THE OMAHA SUNDAY BEDS: OCTOBER. 26, 1913.
5-B
Private Panprs nf Our Fnrmpr
(Copyrighted 1913, by Frank O. Carpentr.)T
ASHINOTON. Oct. . r nave
w
already told you something of
the wonderful collection of
manuscripts relating to Ameri
can history which are now
being Rathe rd together In the
ranuscnpt division of the Library of
Congress at Washington. This collection
.a steadily Increasing, and it will soon be
the largest reservoir of tha raw material
of history known to the world. I have
rr.-nt the greater part of the week In
coins through the collection, and It la
impossible to exaggerate ita extent and
Value. I had a most Interesting chat with
JTcJalllard Hunt, the American historian
md archivist In charge of the division,
nbout the papers of the presidents.
Said he:
"The Washington papers which we now
havo In hand are the largest collection
relating to any individual. It is larger
than any collection of papers concerning
any one British statesman or any fa
mous man of any other country. Wash
ington became famous when very young,
and he was a prolific letter writer. From
1776 on people began to save hts letters,
so that now new Washington letters are
always appearing, and almost any col
lector of consequence has one or mors
Washington letters. He wrote the most
of his correspondence with his own hand,
and he was so methodical that he ac
complished a great lot of work. It was
his habit to rise at E o'clock every morn
ing and to write until breakfast time.
We have ourselves here in the manu
script division, about 60,000 letters of
Washington, and the collection. Includ
ing the' letters to him, numbers consider- I
ably over 10.000. j
Gathering- the Papers.
"Where did those papers come from!"
"From various sources. A great many,
came from his heirs. When Washing
ton died his estate at Mount Vernon
came to General Bushrod Washington.
Later on a number of tho heirs sold the
papers' Which they had Inherited to the
government. Others of the' heirs kept
theirs and left them at Mount Vernon,
and when Mount Vernon was sold by
Colonel Washington, the father of Law
rence Washington, tho papers were taken
to Alexandria and were deposited In a
bank. There must have been about a
dozen barrels of them. The papers were
still there at tho opening of the civil
war, but soon after that the bank wos
burned down and the papers were burned
with it. This left as tho only group of
Washington papers tho one which the
government had bought It formed about
two-thirds of the whole.
"Where are tho papers of John
Adair.s7"
Thev are in the hands of the Massa
chusetts Historical society at Boston,
v.-hero arc also the papers of John Quincy
Adams. They have been deposited there,
and will probably never leave Boston, al
though they really ought to be In our col
lection here. The Adams papers are val
uable. They are In the special charge of
Washington Ford, who was formerly chief
of this division. They are very carefully
guarded."
Jefferson Collection Complete,
"Have you many of the Jefferson pa
pers?" "Tea. Our collection is -numbered by
tens of thousands. Jefferson was very
methodical, and his private' papers Wern
almost as voluminous ai those of Wash
ington: He was" lone of the first' Amer
icans to use a press copy, od'i hero are
thousands of1 letters in prats, -copy by
him. Congress bought Jefferson's library
and it was carried in wagons from Monti
cello to "Washington. Tho Jefferson pa
pers were not a part .of the library. They
were acquired after Jefferson's death and
were bought of his descendants for about
$25,090. These papers contained -a record
of tho whole .career of Jefferson, pnly
about one-fifth of them have ever been
published, and it is out of the question
for tha government to ever publish them
alt"
"Tell me something about the papers
of James Madison?"
"Our Madison collection came from two
separate purchases. Madison prepared
certain of his papers for publication be
fore he died, and congress bought some
of these shortly after his death. Later
on he bought the remainder. Then some
of the papers fell into the hands of his
sttpson, Payne Todd, who deposited them
with James C. McOulre of Washington.
McQulre was a collector of manuscripts.
