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THE GOUR.ER
tional woman ban been developed.
In England tnoro attention has been
given eocial and esthetic onjoyuiontB.
While in Germany woman's cluba are
about equally divided between the solid,
practical sfcudy of tho ways of the good
"hausfrauen" and the philosophical and
tfanscendootnl tendencies of German
students. This condition of affairs in
G.ermany 1 refer to with pride as testi
mony that good cooking and culture are
not antagonistic to each other.
So many of the clubs of Nebraska are
reviewing bookB this winter that the
followiLg hints for reviews from such
authority as O. W. Ernst is timely:
1. Have no opinions; deal with the
realities in the book before you.
2. Present theee realities in the
plainest manner possible,, say, as you
would present an author to your invited
guests.
3. Have no views of your own; take
the public view, or the author's; oay
farewell to all likes and dislikes; if they
stick to you, don't publish them, lest
they should be smiled at.
4. Shrink from criticising bookB and
authors as you would shrink from criti
cising your friend's sister or her new
dress.
Don't ever say what you don't really
know; don't, for sweet Heaven's sake,
label books as one labels merchandise.
It you renounce Heaven, and if you
must express your approbation or the
opposite, use definite marks, A standing
for "immense, biggest thing yet;'' B for
"all right enough;" C for ''so so, halt
and half," and D for "every degree of
abomination. Or adopt a code of your
own from the commercial agencies.
5. Bring the news, and good newB; let
the chestnute mould in peace; begin
where the encyclopedias and daily pa
pers end.
6. If you can, bear in mind that re
viewers have but one function to tell
readers .precisely what the new books
offer. "Whatsoever " ismbre Ch'aVtbis
cometh of evil." The worlds wants to
know something about now books; it
does not care a rap for reviewers.
years and a "hurry up" course for the
older and more efficient of one year
Instruction to mistresses will be con
fined to theetbicBof treatment of maids.
There will bo a series of lectures on the
duties of mistresses to maids
Tho mistresses will receive certificates,
the servants diplomas. It will cost two
hundred thousand dollars to purchase a
site and erect a building. Thatumount
has been nearly secured by pledges.
The Society of the Hall in the Grove
met at the home of Dr. Sabin and spent
a very pleasant afternoon in Florence
last Friday. The first paper read was
by Mrs. Kingman, which was postponed
from the previous meeting, on tho sub
ject, "The Cemeteries and Palaces of
Florence." Mra. F. S Stein then told
of "The Sculpture and Art of Florence,"
illustrating with .numerous pictures.
Mrs. H. F. Smith presented a short bi
ography o! Raphael, showing reproduc
tions of his paintings. So much inter
est was manifested t in the topics on
Italian art that the subject for general
discussion was omitted. At the next
meeting, which will be at the home of
Mrs. Patrick, a discussion of "Do Wo
men Need the Ballot?" will be led by
Dr. Sabin.
The Chicago woman's club requires
each woman when elected to take the
following oath: "Holding my member
ship In the Chicago woman's club as
something sacred and worthy of unfail
ing loyalty I will sustain the club in its
good work and guard its reputation aa
long aa 1 live." There ie little wonder
that this club has become famous for ita
good works,
There is an impression that our large
public bchools need a man at the head.
Ad unwritten law declares that the su
perintendent must be a man and the
principal of the high school mu9t be a
man. Denver, one of tho most progres
sive cities in the United States, has de
cided to give this question a practical
test. Miss Emma M. Hery was elected
by a plurality of 3,000 as superintendent
of the public schools of Denver for the
coming year. Miss Hery is a beautiful,
tall girl of twenty-three, who has already
made a reputation in Denver as a clever
teacher in the city where she has been
leaching the past three jears. Mies
Hery 1b an enthusiastic, wheel woman
and the writer of several short stories.
To these honors she now adda that of
being the youngest-person in the United
States ever elected to a similar position.
We shall await with interest the vindi
cation of the judgment of the Denver
citizens.
art of Asia Minor.
IV. Greek art.
V. Etruscan and Roman art.
B.
Christian art to the Renaissance.
O.
