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THE BEE: OMAHA, THURSDAY, AUGUST Z, 1917.
Fremont is the Chosen Location of the Masonic Orphanages
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zJasoHic3ome for ZQoys (tRcnom)
This engine has been used to plow,
seed and thresh.
j Due to the crowded conditions of
getting in a great deal of corn this
year on wheat ground, Mr. Warner
pulled four lister bottoms with his
tractor. This worked out very nicely
and he was able to get the ground
planjted early. This would not have
been possible had he depended en
tirely upon horses, since there were
about 400 acres planted.
I like my rig mighty well; lrave
threshed over 28,000 bushelsof oats
and a little over 5,000 bushels of
wheat last season, and did it all in!
just twenty-one days, but the fields
are awful small; it not being a small
grain country, the fields are from
ten to fifty acres. Threshed what a
person could call one good, steady
day in one field of ninety acres;
threshed 2,500 bushels of oats and
500 bushels of wheat, making just
3,000 bushels that day. That was my
best last year, but if I could have
had bigger fields could have done a
lot better, for I lost so much time
on the road.
v The engine ran just fine; couldn't b
better. I burn about sixty gallon of
country and all are well satisfied, and
think we will have some more in
the near future, as they are making a
big hit with the people of Washing
ton county, Nebraska. L. R. Ham
mand, Washington County, Nebraska,
kerosene in a day; that is, a good,
long day. Can operate my rig cheap
er than they can a steam rig, for
it takes three men to operate a steam
rig, and can run this one by my
self. Just finished up a job of plowing
in the hills. My tractor pulls eight
fourteen-inch plows nine inches deep
on sixty gallons of kerosene a day
and does its work with ease.
We have several tractors in this
country and all are well satisfied, and
think we will have some more in
the near future, as they are making a
big hit with the people of Washing
ton county, Nebraska. L, R. Ham
mand, Washington County, Nebrsaka.
Ofesonzc tfotee Jbp Qicls (f'rcmont)
,WHY AND WHEREFOR
OF OILS AND OILING
Reasons for Taking Cars of All
. tbe Movable Parts of Ma
chinery by Proper
r Lubrication.
Not long ago I chanced to be in
fa garage where a doctor was having
liis car tuned up t little. The me
chanic noticed that his oil level was
little low and suggested that the
doctor should have tome more put
in before long. He and those stand
ing around were surprised to hear
Mm say, "Don't you ever put any oil
in my car unless it is some that I
give you."
Upon inquiry I found that he uses
a mineral medical oil which is pre
pared as a medicine and is so pure it
can be used internally. By buying
it in quantities and at wholesale he
is able to get it for $3 per gallon.
Yet he saya it ts proving an economy
to use it because his engine uses less
than half as much of it as other en
gines do of common lubricating oil
and because of his freedom from
fouled spark plugs and carbonized
cylinders.
' Best is Cheapest.
This doctor ha learned one thing
hich every automobile owner should
know, and that is the best is the
cheapest in the long run., Of course.
' very few of us will start to using oil
costing 3 per gallon at wholesale,
but we all will find it is real economy
to buy only the best oil that we can
for the purpose it is intended. t
All oils which are at all. suitable
for use in automobiles or tractors,
or, hi fact, any piece of machinery,
are mineral ou ooiameo "
distillation of petroleum. They will
not dry and gum Bp in service and
they will not break down and lose all
their lubricating value when sub
jected to heat, as will all animal and
vegetable oils and greases.
There are two classes of petrol
eum. One is a paraf fine base oil and
the other is an asphaltum base oil.
This means that when all the gao
line and other oil are distilled off
the residue from the first oil will be
a parafline, and from the second one
. would get a heavy, tarry oil called
asphaltum. ... .
There is a great deal of difference
in the olli from these two kinds of
petroleum, both in cqlor and in the
way they act in an engine. Even
though a sample of oil of each Kind
may look identically-alike, they will
have different results when used in
an engine. Some people maintain
there is a difference in the gasoline
from these two bases and that gaso
line from a parffine base which has
the same gravity test as a gasoline
from an asphaltum base will be more
volatile and will give better results.
How Carbon Forms.
The lubricating oil in a gas engine
does not wear'out; it burns up. Com
ing in contact wriih the intensely
heated walls of the cylinder, part of
the oil is vaporized and burned along
with the vaporized fuel The rest of
it remain! on the oiston and the cyl
inder walls, where it becomes charred
and forms a carbon deposit in the en
gine. The best lubricating oil for
automobile, tractor or gas engine
use is the one which will stand the
greatest heat before it vaporizes and
burns up, and whichs will leave the
least objectionable deposit in the en
gine. ,
The residue from an oil having a
paraffine base will be softer and not
' so gummy as that from an oil with
an asphaltum base. It will also be
sooty and a great deal of it will be
expelled from the engine with the
exhaust, and thus it will not form a
carbon deposit in the engine as fast
as will the asphaltum oil.