He had loaned Todd money and Todd
had given him the papers as security,
and when the debt was not paid they
fell Into his hands. Later on the Mc
Oulre collection was sold to the Chicago
Historical society, and It was only a
year or so ago that I persuaded that
society to sell them to us. The heads of
the society were business men. They
thought that the Madison collection
rightly belonged to the National library,
and they gave tt to us at Just what tt
cost them. These Madison papers com
prised 110 volumes, and the items in our
Madison documents altogether are in the
neighborhood of 60,000.
Some Andy Jaekson Documents.
"We have also some papers of Monroe
and some which were bought from the
descendants of John Quincy Adams.
Many of thesa have not been bound as
yet. Wo have a large collection of docu
ments relating to Andrew Jackson. The
chief collection left by Jackson was given
by General Jackson's adopted son to his
friend, Francis P. Blair, and Blair's
descendants turned them all over to the
government about five years ago. In ad
dition to this collection, there were a
large number of Jackson's letters and
papers in the hands of his adopted son's
widow. I bought, these manuscripts from
her about two years ago, .so that alto
gether we have now a remarkably com
plete collection of the Jackson' papers.
They numben about 30,000 documents or
items. They begin- with Jackson's early
youth and run on down to his death."
"How about your collections of Van
Buren. Tyler, and Polk?"
"Van Buren did not leave a great
many papers." said Mr. Hunt. "He was
a very cautious man and he destroyed
many of his letters. Still we have 'a
large collection which was presented to
the library about sir years ago by his
descendants. We have very many papers
of James JC Polk which the government
bought from his descendants. Polk was
careful and methodical. He saved letters'
aid papers, and we have altogether thirty
or forty thousand of ' his documents.
Among thesa is his diary, which we
bought from the Chicago Historical So
ciety. As to the Tyler papers, the most
of them are in the hands of his descend
ants at Williamsburg, and I hare no
doubt but that they will in time coma to
the library. Lyon G, Tyler, the presi
dent of William and Mary college, has
charge of them and he his .promised' to
give, them to us."
"What other collections of presidential
yPavf of tffte Treaty of Pa pis TSM'ilWm! A(gjr h
.- - ..f.-
V U.l:,lKSiK:i
One oTAndrew JscAsons wciepis -foj pew ren-t
papers have you?"
"We have scattering papers of William
Henry Harrison. Zach Taylor and Millard
Fillmore, but we have no collections of
these presidents. The Filmore papers
aren the custody of the Buffalo Histori
cal society and they wilt probably be
sent here after a while. They are not
very Important He was not nearly as
strong as Tyler. John Tyler was a per
sonality. Fillmore was In -many respects
a nonentity. As to the papers of Zachary
Taylor, after his death they remained in
the hands of his son on the old Taylor
plantation In Louisiana. Then the house
was burned down and nil the papers de
stroyed. The papers of William Henry
Harrison were lost In the same way at
the time his house was burned, and so
there are collections of neither Taylor
nor Harrison.
, "We have the. papers of Franklin
Pierce, such as they are. They are not
many and they do not amount to much.
President Pierce was a charming man,
and I do not think full Justice has been
done him. By the way, there Is an In
teresting story told about him In con
nection with Buchanan's inauguration.
This comes from a Mr. Gamble, who was
a boy at the time. Toung Gamble and
his father had gone to the Inauguration
and after the parade were walking home.
They had come about halt way from the
capltol when a gentlman came up be
hind them and asked permission to walk
along with them. They turned around
and discovered it was Franklin Pierce
going home on foot from the Inauguration
of hts successor to the presidency. As to
Buchanan, his papers are In the hands
of the Pennsylvania Historical society
and are now in Philadelphia. They ought
to be here."
Sample of Jackson's letters.
