The Omaha Sunday
PART TWO
EDITOEIAL
PAGES ONE TO EIGHT
PART TWO
SOCIETY
PAGES ONE TO EIGHT
VOL. XLIHNO.
5.
OMAHA, SUNDAY MORNING, JULY 2Q, 1913.
SINGLE COPY FIVE CENTS
Modern Farm Efficiency Demands Better Power Plants.
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9
OST people aro
the lifo
that they
movements
take form under their very eyes,
This, is an ago of progress and de
velopment. We aro Just entering; upon an era that
ic almost revolutionary in the commercial, Indus
trial and agricultural conditions that it will de
velop. We have already fairly entered upon one
of the greatest changes wrought out under the
compelling force of the law of evolution.
Perhaps there 1b no field of human endeavor '
that is more slow to take on tho spirit of thlB new
age than agriculture. Dut agriculture Itself is be
ginning to rospond to the breath of this new era.
Within the next twenty years agriculture will havo
laid aside most of its outworn methods and will
have adopted new me'thofls more in. harmony with
tho spirit of the ago, better adapted to economic
and industrial conditions, and more certain to
bring to the agriculturist tho reward of his labor.
Under the old agriculture the farmer earned his
bread by the sweat of hlB'brow. " He is boginnin,g
to see that more bread may bo earned with less
perspiration; that greater efficiency may bo at
tained with less effort; that rewards may be so- -cured
with less muscular toil.
Mind to Supplant Muscle
Heretofore the work of tho farm, arduous and
severe as it always has-been, has been performed
not by ' mind but by muscle. - To bo sure, the
farmer no longer uses his own muscles to the ex
tent that ho used thpm when he used mow his
hay with a scythe, harvest his grain with a cradle
and tend his corn with a hoe. But it is muscular
effort still, to a large extent, as he tills his ground
with the power furnished by the muscles of hones.
There is a better, more efficient, more economical,
more productive method . in sight. With the en
gine, the product of man's brain, doing men's and
horses work for them, the new era is opening.'
It will be found upon examination that at the
present time horse power is uneconomic; that is,
it costs , the farmer more to do his work with
horse power than it would cost him to do it with
mechanical power. In the Missouri valley terri
tory it is estimated that it costs $72 a year simply
to keep a work horse. This does not take into ac
count the fact that the horse is liable to become
Injured or disabled through bis work, Is liable to
contract disease which will take him away,. or Is
so subject to physical conditions that the maxi
mum of effort and work may not at all times be
secured from him. If the horse were not subject
to all these conditions, he would still be more ox
pensive than the engine. The engine, consumes
fuel only while it works. The horso must not
only be fed three tlmes a day, but must receive
shelter and care and attention in many ways that
mean just so Jmucli additional cost, or so much
additional care and care in the .last analysis is
cost, so that if farmer wishes to secure the
cheapest power fon his farm 'operations he win
have to choose mechanical power.
Efficiency tho Demand of Ago.
Mechanical power Is much more efficient. The
Utao' for the old shiftless, haphazard method of
so.rriucnioccuplod with 1 V':,J ' . Ml'lPfSli,
immediately -about thorn WMjmv t , 4'V j uC .V X- ' .lx 'V M f, KMW . .
fail to 'notice the broad 3 ' V;Wff J :1 '$ WX V - V' fOl UW, .iiO
that aro beginning to S,, - : -lN M&Sm , - . "AWm tM&mmmil, '
4
mmm
rsin:
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cultivation has gone never to return. If the maxi
mum of production is to be secured, thore must
bo deeper plowing, plowing to a depth doublo
what is ordinarily done with horso power, more
thorough cultivation. This will require extra
power. If such work Is to be done as it should be
dono to secure the best results, horses will be
found inadequate to do it. No man can work mor9
than a' certain number of horses on a single imple
ment. ' Tho cultivation of the soil in the future
will demand more power than can be furnished by
any number of horses that may be practically and
efficiently handled in the fiold. More power, then,
in thief case, means different power, concentrated
power, power that will be adequate to all demands
'that may be mado upon it This means mechan
ical power.
