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THE OMAHA SUNDAY BEE: SEFTEMBEK 5, 1920.
AGRICULTURAL
SECTION FAIR'S
BIG FEATURE
NEBRASKA ONE
OF LEADERS IN
HORTICULTURE
Pioneers of State Worked
Against Great Odds In
Propagating Flowers and
Fruits.
Highways of Nebraska
Omaha's Corps of Visiting Nurses
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All Subjects Pertaining to
Farms Are Covered in
State School of Ag
riculture. The Nebraska- College of Agricul
ture will be one of the points of
interest for many visitors to the state
1 fair at Lincoln. Every farmer comes
into frequent touch with the work
that centers about the farm scientists
who teach and work there. The work
of the college is not confined to
class room teaching. Through its
; experiment stations, extension lec
tures and co-operation with the Unit
ed States Department of Agricul
ture farm bureaus and county agents,
it reaches into many homes. One
can even remain on the farm and
receive instruction from the college.
Herds ot cattle, hogs and sheep
are maintained for the use of stu
dents of live stock breeding, feed-
! , ing, dairying and animal diseases.
Large, well-equipped buildings are
- provided for the study of farm prob
lems. Roys enrolling for the four
year course itucly crop production,
' ; crop rotation, management, soil fer
tility, breeding, and all questions
concerning live slock. There are
courses in rural law and marketing.
In addition they are given practical
knowledge of farm blacksmrthing
and carpentering, and courses in
' handling and repairing machinery,
tractors and automobiles.
Courses for Girls.
Farm girls receive an equally val-
i ; uable course, including cooking, bak-
' ing, sewing and all the household
arts. Upon receiving her diploma
t-. the cirl graduate of the Nebraska
; College of Agriculture has learned
: . to make her own clothes, how to
3 fiT nurse enough to save many doc-""-f
tor's bills, how to furnish and care
for a home, and even how to draw
" the plans. In addition most of the
t'j-S.' girls study dairying, buttcrmaking,
ice ' cream manufacture, poultry
raising or gardening. Girls as well
v as boys are taught how to use a
's ., hammer and saw. Girls learn how
i ::. to refinish floors and furniture and
how to plan a labor saving kitchen.
' v .A large new plant at the college
jv;; will open this year to study the pre-'-
vention and cure of animal diseases.
This branch is one of the most val
uable ones to the farmers5. Under
" the direction of a noted scientist, Dr.
L. Van Es, much effective work has
been done in testing the reliability
yof certain immunizing agents against
? animal diseases.
Hog Cholera Eliminated.
a The state maintains its own hog
v cholera serum plant. In addition to
having saved thousands of swine by
U inoculation, this plant has forced
j , down the price of hog serum and
saved money in this way. All se
p , rums are tested here by the state,
ii The state has been practically
r freed from hog cholera by this ac-
tivity. The serum plant, the depart-
ment of animal pathology and hy
giene, in conjunction with the
United States Department of Agri
r culture, and the farm agents, have
saved the farmers of Nebraska enor-
mous sums by protecting the lives
' of their herds. Last year more than
: 100,000 hogs were vaccinated by
county agricultural agents at dem
onstrations to show farmers how to
administer the serum.
Seventy thousand head of cattle
, were rendered immune to blackleg
by the county agents. The exten
sion service of the college has been
of great further benefit by encour
aging .the movement for better live
stock. Scrub sires are being elimi
nated and now nearly every county
has its pure-bred live stock associa-
tion. The college gives certificates
to all farms where nothing but pure
bred sires are used. It is said that
1 few farmers once using a pure-bred
ever goes back to a scrub.
Great emphasis is placed on the
dairy industry. Travelers from the
Scandinavian countries, famous for
'j their dairy products, have been
; , deeply impressed by the thoroughly
I ' modern teaching of this department,
v , It has a perfectly equipped dairy
. ' barn, herds of cows of the best
breeds, and a trained staff of teach
ers. Buttermaking and the care xif
milk also are taught by actual prac
i tice.
Crop Pests Eradicated.
r v Beef herds also are maintained
.v and the students, besides , learning
' stock judging, learn at first hand
sL, front the experiments in feeding,
LSI MUIII ItllU IIBIlU'lllg V IX t
Control of insect pests is another
important part of the college ac
tivity. The Department of Ento
mology is constantly engaged in
eradicating crop pests. In the west
ern part of the state grasshoppers
have been a great menace. Large
poison mixing plants have been es
tablished at various points and pois
oned bran was distributed to farmers
by the truck load. Twenty-five
freight cars of bran and a car load
of white arsenic were used in this
T'J huge fight. Farmers estimated their
losses trom grasshoppers in 1918 at
V. 51,500,000. This was reduced to al
most nothing the following year.
f The sugar beet webworm is an
'.Q. other peril that this department has
aided in controlling. Nursery and
orcnara insects, pocxet gopners ana
many other menaces have been
checked through this medium.
