2
THE EES: OMAHA, TUESDAY, AUGUST 12, 1919.
CARNEGIE DIES
AFTER ILLNESS
OF FEW DAYS
Great Ironmaster and Philan
thropist Succumbs to Bron
chial Pneumonia at Sum
mer Home.
Contlnn4 from One.)
hi life, but he did not revive suf
ficiently to permit of any sign of
recognition.
Daughter Too Late.
Their daughter. Margaret, who
last April married Ensign Roswell
Miller of New York, was notified
that it was apparent that the illness
would be fatal and she hurried from
her home at Millbrook, N. Y., arriv
ing a few minutes after her father
had died.
The widow of the Laird of Skibo,
although overcome with grief at the
comparatively sudden death of her
husband, bore the shock bravely.
Her physician said tonight that she
had recovered sufficiently to make it
possible for her to go through the
ordeal of the private funeral ser
vices. Born in 1837.
Andrew Carnegie, business man,
inventor, author, capitalist and phi
lanthrophist, was born in the his
toric old town of Dunfermline, Fife
shire, Scotland, November 25, 1837,
the elder son of William and Mar
garet Carnegie. His father was an
intelligent man of strong character
and had considerable reputation in
his native town as a writer and
speaker on political and economic
questions. He was a master weaver
by trade and, before the day of
steam factories, was in comfortable
circumstanes.
. In 1848, finding his occupation
gone, he decided to sell his looms
and emigrate to the United States.
He settled with his family in Alle
gheny City, opposite Pittsburgh,
where they had relatives. William
Carnegie found employment in a
cotton factory and in the following
year his son, Andrew, followed him.
"Andy." as the boy was called, be
came bobbin-boy and had to work
from daylight to dark to earn a
weekly wage of a little more than $1.
Andrew was ambitious and supple
mented the meager education he had
received at the Dunfermline school
by reading the books which, through
the kindness of Colonel Anderson of
Alleghany, were at his disposal. Col
onel Anderson made it a practice to
lend books from his library to work
ing men and boys eager to improve
their minds.
The seed unconsciously sown by
Colonel Anderson was to result in
an abundant harvest, for among the
dreams of Andrew Carnegie in his
boyhood was one of wealth suffi
cient to imitate his benefactor on a
larger scale. Before Andrew was
13 years old he found employment
in a factory for making bobbins. He
was placed in charge of the steam
engine that drove the machinery, a
great responsibility for a boy, and
a great strain. His employer, find
ing that Andrew could write a fair
hand and could cipher, took him into
his offire. But his duties there were
not less arduous and Andrew de
termined to take a step higher.
Learned Telegraphy When 14.
At the age of 14 he applied for a
position in the office of the Ohio
Telegraph company at Pittsburgh,
and obtained it, becoming a mes
senger boy, at $2.50 a week. The
superintendent of the office, who
took a great interest in the bright
and faithful boy, encouraged him
to learn telegraphy. Young Carnegie
followed his advice and, in a short
time, was able to send and receive
messages by sound, a rather rare
feat in those days. As a result he
was advanced to the position of op
erator with a salary of $300 a year.
This was the modest sum Andrew
Carnegie had fixed, when a factory
hand, as the fortune he wished to
possess, because the family could be
almost independent upon . it. His
father had died in the meantime
and Andrew was the main support
of the family. Not long after this
the Pennsylvania railroad was com
pleted to Pittsburgh, and its super
intendent, Thomas A. Scott, fre
quently visited the telegraph office,
where he became acquainted with
young- Carnegie. When the great
railroad system under him put up
its own line, he invited young Car
negie to become his clerk and op
erator, offering him a salary of $35
a month, which was gladly accepted.
Carnegie remained with the Penn
sylvania company for 13 years and
during that time originated the sys
tem of running trains by telegraphic
signals between the "blocks"or sta
tions, so as to insure the greatest
dgree of safety with the maximum
speed. When Mr. Scott was elected
vice president of the road. Mr. Car
negie succeeded him as superintend
ent of the Western or Pittsburgh
division.