In looking over the papers of the presi
dents Mr. Hunt showed me some Inter
esting letters. I saw papers of Andrew
Jackson relating to his duties and as to
how he raced horses. There Is one memo
randum made by Andrew Jackson as a
boy which gives full details of "how
to feed a cock before you fight it" This :
says that you should give the chicken '
some picked beef cut fine, three times a
day, and let him have sweet milk Instead
of water to drink. Give him dry Indian j
corn and a little white bread soaked in j
sweet milk. Feed him as much as he can I
eat for eight days, and he will then be
ready to fight" I saw also receipts
signed by Jaokson showing that he was
a good churchgoer while he was presi
dent He rented pews in three different
churches and probably took the whole
family with him. Mr. Hunt tells me. j
however, that Andrew Jackson did not
stop racing horses when he became presi
dent He merely raced them under an- t
other name. The last thing he did as '
president was to make a bet about Van
Buren' s election. He never composed a '
single state paper that went out under
his own name. Buch things were written !
for him by Edward Livingston. Amos ,
Kendall, James K. Polk and others. They j
wrote more strongly than they would I
have written for themselves, but Jackson I
was. never afraid to take the responslbil-
lty. Mr. Hunt says that Jackson believed i
In the duel and that he tried when pos
sible to bo the challenged party. He
usually selected pistols and chose the
distance of from six to nine paces. Such
a distance he said put both men on equal
terms, t ie good shot having no advan
tage over the bad one.
Searching Foreign A rehire. j
The IJbrary of Congress has under way '
a most important undertaking in collect- '
Ing the material for our colonial history.
This Is the having copied everything In'
the European archives which pertains to i
the American colonies. For some years
men have been at work in the govern
ment archives of Great Britain. France, ,
Spain and Mexico. They are copying
government documents, letters aad papers
of all kinds relating to the story of Amer
ica and to the American colonies. The
most of the English transcripts bars at-j
ready been made. They begin with the
discovery "of America and extend to the
peace of 17SX They number more than I
300,000 follov and the copying has been,
all done by hand on a handmade paper
zranufactured especially for tha purpose, j
The writing is like copper-plate, and as'
the papers aro chronologically arranged
any period Is easily accessible. Thesa j
Til- i ... . M i
"'.'At; ???J? A : " 2 ' w . -l A II
X
TA Ai adiscn. Paper
papers are in great ledger-like volumes,
beautifully bound and so made that they
will last forever.
Mr. Hunt tells me that the collection
fiom tho British archives is practically
complete. Similar work is going on in
Paris, where the copyists are collecting
everything up to the time of the Louisiana
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be made of tho archives of Mexico up to
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will form a complete transcript of all the
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American colonies now hidden away In
the archives of foreign governments. As
it is now, the man who wants to write
about colonial America has to go to Eu
rope for a part of his material. Within
a very short time a copy of everything
In Kuropo will be accessible In the na
tional library.
Alt Copied by Hand.
I asked Mr. Hunt It all thii work had
to be copied by hand. Ho replied:
"Tha manuscripts which havo come
from tho British archives have all been
made In that way, and the arrangement
for tho French archives Is the anu. The
Mexican papers will be copied tn type
writer, and a great many of the other
archives have been photographed nml sent
on in facsimile. Thero is consldrabla
doubt as to the advlsahlllty of using pho
tograph'. Many of the dooumont are
bound and photography docs not give
complete reproductions. Another danger
is that the photographs may fade in time,
while the Ink and paper we now uo In
copying will last indefinitely. Another ob
jection to photography Is that the paper
must nocoarl)y be thicker than writing
paper, and several hundred thousand pho
tographs would be very unwicidiy.
I looked over some of tho volunnn of
manuscript with Mr. Hunt. Tha most
of them are HxlS Inches In slie. Thuy
are made of Manila rope paper, cut with
the grain, and are so bound In red mo
rocco that they form beautiful volumes.
Each volume has Its own case, and tho
workmanship of Inserting tho manuscripts
Is exquisitely beautiful. Many of tho ps
pers come tattered and torn. They hava
to bo cleaned and covered with crepellno.
whloh makes them practically Indestructi
ble. Kach letter Is mounted on a separato
sheet and if the writing Is on both sides
of the pace it Is on hlnRCs. It Is tho
finest manuscript preparing of the world
and Is better than that of tho Vatican,
which has long stood at the head as to
the beauty of Its manuscript preserva
tion. Only Tlirff tirrnt Ones.