Modern art from the Renaissance to
the present.
I. In Italy. II. In Germany. III. In
France. IV. In Holland. V. In Bel
gium. VI. In Spain. VII. In Eng
land. GENERAL KEMAltKS.
In ancient art architecture and sculp
ture predominated.
In early Christian art architecture
and painting predominated.
In modern art painting predominates.
Architecture and sculpture take second
place.
LESSON VI.
ROMAN ART.
1. Note. Roman art characteristics
in religion, politics and art.
2. (a) Romans excelled in secular ar
chitecture. See their acqueducts, foun
tains, bridges, tunnels, temples, palaces,
circuses, amphitheatres. Mote the use
of the arch and column, (b) Round
buildings; use of columns for ornament
ation; extended use of arch are Roman
characteristics.
3. (a) In sculpture they imitate the
style of the Hellenic period, and Greeks
are hired to do the work, (b) Portrait
sculpture is of Roman origin; compare
Gree idealism with Roman realism.
Illustrate. -
4. In painting, the Romans make
great advances. See Pompeian and Ro
man wall paintings.
,See Luebke'd History of Art; Reber's
History of Accient Art; Ferguson's His
tdry of Architecture; Architectural
Plates (all in university library). Greece
and Rome, by Falke (city library).
The COURIER
And any One Dollar
Club Magazine
ISO
Mrs. William H. Losee proposes to
solve the servant girl problem by build
log a college for domestic training in
Kansas City. Mrs. Losee has enlisted
one hundred of the representative men
of that city in her plan. They comprise
"doctors, lawyers, merchants, priest"
aud street railway magnates. These
gentlemen have promised to advise with
Mrs. Losee and assist her in keeping
the plan within strictly practical lines,
and have further pledged themselves to
a liberal contribution for the building
and equipment of this servant girls' col
lego. The prospectus announces that
this college will be for mistresses and
maids. Mrs, Losee declares that both
claeseB need careful training. Each
student will be taught to perform the
manifold duties of a household how to
cook, to care for tho house, to care for
furniture and bric-a-brac, to sew, to
mend and to observe all the habits cl
personal neatness.
Each girl will be taught to nurse the
sick and core for children.
Those who take a course in the Ser
vant Girls' College will be taught by ex
perienced instructors in all the branches
of household art and will bo graduated
not only intelligent, but well trained,
There will be a regular course of two
The Review and Art Club of York
held ita regular fortnightly meeting at
the home of its president, Mrs. Charles
Gilbert,- on Saturday afternoon, Decem
ber 16th. The piogram was of unusual
interest and profit. After the short
current topics on Art, responded to by
roll call, Miss Smith read an instructive
paper on the life and works of "Leon
ardodaVince" and presented illustra
tions. Iu addition to an already en
joyable afternoons the hostess in cele
bration of her eighth wedding anniver
sary, served elaborate refreshments.
Although a club does not meet for re
freshments yet such hospitality is ap
preciated at certain times and under
certain conditions.
At the recent installation of the now
rector of the University of Berlin it was
announced that last year 437 women
studied in the university where formerly
none were admitted.
ART HISTORY.
Outline of Work Prepared by Mrs. F. M.
Hall, Chairman of he Art Committee of
the N. F. W. C.
(a) Architecture.
(b) Sculpture
(c) Painting.
A.
ANCIENT ART.
I Egyptian art.
II. Babylonian and Assyrian art.
III. Persian, Phoeniuan, Palestine and
The Woman Question.
The impression seems to prevail al
most universally that the "new woman,''
so-called, is innately discordant to men's
ideale; that, in fact, she forces herself
upon him. People Eeem to regard her
a's, indeed, eh often ebort-eightedly re
gards herself as rather an imposition,
as something antagonistic to man's re--
quirements. But we seem not yet to.
have realized that just as there is a new
woman evolving herself out of the old
fashioned woman, bo is a new men taking
(he place of the old-fashioned man. Are
we not doing man an injustice to sup
pose that he remains merely the same
in his ideals and requirements, while
woman progresses alone? Just aa her
former state of domestic bondage has
become insufficient to our women, so it
haB become insufficient to our u.en. If
woman has changed her relative posi
tion to us by increasing her mental
ability, she ' is merely answering to
man's requirements as of old, only men
now want more.
