THE BEE: UHAtiA, THURSDAY, MARCH 13, 1919.
To
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DEBS DEFIANT
AFTER ACTION
OF IU COURT
Socialist Leader Bitterly As
sails Judges of Supreme
Court for Interpretation
' of Espionage Law.
Terre Haute, Ind., March 12. In
a statement last night Eugene V.
Debs, socialist leader, hurled de
fiance at the United States supreme
court, which sustained the decision
of the trial court that found him
guilty of violating the espionage act
and imposed a sentence of 10 years'
imprisonment.
"I am not in the least concerned
about what those bewigged, be
gowned and be-powdered corpora
tion attorneys at Washington say,"
said Mr. Debs. "I have not changed
my mind in the slightest. I stated
to the court at the time of my con
viction that the law was utterly
despot and vicious. I despise it and
defy the supreme court to do its
worst.
"If, according to the supreme
court, the espionage law is valid,
then the constitution of the United
States is another scrap of paper.
The predecessors of the same court
affirmed the validity of the fugitive
slave law 60 years ago with the be
lief their decision was final and that
chattel slavery as a result would be
perpetual. Within five years from
that date chattel slavery was dead
on American soil.
No Spies Caught.
"Far more flagrant violations of
the provisions of the espionage law
in respect to free speech were com
mitted by the late Theodore Roose
velt, but he was not indicted.
"Under the law I was convicted
for a speech I could have made " he
hesitated.
"In Germany," supplemented his
wife, who had her arms about him.
"Yes," said Debs, "and in Great
Britain, France and Italy, too."
"It is worthy of note," he contin
ued, "that though the espionage law
was allegedly designed to catch
spies, not one spy was convicted
under it. That reveals the animus
of the law, under which the United
States is made to begin where old
Russia left off under the czar."
New Jersey Cars in 141
Towns Stopped by Strike
New York, Mach 12. Virtually all
the surface car lines of the Public
Service Railway company ' which
operates through 141 cities and
towns" in northern New Jersey, were
tied up today by the strike of 4,500
employes.
Imperialistic Colonization,
Nov but Dissipated Dream,
Never a German Success
Former German Empire Called 11 Colonies in Africa
and the Pacific Its Own The African Possessions
Alone Were Five Times as Large as European Ger
manyPacific Occupations Mostly of Strategical
Importance.
' By JAY JEROME WILLIAMS.
Universal Service Staff Correspondent.
rans, March U. With the time
near for the league of nations to
appoint mandatories for the vast
African possessions and other col
onies of the former German empire
comes the bitter realization on the
part of Germany s imperialists that
their dream of a great empire ri
valine the dominions of Great Brit
ain has crumbled to dust as quick
ly as did their once formidable mil
itary machine.
In Africa alone and along the
equator Germany has lost territories
which in the aggregate are a third
as large as the area of the United
States and five times the size of
Germany itself as it existed in the
heyday of William II. These
wealthy lands, the scil of which is
capable of telling many a bloody
tale ot I russian colonization, con
sisted of more than 1,000,000 Square
miles at the outbreak of the war,
divided as follows:
So. Miles.
Osni.n East Africa 84.000
Th Cameront 290,000
Togoland 83,700
Southwest Africa 822.450
Total 1,030,150
In addition are the Pacific pos
sessions: Bq. Miles.
Kaiser Wllhelmsland (German
New Guinea) 70,000
The Bismarck archipelago 20,000
Th German Solomon Islands. ... Ill 7?
German Bamoa 1,000
The Caroline Islands 660
The Marianne or Ladrone Islands.. 250
The Marshall Islands 150
Of all these possessions, however.
German i-ast Africa ranks first. It
was the diadem in the crown of the
new empire. It was to have been
the keystone of a "New Germany,'
modeled on the lines of Britain's
colonial possessions in America,
South Africa and Australasia. Ger
man East Africa has a native popu
lation of from 7,000,000 to 10,000,000
mostly natives and in 1913 it
could boast of a total trade of $22,
000,000 a year, more than half of
which incidentally tinkled its metal
lurgical way into the coffers of the
fatherland.
Big Initial Immigration.
The aftermath of the congress of
Vienna saw the infant German em
pire, molded by the able hands of
eat: Russia and the Allies
Russia crumbled away and failed the
Allies largely through lack of food, accord
ing to an American eyewitness.
With plentiful reserves and resources
virtually untouched, her people starved at
home and at the front because there
was no adequate organization to place
food where it was needed 1
Animals on the hoof were shipped thou
sands of miles to the various fronts, wasting
transportation facilities required for other
purposes. They arrived shrunken and ema
ciated, to be killed and dressed amidst filth
and confusion behind the lines. Half of those
brought from Siberia, it is said, perished on
the way; many more were unfit for food.
On the other hand, the American packers turned
live stock into meat in large sanitary plants located in
the producing sections, and shipped the product under
refrigeration so that it reached the trenches in France
in perfect condition, without waste.
Says Oar Authority :
"Had such facilities for cold storage transportation
been available to the Russian supply committee as
were placed at the disposal of the quartermaster of
the United States by Swift & Company, there might
have been a different story concerning Russia's part
in the final drama of the war."