,- The use of mechanical power also means econ
omy of time; that is, the doing of more labor, tho
cultivation of more soil in -tho samo time. Tho
lipf'so is .limited to ten hours of work a day. Ho
must have his hour of nooning. He cannot profit
ably begin work boforo 7 in the morning, and it
will not pay in tho long run to work "him lator
than 6 at night. Tho engine requires no such con
sideration. It is always ready for work, day or
night. And ono engino can do much more work,
figured at less than $10 additional per month,
do-it In a much bottor manno?, do it In Iobs tlnio,
than can possibly bo done by horses.
Where Engino Saves Money.
The employment of mochanlcal power upon tho
farm will help to solve the problems connected
with farm labor. If a man has an engino that can
pull six plow, bottoms, ho is doing the equivalent
of work porformed by three four-horse teams, each
in charge of 'a man paid by the month. By using
the engine, tho farmer avoids the necessity of
hiring the additional men to run the plows, and
this is no little saving. Tho wages paid to hired
men Jn .tho Missouri valloy, where they begin In
March and end at corn harvesting, is $30 a month
with board. No one would think of boarding a
hired man at an expense of less than $10 per
month. Tho additional equlpago'for a hired man,
when additional breakago is taken into account,
and in many cases tho care of a driving horso for
tho hired man must ulso bo considered, cannot bo
This would inako the gross coat at $G0 a month
per man. The man that uses, an engine, and, 1b .
thereby released from tho necessity of employing
bo much help at large wages, with so much cost,
will make a very noticeable saving.
Hero, then, in a nutBholl, aro tho arguments In,
favor of mechanical powor. First, when ovory
thing is considered, it will bo found to bo lesa ex
pensive in tho matter of inero current exponso of
horso powor. In the next place, the engino will
be found capablo of doing much mora work and
doing it much more efficiently, of complying-mora
nearly with tho demands of enlightenod, modern
agriculture than is possible with tho use of horses.
In tho third placo, it assists the farmer In solving
the over pressing problems connoctod with farm
labor, and makes a great saving In tho expense of
Workhouse Preferable to His Wife's Views
A
By ADA PATTERSON.
MAN appeared in the police court of
Yonkers and told the Judge he wanted
to be sentenced f pr a term in the
workhouse. "I would consider it a
great favor, your honor," he said, "for
I want peace. I've been married for
twenty-four years and our married
life has been one long battle of chattor."
Tffe Judge Investigating found that what the
man's wife bad chattered about was the husband's
failure to support his family. It seemed that the
family life was one long song, , with her as chief
soloist, and that the burden of her song waB, "Why
won't you, an able-bodied man, work? Why won't
you work? Why won't you work?"
Tho woman had no trouble in proving that her
song was a true one, but Adam, like the man who
wanted to go to the workhouse, made a counter
movo. He told the Judge he was bringing home
money for family comforts, but that without wait
ing to find out whether he had any she began the
refrain, "You won't work." No doubt moat men
and some women who readHhat newB from Yonkera
remarked to themselves, or the family audience
the only audience that can't escape "Here's a man
driven to the workhouse by his wife's tongue."
'Why shouldn't a woman tell plain homo truths
to a husbarid who won't support his family? Why
should she sit silent while the head of the house Is
also sitting silent, and the butcher and grocer aro
clamoring at the outer 'gates? Why in a country
where the press has the right of free speech, the
preacher can tell a community it is going to perdi
tion, a lawyer can tell a witness he is a liar and the
person ho Is opposing that he is a menace to the
public weal, should not a wife tell her husband ho
lacks energy it he does?
