THE OMAHA SUNDAY BEE: OCTOBER 5, 191M.
5-B
V
Projects for Improving Our Postal
Service
wi
(Copyrighted, MIS, by Frank O. Carpenter.)
.ASHTNGTON, Oct. 4.-I am the
poorest man In the wprld for
a newspaper story. My life
has not been pyrotechnic I
was not born In the gutter,
and I have had no sensational
struggles with poverty to got an educa
tion, and reach public service. I am only
a plain, ordinary man, developed along
tho common lines of American life. In a
plain, ordinary way. Besides I have had
no news Instinct I do not know a good
story when .1 seo it. I have had tho
newspaper fellows tell me that I was the
best newsmaker in tho government serv
ice but that tho news I furnished was
sent forth without any knowledge on my
part that it was of any interest what
soever." v
lint He AV111 Tnlk.
Theso were the words of tho post
master genernl, Albert Sidney Burle
son, as he tat before his big desk in
the Postofflce department. He had a
pile of papers before him, and tho room
adjoining was filled with callers waiting
for audiences, and each with his own
ax to grind. The time was '9.30 in tho
morning, and from then on throughout
the day, the business, I was told, would
more as e. it was not a good time for an
Interview, and tho opening words of tho
Postmaster general were by no means
propitious. . Nevertheless, I put my ques
tions and tho answers came quick and
without hesitation. One of tho first sub.
Jects.was tho parcel post, and the trouble
that had arisen with congress as to in
creasing the alio or tb.3 packages and
lowering the rated.
Tho postmaster general said:
"I Intend to do all that the law will
permit to better and cheapen the parcel
Post service. The postofflce is a depart
mentof efficiency, and it is the servant
of the people. T am not here to make tho
laws,- but It is my duty to enforce and
carry them out. as far as this department
is oincerned. That dijty I am trying to
dlsoharge as regards. the parcel post. You
havo seen how the first move I made was
resisted. I then said to the senators and
representatives Just what I havo said to
you. Tou havo placed this responslblllyt
upon me, and I am going to carry it out.
I shall move forward Just as fast as the
law will permit, and I believe that we
Bhall soon be sending parcels of 100
pounds weight through tho malls. When
we have established the present system.
I have another move planned to
follow It. We shall go on, step by step. I
know Just what I am going to do; the
next step will be made at the soonest pos
sible moment and the development will go
right along during tho next four years."
Kxprcii Companies' Problem.
"But how about tho express companies?
Are you going to drive them out of busi
ness?" "Tho express companies will have
plenty to do In tho carrying of packages
of largo size and wolght. They will have
to give way to the government as to
small packages. There Is no Individual
concern that can compete with tho gov
ernment. There is not the slightest doubt
about that. We aro going to do the small
package business of, the United Slates."
I he)t asked as to the prospective In
crease to the parcel post service. Tho
postmaster general replied:
"That business , is steadily Increasing
and that is so of every department related
to our malls. We' are now handling from
Sl.000,000.000 to 25.000,000.000 packages of
mail a, year, .and wo have the, largest
transportation service In the wprld. Our
ystomj.of parcel ranspo'rutlon-is larger'
thanuhat of any express -company and It
la Juat at Its beginning."
s.Bolnea for. Six Months.
"Qlye some of the details," said L
"Well, In trie first sis months wo
bandied mora than 300,000,000 parcel post
paokages. With the Increase In the
weight limit and the reduction of tho
ratevthe Increase will , be accelerated.
andI 'estimate that by the, time the year.
Is closed wo, shall havo handled 750,000,
600 packages. We are doing much to
help1 the business along. One thing Is
the change as to stamps,' so that any
kind of postage stomps can be uaJd to
send a parcel post package. Another
la lrj the use of pro-cancelled stamps.
It cost something to put the stamps on
760,009,000 packages and to cancel them
by hand is an extremely difficult process.
We can cancel the stamps on letter-mall
by machinery, but we cannot do ;that on
paokages, whloh are of all shapes and'
sliesr We have figured that it would
cost, us about 1250,009 'to cancel the
stamps on the parcel post packages.