A large-scale packing industry would be an asset
to Russia, in war or in peace, as it has proved to be to
the United States.
The cost of this large scale industry in the form of
profits is only a fraction of a cent per pound of meat
Swift & Company, U. S. A.
Omaha Local Branch, 13th & Leavenworth Streets
F. J. Souders, Manager
;,'!
9
lj!
m
Bismarck, in its initial attempts at
expansion. From 1878 to 1881 there
was a tremendous stream of immi
gration out of the empire. In the
first mentioned vear 46,371 persons
departed: in ISM the number had
soared enormously and the surging
outward tide was deemed calamitous
by those who foresaw the dawn of
the day of kultur and militarism.
A Hard Taskmaster.
uermany, it is admitted, was a
hard taskmaster and a poor one.
She attempted to copy the English
method of conciliation and assist
ance, but she failed miserably, and
Upon failure she resorted to the lash
and other forms of cruelty. Through
all the years of her long leases on
alien soil she has never experienced
success, but she has bred hatred
and anger in the hearts of those she
ruled.
Southtvest Africa, on which India
has longing eyes, was the "white
man's" country of the intended em
pire. Its natite population is small,
its possibilities are large.
Although it suffers from a lack of
rainfall, its hills and broad valleys
are well fitted for grazing and the
consequent business of meat pack
ing. In addition, there are valuable
copper mines in the northern sec
tion, rich diamond mines along the
south coast and other advantages
which under careful exploitation
will yield large returns.
Togoland in the heart ' of the
tropics Was one of the most suc
cessful colonies. In 1913 it did a
business of $5,000,000 in trade, in
spite of its comparatively small area
and small number of inhabitants.
For some reason or other Germany
found less difficulty with the natives
of Togoland than in -any other of
her African possessions.
Natives Rebelled.
Then comes the Cameroons or
Kamerun, where trouble was the or
der of the dav. The exports in 1913,
though, totalled about $7,250,000,
mostly rubber, palm oil, palm ker
nels and cocoa.
German New Guinea leads in the
Pacific colonies for it is rich in cop
ra producing cocoanuts, rubber, fine
woods, tropical fruits, coffee and cot
ton. In 1914 an Australian expedi
tionary force took the island over.
Next is the Bismarck archipelago,
with the chief two islands of New
Britain and New Ireland, and many
smaller ones which also succumbed
in 1914 to an Australian' expedition.
There are the German Solomon Is
lands, whose dense tropical forests
possess considerable wealth; Ger
man Samoa, whose next door neigh
bors are islands owned by the United
States and Great Britain; the Caro
line Islands, whose only value per
haps is .their strategic importance
and over which Japan has exercised
protectorate for four vears: the
Marianne or Ladrone Islands, of
which Guam, owned by the United
States, is one of the group the oth
ers of which are in the temporary
possession of Japan and lastly the
Marshall Islands, also in the hands
of Japan..Their chief value is strate
gic. It might be borne in mind that
all of the islands north of the equa
tor and held by Japan are strate
gic in importance, and of little actual
value.
Boche Wrecked Empire.
For the destruction of the empire
two typically Teutonic concepts are
responsible, both of which are mis
taken and injurious to development.
ment. ,
One of the German concepts, as
said before, was to create a "New
Germany" in Africa, and the other
was to free the fatherland from de
pendence on foreign nations for co
lonial wares by producing them
within her own African domain.
Failure greeted the practice of these
ideas, however," for the year 1913
saw but 18,362 Germans in the "New
Gerrriany," and of this number only
10,000 were actual settlers. The
German, the world has learned, does
not relish any assumption of the
white man's burden. Furthermore,
the attempts to Prussianize the na
tives were ignominious failures.
The chief disappointment, though,
was measured in dollars and cents.
for the vast African lands supplied
only 3 per cent of Germany's total
colonial imports. And this is one
of the reasons why the peace con
ference believes that Germany's
economic future is in no way con
tingent on the return of these colonies.
Cruel Punishments.
All in all, however, the poor na
tive was the chief sufferer, because
the German colonial governments
regarded their subjects as serfs and
treated them accordingly. Forced
labor was one ideal of the German
colonial system; scorn of the native
was another, and severe and cruel
punishment was the order of the
day whenever the authorities be
lieved the natives were not per
forming to the utmost of their phys
ical strength.
Sanitary conditions have been
termed "execrable;" disease of the
most vicious type was rampant, and
the relation of employer to employe
was that of master and slave. Flog
gings were administered on the
slightest pretext and West Africa
and part of the Cameroons bore
the gruesome nickname of The
land of the twenty-five," because of
the fact that this was the regular
number of lashes dealt by the Si
mon Legrees of New Germany.
THREE MEN SHOT
BY WIFE BEATER
WHO KILLS SELF
Crazed by Drink, Chicago Man
Barricades Self in Home
and Stands Off Police
Posse Three Hours.