During my chat with Mr. Hunt I asked
as to tho other great manusorlpt collec
tions of the world. He replied:
"Thero arc only three really great his
torical collections, that of the British
museum In London, the BltittoteeqUa
Nntlonale tn Taris and the one we havo
here. I do not know which Is the largest,
but tho British museum hns bee,n nt tho
of collecting for iriore than 800 years,
while the Parisians have bn working
at it even longer. Our collection began
only ten years ago, and nt the present
hate of progress It will soon have a
larger and more complete collection than
they have. We shall havo more docu
nents relating to tho history of the
United States than the British have ro
uting to tho history of England."
"These papers are separate and apart
from our gpvemtnent archives, are they
not?"
"Y. These are private papers and
letters. The offlclnt archives are the
papers of the government. As far as
they are concerned we are lamentably
Wanting. Not a single department of
our government has all of Its archives,
and not one of them knows as to what
It has and what It has lost. An In
ventory has never been taken. In
deed, there Is not n country In Europe
that does not' keep its offlclnl docu
ments in better shape than we z, '
Aire of Dncvtenta.
"What Is the oMwit official document
in existence?"
"It Is not so very, very old. People
did not begin to write until modern times.
and the earliest written English docu
ment dates baok only to the thirteenth
Century, Tho first English .author who
wroto was Chaucer. He lived In the
fourteenth century, and that Is not long
ago. The earliest modern offlclnl docu
ment In any language Is In the archives
at Milan, Haly. This was written on
parchment paper about A. D. MS by King
Ctho and Queen Agatha. There Is an
other document written Just a little later
in the archives of Dresden, and another
In those of Magdeburg.."
"Tell mo sbmethlng about! the Vatican
collections?"
'The Vatican Is a library of Itself, It
s composed exclusively of manuscripts
that is, of manuscript books written
mostly before the age of printing. These
books are chiefly religious and are not
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"
individual manuscripts. The Vatican'
has the oldest official document which,
as I have said, was of the ninth century.
The oldest piece of manuscript on paper
dates back to the second century, and
there is one from the third century. Roth
of these are In perfect state of preserva
tion. One of them Is a copy of some of
Virgil's poems, and the other Is a tran
script of a prayer."
"In addition to the Vatican library,
Italy has a number of other valuable
manuscript collections. The Library of
Florence has the papers of Galileo, most
of which were written before he went
blind and a few afterward. In the
archives there they havo also the papers
of Dante. I have seen them all and they
are wonderfully preserved."
PRANK G. CAItPENTKn.
Watch Carefully
the Child's Diet
Start Them Off Right With
a Good Laxative and Then
Watch Their Food
Mothers aro often unconsciously very
careless about tho diet of their children,
forcing all to eat the same foods. The
fact is that all foods do not agree alike
with different persons. Hence, avoid
what seems to constipate the child or to
give It Indigestion, and urge It to toko
more of what Is quickly digested.
If the child shows a tendency to con
stipate It should Immediately be. given
a mild laxative to help the bowels. By
this Is not meant a physic or purgative,
for thcao should never bo given to chil
dren, nor anything like salts, pills, etc.
What the child requires Is simply a
small dose of the gentlest of medicines,
such as Dr. Caldwell's Syrup Pepsin,
whloh. in tho opinion of thousands of
watchful mothers, Is tho Ideal remedy
for any chlld'showlng a tendency to con
stipation. So many things can happen
to a constipated child that care Is neces
sary. Colds, pi! as, headaches, sleepless
ness, and many other annoyances that
children should not have can usually
be traced to constipation.
Many of America's foremost families
aro never without Syrup Pepsin, because
ono can never tell when some member
of tho family may need It, and all can
use It Thousands endorse It, among
them Mrs. M. E. ratten, Valley Junc
tion, Iowa, who Is never without it tn
the house. Mrs. Patten says that Syrup
j'.IUubetu says '1 anr troubled with &
constant headache which also affects my
eyes. My breath is awful, as I have a
severe caso of catarrh in the head and
throat."