We believe this cost can be cut down to
$10,000 by the us of machinery and by
allowing tho use of pro-cancelled stamps.
As It Is now, pro-cancelled stamps are
permitted where mailers send out 2,000
or more packages at one mailing. Wo
want $o fix it so that almost any person
can- further his business, and at the
narrwyttroe reduce the, cost to "the gov
ernment In that way."'
Used by Hit? Firms.
"Tou speak of people sending 2,000 pack
ages at one mailing. Havo we many
firms that do that?"
"Tes. The great mall-order houses send
Mother's Friend
,r in Every Home
j l
Comfort and Safety Assured Before
v the Arrival of the Stork. ,
The old saying what Is home without
ft mother ebould add "Mother's Friend."
Is thousands of American homes there
Is a bottle of this splendid and famous rem'
edy that has aided many a woman through
the trying ordeal, saved her from suffering'
and pain, kept her in health of mind and
body In advance of baby's coming and bad
almost wonderful Influence in developing a,
healthy, lorely disposition In the child.
"There is no other remedy so truly a help
to. nature as Mother's Friend. It relieves
tbe& pain and discomfort caused by tb
strain on the ligaments, makes pliant those
flbrej and muscles which nature Is expand
ingand soothes the Inflammation of breast
Elands.
Mother's Friend Is an external remedy,
acts quickly and not only btnlsbes all dis
tress In advance, bat assures a speedy and
complete recovery for the mother. Thus
be becomes a healthy woman with all ber
strength preserved to thoroughly enjoy tbe
rearing of ber child. Mother's Friend can
t,e bad at any drug store at $1.00 a bottle,
ad Is really one of the greatest blessings
over discovered for expectant mothers.
"Write to Bradfleld Regulator Co., 128
Lamar Bldg., Atlanta, fit., for their fire
book. Write to-day. It la most Instructive.
HOME FURNITURE CO
20 Below Omaha Price,
Not One Day, But Ewery'Day
South
Omaha
out many times that and there aro
mall Institutions that have ia heavy
pnrcel post daily mall. The largest num
ber of paokages sent out so far in any
one day by a single firm was and
the largest amount of postage used by
any one company In a day for the parcel
Post service was V5.US,
"That sum was paid by one of the
largo mall orderr houses," continued tho
postmaster goneral. "The mall order
houses were prepared for the parcel post
at the time It was Inaugurated, and
they have adopted It in their business In
a marvelous manner. The other day I
took down a statement for the agent
of ono of these firms as to its business
during tho first seven months of 1915.
In that time It sent out almost 4,500.000
parcel post packages. These houses are
doing so much, that we havo tried to
facilitate their parcel post mall In every
posslblo way. Wo havo put n corps of
clerks In certain establishments of that
kind, and the packages go nlmost direct
to tho consumer, being largely distributed
before they aro sent to the trains. Our
men show them how to handle the pack
ages, and how tho wrapping should be
done. In this way they have proved of
great valuo to the mall order estab
ltshments, and have also saved tho gov.
ernment thousands of dollars by not
clogging the malls. The Increase In the
weight limit from eleven to twonly
pounds will add to the mall order busi
ness." Help for this Farmer.
"What can tho parcel post do for tho
rarmerl"
'It can make every farmer a mall
order merchant. It has already done that
in other countries. Ho can fend his goods,
in smoii packages to the consumer.
Twenty pounds Is Just about three pecks
of .cotton seed; It Is one-third of a bushel
of wheat and almost naif a bushel of
porn. It' might' -enablo (vegetables ,and
other products' to- bo 'sent (ntq, cities di
rect, and it will bo of great advantage to
the farmer. In tho. exchanging1 of seeds
and, in. buying , tools andsuppljes.
.''TVo.'ha a, 'case, tho other' day of a man
Who broke the point of his ' plow while
at work on tho form. Ho had a telephone
and ho called up tho merchant in tQwn
to send him a new point. Tho merchant
replied that ho had not ono on hand, but
that ho had telephoned to the home. of
fice, 100 miles away, and ordered It to bo
sent on by mall. That plow pVjlnt came
to tho farmer the next morning through
the parcel post, and before night he wan
plowing again, without having left tho
farm. AH that was done at. a cost of 21
cents, whereas it would havo taken him
at least half a day to have driven to
town for tho package had it been sent
there."