The petroleums from different
fields vary a great deal. Oils from
the Pennsylvania fields and other
eastern fields are almost entirely par
affine base oil. In the middle west,
particularly in Kansas and Oklahoma,
the petroleum obtained from differ
ent wells will differ greatly., Often
times asphaltum base petroleum and
paraffin base petroleum will be
tiound coming from the wells on
neighboring farms. In the western
fields, from Wyoming to California,
the pit has an asphaltum base almost
exclusively.
The supply of paraffine base oils Is
far below the demand, and for this
reason much of the gas engine lubri
cating oil on the market, especially
the cheaper grade, has an asphaltum
base.
Greases and Hard Oils.
But the engine oil itself is not the
only lubricant needed for gas en
gines. The lubricant should be se
lected for the bearing it is to lubri
cate, so grease and hard oil must
also be used. A, cup grease or bard
- oil is a heavy oil which has been
mixed with some heavy animal or
vegetable grease and some fiber to
give it the proper "body." The tem
perature at which it will melt and
run depends upon the proportion of
grease and fiber in it.
Heavy greases, as distinguished
from hard oil, are the thicker oils
.which are obtaintd from the petrol-
eum after the liquid oils have been
removed. They seldom have any
foreign matter in them, so they are
more greasy in appearance than the
hard oils and cup greases. They are
softer and at the same time have
greater lubricating properties, but
unless the joints about a bearing or
transmission are very tight they will
work past them.
Graphite.
The best known lubricant for
places where it can be used is graph
ite. It will form a lubricating film
over a bearing which will last a long
time. Only one or two firms claim
to have been able to put it in usable
shape, however, so as yet it can only
be used in places where the parts can
be taken apart easily and coated with
the lubricant and reassembled. This,
of course, means too much work for
any place except bearings, which have
very little motion as compared to
the leaves of a spring.
Why Oil is Necessary.
The purpose of lubrication is twor
fold. Primarily it is to reduce the
friction where two pieces of a ma
chine are rubbing together, but sec
ondarily it serves to carry away some
of the heat generated by the friction
of those two pieces rubbing on each
other.
In heavy high-speed machinery,
such as automobile and tractor en
gines and power plant machinery, the
second purpose is very important.
For this reason the manufacturers of
most of the high-speed gas engines
build their engines with a reservoir
in which oil is kept and from which
it Is pumped over and over into the
engine. The cooling effect of a large
body of oil is considerable, and some
manufacturers have even gone so" far
as to flute the sides of the oil reser
voir so it will remove the heat faster.
If the two halves of a bearing could
be made absolutely smooth there
would be little need for lubrication,
because there would be very little
frirfion. but a ncrfectlv smooth bear
ing is impossible to obtain. It might
look and feel smooth, but when put
under a high-powered microscope it
would show numberless small holes.
All metal .is crystaline, and when it
hardens it forms in minute crystals,
each of which has a microscopic air
space about it, and even the most
carefully ground bearing will have
these air spaces.
Bearings Ride In Oil.
The purpose of the oil is to fill up
these minute spaces and form a film
of oil between the two parts of the
bearing so that instead of rubbing on
the bearing the shaft is actually rid-,
Ing on a film of oil which moves along
with it and reducea the friction. j
The best oil to use for any bearing
is the lightest oil which can be ob
tained that will work into the bear-i
iner and maintain this him. Jhe
weight of the oil necessary will de
pend on the pressure on tne oearing.
if tha oil ia too light the pressure on
the bearing will force it out an.d it
cannot maintain this film of oil. Too
heavy an oil will make the friction of
hearing Greater man tne proper
oil were used, and too light an oil will
not stav in the bearing, so it will be
very little better than no oil at all.
From this one would think that a
different oil should be used for every
bearing, but that would be carrying
the point too far. The oil which is
suitable for most of the bearings will
do for all. The manufacturer of the
machines is alwavs ready to advise
what weight this oil should be.
Economical Oiling.
The ideal way and the most eco
nomical way to lubricate a bearing
would be to supply it with a steady
stream of oil in just the right amount
to lubricate ,it properlv. This would
mean that the oil would only be used
once, but that -it would be used up
and there would be no waste.
Such a lubricatinst svstem is very
nearlv imoossible: so many machines,
especially high-speed machines, such
as gas engines and electric motors,
are provided with an oil reservoir
and the bearings are enclosed. Then
the oil is either pumped or splashed
over the bearings and the surplus
is allowed to fall back into the reser
voir, where it will be used again.
On a machine so equipped the only
precaution which needs to be taken
is to keep the oil level in the reser
voir above a certain point. There
are a great many machines, however,
on which such a lubricating system
could not be used and they must be
oiled by hand at frequent intervals.
All classes of farm machinery have
many such bearings and they are the
ones which so often sutler from lack
of oil.
When oil is put on such a bearing,
only a certain small amount will stay
on the bearing; the rest runs off and
is wasted, lo put on a lot of oil
thinking it wilt last half a day, is a
mistake. The men who are getting
years of service from their farm ma
chinery are men who stop once or
twice every round of the field, or at
least twice an hour, and go over their
machine with an oil can.
