THE BEE; OMAHA. WEDNESDAY. APRIL 20, 1921. 7 tll fMI Ml oil MM IM inn ttitU tt'ttl ( tt'iM ltt (MM tMH tjiitti Ml. It "IIM Ml mi yMi ViMI ititil , Mitti Mli mini MHI1 Mill MltM tUM M HM Wlt l,!l t(l HIM 1 ita tlMi miC liH ajM tttll WIMt MM (mill IHM UHI MMI 41111 4lHi, ti)ii nut mil; MMI ilUl in ll MMM "(MM MM MH HtH MUM mm MMM Hit) mm till hit? mil I'ifM itMt mum ::ig Htln iHrt "MM M Milt MM MM lt( 'M w "MM "MM 1IMM ' IMI MM 4lUM tt tM atM ( iWt 'Hi . mm mm M mt nit Ml : Hr VlfMt ft mm MM mil Mim M4 turn 'Mil mm "no mm mil Mr mm ! mitt mm tM tun Imperial German Submarine Warfare Rendered Impotent by Mine Fields in I North Sea 230 Miles Long, Says Daniels : V By JOSEPHUS DANIELS fmmt totraUry H th Navy. Copyright. 1021. hr John V. Dill. Copyright by Nattmut Ncwapttwr Sonic. Cnpyrlfht In Great Britain. CanacU and throuttiAut Europe, All rlghU rstjr4. Inchuting tHiimUiiiw into foreign Uftfu&ff Including acandinaviaiu InautlioHiad raprinttng for any purpose forbidden. ARTICLE 6. The German U-boat almost got the world's nerve. This hidden foe of civilization, gliding swiftly beneath the surface of the sea, and sending its missile of death and destruction without warn ing into the vitals of great ships, was the biggest element of terror in the war, the heaviest tax upon morale, until Suddenly the tables turned. News flashed through the naval and military organizations of the allied and associated powers that there was virtual mutiny in the Ger man fleet. German sailors were refusing to obey tlie orders of their commanders. Submarines were lying in harbor because men declined to take them out to the hunting grounds in the ocean lanes and channels of transport. . . Somehow we had got the nerve of Germany. Then we knew the end was near. ' The break in the morale of the great navy of imperial Germany has no precedent in military history unless it be found in the collapse of Russia. But Russia's vast horde, when the crash came, was an undis ciplined mob compared with the or ganized, highly-trained, superbly-disciplined naval forces of Wilhelm Hohenzolleru. German naval per sonnel was of high type. This was especially true of the men selected for U-boat service. Only rome ex-, tiaorclinary pressure, some psycho logically shattering phenomenon . could be sufficient to produce panic in the souls of such sailors. What had happened? U-Boats Never Return. For weeks U-boats had been put ting out to sea' froiu their nesting places on the German coast, and van ishing as utterly as the bubble whic'i bursts while the child watches it. No trace was left of them, no record of what fate befell them. The Oitnan admiralty knew only that no wireless reports came from them, that they never "returned to their base. Their comrades in the dangerous game of undersea assassination missed them, and there spread through the ranks of men who went down into the deeps to wait for their prey the fear of a secret terror, a mysterious Nemesis, which tortured mind and nerve and shook the morale of the strongest. , Now and again there limped back to port a U-boat which had suf fered damage from contact with th's concealed peril, but which had escaped complete destruction. These survivors told a story which only intensified the dread. They- spoke of colliding with mines, hidden below the surface of the sea, implements of destruction, whose presence could not be guessed. The U-boat ran into them as a man might run into a low-stretched wire stretched across his path on a dark night By put ting together the evidence of those who came back and the unuttered testimony of those, who had be come ' forever silent, the German admiralty understood. More to the point is the fact that the sailors on the U-boats understood, and when-they understood they refused to go to sea, and the spirit of their , refusal spread to their comrades in other branthei pf the ' German ; naval service. The whole magnifi cent fighting organization began to disintegrate!' , Mine Barrage of 230 Miles. Across the North sea. from Nor way almost to the Orkneys, there Had been stretched a mine barrage 230 miles in length. It was the big gest and most successful innovation in naval warfare the world had seen up to that hour. It consisted of more than 70,000 mines. It was into this barrage the U-boats were running v hncver they attempted to - get around the north of the British isles into the open sea. , : ; It was a new factor in the war, a surprise for Von Tirpitz. A Moloch of the sea, with big jaws, powerful enough to devour the biggest sub marine, had become the. unseen and unknowable terror, and the U-boat menace dwindled and disappeared be fore it. j Bet tthe fact that makes me proud as an American, proud to have been secretary of the. navy, and proud be yond words of the flWt and the men under my direction, is the fact that the laying of this unparalleled barrage, this most extraordinary death-trap for the most dangerous foe which has ever assailed civilization, was a plan wholly of American 'conception, and, in greatest part, of American