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PROFITEERING
OF FARM LABOR
AFFECTS CROPS
Workers Take Advantage of
War Conditions and Ask High
Wages; Farmers Must
r Change Plans.
Lincoln, Neb., April 16. (Special.)
Taking advantage of the war condi
tions, farm laborers are fast becom
ing profiteers, according to reports
reaching the agricultural extension
service of the University of Nebraska.
With thousands of farmer boys called
away to war, and the labor demand
in the industrial world large, farmers
are being asked as high as $75 per
month. Farmers indicate that labor
profiteering will affect production this
. 1.1 it.... .. . ...... -. . -1.
jcii, in nidi wicjr (.annul yijr sut.ii
wages.
"Farmershava. told me within thej
last week that they will have to
change their plans of farming be
cause they cannot get labor at a rea
sonable price," said Prof. C. W.
Pugslcy of the extension service.
They said that some labor has been
offered them, but at such a price that
invu ihhiiivj nvuiu ivk o iniiu in.
strain. Farmers are willing to pay
more than they ever have paid before
and more than other industries pay
in proportion to profits made."
Prof. Pugsley said he knew of a
few cases where farmers are paying
?75 a month, but only for men of ex
ceptional ability, men with life long
experience in farm work, and capable
or acting at tarm managers.,
Expense of Country.
"There seems to be a tendency on
the part of farm labor to take ad
vantage of the shortage of labor and
profiteer at the expense of the farmer
and of the county," Prof. Pugsley
continued. "Because food production
is greatly needed by the United States
and the world, and because there is a
shortage of labor due to the demand
of the military and industrial forces
of our country, gives no reason for
would-be laborers expecting to grow
'wealthy in a year or two.
"Few city people realize what the
Tarm laborer really gets. A single
man working on a farm always gets
his room and board, and often his
washing. Let us see what this
amounts to. If he wvere working in
town and secures as good a room he
would have to pay. from $6 to $10 a
' month. He could not obtain board
In town-for, less than $20 a month,
. md then his board would be inferior
to that of iht country. There would
net be as much meat, as much good
milk, cream an,d butter, or nearly as
bles. His washing would cost at least
$2 a month, and probably more. At
the, very least, then, he would pay out
in the city at least $30 a month for
what he .is getting in the country as
. part of his wages. This would
. IS . At I
mean mat ju a monin in me coun
try is as good as $60 a month in the
city. It would mean that $50 a month
in the country is as much as $80 a
eionth in tqwn, ; : ;
' "Even thert, wiiti the" $30 allowance
for the City man, he cannot save as
much as the country worker. There
ire moving picture shows, street car
fares, better clothing, and a thousand
md one chances to spend nickels and
dimes and dollars in the city that do
not exist in the country. The city
worker atands a much greater chance
of contracting disease, which may
mean loss in time and money.
Seek Family Men.
"There is a growing demand on
the Part of the farmers for married
men. Many farmersare now provid
ing houses so that they can hire a
man with a family by the year, and
often in addition to the man his wife
and his children for a portion of the
year. Let us figure, however, on the
basil of the man's employment alone.
"If this man is renting a house in
town, he must pay at least $15 a
month. If he has a family of four,
including himself, it is a safe guess
that his groceries, including butter,
- milk and meat, will cost at least $30
a month.! In addition, he has water,
light ana fuel, and many other in
cidental expenses wflich are practical
ly eliminated in the country. Let us
estimate these at $5 a month. This
eivea a total of $50 a month which
represents the cost of living in town,
exclusive of clothing and other in-
f. cidental expenses which would have
to be met in the country anyway. A
portion of the grocery bill exists in
the country,, such as certain kinds of
flour, sugar, coffee, tea, baking
t powder, soda, flavoring extracts, etc.,
but the greater portion of the grocery
bill will be met on the farm. These
big items are milk, butter, meat,
vegetables,-eggs, poultry, and in most
instances corn meat and whole wheat
flour. These items constitute t the
principal living of practically every
family, and as a rule are obtained
free on; tlie- farm.
) Makea Big Difference.
"In light of .experience of married
men who have gone to the farm. I
would say that there could be added
to the' salary paid $40 or $50 a month
before, its equivalent would be reached
in4he city salary. For instance,, if a
married man were receiving $50 a
month on a farm, it would be neces
sary; tor him to receive $90 to $100 a
month in town in order that his town
salary will equal his country salary.