Answer: I receive daily hundreds of
letters from people who have suffered as
you do and who havd been relieved with
the following prescription, Make a wash
by mixing one-half trispoonf ul of Vltane
powder, which you an purchase from
any druKKlst In 1 ox. packages, and add
to this one pint of warm water, use this
In the nostrils dally to thoroughly cleanse
them. A catarrh balm should be used
with this, This Is made by mixing one
'teospoonful of Vllann powder with one
ounce lard or vasollno and apply well
jup Into the nostrils twice a day. If this
1s used dally your catarrh should soon
vanish. It should, however, be used oc
casionally to prevent a return of the
disease
"C. Q." writes: "If you know of any
thing that will cure dandruff, itching
iKolp and premature baldness, please
let mo know what It Is."
Answer; For several years I have pre
scribed plain yellow minyol as superior
to anything known for the treatment of
diseased scalp, (let it In four-ounce Jars
with full directions. It nulckly overcomes
all diseases of hair and scalp and gives
new vigor and Intense natural color to
the hair. Try It fairly and you will ad
vocate Its use for your friends.
"Mildred" writes: "I am constantly
embarrassed because of the act of my
extremo thinness, I have absolutely no
color In my face and lips and I am dull
and lifeless most of the time. Please
advise me what to do."
Answer: if you are so thin and pale
and your lips and cheeks are colorless
It is because your blood Is deficient In
red corpuscles. This can be easily over
come by the use of three-grain hypc
nuclane tablets, which can be had from
any druggist In sealed cartons with full
directions for taking. When the blood is
onrlched by tho use of these tablets your
weight will Increase, the color will come
back Into your face and Hps, and it will
Improve your general system so that you
will become strong and healthy.
"Edna" writes: "I suffer with rheu-
i matlsm all the time and I shall bo very
glad If you can ten me someining to
relieve me."
Answer I can give you a prescription
which will not only relieve, but should
obliterate your rheumatism. This is my
favorite remedy and from the number of
letters received from people who have
used It proves Its value In rheumatism.
The following is made by mixing well,
taking a teospoonful at meal times and
again before retiring: Comp. essence
rardlol. 1 ox.: comp. fluid balmwort, 1
ox, ; syrup sarBaparllla comp., 6 on.
.BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBSBBm.
sbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbHsibbbbHsE' ,BbbbFA WBlTB
BBBBBBBBBsHillHfBP
.''G'sssssW
ECZEMA
CAN BE CURED
I Will Prove It to You Fres
Too who are suffering the tortures ot Eczema. Itch. Salt Rheum or other
stem aiseasea iou wsote days are miserable, wnoo nigbls aro made sleep
less by lbs terrible ltcalng. burning pains, leimeseodyou a trial of a sootn-
lot, heallnr treatment wblch has cured boadreds,
Jon. i win sna It tree, poitsiie paid, without any obligation on your part,
nit fill the coupon below sod mail it to me, or write me, glTisg your Base, aga tad laiUsM,
I will send too treatment free ot cost to you.
mm mm -CUT AMD MAO, TO DAY" sss mm m mmm m ssi
J. O. HUTZELL, 360 West Main at.. Fart Wayne, Ind.
Please send without coit or obligation to me jeur Fres Proof Treatmsat.
Name
Post OSV30
.Stmt aad No.
PRATTLE OF THE YOUNGSTERS.
"Who can tell- me the name of Uquli.
that will not freexe?" asked the teaehr
"Hot water," piped the youngest ohllfl
present
Small 1511 told her aunt she was (
"chump." She was reprimanded by het
mother and told to apologize. Toddllni
up to her Insulted relative she said!
"Auntie, I'm sorry you are a chump."
The newly accepted young man wat
"making up" to the sweetest girl's lmp
Ish small brother. Willie evincing a de
fire to Inspect his watch charm, the vls
ltor lifted Willie to. hts lap. In a pau(
of the general conversation Willie piped,
Phrlllyi
"Am I as heavy as sister Mabelt"
RALPH M. .PATTEN.
