell, cast in
the summer of 1893 and placed directly
In front of the administration building
at the World's Fair, weighs 13,000
pound f, each thousand pounds repre
senting one of the original states of the
union.
In this country a peal consists either
of three bells, attuned to the first, third
and fifth tones or the musical scale,
or of four bells, the eighth musical tone
being added. A chime generally con
sists of eight bells attuned to the eight
notes of the octave; very often a nintli
bell is added, attuned to the ilat sev
enth tone of the scale, rendering the
chime capable of producing music in
two keys. The only limit, however, to
the number of bells which may consti
tute a chime Is that imposed by the
necessary decrease of weight and con
sequent shrillness of tone. In n chime
of twelve bells no less than 470,091,600
changes can be played. The largest
chime of bells in America, if not In the
world, is in the tower of the court
house in Minneapolis. Persons living
many miles out of town are able to
distinguish the tunes played upon these
remarkable bells.
With the exception of the largest or
tenor bell, which is mounted like a
church bell and can be rung independ
ently, the bells in a chime are sus
pended stationarily from a frame
work, and should be placed Just above
the level of the tops of surrounding
houses. Chains and rods leading from
the clappers are attached by pulleys
and straps to the manuals, which
are in the form of levers, in
appearance not unlike a row of pump
handles. When struck by the clapper
a bell distinctly changes shape. At one
moment it is an oval, with its longest
diameter at an exact right angle to us
longest diameter at the preceding in
stant. These repeated changes consti
tute its vibrations and produce the
tone, which varies according to the
size and weight of the bells. The play
ing of a chime is a purely mechanical
performance. Xo help can be gained
from the sound, as each note must be
struck before tne reverheratlon or tne
preceding one has reached the player's
ear. The proposed memorial cnime to
be placed in the Methodist church in
this city will consist of ten bells, the
largest weighing 2,000 pounds. Similar
chimes have been placed in the old
Vanderbilt church, Staten Island, N.
Y.. in the Methodist church of Water
town, Mass., In the Trinity church of
Watertown, X. 1., and in old Trinity
church of Newport, It. I. Of the six
thousand dollars necessary to secure
this chime iifty-one hundred dollars
have already been subscribed. It is to
be hoped that all efforts of the com
mittee to raise the remaining amount
will meet with an enthusiastic response
from patriotic citizens.
'
MEDICAL TREATMENT FREE
The British Medical Institute Offers
Three Months' Services Free to
All Invalids Who Call at Its
Office Before January 7
A staff of eminent physicians and
surgeons from the British Medical In
stitute have, at the urgent solicitation
of a large number of patients under
their care in this country, establlshea
a permanent branch of the Institute in
this city, in the Sheldon block, corner
of Eleventh and N streets.
These eminent gentlemen have decid
ed to give their services entirely tree
for three months (.medicines excepted)
to all invalids who call upon them foi
treatment between now and Jan. ..
Tnese services consist not only of con
sultation, examination and advice, but
also of all minor surgical operations,
call before Jan. 7.
The object in pursuing this course is
to become rapidly and personally ac
quainted with the sick and aiillcted,
and under no conditions will any
charge whatever be made for any ser
vices rendered for three months to all
who call belore January t.
The doctors treat all forms of dis
ease and deformities and guarantee a
cure in every case they undertake. At
the first Interview a thorough examin
ation is made, and if incurable, you
are frankly and kindly told so; also ad
vised t gainst spending your money for
useless treatment.
Male and female weakness, catarrh
and catarrhal deafness, also rupture,
goitre, cancer, all skin diseases, and all
diseases of the rectum, are positively
cured by their new treatment.
The chief associate surgeon of the
Institute Is In personal charge.
Office hours from 9 a. m. to 8 p. m.
No Sunday hours.
SPECIAL NOTICE If you cannot
call, send stamp for question blank for
home treatment.
SPECIAL MASTER COMMISSIONER'S
SALE.
Notice Is hereby given. That by virtue
of a certain decree of the District Court
of the Third Judicial District of Ne
braska, within and for Lancaster County,
in an action wherein Charles White et al,
are plaintiffs and Tlllle May et al, defend
ants, I will at 2 o'clock, p. m., on the
7th day of January. A. D. 1902, at the
cast door of the court house, in the city
of Lincoln, Lancaster County. Nebraska,
offer for sale at public auction the fol
lowing described lands and tenements,
to-wlt:
Block seven (7), lots six (C) and seven
(7), In block nine (9), lots six (6), and
seven (7), in block twenty (20), lots six (6)
and seven (7) In block twenty-three (23),
and lots six (C) and seven (7) in block
thirty-four (31), all In the town or village
of Collego View, the same being situated
In Lancaster county, Nebraska.
Given under my hand this 5th day of
December. A. D. 1901.
Z. S. BRANSON.
Special Master Commissioner.
Headquarters for . . . -"
JL-. . . HUTCHINS & HYATT
Geo. W. Montgomery, President. L. P. Fonkhocser, Gainer
Farmers & Merchants Bank
FIFTEENTH AND O STREETS,
LINCOLN, NEB.
Capital Paid in, $50,000 OO
Accounts of Individuals, Firms. Corporations, Banks, and Bankers Solicited. Corre- '
spondence invited. FOREIGN EXCHANGE and LETTERS OF CREDIT .;
on all the principal cities of Europe. Interest paid on
time deposits.
flBPk J I CT7
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Absolute Perfection
Is often claimed for Shoes
that are simply stylish.
Our Mannish Shoes are
not only perfect in style,
but in every detail, being
the most serviceable lot of
Shoes ever brought to the
city of Lincoln.
Perkins & Sheldon Co.
1129 O STREET
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Hi I I I J 3r I fl I f I I V . . - v
Pyrography . . .
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a;
or Burned Wood Decoration is the moat popular and fasti
nating amusement at present. With a Pyrographic Machine
and a piece of poplar or deal board you can trace somr -if
the moot beautiful designs imaginable. We have made ar
rangements with a Chicago arti-t to give exhibitions and
lessons in our store on Thursdays and Saturdays, comnunc
ing with Saturday, October 19th. Samples of the work
will be on exhibition.
The Lincoln Book Store,
1126 O STREET.
3i?it83S3SwE i
"Were you successful in getting your
bill through the legislature?"
"Oh, yes. Why, I had some cash left
over."
Fine
Furs
SADDies
We have a large stock of
ready-made Fur Goods, more
than we want to carry over. In
order to reduce the stock, we
will quote you an exceedingly
low price on any made up Fur
article in our store.
HARIMESSor
HORSE COLLARS
Wiih ihppg!i!l!!!igjgriidde '
iii"g
F. E. Voelker
ASKYOUBDealertoSHOWI
BEFORE. YOU BUY.
MANUFACTURED BY
HARPHAM BROS.C0.
Lincoln, Neb.
Practical Furrier,
Thone GG4. Cor. 12th and N Sts.
Jfc STOPPED FREE
I I X DR. RUNE'S GREAT U
U NERVE RESTORER
.KitffHTflrttdJi,-
CohmUwImi, Mraoaal or I" mall "'""" ,
to Til pitinu who par tipmiwe oIt "?, J"L
Anww Cmrt, sot only temporary rtltef. r all l ."-
mw Dir4m. Ipiltp.T. Sra.m -u vlDi 'j
DooilllT. Iihaaitioi. DR. R. II. K T,'
31 Arch Strtet, Philadelphia. oai wa.
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