Engineering Department.
In this day of power farming, the
engineering department of the col
lege has taken on high importance.
For the protection of farrijers, the
state law requires all models of trac
tors to be tried out by the college
before they are1 allowed to be sold
in. Nebraska. The claims of the
manufacturers are compared with
actual performance, one of the tests
being that of hauling a regulated
load 10 hours without a stop. '
23 The building used for farm engi
neering cost $240,000. Boys there
learn how to construct hog houses,
T"r wagon boxes, gates, hayracks and
fences. They study the best plans
- far farm houses and bams and learn
r how they should be constructed
"y Sharpening plowshares, welding,
ri"' thread cutting, pipe fitting and other
3' work with iron is taught. Blueprint
plans and lists of material for any
kind of farm building may be ob
" tained from the college fr ,a few
cents. This is one way of modern
.'; izing the farm homes.
In addition to production prob
rI lems. those of marketing are given
equal attention. The department of
Reading left to right, front row: Katherine Sweeney, Frieda Johnson, Hazel Drake, Mildred Huntington, Nettie Wattles, Myrtle McGier.
Second row: Edith Coury, Elfrieda Teeck, Harriett Brenenitall, Alia Corn, Dora Petersen, Attilia Czaplik, Elfie Spurrier, Josephine Albright.
Third row: Eva May, Ar villa Timne.
rural economics has made a special
study of marketing, with emphasis
on the co-operative features. These
lessons have had a wide influence
among Nebraska farmers and the
spirit of organization is strong. The
extension service had aided the for
mation of 50 co-operative societies
in the last year. The pooling of the
farmers' wool in 20 counties in 1919
brought the growers an average of
3 cents a pound more than the price
given those who marketed their clip
individually.
Farmers Keep Books.
The college extension service has
encouraged farmers to organize oit
business lines, just as merchants
have their commercial clubs and ex
changes, to get better freight serv
ice and fairer prices.
Farming is being made a com
mercial pursuit through the activity
of the farm school. The farm rec
ord book designed by the faculty
provides a system of bookkeeping
by which the tillers of the soil can
estimate' their cost of production.
It is said that 25,000 farmers of the
state are now keeping books and
figuring the basis on which their
crops should sell in order to return
a fair profit.
Nebraska rapidly is becoming a
great poultry state, and the college
is sending out , lecturers to demon
state the best methods of egg pro
duction. Twenty-two demonstra
tion farms were established last
year to show the possibilities of
profiting with hens, and to act as
community centers for distributing
standard bred fowls. A national
egg-laying contest that is being con
ducted by the school has entries
from all over the LTnited States.
Chickens owned in Nebraska are
The Lion Bonding and
Surety Company
The Leading Surety Company of the West
OMAHA '
presents compliments to the State Fa ir, its management and patrons. We
have no booth at headquarters, having, in the rush of work, overlooked
this opportunity ' of entertaining our friends.
The Lion Is a Nebraska Product
Owned exclusively by Nebraska men, and patronized by the best busi
ness men in every county in Nebraska. We have over three hundred
agents in the state, and we pay indemnities for losses in a great many
cases during each year. We issue
Surety Bonds, Fidelity Bonds,
Court and Fiduciary Bonds,
and policies against loss in Plate Gl ass, Burglary, Automobile and other
lines.
We 1ft rite More Accident and Health Business
Than Any Other Company in Nebraska.
' " We think we will "keep house" at the State Fair next year. ,
The Lion Bonding ms! Surety
. E. R. GURNEY, President
said to be holding their own with
the best.
Fruit Growing Industry.
Sixty million dollars' worth of
poultry products are produced in
Nebraska each year, and a number
of farmers have made more money
from their chickens than from grain.
The college also is back of a
movement for more fruit growing.
Pioneers set out large orchards, but
in too many cases they have been
neglected in recent years. Interest
in wheat and live stock has been de
tracted from the fruit industry, al
though Nebraska has' several dis
tricts that give-it high rank as an
apple state and promise as much as
a strawberry producer. The college
has demonstration orchards at Lin
coln and Union. Special breeding
is being done to devolp high yield
ing strawberries.' Many farmers are
getting assistance from the state to
establish orchards.
Other experiment stations to de
velop improved methods of crop ro
tation and all other agricultural
processes are maintained at Lincoln,
North Platte, Mitchell and Valen
tine. Two improved varieties of
wheat developed at the main station
are being widely used in the state to
give larger yields.
Potato Industry Grows.