execu tion. Wt had been fighting the U-boats with destroyers so had the British and so had the French. The destroyer was a holy terror to the submarine, but the submarine was quite as hard a problem for the destroyer. And the submarine had . an advantage which makes it the most difficult foe on the seas its facility fox vanishing from sight by submergence. To es cape the attack of a U-boat a destroy er had to rely upon skill in naviga tion, zig-zatrging and speed, and no ships which ever sailed the seas gave quite so good an account of themselves, not only on the score of "capable direction, - but also because of the pluck and daring of, their crews. - The men who made the charge ot the Light brigade and the men who held the pass at Thermopylae were brothers in courage to- the men on the destroyers and other naval craft which hunted and outdistanced the elusive submarines. , But the trouble was that to patrol effectively the transatlantic trade routes, according t Admiral Sims, "would have taken about 25,000 de stroyers." In spite of speeding up production to the limit of human ca pacity, when the war ended the Brit ish and American destroyer strength combined numbered only a few- hun , dred. . ' ; What Defeated Submarines. - If the fighting of the submarine menace had been left to patrol by the surface craft of the allied and associated powers there might have been another finish to the war Jthan that which gave democracy its" vic tory. The magnificent heroism of British and French and American sailors might not have overcome the handicap of surface exposure. Just two things defeated the. submarine the convoy system an'd the mine barrage. The American jjavy made convey possible and it put through the nunc offensive. . . It was Admiral Joseph St.-at'ss, ncau oi uic oureau ot ordnance, who, a few months after 1 had become sec reurjr gi the navy, ought u d- pointment with me to discuss the question of mines. He said: "We have not, in our navy, given enough attention to mines. if wc were to be engaged in a war one of the matters of first importance would be the mining of the approaches to our rivers and harbors to prevent entrance by enemy ships. And if we should be engaged in war away from cur shores we might find that min ing for the destruction of enemy craft or the protection of our own ships would be the chief need to se cure victory. Were Experts in Mining. Joseph Strauss und George R. Marvel undertook the study of im proving mines and devising better methods for laying them. The Balti more was fitted up as a mine ship. Many new wrinkles of great value were developed in experiment. So when we entered the war we knew something about mining. . We . were qualified as experts in this department of naval warfare. It was a great satisfaction to me then to reflect that, long before there had been a fleck of war cloud as big as a man's hand in the sky, I hed ap proved this particular work of re search and taken intense interest in its developments, ' So immediately upon' our en trance into the war--iu April, 1917 the Navy department of the United States, through its bureau of ordnance, made the suggestion that a mine barrage be laid across the North set from the Orkneys to Nor way. We believed this would end the U-boat menace. We believed Germany would have to keep its un dersea navy at home if we could close that 230-mile door to the Atlantic. And we in Washington believed we could close it. There were doubters among our home strategists, but there were more who believed it possible and who were willing to make the effort. But in Great Britain naval leaders re garded the proposal as impracticable. Lloyd George With Wilson. Two great civilian' leaders Woodrow Wilson and Lloyd George were convinced that only by some bold, unprecedented offensive could civilization . be saved from the U boat. Either the protected nests of the submarines must be raidad and destroyed, or : the avenue through which they reached he high seas must be blocked. Lloyd George expressed his belief that some form of barrage would prove the most ef fective offensive against the U-boat, but he did not direct the British ad. miralty to adopt the proposal. If it had taken his advice the North sea barrage would have, been laid in 1917 and hundreds of thousands of tons of shipping and weary months of anxiety would have been saved the allies. Probably the war would have ended at a Considerably earlier date. While we argued and persuaded precious time was passing. The ex perts across the seas said "No; it is impracticable." ? " Admiral Earle convinced by his experiments that the thing could be done, overcame any doubt his col leagues might have entertained, and the general board, the chief of operations and the commander-in-chief of the fleet all joined with him in urging and pleading that an ef fort be made to May the barrage. Frominent American, civilians em ployed such influence as they could exert to the same end, Great Work Accomplished. And so at last iri the fall of 1917 epposition and prejudice gave way. Admiral Earle and his associates had convinced the doubters in our own naVy and the British navy and rejoiced that their platr was to be put into effect. Admiral Starauss was put in charge of this, the out standing naval-offensive of the world war. He had a Ricked per sonnel of 7,000 officers, and men of stuff and skill. Our force laid 56. 