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THE BEE: OMAHA. SATURDAY. FEBRUARY M. 1920.
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LANSING QUITS;
CLIMAX OF PEACE
TREATY BREAK
Note to Carranza During Ill
ness of Wilson Widens
Breach Over Diplo
matic Problems.
(Continurd From rirxt Ig.)
''c brought to" the president's atten
tion. Held Meetings Regular.'
Thereafter until this week the cab
inet met more or less regularly.
During the coal strike it met twice
i week in an elTort to avert the
walkout of the' ljiiners and several
weeks ago it wtfs decided to have
meetings every Tuesday and Fri
day. During the coal wane controversy
the president was said at the White
House to have been advised of the
meetings and to have been kept in
formed as to the progress his ad
visers were making toward a settle
ment of the controversy. lie finally
took the matter out of the cabinet's
To Heal a Cough
Tke HAYES' HEALING HONEY. 35c.
hands and suggested a settlement
which the miners accepted.
The correspondence between the
president and Mr. Lansing which re
sulted in Mr. Lansing's resignation
was made public tonight at the State
department an hour after Under
Secretary Polk had conferred at the
White House with Secretary Tu
multy. , Conscious of Break.
Mr. Lansing in his' final letter to
the president said thait "in thus
severing our, official association" he
felt that he should make public a
statement he had prepared recently
showing that he had "not been un
mindful that the continuance of our
present relations was impossible"
and that it was his duty to bring
tiiein to an end "at the earliest mo
ment compatible with the public in
terest." "Ever since January, 1919," Mr.
Lansing continued. "I have been
conscious of the fact that you no
loriger were disposed to welcome
my advice in matters pertaining to
the negotiations at Taris, to our for
eign service or to international af
fairs in general."
He added that had he followed his
personal inclination he would have
resigned while in Paris, but that he
had refrained because he felt it his
duty to "cause you no embarrass
ment in carrying forward the great
task in which you were then en
gaged.' Agajn Mr. Lansing said that while
he had been "surprised and disap;
pointed" at the frequent disapproval
of liTs suggestions, he had niver
failed to fojlow the president's de
cisions, "however difficult it made
the conducOfif our foreign affairs."
' Had No Power.
Mr. Lansing accompanied the
president to Paris in December.1918,
as one of the American peace dele
gates, but his friends have said that
while Mr. Wilson was at the peace
conference, Mr.. Lansing was virtual
ly without authority v and that
naturally he felt this keenly since
the other allied and associated
countries were represented by their
premiers and not the heads of their
governments.
Verifies Bullitt Testimony.
William C. Bullitt of Philadelphia,
formerly employed by the American
peace commission in a confidential
capacity, testified before the senate
foreign relations committee last Sep
tember concerning reported differ
ences between the president an his
secretary of state on the peace treaty
and the league of nations covenant.
Bullitt told the committee that Mr.
Lansing had expressed to him op
position to the ratification of tlit
treaty and covenant in a conversa
tion in l'aris the day Bullitt resigned
from the American mission because
he was not in sympathy with the
treaty ana league.
Mr. Lansing wars on a vacation at
Watertown, N. Y.( at the time Bullitt
testified and when shown the testi
mony there, lie declined to comment.
Mr. Lansing filially returned from
Paris before the work of the Ameri
can peace delegation was concluded,,
being succeeded by Frank L. Polk,
,tliiiiiiiilitiilini'r,tmiiinimi'ii-iii
under secretary of state. The fric
tion between himself and Mr. Wil
son continued after he came back
to Washington.
During the president's illness the
Mexican issue again came to the
front with the kidnaping and sub
sequent arrest of American Consular
Agent Jenkins in Mexico. After the
Jenkins case had been discussed at
cabinet meetings, presided over by
Mr. Lansing, the State department
sent a note to Larranza -biunny
warning' him that further "molesta
tion" of lenkins would "seriously
affect, the relations between the
United States and Mexico, for which
the government of Mexico must as
sume sole responsibility.
Halts Mexican Action. ,
President Wilson was advised of a
situation which apparently had
grown acute and he was said at the
time to have personally taken
charge of the matter. The Mexican
government delayed its reply for
some time and subsequently Jenkins
was released on bail furnished by J.