"Do you think the people appreciate the
valuo of tho parcel post and what they
might do through it?" ;
People Lenrnlnir Ita Value.
"They are rapidly learning' to do so.
Daniel C Roper, the first, assistant
postmaster, of a small town In Montana
from a trip throughout tho west. Ho
says the people aro everywhere beginning
to send their goods In that way. The
postmaster of a small town In oMntana
raid he' was .handling fifty packages, a
day, and among the things sent were
boxes of cigars from tho local tobaccon
ist, while among those received were
packages of knit underwear from a small
town in ' Utah, which had a factory of
that kind. In one town he found a man
Who- was advertising his laundry business
through the parcel post, putting It In this
way: 'Our delivery wagon, run by Uncle
Sam, will. stop at your home every morn
ing and will mako a delivery to you
every afternoon.' That kind of thing la
going on all. over the country.''
"But doea it I not cost the government
a great deal to deliver the packages?"
"We have had a careful record kept of
fifty of the most Important postofflces
of the country for a period of six days.
This was last April. The reports from
those - of floes show a wide range of
methods employed, and Just what It
costs by each method. It was found that
the cost of delivering by motor vehicles
varied from IVi cents to nearly 15 cents
per package, whereas delivery by horse
drawn vehicles showed a variation bf
from 1 cent to 5 cents per package. We
aroxnow Investigating how to deliver
goods the most cheaply."
Great Popular Department,
The conversation hero turned to the
political business of the Postofflce de
partment and of Its closeness to the
people. Postmaster General Burleson
said:
"The Postofflce department outranks
any other of the executive branches in
its direct value to and connection with
the people. It la tho department that is
closest to every Individual, and it la,
more than anything else, a representative
of the national government In many
communities. It In the only representa
tive of the national government. The
State department la a very important
part of the administration, but there are
millions of our citizens who never corns
Into contact with St, or have any knowl
edge of what It la doing. The Agrloul
tural department and the Treasury de
partment toueh hundreds of thousands ut
our citizens, but the Postofflce depart
ment comes nto almost daily contact
with every Individual In the United
Blates who Is old enough to read and
write. It Is a concern that touches the
Individual, and' that every day. It there
Gt
Our
Rug
Prices.
9x12 SEAMLESS BRUSSELS
$9.75
9x12SEAMLESS VELVETS
$14.50
9x12 A AMI MISTER
$17.00
Bargains in
Small Rugs
See Our
New
Daylight
Display
Low Prices on
Oood Stoves
and Ranges
111
3-Piece Parlor Set
Ho. 1 Leather Seat and back
(Choioe if Oak er Mahogany Finish)
Postmaster General Albert X Burleson:
is any department that should not be
controlled by politics, It is this depart,
nient. Arid ''still," continued the postmas
ter general, with ft smile, "tho head of tho
Postofflce department Is the man who is
supposed to keep the executive and legis
lative departments in touch with each
other. Ho Is the intermediary and go
between of tho two."
Here All Slant Come,
"But why is .that, Mr. Postmaster Gen
eral ?" I asked.
"One reason for It is that tho Post
office department Is the one place to'
which every congressman must come
from time to time. The senator or rep
resentative may seldom havo occasion to
go to tho State department He may
never havo occasion to go to the Agri
cultural department, but he Is sure to
come to the Postofflos department. It
ia for this reason that the postmaster
general has dropped Into tho business of
keeping harmony between tho executive
and legislative branches. There Is no
reason why this should be so, and he
does not always succeed In his Job, but It
seems to have, devolved upon him, never
theless." "Referring to the political aspects of
the department, I seo that you are mak
ing the fourth-class postmasters undergo
a civil servloe examination to show their
fitness for office."
"That la a result of the executive
order of May 7, 1918, which prescribed
a test for determining the fitness of
fourth-class postmasters under the
civil service law. It was President
Roosevelt who first brought fourth
class postmasters Into the classified
civil service. He did that In 1903 as
to certain of them In the northern and
northwestern states, and It was in Oc
tober, 112. that President Taft ex
tended the order to cover tbe United
States. These orders brought all the
postmasters under the civil service
laws without requiring them to show
that they were fit for such protection.