611 mines; their British coworkers laid 13,652. Most of our mjnes were of a new type, perfected in the sum mer of, 1917. The British laid the old type of mine." However, both proved effective., OurTnavy made 100,000 mines and transported 80, 000. It required 64ship loads from the United States7 and involved nniiianiooiaiiDiDfrDim I For Colds mnmi.mnn L - TXltlll aJ .lHIIIIH i ftaTrTiririnnnnnnnnnnrCrPa :-- Relieves Keep aJUbe Handy It Jhos.Leeming8Cb.,NX . I 0800100801010001001:3 dangers and hardships little realized by those who were not engaged in the perilous task. The entire cost of the American part of this opera tion was approximately $80,000,000. The mines cost $35,581,250. The first mines were placed on June 8, and the first victim was recorded on June 9, when a U boat was disabled and compelled to return to its base. The British admiralty officially credits the barrage with the destruc tion of 23 U-boats. According to Admiral Earle. chief of the bureau of ordinance, "It has been established that six submarines were loft in the barrage and three more were so bad ly damaged that they never again put to sea." This is the conservative Amefican estimate, which the British admiralty supplements from further information in its possession. What the Barrage Did. "Eight and one-half per cent of the total number of submarines lost during the war were brought into the list of missing," says Admiral Earle, "by the barrage, which existed for only 6 per cent of the period of the war. Such results more than justified the effort and time and funds expended." Admiral Strauss is responsible for the following opinion, which, I think, has never been published: "If the war had continued and the barrage had been completed to the Orkneys, and the barrie'r across the straits of Dover had been promptly completed, it would have ended the submarine menace so far as the sub marines going from the North sea into the broad Atlantic were con cerned. Also the barrier that we were to build across the Adriatic and across the Aegean sea, when complet ed, would, have actually ended sub marinb operations." Even in its incompleteness it served its purpose. It precipitated the mutiny of the German navy, which was a main factor in bringing about the internal collapse of kaiser dom. ' . Future or Mine Barrage. The day may come when , it will be possible to sow the seas with so many explosives, timed to go off at a given moment, that sea fighting will be seen only on the open oceans provided the fighting craft can reach them. Beyond all question such inland seas as Chesapeake bay, the Bay of San Francisco, the Mediterranean and the North sea can be sealed hermetically by the proper employ ment of enough mines of the mod ern type, upon whose deadliness to the enemy we are steadily improv ing. But one of the tasks that mine warfare involves is cleaning up the seas after the fuss is over. It is, of course, out of the question that these terrible death containers should be left to bob around in times of peace. ' Mine-sweeping is more perilous than mine-laying. November 24, 1919, about a year after the armistice, I went to New York to welcome home the last of the mine force, and express to them the nation's grati tude. It took 80 vessels and 4,000 men from May 8, 1919, to September 30 to sweep up the mines in the North sea. It was desperately dangerous work, carried on without any of the glamour and stimulus attaching to actual conflict, but calling for just as great heroism and devotion to duty as any daring venture on land or sea against the enemy. To the men who did this work must go no small share of honor and glory. Twenty-three ships were damaged and two officers and nine men lost their lives in sweeping up the mines in the North sea barrage. They, too, died for America and civilization. Let me, in closing this article, give you this bit from Kipling, "who cele brates the service and heroism of theN mine sweepers: , "And if you hit a mine?" he asked a British sweeper. "You go up but hadn't ought to hit 'em," he replied, "if you are care- oaononononononoaa I CADILLAC 8 a Service and Repair g o D o n o n o D o a o n o D o a o n Department , 26th and Farnam Streets We make it right . Our satisfied customers are our best asset. , - Have your Cadillac attended by efficient, capable me chanics, who, through con stant practice, can do it for. less in the long run. J. H. Hansen Cadillac Co. - Service Deoartment n boo: onoaonononono Pain D.nN mm - w ful. The thing is to get hold of the first mine all right, and then you go to the next, and so on, in a way of speakin.' " ' As they sailed on Kipling said: "Suppose there are more mines knocking about?" "We'll