Salter Hansen, without the consular
i.' i i -.i t I f
agem s kuuw irur. jciimii s vase in
pending in the Mexican courts, hav
ing been transferred from the Pue-
bla state courts- to the iederal su
preme court, which the State de
partment had contended was the
only tribunal which had jurisdiction
in the case. No further action has
been taken by the American govern
ment so far as has been announced.
While a few members of the cab
inet have conferred with Mr. Wilson
since he was taken ill, it was said to
night that Mr. Lansing had not seen
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liiih and that whatever business lie
had' hud with the president had been
carried on by daily correspondence.
Before the president left on his
western trip, however, Mr. Lansinfr,
after his return from l'aris, hail a
standing engagement to see h'n
daily and he visited the White House
each noon to discuss forcigu and
other affairs.
Exchange of Notes
Ends in Resignation
( imtliiupcl From J'lri.t I'age.)
Histruct you only. with increasing
reluctance, and since my return to
Washington I have, been struck by
the number of matters in which you
have apparently tried to forestall my
judgment by formulating action an'il
merely asking my approval when it
was impossible fon me to form an
independent judgment, because I
had not an opportunity to cximine
the circumstances with any degree
of independence.
I therefore feel that I must
frankly take advantage of your kind
suggestion that if I should prefer
to have another to conduct our foi
eigns affairs, you are ready to re
lieve me of any embarrassment bv
placing your resignation in my
hands, for I must say that it would
relieve me of embarrassment, Mr.
Secretary, the embarrassment of
nesses in the past I have the honor
to be, Mr, President, sincerely yours,
ROBERT LANSING.
Resignation Is Accepted.
' Washington, Feb. 1J, 1920.
My Dear Secretary: Allow me to
acknowledge with appreciation youi
letter of February 12. It now being
evident, Mr. Secretary, that we have
both of us felt the embarrassment of
our recent relations with each other,
1 feel it my duty to accept your res
ignation, to take effect at owe, at
the same time adding thai I hope
that the future holds for you many
successes of the most gratifying s-irt.,
My best wishes will always follow
you. and it will he a matter of grati
fication tJ me always-to remember
our delightful personal i Hntions.
Sincerely yours,
WOODROW WILSON.
Compromise Offered
By Senator Hitchcock
( (inllnncil From t'irat I'ngr.)
Nugent, Idaho; Kendrick. Wyom
ing; Kirby, Arkansas; Sheppard,
Texas; Culberson, Texas; Gerry,
Rhode Island; Myers, Montana;
Owen, Oklahoma; Hitchcock, Ne
braska; Overman, North Carolina;
McKellar, Tennessee; Jones, New
Mexico; Beckham, Kentucky: Tram
mel!, Florida; Walsh, Montana,
Henderson, Nevada: Ransdell,
Louisiana; Harrison, Mississippi;
Chamberlain, Oregon; King, Utah;
Pittman, Nevada; Simmons, North
Carolina; Fletcher. Florida; Under
wood, Alabama;' Robinson, Arkan
sas, and Harris, Georgia.
f Senator Hitchcock's move was the
only surface development in the ,
treaty fight during the day the sub
ject being kept out of debate on the
floor ami the compromise negotia
tions in progress on the republican
side failing to produce any definite
conclusion,
Tress dispatches spying that Can
ada had asked Great Britain not to
accept the republican reservation on
voting power caused some comment,
but there was no evidence that the
development would stir senators on
the majority side to modify the res
ervations. The democrats declared
it wouuld help their fight for a modi-
hcation, however, while the irrecon
cilable opponents of ratification a
sertcd that it would operate in the
end to make the treaty's appliance
more doubtful.
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iuiiiiiiiiiii.i:iiiiiii!iili.ii''i -1 'j n i l 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 iQRCHARD & WILHELM'COt,',"l ' "" -'""'""'""'""v"
feeling your reluctance and diverg
ence of judgment, if you would give
up your present office and afford mc
an opportunity to select someone
else whose mind would more will
ingly go along with mine. i
1 need not tell voti with what
reluctance I take advantage of your
suggestion, or that I do so with th.-;
kindliest feeling. In matters of
transcendent importance like this.
the only wise course is a course of
perfect candor, where personal feel
ing is as much as possible left out
of the reckoning.
very sincerely yours,
WOODROW WILSON.