Few men would now value their wo
men among their livestock; the idea is
abhorrent; yet it was the place assigned
to women some thirty centurieB ago.
Few men also would now bavo their
(womon-folk even aa their grandmothers
were; it would eeem a childish waste of
intelligence. The time of easy contont
odness and matrimonial pettiness is gone
childishness now seems incompetence,
'and mere domesticity a sordid thing.
It is not that men have becomo woreo
lovere, it 1b that their luve demands
. more. We are no longer content with a
doll that we can caress and forget,
What was the old-fashioned woman?
Simply a response to man, What is the
new woman? Likewise a response to
man; but it h a newma.n that asks.
The old-faBhioned woman was. in.
tended' to be mediocre and (o accom
plish mediocrity. She was intended
constantly to pay to man tho iniidious
compliment of the appeal of inferiority
to piotection. Sweetly imcotupotont
and conscientiously domestic, sho was
utterly receptive, occupying toward tho
world the attitude of a meek child be
fore a reverend and tyranical teacher.
Malleable to all precedents becauso
early taught the virtuoueneEB of abdi
catiori of will, she dared nothing, and
her meek pride wbb in the lack of an
individuality.
No woman can ever be really mascu -line
in nature, no matter how much sho
may try to imitate man. Her mascu
linity will be, as an effeminate man's
femininity, merely, a manner and an
appearance. The imitations of the ono
sex by the other will never be success
ful, because the requirements of each
are against it the differentiation of
sex ia one of nature'9 needs, and, how
ever much wer may progress, until wo
radically change it will remain bo.
There is much profitless t talk about
the destiny of the now. woman. Des
tinies are beyond up; they are progress
ions and we cannot see fate's ultimate
ends.
So in the great march of civilization
even man's sexual convictions are be
coming civilized. Tired of leading
woman along behind him,' bored by tho
monotony of guardianship, we aBk for
companionship. We are tired of play
itig the parent and the schoolmaster,
and it ia time that woman was grown
up. It is rating woman very low to
think of her only as an appeal to our
sexual admiration. The word "beauti
ful" hBB done more to keep woman in
mental abjection than all man's op
pressibn. So long as woman appeals
only, or even principally, to sentimental
or sensuous admiration, she appeals
only to a single and variable side of
our natures. We have, called . women
"the fair Bex" so long that they hayo
come to mean little more than tbat to
ub. Though beauty is delightful, it is
neither deep, lasting, nor significant,
and a merely beautiful woraaa is fast
coming to be regarded bb a luxury of
little importance.
The change in woman is the most
important event of 'our times, more
wide-reaching than wars; and more in
timate than the affairs of peace. It is
the most momentous change of the age,
because the closest. -
The abdication of all rights and' free
doms ia not beautiful, but inane. Until
woman iu sufficiently 'above the exag
geration of the instinct of maternity to
enable her to reaeouibout' it, to cause
her to wiBh to retain her self-possession,
man will rightly regard her principally
aa a producer of children. So long ae a
woman's greatest subject of conversa
tion conBiatsof the details of house
keeping, man will conclude that her
only interest ia in such things, lhe
necessary carea of the houee belittle
women's minde, and most women aro
content to become insignificant; but a
few run to the opposite extreme and
become merely neglectful, To be able
to be moderate ie to be strong. To
seize on the reasonable, and to bold
one's self steady therein, is ono of tho
greatest of strengths-
The modern woman is reasonable.
Her Bweetueea lies in her sympathetic
wisdom, and her charm in her frejh,
free, high womanhood. Young-Bouleii
and clear-minded, ehn will be cheerful
inberBolt because uhe will be satjefi'-'d.
R. V. Risley in Self Culture.
Biggs -"Dobb's always used to im
agine he was sick, although there was
nothing the matter with him."
oggs-"Why didu't ho call a doctor?''
Biggs-"Ho did, and now ho 'really i
sickl" -New York Journal.
V-