A salary of $75 a month would be
equal to practically $125 a month in
town. 1 ' .
"I know of a Lincoln man who ac
cepted a position at $50 a month on
a farm, who was receiving $100 a
' month is Lincoln. At the end of the
first year he saved more monev from
the $50 a month on the farm than he
was able to save from his $100' a
month m Lincoln, and lived better in
the, meantime."
Paroled Prisoner Plans
J Auto Theft at Kearney
Kearney. Neb., "April 16. (Spec
sal.) Frank Wernick, sentenced to
the State Industrial school from York
county for auto theft and paroled to
a local auto dealer, has hzu arrested
by the police and has, confessed to a
bold au.to robbery which he has been
ti contemplating.
' Wernick admitted that he had plan
ned to steal the J. M. Kilgore car.
' waylaying the owner Saturday or
Sunday tiio-fir xlnpeinr kirn and mat.'
; ing .Wr getaway, v He Jook a local
boy , into his confidence -and his ar
rest and consequent confession re
sulted. '
GOVERNOR T0L00K
AFTER STATE GUARb
Visit of Chief Executive to
Camp Cody Said to Be in
Interest of Officers
Not Placed.
Camp Cody, N. M., April 16. -(Special
Telegram.) Governor Keith Ne
ville of Nebraska arrived here this
morning and left immediately for the
rifle range. He said his visit is large
ly to see the men and officers from
Nebraska.
(From a Staff Correspondent.)
Lincoln, April 16. (Special.) The
visit of Governor Neville to Camp
Cody is causing- considerable com
ment since it has become known
trouble exists over qualification i of
former national guard officers.
Attitude of regular army officers
whenever a national guard officer has
been given recognition, is pronounced
by some to be the reason. The pub
lished statement that Colonels Paul
and Mack were having trouble to
hold their commissions is cited by
some.
Ctknel Baer of Omaha had trouble
even Trom the start and is even now
unassigned and Colonel Hall has been
in several different positions.
Beaten, Then Arrested for
Alleged Pro-German Remarks
Lexington, Neb., April 16, (Special
Telegram.) As a result of alleged
pro-German remarks, Matt Loible
was severely beaten by Ray Shanks,
both of.Cozad, and then summoned
to appear before the County Council
of Defense. That body unanimously
voted to held Lvible for hearing be
fore the state council.
Shanks is subject Uo draft. It is
alleged, that Loible said he "hoped
the boats would be sunk as they
crossed the water" within Shanks'
hearing. Th fight then started.
A. E. Porter, reported to be worth
$30,000, was summoned before the
cotincil and asked why he had not
bought bonds, stamps or contributed
to any Y. M. C. A. or Red Cross
funds. When he gave no reason, he
was ordered to contribute to each
in liberal sums. He at first refused,
but when ordered to Lincoln he re-
tented and paid as he was ordered.
Government Makes Call
For Skilled Workers
(from a Staff Correspondent.)
Lincoln. April 16. (Special.) The
government is issuing a call for
skilled men for immediate service
and through the governor is asking
for considerable publicity of the
same. About 12,000 men are needed
for the work which covers various
units of the army.
The call , is for white men but
colored men are wanted for the
following , work: Blacksmith and
helpers, bricklayers, buglers, carpen
ters and helpers, joiners or pattern
makers, chauffeurs, clerks, , either
general or railroad, cooks.
Any one desiring to enter these
services may confer with their local
exemption boards and receive all the
information needed. JMen of . the
draft age are!wanted and the offer
wijl not be good after April 27.
Fourth Baby Named
After Governor Neville
(Trom a StHff Correspondent.)
Lincoln, April 16. (Special.) Al
ready three babies have, been given
the name of Keith Neville. Two pigs
have also been tagged with the magic
name.
Now comes a fourth baby and a
letter to the governor today conveys
the tidings that Keith Neville Bron
son is the name of the new infant and
that it weighs nine and three-fourths
pounds, lie is a sou of J. L. Bronson
who runs "Pat's Restaurant" t Am-hurst.
DYNAMITE FUSES
i
FOUND NEAR BIG
GRAIN JLEVATOR
High Explosives Located in
Positions to Cause Great
Destruction in Vicinijy
of Atlanta, Neb.
Lieut. Governor Howard
Issues Arbor Day Decree
(From a Staff Correspondent.)
Lincoln, April 16. (Special.)