hope there aren't," was the soothing reply. "Mines are all Joss. You either hit 'em or you don't. And if you do, they don't always go off. May scrape alongside." "What's the etiquette then?" "Shut off both propellers and hope." (Another artlrU by former Secretary Dsalela will be printed tomorrow.) Garage Man Appeals From Award Granted On Employe's Death Plattsmouth, Net., April 19. Cspecial.) John r. Wolff, garage owner, has filed a a action in district court appealing the award of State Labor Commissioner Frank A. Ken nedy in the case of compensation for the death of Loren McCrary, an employe of Mr. Wolff, who was run over by a truck, September 30, and died a few hours later in an Omaha hospital. , The hearing of the case was lield here some 10 days ago, Mr. Ken nedy taking the matter under advise ment at that time. His award wa3 for $9.75 a week for 350 weeks, or a total of $3,412.50, to the father of 'he young man and an additional $150 for funeral expenses. At the hearing it was testified that .Mt. Wolff had given McCrary in structions in the morning concern ing his "work for the day, which in cluded a visit to a storaee battery station two blocks away, and it was claimed that in attempting to catch a ride on the moving truck he was carrying out his employer's orders, while the defendant insurance com pany, which has brought the present appeal action in Mrs. Wolff's name, iought to prove tho accident was the result of carelessness on the part oi the deceased while not engaged in his line of duties as an employe of its client. v POLITICAL ADVERTISEMENT. Gafefmsifili Peop He has been W. G. Ure's job through out his public service as' a county commissioner, city and county ' treasurer and city commissioner. As County Commissioner he enforced economy , restricted graft and fought for a dollar's worth of service or material for every dollar spent. As Treasurer he collected back taxes from tax shirkers, ar ' ranged for the retirement of bonds and payment of warrants wherever possible, and set new stand ards of efficiency iij the office. ' ' ; as oirv -:-..- .... . vhe practiced economy as well as preached it, en forced the separation of bond accounts from current expense funds, paid pf maturing bonds. For twenty years W. G. Ure has been an out standing figure in every campaign for clean, honest and efficient city government in Omaha. Volte Peace Officer Dies Following Severe Beatins Victim Mauled After He Had Slapped Young Girl;; U. P. Shop Employe at , Cheyenne Arrested. Cheyenne, Wyo., April 19. Frank F. Sinon, 62, veteran peace officer and ranchman of this vicinity, died as result of a beating alleged to have been administered Friday night by Ed F. Geesa, 22, an employe of the Union Pacific shops here. The fight occurred w.hen Sinon went to the Geesa home, accompanied by Ethel Vansickle, 20, daughter of a former employe of Sinon while he was en gaged in the. hotel business, and slapped the girl's face when she re fused to accompany him to his own home. Geesa came ' to the rescue of the Vansickle girl and administered a se vere beating to Sinon. The old man managed to get home in a taxicab and went to his room without arous ing other members of' the family. They became alarmed at his condi tion when he appeared Saturday morning. Sinon told his son and daughter that Geesa had beaten him. Geesa was promptly arrested, given prelinnary hearing on assault and battery charge, and dismissed on bail of $1,000. While the preliminary was in prog ress Monday afternoon the victim died. When Sinon's death was re ported to Sheriff Carroll, Geesa was rearrested. Sinon had been a resident of Lara mie county for 35 years, during most of which-time he was deputy sheriff at Pine Bluffs, 40 miles east of here. Later he was in the' saloon business at Pine Bluffs, then came to Cheyenne, where he engaged in the hotel business. He is survived by three daughters and two sons. . A coroner's inquest has been called. POLITICAL ADVERTISEMENT. 9 TTTi H S JT 0CKOT0K commissioner . For City Commissioner Election Day, May 5cT Plattsmouth Man Has Unique;.Treasure Box Of Revolutionary Days PJattsmouth, Neb., April 19. (Special.) C." C. Dcspain, aged Plattsmouth resident, has in his possession a unique tteasure box which was made by his grandfather more than 145 years ago and which he will present to the state historical society. The box is made of walnut, being some 12 inches long by 8 wide and 5 deep, and 'was fashioned at the time of the Revolutionary war, the pieces being fastened together with wooden plugs'; A concealed lock, arranged - to .open only with the assistance of a long wooden key, shows the cleverness of the designer. Peter Despaan, who made the box, served through the Revolutionary war, later locating in the present state of Kentucky, where the family became quite prominent, and where the sturdy pioneer died in 1865, at ADAiTRTlSKMEST. Whatever You Do Don't Neglect Your Eyes,. Says Dr. Lewis, Who Telli How to Strengthen Eyesight' 50 in One Week's - Time in Many Instances ' A Free