President Wilson's order requires that
every fourth-class postmaster whose
compensation is J ISO or upward must sub
mit to a competitive examination, and
It Is based upon such examinations that
the appointments were made. On March
6 and slnco then we have had over 4,600
fourth-class postmaatershtps vacant, and
of theso 1,700 have been filled through
civil service examinations or on Inspec
tors' reports. We havo between 2,000 and
8,000 of these fourth-class postmasters yet
to be disposed of. We are handling them
as rapidly as possible."
Extending; Ilural Delivery.
"What are you doing as to tho rural
malls?"
"We have put on over 200 new routes.
involving an additional expenditure of
something like tlM.COO a year. That
branch of the service steadily grows. It
now has in tho neighborhood of 15,000
officers and clerks, and it costs some
thing like 120,000,000 a year. The number
of miles traveled per annum runs high
Into the millions, and more than 200,000
people aro now receiving their mall at
their doors Instead of at remote post
offices." "How many postofflces aro there In the
United States?"
"Tho number Is almost W,000."
"dive me Jn a nutshell aome Idea of
Unole Sam's postofflce business.'
"It Is a big thing to put Into a nutshell
In tho first place, wo have 69,000 post
and this Is largely because we do a great
deal of free buslricss foV Uncle Barn.
which "dught to bV'Tihafgea 16 Hie other
departments. And then, to continue the
enumeration of tho contents of the nut
shell, we sell every year almost 10,000,000,
000 postage stamps and enough stamped
envelopes and wrappers to give one to
every man, woman and child .upon earth
and leavo some to spare. Last year we
Issued more than 800,000,000 postal cards
arid we sent out registered letters to tho
number of. 44,000,000. Wo do an enormous
money order business both at home and
abroad. The domestla money orders an
nually number 80,000,000 or more, and our
foreign money orders are more than
4,000,000 representing all told an aggregate-
value of something like 1700,000,000.
In spme years we send away to other
countries through the postofflce almost
1100,000,000."
Postal Bavlnsrs nnnks.
"What are you doing as to the postal
savings bank?"
"Wo havo 140,000,000 or $50,000,000 now
on deposit. Tho system was established
only a little more than two and one-half
years ago, and It Is now in operation In
mora than 12,000 postofflces and at about
700 branches and stations. On June 90
last, tho depositor numbered 360,000, and
their deposits then were approximately
$35,000,000. All this cornea from a class of
people who were making no effort to
economize and save before tho postal
savings banks were established. It cornea
from many who were too timid to put
their money into the regular banks, or
who were so afraid of the banks that
they would not trust them with their
savings. They kept them hid under the
hearthstones or perhaps in a tin can or
& stove, and the result was the loas of
hundreds of thousands of dollars every
year. We have plans to Increase the
facilities of tho postal savings banks, and
In a short time we shall have 10n,000,000
of such deposits, and that without taking
from the savings banks of tho country
as much as 1 per cent of their former
returns. The postal savings banks are
patronized largely by foreigners. They
have oonftdenoe In their home govern
ments, and therefore have confidence in
ours. A considerable part of the many
millions dollars which has been annually
going to Europe In money orders will now
remain hare In the postal savings banks."
FRANK O. CARPENTER.
'THE ROCK OF CHICKAMAUGA"
Recollections of General Thoruna and
tbe Great Ilattlo He
Woo.
One of the greatest battles of history
was brought vividly to mind by the
fiftieth anniversary of the two days'
struggle, September 13 and 20. There were
over 120.000 men on the fighting line, ot
whom moiff than a fourth were killed or
wounded. They were veterans, tenacious
In the highest degree, and both aides wert
in line with their colors when the fighting
ceased. Tho confederates finally gained
the field, but the union withdrawal was
but a few miles, to Chattanooga, the
proper objective of the union campaign.