Acting Governor Edgar Howard took
occasion on his first day in the ex
ecutive chair, to issue an Arbor Day
proclamation setting forth the de
sires of his heart in relation to a
proper observation of the day, April
22.
Thanks Expressed Donors
To Nebraska Building Fund
(From a 8Uff Correspondent.)
Lincoln, April 16. (Special.) A
letter has been received from J. D.
Tilford, Lt. Col. 314th Ammunition
Train, Camp Funston, Kan., hy the
State Cotincil of Defense offering
that'ks for the Nebraska building
fund. R cceipts were $13,610.80; ex
penditures, $12,497.62.
May Buy Tremont College.
Fremont, Neb., April 16. (Special
Telegram.) A meeting of representa
tives of a number of farmers in this
vicinity wa-i held here to consider
baying Fremont college. Another
meeting will be held next Saturday,
when the matter of forminc a rnr.
poration to take over the school wilf
be discussed.
Lincoln, Neb., April 16. The dis
covery of three dynamite fuses, lying
near an elevator containing thousands
of bushels of wheat near Atlanta,
Neb., was reported to the State Coun
.!1 for Defense today. Authorities
are working on the theory that the
fjses might have been dropped by
persons who intended to destroy the
elevator, but were frightened away
before they were able to do so.
Republican Valley Editors
To Meet In Franklin Monday
Franklin, Neb., April 16, Arrange
ments are ueing rapidly completed
for the annual meeting here Monday
of the Republican Valley Editorial
association. The program for the
meeting has not been made public
but it has been announced that one
of the features of the coming session
will be an address by Ross L. Ham
mond of the Fremont Tribune Mr.
Hammond was a member of the con
gressional party that visited the bat
tlefields of Europe last winter and it
is expected rhat he will have some in
teresting facts to tell the visiting edi
tors. Invitations to editors asking
them and their wives to attend the
meeting aranow being sent out by
Karl L. Spence, president of the as
sociation. Coal From Colorado .Mines
Direct to State Institutions
(From a Staff Correspondent.)
Lincoln, April 16. (Special.) The
state will rjceive at least a i part of
its coal for. some of its state insti
tutes direct from the mines and at
the government price. The board of
control through C. H. Burkyd, local
agent of the Victor American coal
company of Colorado, made a con
tract for 14,000 tons today for the
institutions at Grand Island, Kear
ney; Hastings and Norfolk. The
mines are located in Routt .county,
Colorado and the coal will come di
rect from the mines and will prob
ably cost around $1.70 per ton.
Local Boards May Grant
' Furloughs for Farm Work
(From a Staff Correspondent.)
Lincoln, April 16. (Special.) The
governor's office is being flooded with
applications from farm laborers in
the military service who desire fur
loughs to return and work on tlie
farm, due to the publication of arti
cles that the men could be granted
leave by application to the governor.
The gqvernor has nothing to do
with the matter, local boards having
full authority to act and any appli
cant desiring .. a furlough for farm
work mnH apply to their local
boards.
Son of Beatrice Man Killed
While Flying in California
Beatrice, Neb., April 16. (Special
Telegram.) A. C. Reel. received a
telegram Tuesday stating that his
son, Lawrence M. Reel, was killed
shortly after noon in an aeroplane
accident at Long Beach, Calif., where
he had been attending an aviation
school. Young Reel was 21 years
old and was born near Beatrice. He
left for California a year ago, and
entered the aviation school m Janu
ary. The body will be brought here
for burial.
George M. Reed, Civil War
Veteran, Dies in Fairbury
Fp.irbury, Neb., April 16. (Special
Telegram.) George Martin Reed, 71
years old, a veteran of the civil war,
died here on Tuesday morning, while
waiting for a passenger train to take
him back to the soldier's home in
Grand Island. He had been visiting
his son, S. E. Reed.
Mr. Reed had resided for many
years at Davtnport, Neb. He is sur
vived by five children. The body
will be taken to Davenport for burial.
Grand Island Gold Cure
Institute Closes Doors
Grand Island, Neb., April 16.
(Special.) The oldest and last gold
cure instituted in the state, which for
26 years has been doing a successful
business, closed its doors for the the
last time yesterday. The action of
the government in the reduction of
liquor manufacture, and the state
wide prohibition was given as the
reason for the dissolution. The build
ing is to be converted into a rooming
house.
Fremont Woman Dead.