Pepsin haa dono wonders for her bo
Ralph, who was constipated from birth
but Is now doing fine. Naturally she li
enthusiastic about It and wants other
mothers to use It Dr. Caldwell's Syrup
Pepsin In sold by druggists at fifty cents
and one dollar a' bottle, the latter size
being bought by those who already know
Its value, and It contains proportion
ately moro.
Everyone likes Syrup Pepsin as It Is
very pleasant tn the ton to. It ta also
mild and non-griping and freo from In
jurious Ingredients.
Families wishing to try a free sam
ple bottle can obtain it postpaid by ad
dressing Dr. W. B. Caldwell, 419 Wash
ington St, Montlcello, 111. A postal
card with your noma and address on it
will do.
TtcDoCTORV
The questions answered below are gan
. eral in character; the symptoms or dis
eases are given ana tne answers snouia
apply to any case of similar nature.
Those wishing further advloe. free, may
address Dr, Lewis Baker, College Build
ing, Colloge-Ellwood streets, Dayton, O.,
enclosing sslf-addressed, stamped envel
ope for reply. Full name and address
must be given, but only initials or ficti
tious nama will be used in my answers.
The prescriptions can bo tilled at any
well-stocked drug store. Any druggist
can order of wholesaler.
Iodide of potassium, I drams; wine of
colohloum, one-half ounce ! sodium sail
cylate, i drams.
"Morris" askst "I havo suffered with
a chronlo cough for almost a year, and
oatoh a fresh cold evOry few weeks.
Nothing the doctor gives me helps, so I
write to you."
Answer: You need a thorough laxative
cougti syrup, one that not only relieves
but surely drlvoa it from the system. The
following regularly used will oust any
ourable cough or cold promptly. Obtain
a 2i ox. bottle of essence mentho-lax-ene,
mix It with a home-made sugar
syrup or honey as per directions on
botUe.
"Anxious B," writes: "I have In recent
years been threatened with appendicitis,
.but would nevoj- consent to an opsration.
Indigestion, constipation and sedentary
habits cause me much suffering. Kindly
prescribe for dyspepsia something whloh
you think will cure me and prevent ap
pendidltls."
Answer: The most scientific and satis
fying treatment for your trouble is tab
lets triopoptine; packed pink, white and
blue in sealed cartons with full direc
tions. Most stomach disorders can be
conquered by regular treatment
"Nervous M." writes: "Loss of sleep,
nervousness, loss of appetite and ovr
work has made almost a complete wreak
of me. I have to work, but can scarcely
drag one foot after the other. Please
advise."
Answer: The condition you describe is
prevalent, especially with brain wprkers.
Use the following: Compound syrup hy-
r phosphites, fi ois.; tincture cadometie.
oz. Mix, shake well and take a tea
spoonful before meals.
Farmer's Wlfa asks: "Will you please
tell me how to overcome obesity?"
Answtr; Obealty Is burdensome. Ex
cessive fat on tho human body is unnat
ural and frequently results seriously.
The best and safest method to reduce is
to take regularly five-grain arbolone tab
It ts. They are put up in sealed tubes
with dlrectisns for home use, and any
well-stocked druggist can supply them.
"Kara C." writ si "I am constipated,
and have a groafay skin. Buffer from
headache. Indigestion and some kidney
trouble. I wish you to recommend a
remedy."
Answerr The best remedy to relievo
and master chronlo constipation is called
three-grain sulpherb tablets made from
sulphur, cream of tartar and herb med
icines. Taken regularly tho blood is pur
ified, the bowels and liver stimulated
Into healthy notion and health estab
lished, They are packed in sealed tubes
with full directions. These tablets ara
spler.did for children, as they do not
gripe or sicken.
"Mamma" T know of nothing better
for bed-wetting than: 1 dram of tinc
ture cubebs, 2 drams of tincture rhus
aromatic and 1 ot. comp. fluid balmwort.
Mix. The dose Is 10 to IS drops la water
one hour before meals."
whleh I believe will cure '"
Age...