It was held In tho face of starvation, for
several weeks passed before large rein
forcements relieved the confederate grip
on tho railway line of supplies from tht
north. It was so much of a drawn battle,
falling so far short of satlsfactpry resultt
'to the two war departments, that both
leading generals at the battle were
speedily relieved and were thereafter In
Our conspicuous In army operations. Ily a
the coincidence General George If. Thomaa,
Sold for Cash
or on Easy Payments
Spooial
Fall Line of
Pillows
Blankets
Comforts
DEFORMITIES CURED
CLUi FEFT of any variety.jand ai any reasonable aw,
Z . rfc&i Clln De mia itraight. natural and uwfcL
No plaster parls, no severe surgical operation, and the
result Is aiiured.
PflTTS DISEASE ?b,m ttd (u lime ihould result
rui Id UiaCAdC lo no de(onnjtyi paralysis can be
Ereventefl and the pronto cot Interfered with. 'Write tot
itormation and references.
SPINAL CURVATURE nocen oases tuuanr mu
aiinnu bunviliunc g00(1 recoTerles and even
thoio ot long standing do well. No plaster pails., fell or
leather Jackets. Write for Information and reference.
HIP DISEASE In we painful itsga osn bo relieved and
in uitfinoi. the Innammation permanently arreitcd.
roctcd
Shortening, deformity and Ion ol motion can oltea be cor-
mrgloal operations or confinement.
INFANTILE PARALYSIS Wecan refer you to many
nrnnilLC mnnLIOlO respomlble pople all over
the country, whoso children, afflicted with Infantile Paraly
sli havo been practically restored at this Sanitarium.
DEFORMED KNEJES AND JOINTS ,&ur-
ods ot treatment, and if Interested you ihould know about It.
This is the only thoroughly equipped Sanitarium
in the country devoted exclusively to the treatment
of crippled and paralysed conditions.
ILLUSTRATED BOOK FREE Write ni for lllmtrated book which will
LLuuinnikU uuun rntc D ient Ire8 oa reau..t to -ny address.
THE McLAIN ORTHOPEDIC SANITARIUM
883 Aubert Avenue ST. LOUIS, MO.
offices and about 190,000 employes.
gross revenue per annum Is In
nejgnoornooa or ou,iiw,ua ana our gross whose memorable defense saved the union und spcla'ly tvte itdy of th' va r
expenditures are a little less. The de. army, though ho commundod but one ot collision It was I.onyntreet n .Ihlslojn
battery In the Mexican war. "A llttlt
more grapo, Captain Bragg," Is General
Taylors most famous remarK at liuena
Vista. Lieutenant Thomas was destined
to baffle Captain Iiragg at the tremendous
battle ot Chlckamauga sixteen, years later,
By another coincidence both Thomas and
Bragg were born In the south, Thomaa
In Virginia, Bragg in North Carolina, and
less than t year apart
No adequate llfo of General Thomas has
been written, though he was one of thi
moat uniformly successful soldiers that
ever lived. He never lost any sngagement
that he directed, and more than once h6
caved an army In desperate conflict,
though not a commander-in-chief. From
motives of delicacy he declined to take
this position until the battle ot Nashville,
and that la referred to In the military
textbooks of today as a model in hand
ling an army In action. General Thomas
died comparatively young, at the age ot
13, one bf the most profoundly belove
generals ot the civil war and one whose
career In clvlli life was likely to be
brilliant In spite of his rule never to
push himself for advancement. Ills nick
name among the privates was "rap," and
his influence on an army Inspired It to
take every situation coolly and hold on to
the' limit of possibility. He was neyet
driven In confusion from any position.
At Chlckamauga tho rejnnanta of the army
that stayed with him fell back in good
order to a new line nearer Chattanooga.
The commanding general and other two
corps commanders had left the field
under the Impression that tho army wa
crushlngly defeated. Thomas held on.
The next day tho union forces were In
lino ready to receive another attack. It
never camo. Chlckamauga had ended.
What followed was a delusive siege ot
Chattanooga, and Bragg was shortly re
lieved. But so was llosecrans. Thomas,
was nt the head of the army at Chat
tanooga during the famine period, ani
thon turned over the command to Grant
when his forces bogan to arrlvo from tht
soene of wurrender at Vlcksburg.