Fremont, Neb., April 16. (Special
Telegram.) Mrs. L. E. May, wife of
a prominent Fremont merchant, died
today at Photnix, Arie. Mrs. May,
with her daughter, had been at Phoe
nix for a year.
Ducks Drown in'Qmzka?
So City Council Hears
The routine of city council meet
ing was broken when Clerk O'Con
nor read a communication from the
Polish Citizens' club, complaining
against the drowning of ducks at
Twenty-seventh and Bancroft
streets by 'waste water from a mill.
"What kind of water do you sup
pose that was? I never heard of
water drowning a duck before," re
marked Commissioner Hummel.
"Maybe the water was charged
with gas," suggested an innocent
bystander.
The public improvements depart
ment was directed to investigate
and recommend. ,
Revbke Grocers' Licenses
For Excessive Sugar Sales
Washington, April 16. Selling
large quantities of sugar Without re
striction, which is said to have en
couraged smuggling across the Rio
Grande river into Mexico, has caused
two Brownsville," Tex. merchants to
lose their licenses, the food adminis
tration announced today.
The firms are the Walker-Craig
company and George McGonigle &
Co. The administration says that the
Walker-Craig company made frequent
sales in excess of 1,000 pounds to re
tail grocers and that the McGonigle
company sold in 2,000-pound lots.
American Red Cross Given
Warm Welcome in Italy
Naples, Monday, April , IS. Offi
cials of the American Red Cross were
given an enthusiastic welcome at a
meeting today.
Prof. Pressutti, mayor of Naples,
welcomed the Red Cross officials and
spoke of the splendid work the Ameri
can society had done for Naples. H.
P. Davison, chairman of the Ameri
can Red Cross war council, in his re
ply, expressed thanks for the kind
sentiments uttered and told of th
work America was doing in assisting
Italy and the other allies.
Pershing's
Casualty List
Sisters Alleged to Have
Followed Soldier to Camp
Des Moines, April 16. (Special
Telegram.) Two girls from Beacon,
la., Mabel and Bernice Edwards, are
being sought by their parents in Des
Moines. Police officers are co
operating in the search. It is be
lieved they came here to see a sol
dier at Camp Dodge with whom they
were acquainted. They have not yet
been located.
Washington, April 16. The casualty
list today contained 65 names, divided
as follows:
Killed in action, 2; died of wounds,
4; died of accident, 1; died of disease,
12; wounded severely, 7; wounded
slightly, 37; missing in action, 2.
Officers named in the list are Lieu
tenants Benjamin P. Burpee and
Frank K. Miller, missing in action;
Lieutenant H. Bradshaw, severely
wounded, and Lieutenant Proal Jud
son, jr., slightly wounded.
The list follows:
Killed in Action Privates Charles B
ranek, Walter H. Hasa.
Died of Wounds Corporals Joseph C.
Dodd. Harry E. Nelson. Privates Frank
Mattlnrly, George H. Tully.
Died of Disease Sergeant Fred W. Fuller,
meningitis'; Sergeant Horaar Taylor, tuber
culosis; Corporal Floyd E. Parkinson, scarlet
fever; Privates August Bradford, neuritis;
Henry J. Larrencon, scarlet fever; John B.
Smith, dilation of stomach; Ralph 8. Thomp
son; meningitis: John H. Tomklns, pneu
monia; Ralph Herman Van Zanten, pneu
monia; Fred Watson, pneumonia; Louis W.
King.
Died: of Accident Prlvats Charles E.
Bromberg.
Wounded Severely Lieutenant Wllmar H.
Bradshaw, Corporal Michael E. Clark,
Privates Clarence F. Crummttt, Harold Pen
nock, James J. Rlnf, Clifford H Skinner,
Dewey D. Smith.
Wounded Slightly Lieutenant Proal Jud-
son. Sr.; Sergeants Walter H. Cohn, MarionJ
B. Castwood, Corporal Walter Rodrlquea;
Cook Raymond E. Burns, Saddler John C.
Carey, Privates Orval O. Becker. William
Dergin. August L Bernard, Oscar A.
Brandt, Vernon C. Buston Michael Carey,
Frank W. Casey, William L. Clark, Edward
J. Cullen, Joseph W. Kilks, John J. "Gil
lespie, Mitchell Q. Oorrow, Pares W.
Oreene, John R. Heck, James F. Johnson,
Francis X. Kearney, Joseph P.ltokl, Leo
Malolo, Frank Manning, John A Negro,
Jesse L. Olsten, Daniel Peters, Frank L.