While still a boy, Mr. Carnegie
made his first business venture, buy
ing, at Mr. Scott's suggestion, 10
shares of Adams Express company
stock. The money was raised by
mortgaging the family home to
nearly its full value, the bold step
being taken by the advice of Mr.
Carnegie's mother, who succeeded in
obtaining the loan by her personal
solicitation.
Started Sleeping Car Company.
During a railway journey Mr.
Carnegie accidentaly met Thomas
T. Woodruff, an inventor,- who
showed him a model of a sleeping
car, which greatly interested young
Carnegie. He at once perceived the
value of the invention and introduced
Woodruff to Mr. Scott. He was in
strumental in organizing the Wood
ruff Sleeping Car company, and, to
secure an interest in it, Carnegie
borrowed money from a local bank
and signed his first note. His good
fortune in this enterprise was the
real foundation of his success in sev
eral directions.
In 1860 Mr. Carnegie induced
President Scott and Superintendent
Thomson to join him in buying the
Storey farm on Oil Creek,' Pa.,
where petroleum had been found the
year before. They paid $40,000 for
the property. Eventually the shares
of the company had an aggregate
market value of $5,000,000 and in one
year the cash dividends amounted to
more than $1,000,000. The profits
from these investments placed Mr.
Carnegie upon a solid financial basis
and enabled him later on, to under
take enterprises of a larger scale.
On the outbreak of the civil war,
Colonel Scott, who had been ap
pointed assistant secretary of war,
summoned Mr. Carnegie to Wash
ington, and put him in charge of the
military railroads and government
telegraphs, one of his first duties be
ing to reopen communication be
tween Annapolis and the capital. At
the battle of Bull Run Carnegie had
charge of the railway communica
tion, and he was the last official to
leave for Alexandria.
Introduced Bessemer Steel Process.
Soon after this the Pennsylvania
Railroad company made experiments
with a bridge of cast Iron, and Mr.
Carnegie was convinced that the use
of that material would become gen
eral. He organized the Keystone
Bridge company, borrowing money
to raise his share of the capital, and
began the Keystone Bridge works.
The first great bridge over the Ohio,
at Steubenville, was built by this
company. A few years later the
Union iron mills were erected. In
1868 Mr. Carnegie visited England,
and finding that in that country steel
was supplanting iron for rails, he re
turned to introduce the Bessemer
process in his mills. Later he be
came the owner of the Homestead
Steel works at Pittsburgh, and by
1888 he had control of seven great
plants, all within a radius of five
miles of Pittsburgh. The various
enterprises were combined into one
corporation, the Carnegie Steel
company, with an aggregate capital
of $90,000,000. The company also
owned more than two-thirds of the
Corinellsville coal field and several
of the greatest ore mines of Lake
Superior.
About 1890 Mr. Carnegie intro
duced the system of paying for la
bor on a sliding scale, based upon
the prices obtained for the product
manufactured, thus making the
workmen partners in the business
of the company to a limited extent.
Men who rendered exceptional
services were promoted and given
personal interest in the businss
Only one serious strike, that at the
Homestead works, occurred in the
years
of the
firm's exis-
If Sousa's Band.
went marc
hiisg.
by!
Wouldn't the thrill of it get you? Wouldn't you drop
whatever you were doing to listen to the greatest band in
all the world ? The chances are you will seldom see Sousa's
Band, but you can hear it every day, if you wish to! Sousa
on the Victrola is the same as Sousa marching by all the
fire and dash and peculiar rhythm which have crowned
him the world's March King. The Victrola brings you
Sousa and the leaders in every branch of music and enter
tainment. They make Victor Records exclusively!
Victors and Victrolas 12 to $950. Victor dealers everywhere.
Victor Talking Machine Co., Camden, N. J.