Oil is affected by temperature.
Heat will cause it to become more
fluid and cold will make it thicker.
One must take this into consideration
when buying oil and get an oil for
winter use which will be light enough
to flow in cold weather. Then when
hot weather conies he will want a
heavier oil.
Much has b?en written about oils
ini everyone advises against an ani-
ma! or vegetable oil for most forms
of lubricating, yet one often sees it
used. A poor oil is an unnecessary
expense, even though it is cheap. The
money saved on the oil will be more
than spent in paying for repairs and
time for cleaning up bearings, which
would be unnecessary if the proper
high-grade oil was used.
Circus Torch and Kerosene
-Give Way to Delco Light
The circus torch and the kerosene
burner have given way to electricity,
according to C. E. Wagner, dis
tributor for the Delco light.
No less than six of the larger cir
cuses traveling the country have nory
table Delco plants, which are used for
lighting the railroad yards and
grounds for unloading and preliminary
work.
Barnum & Bailey had five porta
ble Deleo light plants with them
which were used in Omaha during the
show last week. The circus manage
ment has found the ; electric light
plants extremely convenient and inexpensive.
True Tractor Tales
Cast fall I drove to Meadow Grove
with a wagon and a big rack contain
ing thirteen head of hogs that weigh
ed about 300 pounds each; then I had
another wagon attached behind that
with six hogs in it about the same
weight. I drove ten miles with these
hogs in about two and three-quarter
hours. There were four teams behind
me hauling hogs, and I got into town
ahead of all of them.
I plowed about 100 acres in the
spring and a little over 100 acres since
harvest, using three fourteen-inch
plows and plowing seven inches deep.
I plowed over one hill in my field that
was less than one-fourth-mile long,
with a raise of sixty feet in, going
this distance. The tractor pulled the
three fourteen-inch plows right up
this hill, plowing seven inches deep.
I ran m V thrcshincr marhin
harvest last year and ran a 28-36 sep-
,Aa v.. ail. at 1 - . . ,
whu it, complete wim mower
and feeder- and have earned $410 with
it threshing after doing my own work.
I threshed as high as 600 bushels of
wheat in one day, and one day we
were just trying to see what we could
do, for fun, and threshed 440 bushels
of oats in two hours.
I stacked all my hay with my trac
tor and never used a team. The trac
tor is the best thing you can get to
put on the end of a rope to pull the
stacker up. You can go as fast or
as slow as you please, and stop it
whenever you want it, and it will hold
the load where you stop.
I have been into some pretty bad
mud- holes, but have never been into
one with my tractor that it did not
pull itself out. I pulled 108 bushels
of rye ten miles to town when the
roads were so muddy that in many
cases the tractor -went into the mud
eight inches, but the tractor went
right along. I also ran a feed mill
with it and ground fifty bushels of
rye in fifty-five minutes. I certainly
would not be without a tractor. M.
R. Duhachek, Madison County, Ne
braska. Mr. Charles Warner of Lancaster
county, Nebraska, has been using a
30-60 engine for the last four years.
deal Laundry Co.
JOHNSON & CO., Proprietor. j
Prompt
Always
Up-to-date
Office and Works, Corner
Broad and Fifth Sts.
Largest Shippers of Laundry
in Nebraska.
New Agencies Wanted.
Correspondence Solicited.
FREMONT, NEBRASKA
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Electricity for the farm has
arrived. The telephone, rural delivery
-and the automobile have put an end to isolated
life in the country. Now electr citv comes to make the
home more comfortable and help solve the labor problem.
A Western Electric Lighting Plant, if your place is beyond the reach of city service,
will mean not alone plenty of safe, cheerful light, but a steady source of power
that will pump water, turn the cream separator, run the milking machine, wash
and iron the clothes and save your wife much of the drudgery of housework.
Electric light is so easy to have when you can make it the Western Electric way ! There's just
the generator and storage battery in the plant, and you run it from your gas engine. Nothing
complicated. As easy to take care of as the Western Electric farm telephone you have in your
home. There's 40 years of electrical experience back of both of x them that's the reason.
When you buy a Western Electric Plant you can get Western Electric lamps, motors, pump,
cream separator, iron, washing machine, vacuum cleaner in fact, almost every kind of electrical-appliance
built especially for this service. Have your whole electrical- outfit a West
ern Electric.
See the WESTERN ELECTRIC Farm
PLANT at the National Power
Farming Demonstration.
at Fremont, Aug. 6-10
Perfect separation of cream on
the new direct connected constant
speed Western Electric-Empire sepa
rator.
Limited amount of territory still open to agents with
satisfactory references.
WESTERN ELECTRIC COMPANY
INCORPORATED
Omaha, Neb. 802 Farnam Street.
Running water downstairs and up.
taira with the Western Electric
pump.
WESTERN ELECTRIC COMPANY:
Omaha, Neb.
Please send me illustrated booklet No. FL-28, "Brightening, Up the
Farm."
Name
s v i
P. O. Address
State
( Western Electric Household Helps
will end the drudgery of the farmer's
wife.
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