Preston, William P. Rellly, John Bkrjnlk,
John J. Tierney. Henry A. Turner, William
A. Van Bueren, Samuel Wener, Harold Whit
nett, Ira Williams.
-Mlsjjor in Action Lieutenants Benjamin
P. Burpee, Frank K. Miller.
Emperor Charles Should
Lose Job, Say Italians
Rome, April 16, "Emperor Charles
should have resigned, but as it is not
necessary for sovereigns to leave their
posts even when they make blunders,
Count Czernin was obliged to (go,"
says the Giornale D'ltalia, in com
menting upon the resignation of
Count Czernin, as Austrian foreign
minister.
Grand Island Soldier Dead.
Camp Cody, N. M., April 16. (Spe
cial Telegram.) The base hospital
here reports the death of Private
Benjamin B. Deel, Battery F, 127th
heavy field artillery, Fourth Nebraska,
of septicemia. His father, W. H.
Deuel, resides at Grand Island, Neb.
GO URT-MARTIAL '
FOE ESPIONAGE
1 ACT VIOLATORS
Washington, April 16. A bill to
bring all persons charged with viola
tion of the espionage act under the
jurisdiction i the military court
martial, was introduced today by Sen-
. i
ator ' Chamberliu of Oregon.' 'c"jp
man of tiie-senate military tom'mittc!
Old Fifth on Hike. I i
Camp Cody, N. M., April 16. (sJ
cial Telegram.) The 134th infant
Fifth Nebraska, is on a four-day
"hike" to the vicinity of old For
cummings, a tamous post in days
Aoache Indian warfare, north
I . f ! f T T T T t
command.
Second Annual
City Cleah-Up Campaign
April 16th to 20th ,
TO ASSIST THE BOYS AND MOTHERS OP
BOYS WHO TAKE PART, WE FEATURE
Lee's Unionalls
$2.25
TpHE garmonta that completely cover the boys, made like the
- service uniforms, and a garment for boys that will soon pay
for itself in the laundry it saves. These garments were selected
by the Government and are the most durable garment you can
secure for boys. Sizes 2 to 6 years.
Sizes Up to 16 Years
Priced According to Size . -
Overalls, trimmed in red,
Sizes. 4 to 8 years
79c
Little Tutor Suits,
ties 2 to 6 years
$1.00
Two-piece Khaki Suits
3 to 8 years ,
$1.95
Two-piece sand colored
Play Suits, 8 to 8 years
$1.45
Jvator seovt stilts, 7 to 15 years
$4.95
Sammy Suits, Coat, Breeches, Hat,V(Q mjr'
Wool Putties and Haversack jOeVD,
0
1 ;Be Patriotic Buy a Liberty Bond
ens on $ fyfiovtit
' An Exceedingly Timely Special Offering of
75 Women's Silk Dresses
$19.75 .
Buying Chesterfield Clothes
Is Real Thrift
In Chesterfield Clothes
You get full value for every dollar
of the cost in true style, in lasting
appearance, in long wear.
New Spring Models
All Wool Fabrics
$30 $35 $40
sSSSsHHKSSsSiiiilSisiSS
' Make Our Store Your Store
203 So. 15th Near Douglas
1
Newest Spring Models '
Clever Trimming Features
A Splendid Assortment
Unmatched Values
Sizes for Women and Little Women
rpHE heading and the first four lines tell the story
about these dresses, but the dresses must be seen,
closely examined and tried on to fully appreciate' the
values. -
To be a little more explicit, the materials are Taffeta,
Georgette Crepe and Foulard in Copenhagen and Navy Blue,
Green, Gray, Brown, Tan, Taupe and Heliotrope. Overskirt,
drape, tunic and bustle styles. -
The Separate Shop for Millinery
Pattern Hats
Previously Priced Up to $35.
' $10.00
P VERY pattern hat in our assortment included in this sale Wed
nesday. Hats from such famous exclusive millinery creators as
Bruck Weiss
Hyland
Madame Checanaw
Gage
Fisk
De Marinis
Hats developed of extra high-grade fine-end Italian Mika; highly finished lisere;
fine quality leghorn with georgette crepe combinations; Neapolitan hair braid
and maline and maline combinations. Variously trimmed with ,.tiny flowers;
chic ideas in ribbon; rakish quills and clever ornaments.
1