Important Node. Victor lUeerda tad
Victor Maehitxa are citati6emlly coordinated
and MfBchranind to the ptbcw of manu
fccture, and thoull b used tocathar to Metre
a parfict raproductiao.
ii 1 Ntw Victor Recerf dVntonitwtodl at v TfTWtfk
1C 7L all dealer on the lat of each month J. A 'nntJteylJSptJ,
JT VVl I "Victrola" la the Registered Trademark of ' WM4 jip'
id f aig I the Victor Talking Machine Company deeie- leSt?"
first 30
tence.
Mr. Carnegie became a citizen of
the United States in 1853, while he
was a minor, through the natural
ization of his father. He showed
great love for his adopted country
and was often honored by being
appointed to important official posi
tions. He was a delegate to the
Pan-American congress in 1889, by
appointment of President Harrison.
He was always identified with the
republican party, but strongly op
posed to the annexation policy of
1898, which he strongly condemned
in letters to the press.
Mr. Carnegie also took great in
terest in English politics. He was
a warm friend of Gladstone, and,
in connection with Samuel Storey,
M. P. for Sunderland, formed a
syndicate which, at one time, owned
and published 17 radical newspapers
in different parts of Great Britain.
The undertaking was not profitable,
however, and Mr. Carnegie soon
disposed of his interest in it.
Was Well Known Writer,
His first books, "Round the
World" (1879). and "Our Coaching
Irip (1880), were at first printei
for private circulation only, but ex
cited so much interest that they
were republished and placed upon
the market. His most important
work was "Triumphant Democracy,"
published in 1886, which achieved
several editions in this country and
in England and was translated into
French, Italian, Spanish, Dutch and
Japanese. In 1891 Mr. Carnegie
contributed an article to the New
York Tribune, entitled, "How to
Get Rich," contending that native
ability and industry were sufficient
to secure prosperity without the aid
ot a college education.
In 1886 he published his "Wealth,"
reprinted in England under the title
of "The Gospel of Wealth." The
book contended that surplus wealth
was a sacred trust to be administer
ed by its owner in hisl ife time for
the good of the community from
which it was derived. Mr. Carnegie,
acting in harmony with his convic
tion has distributed his surplus
wealth liberally. Up to July 1, 1909,
the total amount of his donations
was estimated at $157,700,000, dis
tributed as follows: Libraries in the
United States and Canada $30,000,
000; Carnegie Institute, Pittsburgh,
$16,000,000; college professors' pen
sions, $15,000,000; Carnegie institute,
Washington, $10,000,000; hero fund
$10,000,000; Carnegie steel employes,
$5,000,000; Polytechnic school, Pitts
burgh, $2,000,000; allied engineers,
$1,500,000; Bureau of American re
publics, $750,000; miscellaneous gifts
in the United States, $20,000,000;
small colleges, $18,000,000.; Indus
trial school, New York, $200,000:
foreign libraries, $10,000,000; Scotch
universities, $10,000,000; Dunferm
line endowment, $5,000,000; Peace
Palace at The Hague, $1,750,000:
other gifts in Eurooe, $2,500,000.
Immense Sums Given Away.
Washington, Aug. 11. Andrew
Carnegie had given away $350,695,653
up to June 1, 1918, a compilation of
his benefactions prepared by the
Carnegie Endowment for Interna
tional Peace shows.
Mr. Carnegie was the holder of
numerous honors and decorations
bestowed upon him by rulers and
peoples over all the world. He re
ceived, as a result of his benefac
tion abroad, the freedom of 54
cities in Great Britain and Ireland.
Altogether he endowed 3,000 munici
pal libraries in the United States
in addition to his other numerous
philanthropic enterprises.
He was lord rector of St. Andrew's
University frpm 1903 to 1907, of
Aberdeen University from 1912 to
1914 and held the honorary degree ot
doctor of laws from the Universities
of Glasgow, Edinburgh, Birming
ham, Manchester, McGill, Brown,
Pennsylvania. Cornell and other
American colleges.
Mr. Carnegie was a member of
numerous philosophical, civic and
scientific bodies, among them the
American Institute of Architects, the
American Society of Mechanical
Engineers, the American Institute
of Mining Engineers, the National
Civic Federation, the American Phil
osophic Society and the New York
Chamber of Commerce.