But as murder is Justlfable as a means of self
defense, so nagging may be Justified in extreme
cases. There are some situations in life when pa
tience is no longer admirable. The woman who
stands at the wasbtub while her husband lies In a
drunken stupor In the corner, and a brood of little
children pull at her skirts, is carrying tho doctrine
eof non-reslstanco too far. Her family affairs
would be hotter were she to submit lesB and ener
gize more. If she had her unlordly lord arrested
for drunkenness and nonsupport, or if she feared
bis reactionary vlolenco and made a now home for
herself and children far from his beastiallzlng in
fluence, sho would be a far raoro admirablo figure
than as a tear-drlpplng-lnto-tho-washlub-flgure, and
for it her children would be more prono to call her
blessed.
But if her instincts and training, and what she
deems her principles, all point away from this
course, what else can sho do but talk, talk to hen
husband, and talk very much to the point? Always
Bott Caterpillar Tza.cloi owned
i
farm labor, provided tho labor were always to bo
had and woro alwayB of a satisfactory character.
Engino that is Xocdod.
In selecting tho type of ongino that will be
best adaptod to hla uso. tho farmer must bo gov
erned by the conditions with which ho is con
fronted. It is solf-ovldont that tho Bmall farms oi
tho Missouri valloy will require a different type
of ongino from thoso specially adapted to tho "wide
roaches of arable land on tho big ranges of tho
west. Again,, tho character of tho soil must enter
into calculation, nnd the farmer rauBt select such
tools ns will do tho most efficient work in his
particular typo of soil. It is also, solf-ovldont that
n gonoral utility engine is better adaptod to uso
upon tho small farms of this territory than the
heavier and more pondorous types. Tho average
farmer in tho Missouri valley will noed an engine
not only for the cultivation of the soil, but for the
hauling of loads upon tho roads, for driving
threshing machines and corn shollors, for road
grading, .for silo filling, and for the delivery of
whatevor' power may bo required, for whatever
purposo, upon tho avorago farm. Such an engine
roust bo flexlble and adapted to this gonoral utility
purposo. It must bo flexible in its uses so that a
farmer nt a moment's notice may turn from ono
kind of work to another and , always find his en
gino adapted to tho usos domandod of It The
farmer that scob only ono typo of engine, or Hsten3
to tho porsunsion of a singlo salesman, la in, no
position to Judgo as to what engine will best meet
his neods.
Exhibition of Engines Planned.
For tho purposo of affording the farmers ofj
central Nebraska a chance to form an Intelligent!
opinion with roferonce to thiB matter at first hand,1
tho Commercial club of Fremont is promoting a!
Farm Power Tractor Exhibition and Demonstra
tion. It, II, Woodruff of the Twentieth Century
Farmer will havo charge of tho field work. This
will in no sense bo a contest. It will bo Blmply anl
exhibition- of engines for delivering power for alll
purposes. It will afford to tho farmer tho oppor-
tunity so much needed of seeing all classes of en
gines at work, and of Judging from what they sea
as to what typo of engino will best meet their In
dividual needs. There will bo held at the same
time with this exhibition a four-county agricul
tural fair, participated in by Dodge, Douglas,
Washington and Saundora counties. This will
make an agricultural exhibit second in importance
only to tho state fair. Tho exhibition will begin,
on September 8 and will close on September 13.
It will be one of tho most notable exhibitions ever
held in this part of tho country. Winnipeg for
years has had a plowing exhibition and contest that
has drawn visitors from all parts of the world. It
in time that the United States, which has such
greater needs for farm power than have yet been)
developed in upper Canada, should have an exhibl-t
in her heart is a hope that some argument of hers
may finally sink into bis soul and stir his con- tion ofiftB own. Tho farmers of the mlddlo west
science. Meanwhile sho does all sho can, Sho . will have anv opportunity at this exhibition suclu
keeps on talking. And who that la -fair-minded'
and wishes humanity well can blame her? If there
is an alternative, let some male or fomalo Solomon
arise and announco It.
as has novqr' been affordod them before. It is)
earnestly hoped that they will take full advantage
of the opportunity so generously afforded by thai
cltv of Fremont.