Several of tho gonaruts prominent at
Clilckaraauga wrote their military mem
oirs and give to thlB great battle many
I agoa of description and analysis. Sheri
dan's treatment of the battle Im hunlly
up to his murk. On the confederates glut
J.onnstreot'H book Is especially " valuabu
In Its Chlckamauga chnptfrr. Orneru
Grade, another conft-durale, Mirfd" a Ihipi
broke tbe union tight at Chlckamauga,
but It fell back In the direction that best
served the. union defensive retreat. Braga
himself' put tho right wing and center In
action, and Thomas fought It to a stand.
still. No otfenitve power was left In 11
Mhen Longstreet gained ground on the
other wing. The union army would hav
been sacrificed but for Thomas, who
took the critical place In the line, the left
wing. But for his firm resistance Bragg
would have forced his way back Into
Chattanooga and pushed what remained
of the union army Into the mountains
south ot the Tennessee river. If Thomas
had lived he would probably have been
nominated for president In 1S78, unless
he had absolutely declined. U was not
to be. Ills fame as a soldier continues
to grow. Some day a biographer of genius
will do him Justice. 8t Louis Globe-Democrat,
Violifcs
Complete vrtth
ease, bow and ei
tim strlBKS nt 11.00,
SO.OO, $7.00. 8H.00,
10.00, $15.00, $23
and up.
Bald on Kuy Pay
Dvmi.
Write for Wt Catalog of Mualead
Inatramenta.
A. HOSPE CO.
IMS Dotialns St Otnaha. ITab.
TIIAVEI,.
Enterprising;.
The honest farmer who took In summer
boarders greeted the new arrivals with
truly rural enthusiasm.
"I swan, I'm right deown glad to meet
ye," he cried as he extended his horny
hand. "How's th' folks to humT"
The man of the party looked at the
enthusiast with some suspicion.
"Farmer," he said, "your dialect
strongly reminds me of the stage va
riety." The agriculturist grinned.
"It's all right, ain't It?" ho asked. "I
gave an actor feller a month's board free
to teach It to me," Cleveland Plain
Dealer.
Natural Way to Melt
Away a Double Chin
(From Home Queen.)
No single thing can ruin tho good looks
of an otherwise pretty woman so much as
a double chin. There's a simple, harm
less treatment for this atfllctlon whloh
Is remarkably effective. It Is nothing
moro thnn the application of parafled
plastold Jelly, which any druggist can
supply. 15very other night put a liberal
amount on tho fingers, put the finger
tips together under the chin und draw
them smartly up to tho base ot the ears.
Do this several times, also smearing the
jelly well up over the chin. The sub.
stance quickly "draws In" the saggy
mUHclea, holding them firm and taut,
while an Increased supply of vitalizing
blood courses through the weakened tin
hue. In a half hour wush off the dried
jolly und It will bo soon that the double
chin has greatly receded and tho jaw
line wonderfully Improved.
Tin- (dmhlned astringent action of the
Ullv und reconstructive effect of re-
'wed circulation ure bound to bring
further improvement with each treat-
portment always runs at a alight deficit,' the three corps, was lieutenant In Bragg' J euddonly t:ansjortcd fr m Vrglnm,Jhai nnt -Admtlacn-"-
ENT-
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Killed with Wireless Telecraphr and Dili Keela
Drawlnic Hooma, Lounges. Smaklnc Itoenu. Or
cbettraa, Lusurtouilr Appolule4 Salooa
aod Raoood Cabin.
Vssurpaserd Third Clae Kullr Furaliaad
Low Rates.
Room tor mirrled couples sod families of X
i and s persona.
hecoko PxasAan days, ii norma
Mediterranean service from New Tori
First Cabin I'atiafe to Naples, 60 and up.
Third Clasa at Very Low Katea.
Anchor Line Drafts IVrable Cre ot Chan
Kor Ileok ot Tours, Rates, etc. arplr to
IIICNDBUHON- nitOTJlKREf. Qen'l Agents
15 V. Randolph St . 8 E. Cor Dearborn, Chlcasf
Gx Local Asenta Ertrrwben.