He was a commander of the
Legion of Honor of France and
had also received the Grand Crosses,
Order of Orange, Nassau, and the
Order of Danebrog. He was a mem
ber of the Union League. New York
Yacht, Authors. Lotus, St. Andrews
Riding and the Indian Harbor acht
clubs.
PRINCE OF WALES
FINALLY REACHES
CANADIAN SHORE
Lands at Newfoundland Fish
ing Village From Warship
That Brought Him
Across Atlantic.
1,000 Attend Concert
of 168th Infantry Band
About 1.000 oeoole attended the
concert of the 168th infantry band
of the Rainbow division at Rotirke
park last night. The band consists
of 38 Iowa boys, including the fa
mous "Blue Devil" quartet. This is
the original band which was over
seas for 18 months. L. F. Morgans
of Waterloo, la., is the leader.
From Omaha the organization
will go to Red Oak, la., following
which they will make a short tour
of northern Missouri.
Will Hold Hearing on Omaha
Grain Rates September 8
Lincoln, Aug. 11. The State Rail
way commission has received a cir
cular from the Interstate Commerce
commission stating that on Septem
ber 8 at the office of the commission
in Washington there will be a con
ference covering the recommenda
tion of the director general of rail
roads as to revision of grain rates in
different sections of the country in
which the rates existing in Omaha
and South Omaha wil be taken up.
Ford Libel Suit Nears End
As Fourteenth Week Begins
Mount Clemens, Mich., Aug. 11.
The fourteenth and last week of the
hearing of Henry Ford's $1,000,000
libel suft against the Chicago Daily
Tribune, began today with Oscar C.
Lungerhausen, one of the battery of
Ford lawyers, addressing" the jury.
Wednesday morning Judge Tuck
er will instruct the jury and send
it to its deliberations.
London Police Seize
Seditious Documents
London, Aug. 11 (By The Asso
ciated Press.) Seditious documents
were seized by the police Monday
in a raid on London's western sub
urb of Acton. The papers captured
dealt with a suggested seizure of
arms and ammunition from the
military stores by revolutionaries
and the establishment of a soviet
government in London. i
(Continued from Page One.)
made to feel at home last December
in Buckingham Palace."
Long String of Titles.
The Prince's royal title, briefly,
is His Royal Highness etc., K. G.,
G. M. M. G., G. M. B. E., M. C,
Prince of Wales and Earl of Chester,
Prince of Great Britain and Ireland,
Duke of Cornwall, Duke of Rothesay
Earl of Carrick, Baron of Renfrew,
Lord of Isles and Great Sttward of
Scotland. Upon the death of his
grandfather, King Edward VII and
the ascension of his father to the
throne, "David" became Prince of
Wales, which by the way, carries
no big revenues or prerogatives for
the holder, who sits in the House
of Lords. '
As Duke of Cornwall, the
prince's income is said to approxi
mate $500,000 a year, derived from
rent and royalties in Cornwall coal
mines. He owns 12,00 acres of land
in the county of Cornwall, 50,000
in Devonshire and large areas in
Somerset and London. He was
proclaimed Prince of Wales on June
23, 1910, and invested at Carnarvon
Castle, Wales, on July 13, 1911. He
maintains three residences, York
cottage Sandringham, Windsor
castle, Berkshire, and Buckingham
palace, London. Importuned to join
many wealthy clubs, the prince so
far has contented himself with
membership in the Bachelor's and
the Royal Automobile.
Fought in Great War.
The prince was a little more than
20 years old when the war broke
out and with his younger brother,
Prince Albert, entered the military
service. He joined the Grenadier
guards at the beginning of hostili
ties and on November 16, 1914, was
appointed an aide-de-camp on the
statt of rield Marshal Sir lohn
French. On several occasions he
showed courage by going into the
trenches in Upper Alsace and on
his 21st birthday, which he cele
brated at the front, narrowly es
caped death by shell fire at Loos.