Officer Reinstated When
He Proves Citizenship
Barney Cogan, South Side police
man, has qualified as a full-Hedged
citizen, aad he has been reinstated
in good standing. He has ,,shown
documentary evidence that he was
naturalized through his father. He
was reported by Chief Eberstein on
Tuesday as one of four members of
the department who were amenable
to the provisions of a legislative en
actment which prohibits employ
ment of others than fully naturalized
citizens ia public service,
Chicago, March 12. Two police
men and a civilian are in hospitals
today with bullet wounds inflicted
by a man barricaded in his own
house, while the latter lies in a
morgue with part of his head blown
off by turning his weapon against
himself.
From 10 o'clock last night until
1 o'clock this morning George
Ondeck, real estate dealer, held
more than half a hundred police
men at bay, exchanging shot for
shot and driving the besiegers to
cover of adjacent fences, sheds and
cottages. One of his bullets
plowed a furrow along a police
man's scalp, while another lodged in
a brother officers leg.
The civilian was wounded in the
head, and of the three men he is
the more seriously injured. When
Ondeck was reduced to his last
cartridge he turned his rifle against
himself, exploding it by shoving
the trigger against the back ot a
chair.
, Charged with Cruelty.
Forty-five minutes later the po
lice crept cautiously into the house.
Ondeck lay dead on the floor. The
house was filled with gas, a be
sieger's bullet having broken a gas
pipe. In a rear room, lying on the
floor and close to the walls, were
Mrs. Ondeck and her several chil
dren, where they had thrown them
selves to escape the bullets that
crashed through the frame cottage
walls.-'
Ondeck is said to have been
drinking and the police were hunt
ing him with a warrant charging
cruelty, sworn out by the wife. They
had gone to the house, when the eld
est boy had hurried to the nearest
police station to summon aid against
the father, who was threatening the
family. Three of them went and
were- fired upon. They summoned
the reserves.
Postpone Wearing of New
Officers' Naval Uniform
Wasliino-tnn. March 12 Ameri
can navl officers abroad will not
wear the new uniform, substituting
o rnll rnllar fnr till nrfcprtf ticlli
fitting neck band, until after the
peace treaty has been signed. Sec
retary Daniels said today this had
been ordered to prevent the officers
on duty in foreign countries from
appearing in two different kinds of
uniforms.
Sugar Rations Did Not ,
Reduce U. S. Consumption
Jersey City, N. J., March 12.
Putting the United States on a su
gar ration did not reduce the con
sumption in 1918, according to the
annual report of the American
Sugar Refining company, issued
here today, which stated that the
daily consumption approximated
10,000 tons, the same as for the last
10 years.
Conference Favors
Admitting Pope into
Councils of League
Berne, vMarch 12. The Interna
tional conference of league of na
tions societies' today drew up two
new resolutions to be addressedto
the peace conference in Paris. Clie
favored the participation of all self
governing nations in the league and
the other was in favor of free trade.
The duestion of participation by
the Vatican aroused much discus
son, Prof. Forel, a Swiss delegate,
opposing it on the ground that if
the holy see became a member,
Buddahism and other religious sys
tems would have tc be admitted. The
conference finally decided by a vote
of 13 to 8 to grant the holy see
some voice, at least, in the councils
of the league.
During the discussion relative to
free trade the existing blockade was
sharply criticized as an "insult to
international rights."
Protests Against Chinese
Trading Company Rejected
Peking, March 12. (By The As
sociated Press.) American and
British protests made against the
creation of the "Chinese Trading
company," which was authorized
last August for the purpose of act
ing as a special purchasing agent
for the Chinese government, have
brought replies from the govern
ment to the effect that other com
panies may apply for similar priv
ileges. The American and British le
gations objected to the proposed
monopoly on the ground that it in
fringed treaty rights.
Call Meeting to Discuss
News Print Paper Prices
Washington, March 12. Repre
sentatives of manufacturers of news
print paper and publishers of news
papers and periodicals have been
asked to appear before the federal
trade commission Friday, March 21,
to discuss the proposed reopening
of news print prices on the applica
tion of the publishers made in De
cember.
Japs in Honolulu Vote to
Send Delegation to Paris
Honolulu, March 12. A siass
meeting of 2,000 Hawaiian Japanese
held here today adopted a resolu
tion to send a Japanese delegation
to Paris to ask that an effort be
made to insert a clause :n the peace
treaty abolishing racial discrimina
tions for the sake of humanity and
justice.
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Holy See Advocates
Simpler Outline for
League of Nations
Rome, March 12. The Osser
vatore Romano, the semi-official
organ of the Vatican, prints an ar
ticle on the league of nations which
is understood to embody the view
point of the Holy See. It says the
league "might have been constituted
in a simpler manner" and outlines
the functions of the league as fol
lows: The setting of an arbitration
tribunal to solve international con
flicts. The formation of a society of all
civilized nations, including those
defeated in the war, which will
pledge themselves to submit their
differences to a tribunal and accept
its rulings.
The bringing about of an agree
ment to declare an economic boy
cott against any nation which re
fuses to submit controversies to a
tribunal or which will not accept
decisions on matters which have
been so submitted.
In conclusion the article recalls
that such a project was suggested
in the pope's appeal to belligerent
nations on August 1, 1917.
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