By the aid of co-operative tests
made with farmers last year in va
rious parts of the state, Nebraska
oats 21, originated by the experi
ment station, made an average yield
of eight bushels more to the acre
than ordinary oats.
Experts hired by the state are at
work on all farm problems, whether
of soil erosion, land tenancy, irriga
tion, sugar beets, or what not.
Potato raising is rapidly being
STRONG CIVIC
SPIRIT IS FOUND
IN CAPITAL CITY
Chamber of Commerce Heads
Organization Which Pro
motes Co-operation.
That the people of Nebraska are
particularly interested in Lincoln is
one of the beliefs on which the Com
mercial club there operates. Great
sums raised by statewide taxation
are spent there in maintaining the
state capital, and Lincoln more than
any other city of the state is one in
which every taxpayer can feel a
sense of proprietorship. This feel
ing is fostered by the work of the
interclub relations committee of the
club.
Committees Are Active.
It hopes by drawing close bonds
of friendship and understanding
with commercial organizations else
where to give the people of the state
a better idea of what Lincoln stands
for.
E. C. Hardy is president of the
Lincoln Commercial club, which
serves as a clearing house for civic
progress. The city planning coni-
brought to the fore, especially in the
western part of the state. The col
lege has done much to encourage
this. A seed inspection service has
been established for the benefit of
the growers. Tests in southern
states have shown Nebraska seed po
tatoes to be excellent, and a large
market is being opened in the south
for Nebraska seed potatoes.
mittee has been active in carrying
charter amendments for a zoning
system to protect the university,
capitol and high school from being
hedged in by unsightly building. Im
provements m the iair grounds and
boulevard system have also been
aided by the club.
Improve Working Conditions.
A committee on legislative research
devotes "particular on-the-ground
effort to protecting business inter
ests through lawmaking. A com
mittee on the welfare of labor is de
signed to bring ctoser understand
ing between employers and em
ployes, and co-operates with the
Y. M.' C. A. in plans to improve
wording conditions and quiet un
rest. Public health, railroad .rates
and trade promotion are other
branches of work that are being
pushed to the fore since the war
ended.
Accommodating Operator
Is Killed by Lightning
Florence, Kan., Sept. J. Had
Harry M. Harpster, 35, an employe
of the electric power plant here,
been less accommodating he prob
ably would be alive today.
When Harpster's day was up a
heavy electrical storm was at its
height, so he telephoned a co-worker
who was to relieve him to "take his
time about getting to work."
Two hours later, when the co
worker arrived, he found Harpster
lying dead under a switchboard. He
had been killed by a bolt of light
ning thauhad "gotten by" the ar
resters. All workers in the building trades
in Denver, Colo.,, have received in
creases in wages ranging from 60
cents, to $1.50 per day.
Co
The horticultural men of Ne
braska have made extensive plans
for advertisiiffe the state as a place
of fruit and flowers at the state fair
at'Lincoln September 5 to 1-0. It is
said that there are 60 different kinds
of native trees in Nebraska, not in
cluding the woody shrubs, such as
sumach, choke cherry and aldei.
The larger trees are found along
the rivers in the eastern part of the
state and in the far west. In the
central and northern sections the
smaller varieties are found.
Worked Against Odds. s
"The Nebiaeska State Horticul-
t iral society is 51 years old," says
I--. K. B. Weber of Lincoln, secre
tary of the organization, and editor
of Nebraska Horticulture. "It has
done much in that time to add to
the life and beauty of the state. The
early members fought long and hard
against great odds to prove what
the world now knows that a por
tion of the state now produces as
fine fruit as can be found anywhere.
"Through the strenuous pioneer
work of the florists and gardeners,
WHEN YOU WANT
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606 Miles in
20 Hours and 31 Minutes
See the Reo Speedwagon that made the record
with a load of 2,535 pounds. It will be exhibited at
the State Fair, Lincoln, Neb. Examine it make us
prove thatit is a stock model in every respect. This
kind of proof will show you why the Reo is so popular.
A. H. JONES COMPANY
v DISTRIBUTORS
Western Nebraska and Northwestern
Kansas
HASTINGS, NEBRASKA
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PROJECT NOPTU OF SUPERIOR
the society has made good in beau- i fair visitors to the men whose por
tifying and feeding our great com-1 traits can be seen on the walls of
nionwealth. tfie Hall of Achievement at the state
'T wish to call the attention of j farm."
YOUR SUIT CLEANED OR
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WE CAN DO IT UP RIGHT
Return Postage on All Out-of-Town
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PRESSED IN A HURRY
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JONES-OPPER CO.,
DISTRIBUTORS
Eastern and Northern Nebraska and
Western Iowa
OMAHA, NEBRASKA .
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