Un Uctober 12, 1915. a she 1
wrecked the motor car in which he
was riding and killed his chauffeur.
He escaped injury. Shortly after
President Poincare bestowed upon
him the Croix de Guerre.
In March 1916 the Prince went to
Egypt as a staff captain to the commander-in-chief
of the Mediterra
nean forces. Meanwhile the prince
had helped to raise $20,000,000 in
London for the relief of wounded
soldiers and sailors, had visited King
vicior tmmanuei or Italy and the
Italian front and flown over the
Austrian lines with a British oilot.
After the armistice was signed the
prince went to Coblenz where he
was the guest of the American commander-in-chief
and made a "hit"
with the Yankee doughboys. During
the war the prince gained the reputa
tion for being cool under fire and
this renown was emphasized last
April 7 when he "looped the loop"
seven times over London with an
army aviator.
Much Engaged Man.
The possibility of the prince of
Wales being a "catch" for some
clever, beautiful or wealthy Amer
ican girl has been discussed in social
circles on this side of the water ever
since it was announced the prince
was coming here. In this connec
tion it is recalled that his royal high
ness at different periods in his ca
reer, has been variously reported as
engaged to the Grand Duchess Olga
of Russia, Grand Duchess Tatiana,
Princess Elizabeth of Rumania,
Princess Yolanda of Italy, Princess
Helena of Greece and, before the
war, to Victoria Luise, daughter of
the former emperor of Germany.
Denials of all these engagements
were quickly forthcoming. In fact,
it is said, until he reached his ma
jority the prince cared little for girls
and his tutors encouraged him to
forget them in application to his
books. The prince, it has been said,
although never a "brilliant" student
has always been a hard worker.
When 14 years old he served
aboard the battleship Hindustan as
a midshipman, having entered the
Royal Naval college at Osborne, Isle
of Wight, in 1907. Three years later
he made a cruise around the world.
Subsequently he entered Dartmouth
and Magdalen college, Oxford. For
his services in the war and other
achievements the prince was dec
orated with the Grand Cordon of
the Legion of Honor and the orders
of the Golden Fleece of Spain, Ele
phant of Denmark, St. Olav of Nor
way (with chain), Italian Order of
the Anunziata. the Russian Order of
St. George, Military Order of Savoy,
Siamese Order of the House of
Chakkri and Roumanian Order of
Michael the Brave.
The Prince came out of the war
with the army rank of major and
navy rank of lieutenant. He is now
Colonel-in-chief of the Cadet Corps
of Great Britan and Ireland, Chief
of the Boy Scouts of Wales, High
Steward of Windsor, a governor of
Wellington College, president of
King Edward VII Hospital for Offi
cers, Grand Master of the Orders of
st. Michel and St. George and the
British Empire, a Knight of Grace
of the Order of St. John of Jerusa
lem in England and Prior of Wales,
and chairman of the British Pensions
Committee. He was made a Free
Mason a few months ago.
The Prince's only sister and three
brothers are respectively. Princess
Mary, 21; Prince Albert, 23 who has
been previously reffered to: Prince
Henry, 19, and Prince George, 17.
The youngest brother. Prince
Jnn. died January 18, 1919.
Cudahy Estate, $1,900,000.
Milwaukee, Wis., Aug. 11 The
estate of the late Patrick Cudahy is
appraised at $1,900,000, according t-
a pennon tiled in county court to
day for proof of will.
AN EXCELLENT APPETIZER
Horftfnr.1'. A 1 J Dl
'"if 1',i,r,'n',,"l vitality or Herrion.
wholesome tonic and very refreshing.
Lansing in Dark
as to Shantung
(Continued from Fate One.)
count Ishii replied that he agreed,
but thought the agreement should
recognize the special interest of
Japan in China.
"I replied that I was willing to
state that Japan had a 'special' in
terest in China, but not a 'political'
interest, and I objected to making
an agreement without defining and
limiting the term 'special interest' I
said that if it meant 'paramount' in
terest I could not discuss it further,
but if it meant merely 'special in
terest I would consider it.