Prescription You Can Have Filled end Use at Home. Philadelphia, Pa. Do you wear classes? Are you a victim ot eye strain or other eye weaknesses T It so, you will be glad to know that according to Or. Lewis there is real hope for you. He says neglect causes more eye troubles and poor sight than any other. one thing. Many whose eyes were failing say they had their eyes restored through the principle of this wonderful frre prescription. One man says after trying it: I was almost blind: could not see to read at all. Now I can read everything without any glasses and my eyes do not water any more. At night they would pain dread fully: now they feel fine all the time. Jt was like a miracle to me." A lady who used it says: "The atmosphere seemed hazy with or without glasses, but after using this prescription for fifteen days every thing seems clear. I can even read fine print without glasses." It is believed that thousands who wear glasses can now dis card them in a reasonable time and multi tudes more will be able to strengthen their eyes so as to be spared the trouble and ex POLITICAL ADVERTISEMENT. nil H the age of 115 years. On his death the box was passed to his son, Wil liam, father of Albert and C C, and who at that time resided in Platts mouth. On William's death, the box became ' the nronrrtv nf the klder brother, Albert, who died re- centlv. leavin? it to the hrnther. f C. is nearly 80 years old and one of the prominent older Masons ot the state. Presbytery of Niobrara To Convene at Wakefield Wakefield, Neb., April 19. (Spe cial.) The Fresbvtery of Niobraa w:il convene here in its annual spring meeting. The moderator is the P.- M. Osr of the Wakefield church. Rev, Gee rge Bray of Pender is the stated clerk and treasurer. The opening strmon will be .preached by Rev. J. M. Caldwell, D I)., a former pastor of the Wake- feld church. Dr. Caldwell is over 80 years old, bein; one of the old est pastors in th s communion in Nebraska. A D V KRTIS EM EXT. pense of ever getting glasses. Eye troubles of many descriptions may be wonderfully benefited by following the simple rules. Here is the prescription: Go to any active drug store and get a bottle of Bon-Opto tablets. Drop one Bon-Opto tablet in a fourth of a glass of water and allow to dis solve. With this liquid bathe the eyea two or four times daily. You should notice your eyes clear up perceptibly right from the start and inflammation will quickly disappear. If your eyes are bothering you, even a little, take ateps to save them now before it is too late. Many hopelessly blind might have been saved if they had cared for their eyes in time. NOTE: Another prominent Phyilclin to whom the store sKlcle was submitted uid. "Bon-Opto is a rery remarkable remedy. Its oonsUluent In gredients are well known to eminent sys siieuialiita and widely prescribed by them." Ths manufacturera guarantee It to stronsthen eyeitgut 50 per cent In une week's time In many Instances or refund the money. It can he obtained from any good drunrlat and la one of the ?ery few preparations I feel should be kept on hand for regular use In almmt enry Inmily. It la sold in this city by all leading drug gists, includl.ig the Sherman c McC'ounell and the Melcher stores. POLITICAL ADVERTISEMENT BOWEN'S It's Not Expensive to have Overdrapes At Your Windo.ws if' the selection be made at the Bowen stoics, and our prices quickly prove the above statement, Drapery Fabrics The paramount feature good taste, beauty and utility having been carefully consid ered, all women desiring to solve their own problems in interior decorations will find choosing their Drapery Fab--rics from the Bowen store a pleasure and a real saving in money, while the women who desire to consult our Drapery Experts will always find them at their service. . Ready-to-Hang Overdrapes Pretty Madras, overdrapes with Valance, trimmed with edging to match; made to fit any ordinary sized single win dow, iptt pair $2.95, $3.95 and $4.95 i Cretonne Overdrapes with Valance, ready to hang, 2 yards long. Dozens of pretty patterns. 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We especially want to send It to those apparently hopeless cases, where all forms of inhalers, douches, opium preparations,' fumes, "patent smokes," etc., have failed. We want to show everyone at our expense that our method is designed to end all dif ficult breathing, all wheezing, and all those terrible paroxysms. This free offer is tod important to neg lect a single day. Write now and begin the method at once. Send no money. Sim ply (nail eoapon below. Do it Today you do not even pay postage. FREE TRIAL COUPON FRONTIER ASTHMA CO., Room 24N, Niagara and Hudson Su., Buffalo. N. Y. Send free trial of your method to: 1 fSatjnry tVa wimwui ns"v" llf HUNT'S GUARANTEED ' I SKIN DISBASS REMEDIES y) (Hunt's Bahre and Soar), tail la Yl the treatment of Itch, Eesema, fungworm, I exier or our nra--wl- JiuaH. Trv this traetmeot at ur nsa. Sherman A McCenneU S Drug Store. Supply Your Needs by Using Bike Want Ads Best Resultj WW ra V to