Action Was Contemplated.
Washington, Feb. 12. 1920.
My Dear Mr. President: I wish to
thank you sincerely for vour candid
letter of the 11th in which you state
that my resignation would be accept
able to you since it relieves me of
the responsibility for action which
I have been contemplating and
which I can now take w-ithout hesi
tation as it meets your wishes.
I have the honor, therefore to
tender you my resignation as sec
retary of state, the same to take ef
fect at your convenience.
In thus severing our official asso
ciation, I feel, Mr. President, that I
should make the following statement
which I had prepared recently and
which will show you that I have not
been unmindful that the continuance
of our present relations was impos
sible and that I realized that it was
clearly my duty to bring them to an
end at the earliest moment compat
ible with the public interest.
Ever since January, 1919, I have
been conscious of the fact that you
no longer were disposed to welcome
my advice in matters pertaining to
the negotiations in Paris, to our for
eign service or to international af
fairs in general. Holding these
views, I would, if I had consulted
my personal inclination alone, have
resigned as secretary of state and
as commissioner to negotiate peace.
I felt, however, that such a step
might have been misinterpreted
both at home and abroad, and that
it was my duty to cause you no em
barrassment ifl" carrying forward the
great task in which you were then
engaged. Possibly I erred in this,
but if I did it was with the best of
motives.
Loyalty Stopped Action,
When I returned to Washington
in the latter part of July, 1919, my
personal wish to resign had not
changed, hut again I felt that loyalty
to you and my duty to the adminis
tration compelled me to defcr-c-tion
as lrfy resignation might hav5
been misconstrued into hostility tr,
the ratification of the tre;.ty of
peace or at least into disapproval of
your views as to the form of ratifi
cation. I therefore remained silent,
avoiding any1 comment on the fre
quent reports that we were not in
full agreement. ' Subsequently your
serious illness, during which I have
never seen you, imposed upon me
the duty, at least I construed it to be
my duty, to remain in charge of the
Department of State until your
health permitted you to assume
again full direction of foreign af
fairs. Believing that that time had ar
rived, I had prepared my resigna
tion when my only doubt as to the
propriety of placing it in your hands
was removed by your letter ihdicat-
kg that jt would be entirely accept
able to you.
I think, Mr. President, m accord.
ance with the frankness which ha-s
marked this correspondence, and for
which I am grateful to you, that I
cannot permit to pass unchallenged
the imputation that in calling
into formal conference the heads of
the executive departments, I sought
to usurp your presidential authority.
I had no such intention, no such
thought. I believed then, and I be
lieve now, that the conferences,
which were held, were for the best
interests of your administration and
of the republic and that belief was
shared by others whom I consulted.
I further believe that the conferences
were proper and necessary in the
circumstances and that I would have
been dereliet in my duty if I had
failed to act as I did. .
Says Action Necessary.
I also feel Mr. President, that
candor compels me -to say that I
cannot agree with your statement,
that I have tried.to forestall ypur
judgment in certain cases by formu
lating action and merely" asking your
approval when it was impossible
for vou to lorm an independent
judgment because you had not had,
an opportunity to examine the cir
cumstances with any degree of lnde
nendencer I have it is true, when 1
thought a case demanded immediate
action advised you what, in my
opinion, that -action should be, stat
ing at the time the reasons on which
my opinion was based. This I con
cieved to be a function of the secre
tary of state and I have followed
the practice for the past four years
and a halt. 1 contess that 1 have
been surprised and disappointed at
the frequent disapproval of my sug
gestions, but I have never failed to
follow your decisions, however dif
ficult it made the conduct of our
foreign affairs.
I need hardly add that I leave the
office of secretary of state with 'only
good will toward you, Mr. Presi
dent, and with a sense of profound
relief.
Forgetting our differences .and re
memberina only . your many kind-
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