Monroe Doctrine.
"Viscount Ishii brought up the
Monroe doctrine and suggested
there should be a Monroe doctrine
in the far east. I told him there
was much misconception about the
Monroe doctrine; that it was not an
assertion by the United States of a
primary or a paramount interest in
the country of the western hemi
sphere, but a declaration to prevent
interference of foreign nations with
their affairs or territory, and that
the United States claimed no special
privileges over other nations.
"I told Viscount Ishii that I felt
that the same principle (of the
Monroe doctrine) which applied to
American countries should be ap
plied to China that no special priv
ilege, and certainly no paramount
interest, should be claimed by any
foreign power in China."
"Did he (Ishii) apparently con
sider your view or simply maintain
silence?" asked Senator Brandegee,
republican, Connecticut.
"Simply maintained silence," said
Mr. Lansing.
China Ends State of War
Against German Nation
Peking, Aug. 11. Parliament Fri
day passed a resolution authorizing
the president to issue a mandate
declaring that a state of war does
not exist between China and Ger
many. It is considered doubtful whether
the mandate will be published until
delegates have discussed terms
with German representatives.
LABOR LEADERS
SITTING ON LID,
GARRETSON SAYS
Former Head of Order of Rail?
way Conductors Urges
Congress to Speed Up
in Railroad Problem.
Washington, Aug. 11. (By The
Associated Press.) Nine-tenths of
'the energies of labor leaders are
given to the job of "sitting on the
lid," Austin B. Garretson, former
head of the Order of Railway Con
ductors, testified before the house
Interstate Commerce committee,
which is seeking to solve the prob
lem of how best to handle the rail
roads after the wartime period of
federal control.
Sporadic strikes throughout the
country, Garretson said with great
earnestness, merely are straws
which show how the wind is blow
ing over a sea of industrial unrest.
Rumblings heard in many quarters
do not mean, ho said, that laboring
people want to overthrow the gov
ernment, but indicate a demand that
the government function.
"But it cannot be done by inac
tion," he shouted. "Somehow the
American people are not prone al
ways to do today what may be done
tomorrow unless an emergency
forces us to act, and then we break
all records."
Mr. Garretson said he did not re
gard the Plumb plan as more than
one factor in stilling the spirit of
present-day unrest, nor did he think
it would "change human nature or
other things that can he eliminated."
Mr. Garretson said this might be
his final appearance before congress
and for that reason he wanted the
record to carry a denial from him
of reports, long .current, "that the
brotherhoods with a gun in one
hand and a stop-watch in the other,"
had held up congress and forced
through the enactment of the Adam
son eight-hour law.
Thompson-Belden cXh
TAe ThsJu'on Genfer or TVomeii
THE Millinery Department has moved to
the fourth floor today, where much more
space and light are to be had. The fixtures
now in use, however, are only temporary.
Shortly the. Thompson-Belden Millinery Sec
tion will be one of the most completely
equipped Hat Shops in the West, offering
only very fine millinery.
' oxx
with eNk
sintfh purpose!
to lit ve up w
Tt 11 v w
MP.
A very pretty navy blue satin
bag with a gay red flower as
trimming.
A black moire bag with a
handsome silver mounting.
A number of taupe, blue and
black moire bags with tops
beaded in bright colors.
AND WEm
Miser's bags in silver and gold
(plated), those clever pouch af
fairs, two bags in one.
Tiny gold mesh bags for little
girls.
And a good looking gun metal
mesh, long and slender
Crochet
Cottons
Both foreign and do
mestic makes may be
had here in nearly all
sizes; specially priced
at 10c.
Odd skeins of embroid
ery flosses, Tuesday
2 for 5c
Art Dept. Third Floor.
Silk Hosiery
Out Sizes
Boot hose in white,
black, African brown
and navy, with lisle
garter tops and soles.
Special, $1.75 a pair.
Pure thread silk hose in
black or white, with
lisle tops and soles,
$2.25 a pair.